impacts of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide ...coffee cultivars: catuaí vermelho (iac ......
TRANSCRIPT
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Impacts of increased atmosphericcarbon dioxide concentration and
water viability on coffeeagroecosystem under FACE – First
results
Raquel Ghini
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Objective
• Evaluate the impacts of climate change on plant diseases, pests and weeds of important crops of Brazilian agribusiness in order to develop adaptation strategies of control, as well to support elaboration of public policies.
2
http://www.macroprograma1.cnptia.embrapa.br/climapest
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CP-
Management
CP-
TemperatureCP-CO
2CP-UV-B CP-Maps
Grape
Apple &
peach
Forest
species
Soybean
Corn
Cotton
Palm
treesPasture
Citrus
Cassava
Banana
Mango
Castor
bean
Cocconut
Coffee
Rice
Bean
Sugarcane
Peanut
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CO2: 6 OTCs and FACE
CO2
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Grape
Apple
and
peach
Forest
species
SoybeanCorn
Cotton
Castor
bean
Pasture
Cassava
Banana
Mango
Coffee
CO2
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High CO2
Ambient
CO2
Climapest-FACE
7 ha
Coffee: 35,000
plants
12 rings
10-m diameter
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Treatments:
2011-2014: CO2 X Cultivars
2014: CO2 X H2O
CO2: Current concentration X Current
concentration + 200 ppm
Coffee cultivars: Catuaí Vermelho (IAC
144) X Obatã
H2O: - H2O (precipitation) X + H2O (drop
irrigation)
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Catuaí
Catuaí
Catuaí
Catuaí
Obatã
Obatã
Obatã
3,5 m
4 mPainel solar
N
S
O
L
2011-2014
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Catuaí
3,5 m
4 m– H2O + H2OPainel solar
N
S
O
L
2014
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Mar/2009
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Feb/2010
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Mar/2010
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May/2010
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May/2010
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Feb/2011
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Jun/2011
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Jun/2011
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Aug/2011
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Inauguração do FACE, 25 de agosto de 2011
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Dec/2011
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Feb/2012
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Feb/2012
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May/2012
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May/2012
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May/2012
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Dec/2012
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Jul/2013
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May/2014
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13 Institutions
CENA/USP IAC
Embrapa Café Instituto Biológico
Embrapa Instrumentação Instituto de Botânica
Embrapa Meio Ambiente Unicamp
Epamig UFV
ESALQ/USP UFLA
INPE
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PAs
PA1 – Management
PA2 – Instrumentation
PA3 – Pests, diseases and weeds
PA4 – Multitrophic interactions
PA5 - Plants
PA6- Soil
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Results:
> Photosynthesis
> Plant height
> Stem diameter
< N foliar
> Yield
> Caffeine
= fungi detected in grains
(leaf miner)
= parasitoids and predated mines
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Biomass production, elemental and fibre composition of Brachiaria produced
under free air carbon dioxide enrichment conditions
A.L. Abdalla1; R. Ghini2; A.S. Natel1; A.L. Abdalla Filho1; H. Louvandini1; A. Torre Neto3
(1) Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil(2) Embrapa Environment, Jaguariuna, Sao Paulo, Brazil(3) Embrapa Instrumentation, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Results
Brachiaria decumbensFACE
SE P value+ CO2 - CO2
Byomass availableg MF/m2 1442.15 1151.60 54.185 0.0001
Kg MS/m2 0.377 0.298 0.0164 0.0005
Plant fraction (%)stem 17.92 16.85 0.577 0.1211
leaf 80.10 81.62 0.675 0.0875
Elementar composition(%)
C 44.24 44.13 0.070 0.2967
N 3.17 3.14 0.022 0.5697
S 0.25 0.25 0.003 0.9577
Fiber fractions (g/Kg DM)
NDF 644.21 637.92 3.300 0.1814
ADF 313.59 306.75 2.098 0.0180
LIG 61.42 58.80 2.705 0.5515
CEL 252.17 247.95 3.118 0.2783
HEMC 330.62 331.18 2.413 0.8098
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http://www.climapestface.cnptia.embrapa.br/