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IMO and its activity on the transport of radioactive materials

Hiroyuki YAMADAHead of Cargoes Section, Maritime Safety Division

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About IMO

A UN specialized agency of the United Nations, in London

Member States: 170, Associate Member: 3

About 300 Secretariat staff

Primarily a technical organization,

- concerning maritime safety and security;

pollution prevention; and facilitation

- About 50 mandatory instruments

- the application of IMO instruments is the responsibility of the Member Governments

IMO is a small organization but very efficientPage 2

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Meetings in plenary

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Maritime Regulatory Framework

SOLAS Convention

INF Code

ISPS Code

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IMDG Code

Regarding the carriage of radioactive material by sea

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SOLAS (International Convention forthe Safety of Life at Sea, 1974)

SOLAS consists of 14 chapters

Chapter I: General provisions (survey and certification, PSC)

Chapter II-1: Construction – Structure, subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical installations

Chapter II-2: Construction – Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction

Chapter III: Life-saving appliances and arrangements

Chapter IV: Radiocommunications

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5Chapter V: Safety of navigation

Chapter VI: Carriage of cargoes

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SOLAS (cont.)

Chapter VIII: Nuclear ships

Chapter IX: Management for the safe operation of ships

Chapter X: Safety measures for high-speed craft

Chapter XI-1: Special measures to enhance maritime safety

Chapter XI-2: Special measures to enhance maritime security

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Chapter XII: Additional safety measures for bulk carriers

Appendix: Certificates

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8 Chapter VII: Carriage of dangerous goods

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Chapter VII Carriage of Dangerous Goods

Part A - Carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form

refers the IMDG Code as mandatory

Part D - Special requirements for the carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level wastes on board ship

refers the INF Code as mandatory

SOLAS, related to the carriage of radioactive material

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Regulation 2 - Application1 Unless expressly provided otherwise, this part applies to the

carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form in all ships to which the present regulations apply and in cargo ships of less than 500 gross tonnage.

Regulation 3 - Requirements for the carriage of dangerous goodsThe carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form shall be in

compliance with the relevant provisions of the IMDG Code.

SOLAS Chapter VII - Carriage of Dangerous Goods – Part A

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Chapter 1.5 General provisions concerning class 7

Chapter 2.7 Class 7 – Radioactive material

Chapter 6.4 Provisions for the construction, testing and approval of packages and material of class 7

Chapter 7.3 Special provisions in the event of an incident and fire precautions involving dangerous goods.

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code)

IMDG Code deals with the stowage, segregation, packaging, classification, labelling, marking and placarding of dangerous goods, including radioactive material (class 7)

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IMDG Code has been -amended in every two years (latest amendment 36-12 will enter into force in January 2014); and-harmonized with the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Model Regulations (Orange Book) (currently, 18th revised edition)

Provisions for radioactive materials (class 7) are based on the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material

IMDG Code (cont.)

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Regulation 14 - Definitions2 INF cargo means packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and

high-level radioactive wastes carried as cargo in accordance with class 7 of the IMDG Code.

Regulation 15 - Application to ships carrying INF cargo1 Except as provided for in paragraph 2, this part shall apply to all

ships regardless of the date of construction and size, including cargo ships of less than 500 gross tonnage, engaged in the carriage of INF cargo.

Regulation 16 - Requirements for ships carrying INF cargo1 A ship carrying INF cargo shall comply with the requirements of the

INF Code in addition to any other applicable requirements of the present regulations and shall be surveyed and certified as provided for in that Code.

SOLAS Chapter VII - Carriage of Dangerous Goods – Part D

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The INF Code stipulates the design of vessels transporting radioactive material, addressing such as:

-stability after damage,-fire protection, and -structural resistance-to complement the IMDG Code (requirements for packages, ..)

The INF Code defines classes of vessels (INF 1, INF 2 and INF 3), based on the aggregate level of radioactivity that a ship is permitted to transport.

INF Code

International Code for the Safe Carriage of Packaged Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and High-Level Radioactive Wastes on board Ships

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“Best practices for voluntary and confidential Government-to-Government Communications on the Transport of Mox Fuel, High Level Radioactive Waste and, as appropriate, Irradiated Nuclear Fuel by Sea” has been considered by an IAEA working group, and its outcome was reported to the IAEA General Conference in September

It seems that Coastal and Shipping States generally agreed to the Best Practices and IAEA will continue the discussion on the matter in the futureWhen the draft INF Code was developed in IMO, "prior notification“ requirement was discussed but it was not included in the mandatory INF Code, since it might result in contravention of UNCLOS; might lead to an undesired precedent for the transportation of other dangerous goods; and notification might lead to interference by terrorists

Prior notification on INF cargos

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The ISPS Code is mandatory (Part A) under SOLAS Chapter XI-2 (Special measures to enhance maritime security)

SOLAS Chapter XI-2 applies to passenger ships, cargo ships and MODUs; and port facilities serving such ships engaged on international voyages

This chapter stipulates obligations of Contracting Governments with respect to security, requirements for Companies and ships, specific responsibility of Companies, ship security alert system, etc.

SOLAS Chapter XI-2 and ISPS Code

International Ship and Port Facility Security Code

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Companies shall comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and of part A of the ISPS Code, taking into account the guidance given in part B of the ISPS Code.

Objective of the ISPS Code is to create an international framework involving Governments, local administrations and port/shipping industries to detect/assess security threats and take preventive measures

ISPS Code (cont.)

The Code covers entire spectrum of security, from attempts to commit petty thefts, to piracy and armed robbery against ships, to attempts to board a ship as a stowaway or illegal migrant, to terrorism

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Piracy

IMO has taken various measures on piracy in cooperation with relevant organizations The number of piracy peaked in the

region of south-east Asia around year 2000, off the coast of Somalia around 2010 and now in west Africa internationally co-ordinated measures

include many IMO guidelines/resolutions, naval ships patrol, industries’ best management practice; and regional cooperation scheme initiated by IMO IMO Guidance to PMSC (private

maritime security companies) providing PCASP (privately contracted armed security personnel)

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Other instruments related to IMDG Code and INF Code

- The EmS Guide: Emergency Response Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods

- IMO/WHO/ILO Medical First Aid Guide for Use in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods (MFAG)

- Guidelines for a structure of an integrated system of contingency planning for shipboard emergencies (A.852(20))

- Guidelines for developing shipboard emergency plans for ships carrying materials subject to INF Code (A.854(20))

- Guidelines for voyage planning (A.893(21))…

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Related issues

IMO/IAEA/ICAO Denials Database of shipments of radioactive material has been established

-for the IMO Secretariat to co-ordinate efforts to resolve speedily difficulties in the carriage of IMDG Code class 7 radioactive materials,-whereby the IMO Secretariat will monitor, facilitate and co-ordinate the resolution of such difficulties

The Computer-based (e-learning) package for the preparation, handling and transport of class 7 radioactive materials is ready for downloading (free of charge) http://www.class7elearning.com

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Thank you for listening

www.imo.org

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