imam ridha treatise

8/8/2019 Imam Ridha Treatise

1/7

tashayyu.org

Hadiths >Risalat al-Imam ar-Rida (as) fii Jawami` ash-Sharià

From Tuhuf al-Ùqul

:::.

It is narrated that al-Mamun sent al-Fadl b. Sahl, Dha r-Riyasatayn (possessor of two leading positions)to ar-Rida and he said to him: Verily I love that you summarize for me the halal and the haram,

and the faraid and the sunan, for verily you are the Proof of Allah upon His creation and the repositoryof knowledge. So ar-Rida called for an inkwell and paper, and he said to al-Fadl: Write:

.

By the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the MercifulEnough for us is the testimony that there is no god but Allah, unique, absolute; He did not take aspouse, or a child, self-subsisting, all-hearing, all-seeing, all-powerful, self-existing, everlasting, light, all-knowing not ignorant, able, not incapable, needless, not needy, just, not oppressing. He created

everything. There is nothing like unto Him. He has no likeness, no opposite, no peer, and no equal.

..

And that Muhammad is His servant, His messenger, His trustee and His select from His creation master of those sent, seal of the prophets, and the best of the worlds. There is no prophet after him, noreplacement of his creed and no alteration. And that all that Muhammad brought, verily itis the clear truth. We believe in him and in all of those who passed prior to him from the messengers ofAllah, His prophets and His hujaj(proofs, pl. of hujjah).

.]]."".....

We believe in His truthful book - falsehood does not come to it from before it nor from behind it; a

revelation from one wise, praised. (41:42) That it [His book] is dominant over all of the books. That it isthe truth from its opening to its conclusion. We believe in its muhkam (unequivocal, whose import isobvious) and its mutashabih (allegorical, ambiguous), its specific and its general, its promise and itsthreat, its abrogating (verses) and its abrogated, and its reports. Not one of the created beings is ableto bring its like.

Search this site

Page 1 of 7Risalat al-Imam ar-Rida (as) fii Jawami` ash-Sharià - tashayyu.org

2010-12-10http://www.tashayyu.org/hadiths/risalat-al-imam-ar-rida-as-fii-jawami-ash-sharia


2/7

..

..

And that the evidence and the proof after him upon the believers, the one in charge of the affairs of the

Muslims, the speaker about the Quran and the knower of its rules, is his brother, his successor, hislegatee and the one who was to him of the station of Harun to Musa, Àli b. Abi Talib , thecommander of the believers, the Imam of the God-fearing, the leader of the ghurar al-muhajjilin (havingwhiteness of the parts of wudu), the drone of the believers, and the best of the legatees after theprophets. After him (are) al-Hasan and al-Husayn , one after the other until this day of ours,the progeny of the Messenger, the most knowledgeable of them of the Book and the Sunna, the most just of them in law, and the most suited of them to Imamate in every age and time. And that they arethe firmest handle, the Imams of guidance, the Proof upon the people of the world, until Allah inheritsthe Earth and whoever is upon it, and He is the best of the inheritors. And that each of their antagonistsis misguided and misguiding, the abandoner of truth and guidance. And that they are ones who giveexpression to the Quran, the spokespersons of the Messenger through elucidation. Whoever dies anddoes not recognize them and does not give loyalty to them, by their names and the names of theirfathers, dies the death of Ignorance.

.

And that from their religion is piety, chastity, truthfulness, righteousness, diligence, the fulfillment oftrusts to the honest and the corrupt (alike), prolonging of prostration, rising by night, avoidance of theforbidden, waiting for the relief with patience, goodness of companionship, good neighborly relations,exertion in the good, refraining from harm, and delight of the face and advice and mercy for thebelievers.

.

:.:."." :.

