immigration 1815 - 1860 1815 – 1860 5 million europeans came to the u.s. 1815 – 1860 5 million...

Immigration 1815 - Immigration 1815 - 18601860

•1815 – 1860 5 million Europeans 1815 – 1860 5 million Europeans came to the U.S.came to the U.S.

•3 million came in one decade 1845 – 3 million came in one decade 1845 – 18541854•Largest immigration proportionate to Largest immigration proportionate to the total population in American Historythe total population in American History•IrishIrish were the most numerous were the most numerous immigrant group immigrant group •GermansGermans second second•Other groups include: England, Other groups include: England, Scotland, Whales, Norway, Sweden, Scotland, Whales, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and HollandSwitzerland, and Holland


•Expectations Expectations •Why did most immigrants come to the Why did most immigrants come to the U.S.U.S.

•Religious freedomReligious freedom•Mormons recruited in the slums of EnglandMormons recruited in the slums of England•Emigrants from Norway were Quakers fleeing Emigrants from Norway were Quakers fleeing persecutions by Lutheran clergypersecutions by Lutheran clergy•Largest numbers of immigrants had come to the Largest numbers of immigrants had come to the U.S. to better their economic situationU.S. to better their economic situation

•Many expected utopiaMany expected utopia•Travel to U.S. was terrifyingTravel to U.S. was terrifying•Farming in U.S. lacked the social aspects Farming in U.S. lacked the social aspects that European farmers were accustomed to that European farmers were accustomed to having. having.


•Expectations Expectations •Ports of departure were often used by Ports of departure were often used by custom. Each country would tend to use custom. Each country would tend to use one port more than another. Therefore, one port more than another. Therefore, immigrants entering the United States immigrants entering the United States would enter into the same port from the would enter into the same port from the same country most of the time.same country most of the time.

•Irish – New England, New York, Irish – New England, New York, Pennsylvania, New JerseyPennsylvania, New Jersey•Germans – New Orleans, but then settled in Germans – New Orleans, but then settled in the upper Mississippi and Ohio valleys, the upper Mississippi and Ohio valleys, (Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Missouri)(Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Missouri)•Settlement patterns characterized Settlement patterns characterized immigrantsimmigrants


•Expectations Expectations •Germans and Irish tended to Germans and Irish tended to concentrate in cities forgoing farmingconcentrate in cities forgoing farming•Cities need strong labor forcesCities need strong labor forces•Irish built the houses, new streets, and Irish built the houses, new streets, and aqueducts that were changing urban aqueducts that were changing urban AmericaAmerica•Irish also built canals and railroadsIrish also built canals and railroads

•Cities offered social aspect that Cities offered social aspect that farming lacked for the immigrantfarming lacked for the immigrant


•Expectations – The GermansExpectations – The Germans•Diverse groupDiverse group•Bavarians, Westphalians, or Saxons Bavarians, Westphalians, or Saxons rather than Germans.rather than Germans.•Could be Catholic, Protestant, most Could be Catholic, Protestant, most often Lutherans and Jews.often Lutherans and Jews.•Came from a wide range of social Came from a wide range of social classes and occupationsclasses and occupations•Mostly farmers, some were Mostly farmers, some were professionals, artisans, and trades professionals, artisans, and trades people.people.


•Expectations – The GermansExpectations – The Germans•Heinrich Steinweg – Henry Steinway Heinrich Steinweg – Henry Steinway

•Steinway pianosSteinway pianos•Levi Strauss – Levi’sLevi Strauss – Levi’s•Bound together by common Bound together by common languagelanguage•Stayed in German neighborhoodsStayed in German neighborhoods•Climbed social ladder in their on Climbed social ladder in their on ethnic communitiesethnic communities•Schools, volunteer organizations, Schools, volunteer organizations, newspapers, etcnewspapers, etc


•Expectations – The GermansExpectations – The Germans•Economic self-sufficiency conspired Economic self-sufficiency conspired with the strong bonds of their with the strong bonds of their language to encourage a clannish language to encourage a clannish psychology among the German psychology among the German immigrantsimmigrants•Americans admired industriousnessAmericans admired industriousness•Americans resented their economic Americans resented their economic successsuccess•Americans disdained their Americans disdained their clannishness.clannishness.

immigration 1815 - 1860 1815 – 1860 5 million europeans came to the u.s. 1815 – 1860 5 million...

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