impact on vegetation - forda - badan litbang dan inovasi ... · on biomass bases (fao forestry...

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Nuril Puslit Biologi LIPI 2011

In the 20th century CO2 concentration in the

atmosfphere is around 365 ppm. Without

mitigation CO2 concentration will increase up to

550 ppm in the middle of 21th century

Global air temperature increases 1.4 – 5.8 oC in

the period of 1990 – 2100 (IPCC, 2001).

Impact on vegetation Without mitigation scenario , dieback condition

in tropical forest and savanna will be occurred

in 2080 s.

With mitigation scenario to stabilize CO2

concentration around 750 ppm:, dieback

condition in tropical forest is delayed up to 100

years.

With mitigation scenario to stabilize CO2

concentration around 550 ppm, dieback is

predicted to be occurred in 2230 s.

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CO2

N2O2

SF6

CH4

HFCs

PFCs

Particular interest for forest ecosystems is the role it can play in

carbon sequestration: the process of removing carbon dioxide

(CO2) from the atmosphere and storing it in plants that use

sunlight to turn CO2 into biomass and oxygen

Biological diversity can make a significant contribution to

reducing the build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Forest ecosystem can be both sources and sinks of CO2. A

biological diverse tropical forest holds 50 times more carbon per

unit of area than a monoculture plantation.

Thus, the trees in a forest stand form an essential part in the

functioning of the terrestrial biosphere, especially in the carbon

cycle

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• Reducing CO2 in the atmosphere is actually absorbing

CO2 through the process of photosyntesis :

• 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

• Carbon sequestration: the process of removing carbon

dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and storing it in

plants that use sunlight to turn CO2 into biomass and

oxygen


APPROACH OBJECTIVES

This research aims to provide information on

tree characteristics on carbon sequestration

by analyzing the physiological characteristics

related to carbon sequestration (Biomass

accumulation, CO2 absorption, stomatal

conductance, chlorophyll content)


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METHODS

• Study Site

• The study site include :1) Botanical Gardens (Cibodas and Bogor), 2) Research Forest

(Forestry Research and Development Center in Situ Gede-CIFOR), 3) Rubber

plantations (Cianjur), 4) Cacao plantation (Cianjur-Cirata), 5) Mahagoni plantation

(Cianjur-Cirata), 6) Pinus plantation (Puncak, Cianjur-Cirata)

• Ecologycal Analysis

• The collected data was analyzed using Cox (1967) and Greigh-Smith (1964) method

• BA = (0.5xD)2x3.14

• Where BA (m-2h-1) is Basal Area; D is stem diameter and value of 3.14 is a constant.

• Plant biomass and carbon content were estimated by using following calculation :

• W = a D b

• W= Biomass; a and b = constant for estimating biomass of tree community (a =0.19

and b=2.37); D = Stem diameter (Brown, 1997). C = Carbon content

• C = 0.5 W

• Physiological Analysis

• The measurement of physiological characteristics were carried out on March 2011.

Simultaneous measurements of CO2 absorption, stomatal conductance ,transpiration.

Nuril Puslit Biologi LIPI 09 Nuril Puslit Biologi LIPI 2011

Carbon sequestration was calculated based

on biomass bases (FAO Forestry paper – 134)

measurement of physiological characteristics

were carried out using ADC Lci

Photosynthesis System

plant height measurement was using Haga

meter and stem diameter was using

diameter tape

Chlorophyll content measurements was

using chlorophyll meter SPAD-502; Minolta

Microclimate measurements were using

Digital Thermohygrometer AS ONE TH-321,

Lux meter LUXOR and soil tester

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chlorophyll photosynthesis

Digital Thermohygrometer

AS ONE TH-321

chlorophyll meter SPAD-502;

Minolta

ADC LCi Photosynthesis System


plotting physiological measurement

Tree measurement

Physiological measurement

Carbohydrate analysis

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No Tree Species

CO2 Absorption (µmolm-2s-1)

Transpiration (molm-2s-1)

Stomatal Conductance (molm-2s-1)

Q Leaf (µmolm-2s-1)

Chlorophyll Content (SPAD)

1 Azadirachta indica 0.90 0.09 541.83 52.55

2 Hopea odorata 6.69 1.52 0.22 170.00 39.07

3 Trachylobium verrucosum 0.98 0.14 970.00 42.02

4 Hymenaea courbaril 10.30 1.01 0.11 700.67 34.20

5 Khaya grandfolia 10.02 1.31 0.14 457.33 53.28

6 Palaquium javens 8.91 1.66 0.25 347.67 45.50

7 Shorea selanica 1.56 0.19 665.00 36.03

8 Pterygota alata 8.23 1.11 0.15 114.33 56.58

9 Syzigium polyanthum 2.36 0.24 673.33 46.50

10 Dipterocarpus retusa 8.56 2.87 0.32 805.50 36.63

11 Shorea leprosula 7.91 1.19 0.08 371.83 35.02 12 Litsea sp 6.81 2.65 0.25 399.83 37.62 13 Epipremnum

pinnatum 7.59 1.74 0.13 213.00 33.05

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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13C

O2

Ab

so

rptio

n (

µm

olm

-2s-1

)

Tree Species


Q Leaf (µmolm-2s-1)


y = 64,72x - 85,74 R² = 0,421

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Q L

eaf

(µm

olm

-2s

-1)