The wudu is as Allah commanded in His book: washing of the face and the arms, and wiping of thehead and the feet once as an obligation, and twice as a proper observance. Whoever adds (to that)has sinned and is not rewarded. Nothing breaks the wudu but (breaking of the) wind, urination,defecation, sleep and janaba. Whoever wipes upon the khuffayn (footwear) has opposed Allah and HisMessenger and His Book, and his wudu is not summarized (i.e. completed) for him. And that isbecause Àli opposed the group in the wiping upon the khuffayn. So Ùmar said to him: I saw

the Prophet wiping. So Àli said: Prior to the revelation of Sura al-Maida or afterit? He said: I do not know. Àli said: But I know that the Messenger of Allah didnot wipe upon his khuffayn since Sura al-Maida was revealed.

..........

Ghusl of janaba, (of) nocturnal emission, and menstruation, and the ghusl of someone who gives ghuslto the deceased are fard (obligatory). The ghusl of the day of jumà, of the two èids, of entrance toMakka and Madina, the ghusl of ziyara, the ghusl of ihram, the ghusl of the day of Àrafa, of the firstnight of the month of Ramadan, of its nineteenth night, of the twenty first, and of its twenty third are

sunna.




3/7

....:-:...-

.......

.

The farida (mandatory) salat are: zhuhr four rakàt, àsr four rakàt, maghrib three rakàt, the finalìsha four rakàt, and fajr two rakàt. So that is seventeen rakàt. The sunna is thirty four rakàt: ofthem eight are before zhuhr, eight are after it, four are after maghrib, two rakàt while sitting after thefinal ìsha counting as one and eight are in the early morning, the witr three rakàt, and two rakàtafter the witr. Salat is (preferable) at the onset of the times. The superiority of jamaà over individual(prayer) is two thousand rakàt for every rakàt. Do not pray behind a transgressor, and do not followbut the people of walayat. Do not pray in the hides of carrion, or the hides of predators. Shortening (i.e.of prayers) is in fourfarasikh (parasangs, pl. of farsakh) a barid(distance traversed by the vehicle oranimal being ridden) going and a barid coming (back) twelve miles. When you shorten, you breakyour fast. The qunut is in four prayers: in the morning (i.e. fajr), maghrib, the darkening (i.e. ìsha), theday of jumà, and the salat of zhuhr. Every qunut is prior to the ruku` and after the qiraat. The prayer

upon the deceased is (with) five takbirat, and there is no taslim in the prayer of the deceased, for thetaslim is in the ruku` and sujud, and there is neither ruku` nor sujud in the funeral prayer. The grave ofthe deceased is squared and not raised. Jahr(saying aloud) with bismillahi r-rahmani r-raheem is inthe salat with the Fatiha of the Book.

...

...:.

.

The mandated zakat is five dirhams in every two hundred dirhams, and it is not obligatory in what is lessthan that. And in what is increased (from that) is a dirham in every forty dirhams, and nothing isobligatory in what is less than the forties (meaning it would still be one dirham if the amount over twohundred was anywhere between forty and seventy nine). It is not obligatory until the year has elapsed.Do not give but (to) the people of walayat and ma`rifa. For every twenty dinars it is half a dinar. Thefifth (al-khums) is once from all of the property, and the tenth is from wheat and barley and dates andraisins. When anything that comes out from the earth, of the grains, reaches five awsaq, then in it is thetenth if it is irrigated by running water (e.g. rivers). And if it is irrigated by a water-wheel then in it is thefifth (lit. half of the tenth) for the insolvent and the well-to-do (alike). A handful and two handfuls aretaken out from the grains, for Allah does not task a soul but to its ability and He does not task a servantabove his capability. The wasq is sixty sa` and the sa` is six artal(pl. of ritl/ratl) and it is fouramdad(pl.of mudd). The muddis two rotls and a quarter, by the Ìraqi rotl. As-Sadiq said: It is nine Iraqi

artaland six Madani artal.

...

The zakat of fitr is a farida upon every head, (whether) young or old, (or) free or slave from wheat, halfa sa` and from dates and raisins, a sa`. It is not permissible to give (it) to other than the people ofwilaya, for it is a farida.

...




4/7

The maximum (limit) of menstruation (al-hayd) is ten days and its minimum (limit) is three days. Themustahada does ghusl and prays. The haid leaves off salat and does not do qada, and leaves offfasting and does qada of it.

