immunization and the patient. low immunization rates opportunity missed health care delivery...
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Immunization and the PatientImmunization and the Patient
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Low immunization ratesLow immunization rates
Opportunity missedHealth care delivery Inadequate accessLack of public awarenessReligious beliefs
Opportunity missedHealth care delivery Inadequate accessLack of public awarenessReligious beliefs
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Athletic Training and Vaccines
Athletic Training and Vaccines
Tetanus status of all patientsHepatitis B status of all patientsMeningococcus InfluenzaTravel vaccines
Tetanus status of all patientsHepatitis B status of all patientsMeningococcus InfluenzaTravel vaccines
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Vaccine ScheduleVaccine Schedule
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Adult Vaccination Schedule
Adult Vaccination Schedule
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TetanusTetanus
Lockjaw is a neurological disease manifested by trismus and severe muscular spasms
Clostridium tetani bacterium that causes nuerotoxin production
Onset is gradual, 1-7 days & progresses to severe generalized muscle spasms
Lockjaw is a neurological disease manifested by trismus and severe muscular spasms
Clostridium tetani bacterium that causes nuerotoxin production
Onset is gradual, 1-7 days & progresses to severe generalized muscle spasms
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Clostridium TetaniClostridium Tetani
Wound contaminationBlocks contractile inhibitory pulses
to motor neuronsFound in intestines and serum
Fewer that 60 cases in last 5 yrs
Wound contaminationBlocks contractile inhibitory pulses
to motor neuronsFound in intestines and serum
Fewer that 60 cases in last 5 yrs
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Tetanus Treatment/Prevention
Tetanus Treatment/Prevention
Tx: (TIG) – used to treat and prevent Extensive cleaning of wounds Oral antibiotics
Prevention: IM immunization Primary series Booster between 11-16 yrs old Booster every 10 yrs
Tx: (TIG) – used to treat and prevent Extensive cleaning of wounds Oral antibiotics
Prevention: IM immunization Primary series Booster between 11-16 yrs old Booster every 10 yrs
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Other Common VaccinesOther Common Vaccines
Hepatitis B – series of 3 shots Booster ~ 10 yrs
Meningitis – fever, chills, malaise, rash
Purpura Common in young children Common in semiclosed communities All college students should get the vaccine All Functional asplenia people Duration is 5-6 yrs 13 different types of disease, vaccine
covers 4
Hepatitis B – series of 3 shots Booster ~ 10 yrs
Meningitis – fever, chills, malaise, rash
Purpura Common in young children Common in semiclosed communities All college students should get the vaccine All Functional asplenia people Duration is 5-6 yrs 13 different types of disease, vaccine
covers 4
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Other Common VaccinesOther Common Vaccines
InfluenzaPresents like meningitis, but s rashSpread by large droplets, coughing,
sneezing, sharing glasses, water bottlesYou are most infectious 24 hrs before s/s
and 7 days after they appear3 antigenic types (A, B & C). Strain A has
two antigens; hemagglutinin (H) & neuraminidase (N)
50-85 % effective, CDC “guesses” which strain may be the strain of the year (Bases on past 3 years)
InfluenzaPresents like meningitis, but s rashSpread by large droplets, coughing,
sneezing, sharing glasses, water bottlesYou are most infectious 24 hrs before s/s
and 7 days after they appear3 antigenic types (A, B & C). Strain A has
two antigens; hemagglutinin (H) & neuraminidase (N)
50-85 % effective, CDC “guesses” which strain may be the strain of the year (Bases on past 3 years)
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Other Common VaccinesOther Common Vaccines
Influenza Amantadine – Covers type A Ramantidine – Covers type A & B Type C - Weak Meds: Relanza & Tamiflu
Who should get it? – asthma, chronic lung disease, CV disease, immune deficiency, old, young
Patient cannot play/practice if still have fever of 102°+
Influenza Amantadine – Covers type A Ramantidine – Covers type A & B Type C - Weak Meds: Relanza & Tamiflu
Who should get it? – asthma, chronic lung disease, CV disease, immune deficiency, old, young
Patient cannot play/practice if still have fever of 102°+
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Traveling??Traveling??
http://www.cdc.gov/travel/Follow info for your destinationBegin process earlyLearn about their food, water, &
insect protectionCommon concerns: Hepatitis A &
B, Japanese Encephalitis, Yellow fever, Malaria, Typhoid, Rabies
http://www.cdc.gov/travel/Follow info for your destinationBegin process earlyLearn about their food, water, &
insect protectionCommon concerns: Hepatitis A &
B, Japanese Encephalitis, Yellow fever, Malaria, Typhoid, Rabies
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Traveling???Traveling???
Plan for diarrhea E. Coli – usually form bad water supply
Malaria – transmitted by mosquito High fever, chills, sweats, HA, anemia Vaccine 2-3 days before you go
Tuberucolosis – To and from Asia, Africa Usually asymptomatic – auto-immune reaction Pulmonary, fever chills, wt loss, sweats, cough Have skin tested 1-2 months after returning Mantoux, PPD Test: Incarcerated, contact c confirmed case,
immigrants, CXR or s/s Tx: 9 month course of Isoniazid & Rifampin
Plan for diarrhea E. Coli – usually form bad water supply
Malaria – transmitted by mosquito High fever, chills, sweats, HA, anemia Vaccine 2-3 days before you go
Tuberucolosis – To and from Asia, Africa Usually asymptomatic – auto-immune reaction Pulmonary, fever chills, wt loss, sweats, cough Have skin tested 1-2 months after returning Mantoux, PPD Test: Incarcerated, contact c confirmed case,
immigrants, CXR or s/s Tx: 9 month course of Isoniazid & Rifampin
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SummarySummary
Protect yourself, especially when traveling
Keep record of your patients immunization records
Protect yourself, especially when traveling
Keep record of your patients immunization records