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0

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

0,3

0,35

Sto

ma

tal C

on

du

cta

nc

e

(mo

lm-2

s-1

)

Transpiration (molm-2s-1)


No Spesies Local Name CO2 Absorption

Carbon Sequestration

(t/ha) 1 Havea brasiliensis Karet 281.03

2 Havea brasiliensis Karet 186.66

3 Havea brasiliensis Karet 55.05

4 Gmelina arborea Gmelina 37.91

5 Albizia falcataria Sengon 145.93

6 Sweetenia mahagoni Mahoni 636.77

7 Pinus merkusii Pinus 370.77

8 Teobroma cacao cacao 139.12

9 Durio zibetinus Durian 568.97

10 zysigium aromaticum Cengkeh 28.79

11 Durio zibetinus Durian 22.91

12 Gnetum gnemon Melinjo 122.18

13 Agathys damara Damar 9.10


15 zysigium aromaticum Cengkih 75.99

16 Toona sureni Suren 152.95

17 Cinnamomum burmannii Kayu manis 178.66

18 Hibiscus tiliaceus Waru 49.81

19 Manglid 75.42

20 Persea amerieana Alpukat 143.66


22 Agathys damara Damar 811.67

23 Schima wallichii (DC) Puspa 664.91

24 Maesopsis eminii Manii 748.10

25 Agathis damara Damar 203.51

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26 Cinnamomum burmannii Kayu Manis 228.85

27 Shorea sp Meransi 88.16

28 Hopea bancana 72.01

29 Beilsemiedia roxburgiana 70.44

30 Hydnocarpus alpina 113.29

31 Tectona grandis Jati 274.32

32 Gyrinops verteegii Gaharu 1284.93

33 Kayu Putih 233.17

34 Lansium domesticum Duku 39.71

35 Gnetum gnemon Melinjo 20.05

36 Sandarium cuetjape Kecapi 12.48 18.21

37 Nephelium lappaceum Rambutan 4.27

38 Kihileut 153.61

39 Hopea odorata Thinganu 6.69 4545.19

40 Azadirachita exelca Kayu Bawang 5.04 429.99

41 Trachylobium verrucosum oliver 15.30 482.48

42 Hymenaea courbaril L Marasi 10.30 702.02

43 Khaya grandifolia Mahoni Afrika 10.02 1940.38

44 Shorea selanica Kayu bapa 11.95 664.59

45 Palaquium javance Nurck Nyatoh 8.91 468.63

46 Pterygota alata R.Br Hantap 8.23 355.69

47

Syzigium polyanthum (wight)

walp Salam 9.24 349.86

48 Dipterocarpus letusus Kruing 8.56 606.66

49 Callophyllum tomentosum wight 209.07

50 Shorea balangeran Burck 206.43


51 Epipremnum pinnatum Kenari 964.94

52 Khaya anthotheca (meliae) 964.34

53 Khaya ivarensie A. Cher 1443.92

54 Agathis damara Damar 1018.49

55 Mezzettia parviflora 350.31

56 Lagerstroemia speciosa Bungur 150.70

57 Kapok ceibapetandi 2993.76

58 Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume Kayu bapa 11.95 855.13

59 Dipterocarpus grandiflorus 610.04

60 Gionystilus macrophyllus 546.55

61 Termia isaemoachi 221.02

62 Eucaliptus alba 282.27

63 Samaea Saman 16.95 1895.06

64 Eusideroxylon zioaqeri Kayu ulin 136.58

65 Shorea balanqeran 389.68

66 Dipderocarpus gracilis 788.29

67 Diospyros celebica Bakh 160.47

68 Dipterocarpus clyeri Pierre 642.19

69 Dipterocarpus littoralis Blume 1229.24

70 Shorea leprosula Miq 7.91 3579.23

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71 Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb 1573.12

72 Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaerta.f 886.87

73 Litsea sp 6.81 781.18

74 Shorea leprosula Miq Meranti Tembaga 972.77

75 Shorea quiso (Bilco) Blume Meranti Guiso 455.02

76 Maranthes coryombsa (Blure Miq) 369.35

77 Schima walliechii Puspa 308.13

78 Anthocephalus cadamba Miq Jabon 291.01

79 Gluta walliechii 701.35

80 Gluta rengas L. 424.98

81 Tletona grandes Jati 436.04

82 Araucaria bidwilli Hook Bunya-bunya 2946.16

83 Agathis Borneensis Warb. 2786.70

84 Ecalyptus Saligna Sm. 2786.70

85 Lophostemon suaueolens 253.98

86 E. Pilularis Sm. 2241.01

87 Eucalyptus piperita Sm. 960.73

88 Eucalyptus cetriodora Hook 207.09

89 E. Punetata DC. 940.07

90 E. Microcorys 1195.39

91 Altingia exelsa Noronha Rasamala 1509.54

92 Schima wallichii (DC) Puspa 765.48

93 Castanopsin argentea Saninten 957.54

94 Toora surenii Suren 463.90


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Matoa

Samania saman jati

rasamala Nyamplung

16.45 µmolm-2s-1

Ketapang

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Nuril Puslit Biologi LIPI

2011 Nuril Puslit Biologi LIPI 2011

impact on vegetation - forda - badan litbang dan inovasi ... · on biomass bases (fao forestry...

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