.: "...

."

The month of Ramadan is fasted by its (i.e. the new crescents) sighting, and (its fast) is broken by itssighting (i.e. èid is celebrated by its sighting). The tarawih is not permissible in jamaà. The fast ofthree days in every month is a sunna a day in every ten days the fifth (day) of the first ten, the fourth(day) from the middle ten, and the fifth (day) from the last ten. The fasting of Sha`ban is good, and it issunna. The Messenger of Allah said: Sha`ban is my month and the month of Ramadan isthe month of Allah. If you do the qada of the missed (fasts) of the month of Ramadan separately it isbetter for you (lit. more sufficing of you) (i.e. not in the days of these recommended fasts).

...": ".

The hajj of the House is (an obligation on) whoever is able to (find) a way to it, and the way is provisionand a riding camel (fem.). The hajj is not permitted but as tamattu` (joined with ùmra) and the ifradandthe qiran that the Àamma know are not permitted. The ihram apart from (donning at) the miqat is notpermitted. Allah said, And complete the hajj and the ùmra for Allah (2:196). The castrate (i.e. as thesacrificial animal) is not permitted in the rite, for it is deficient. The mawju(an animal whose testicleshave been bruised to have the same effect as castration) is permitted.

.

...

Jihad is with a just Imam. Whoever fights and is slain in defence of his property, his baggage (or,saddle) and his self, he is a martyr. And it is not allowed to kill (any) one of the kuffar in the realm oftaqiyya except for a murderer or an aggressor and that is when you had not been fearful for your ownlife (i.e. for your own safety), and (it is) not (allowed) to consume the properties of the people from theopponents and those beside them. And taqiyya in the realm of taqiyya is obligatory. And there is noperjury upon the one who would takes an oath in taqiyya, to repel oppression from himself thereby.

...

".: "

Divorce by the sunna is (only valid) as per what Allah mentioned and the Sunna of His prophet . Divorce is not (valid) through other than the Sunna. Every divorce that opposes the Book

is not a divorce. Every marriage that opposes the Sunna is not a marriage. More than four freewomenare not combined. When the wife is divorced three times for (i.e. by) the Sunna, she is not allowed forhim until she marries a husband other than him. Amir al-Mumineen said: Beware the thricedivorced women for verily they are married.

.

The prayer upon the Prophet is in every place: with winds, sneezing, and other than that.




5/7

.

Love of the awliya (pl. of wali) of Allah and their awliya, and hatred of His enemies and baraat fromthem and from their Imams.

*: ":" :"".:

Goodness towards parents. If they are mushriks, do not obey them. Befriend them in the world in agood manner, for Allah says Give thanks to Me and to your parents; to Me is the homecoming. But ifthey strive with you to make you associate with Me that whereof you have no knowledge, then do notobey them(31:14-15). Amir al-Mumineen said: They do not fast for them nor do they pray tothem rather they commanded them to the disobedience of Allah and they obeyed them. Then he said: Iheard the Messenger of Allah say: Whoever obeys a creation in disobedience to Allah

. has done kufr and taken a god apart from Allah

.

The legal slaughter of the fetus is the legal slaughter of its mother.

.

The minor sins of the prophets are granted to them due to prophethood.

..

The faraid(apportioned inheritances) are as per what Allah commanded, there is no reduction (àwl) it,and none inherits along with the parents and the child except for the husband and the wife. The ownerof the share has a greater right than one who has no share. And àsabah is not from the religion ofAllah.

....

The àqiqa for the newborn, male and female, is on the seventh day. Its head is shaven on the seventhday. It is named on the seventh day. And charity is given by the weight of its hair in gold or silver on theseventh day.

.."". "" :

..

