image sensors: real device implementations
DESCRIPTION
image sensors: real device implementations. 1. my favorite (but now old) CCD …. 3. Kodak KAF-400 CCD specs. must mean for 1/20 second exposure time. 4. pixel size, signal, & signal-to-noise. charge accumulates at a rate proportion to light intensity per unit area of pixel - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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[email protected] 16722 We:20090304 image sensors 193+33
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Kodak KAF-400 CCD specs
must mean for1/20 secondexposure time
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[email protected] 16722 We:20090304 image sensors 193+55
pixel size, signal, & signal-to-noise
charge accumulates at a rate proportion to light intensity per unit area of pixel capacitance is proportional to pixel area so for a given light intensity, exposure time, and cell depth, the signal voltage (accumulated charge / cell capacitance)is independent of cell area but signal-to-noise improves with larger accumulated charge, hence with cell area
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additional reading
in our AFS readings directory: SENSORS02_05-image_sensors.pdf
apparently from somebody’s course encompasses biological and electronic systems I found it on the web I don’t remember where & can’t find it again …
sensorsCaptureAttention.pdf comprehensive article on CMOS image sensors
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other (not CCD) kinds of modern image sensors
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CID: charge injection device• CCDs are inherently serial readout: no way to address an individual pixel
• could realize better dynamic range, electronic zooming, etc., if could address individual pixels
• CID has been promising “around the corner” possibility for ~20 years
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CMOS image sensors• uses sametechnology asstandard memorychips• economical:uses highly-tunedhigh-volumeproduction• allows highdegree ofintegrationbetween imagingand imageprocessing
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Foveon: color-film in silicon
(with lots of material processing compromises to achieve correct filtering and decent transmission)
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special purposehybrid devices
e.g., “night vision”,“image intensifiers”
etc
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X-ray image intensifier
similar hybrid methods used in “night vision scopes” (Russian cheap)