And that the acts of the servants are created a creation of measure (khalq taqdir), not a creation of




6/7

bringing into being (khalq takwin). Do not profess compulsion (al-jabr) or delegation (at-tafwid). Allah does not bring the innocent to account for the offense of the sick (at heart), and Allah does notpunish the sons and the children for the sins of the fathers. Verily He said, And no bearer shall bearthe burden of another (6:164 et al), And that man shall not have save what he strives for(53:40).Allah forgives and does not wrong. Allah does not oblige obedience upon the servants towards onewho He knows will oppress them and lead them astray. He does not choose for His message or selectfrom His servants one who He knows will do kufr and worship the Shaytan apart from Him.

.....

.....

.

And that Islam is different from Iman. Every believer (mumin) is a Muslim but not every Muslim is abeliever. The thief does not steal while he steals and (yet) remain a believer. The drunkard does notdrink while he is drinking wine and (yet) remain a believer. One does not kill the soul which Allah hasforbidden unjustly and (still) be a believer. The people of the hudud (legal punishments) are neither

believers nor unbelievers (kafirin). And that Allah will not make a believer enter into the Fire while Hehas promised him the Garden and immortality in it. For whomsoever the Fire has been made obligatorydue to hypocrisy or corruption or a great sin from the greater sins is neither raised with the believers noris from among them. Hell will not encompass but the kafirin. Every sin which necessitates its master tobe made to enter the Fire then he is a fasiq (? error in print?) whoever does shirk or kufr or commitshypocrisy or comes with a great sin from the greater sins. Intercession is a reward for the ones seekingintercession. Commanding to the good and prohibiting evil by the tongue is obligatory.

..

Faith (al-iman) is the fulfillment of the obligations and avoidance of the prohibitions. And faith isrecognition by the heart, affirmation by the tongue, and action as per the basic principles.

.

Takbir in the (`eid of) adha follows after ten salawat (prayers), beginning from the salat of zhuhr of theday of the slaughtering, and in the (`eid of) fitr after five salawat beginning with the salat of maghrib fromthe eve of fitr.

.

The nafsa (women undergoing nifas, i.e. post-partum bleeding, lochia) sits (i.e. refrains from salat) fortwenty days, no more than it. So if she becomes pure prior to that she prays, otherwise (she observes)upto twenty days. Then she does ghusl and prays and acts with the act of the mustahada.

.............

The punishment of the grave is believed in, and Munkar and Nakir, the resurrection after death, theaccounting, the scales and the bridge, baraat from the Imams of misguidance and their followers, giving




7/7

Sign in Recent Site Activity Terms Report Abuse Print page | Powered by Google Sites

walaya to the awliya of Allah, the forbiddance of wine (al-khamr), whether a little of it or a lot, and everyintoxicant is khamr and all whose excess intoxicates, then a little of it (also) is haram, and the one whois in a state of necessity (compelled) should not drink wine (either), for it will kill him, and theforbiddance of every possessor of fang from the predators and every possessor of talon from the birds,the forbiddance of the spleen for it is blood, and the catfish, the floater (i.e. a dead fish floating onwater), the moray eel, the zamir (?) and everything that does not have scales, from the birds thosewhich do not have a gizzard, and from the eggs all of whose ends vary, then its eating is halal and all of

whose ends are even, then its eating is haram.

.........

..............

And avoidance of the major sins, and they are: killing the soul which Allah has forbidden, drinking wine,filial impiety, fleeing from the battlefield, consuming the property of orphans unjustly, eating carrion,blood, flesh of swine, and whatever has been consecrated in the name of other than Allah

unnecessarily, consuming usury and ill-gotten gains after the evidence, gambling, lowering in the scaleand measure (i.e. cheating), slandering the chaste women, fornication, sodomy, perjury, despairing of(receiving) the comfort of Allah, security from the stratagem of Allah, despondency from the mercy ofAllah, aiding the oppressors and relying on them, the false oath, the repression of rights despite being inease, arrogance, kufr, wastefulness, extravagance, cheating/betrayal, concealment of testimony, theamusements that indispose one from the remembrance of Allah such as singing (al-ghina) and thestriking of chords/strings (guitars etc), and persistence on the minor (ones) from the sins.

..

So these are the roots of religion. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah bless HisProphet and his family, and salute (him) with a becoming salutation (of peace).


imam ridha treatise

Documents