image processing occupancy sensor (ipos)e3tnw.org/documents/ipos presentation.pdf · commonly used...

E m e r g i n g Te c h n o l o g i e s S h o w c a s e September 19, 2012

E3T Energy

Efficiency

Emerging Technologies

Image Processing Occupancy Sensor

(IPOS)

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http://www.e3tnw.org/

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E m e r g i n g T e c h n o l o g i e s S h o w c a s e

Mira Vowles, Bonneville Power Administration

Luigi Gentile Polese, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

September 19, 2012 S p o n s o r e d b y B P A ’ s E 3 T P r o g r a m

E3T Energy

Efficiency


Image Processing Occupancy Sensor

(IPOS)

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Efficiency


IPOS Showcase Overview

Occupancy sensor history

Why IPOS?

What is IPOS?

Benefits

Issues

State of the technology

NREL Project

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Efficiency


Occupancy Sensor History

Required by code

Based on security technology • Relies on motion

• NEMA WD 7-2000 test protocol

2012 IECC will require: • More occupancy sensors

• Vacancy

• Bi-level control

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Efficiency


Occupancy Sensor Overview

Occupancy sensor technologies • Passive infrared (PIR)

• Ultrasonic

• Microwave

Strategies • Sensitivity and time delay adjustments

• Combination

• Vacancy

• Bi-level control

Beyond lighting control

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Why IPOS?

Source: Rab Lighting

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Efficiency


What is IPOS?

Camera, hardware and software

Occupancy algorithms • Face recognition

• Adaptive control

Stand-alone or integrated

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Efficiency


IPOS Benefits

Demonstrated energy savings

Promises

• Competitive pricing

• Better occupancy detection

• Larger control areas

• Intelligent adaptive-control

• HVAC savings

• Better demand response integration

• Other potential benefits

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Efficiency


IPOS Regional Benefits

Expected Value to Pacific Northwest

32.7 aMW potential to offset load growth

$149 million cost savings

Ancillary service potential

Based on:

6th Power Plan

Incremental generation cost ($52 per MWh)

Energy savings over the effective life

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Efficiency


IPOS Issues

Promising, but unproven....

Are IPOS products reliable?

What are the energy savings?

How can savings be measured and verified?

What are good applications?

Is IPOS cost effective?

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Efficiency


State of Technology

Near-Term IPOS Products

Lighting Science Group video-IPOS

• October 2012 low-bay parking (Type V) pole-mount fixture

~$100 additional cost

• November 2012 pole mount and wall pack

NREL’s IPOS

Other?

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Efficiency


NREL IPOS Project

BPA Technology Innovation Project • Projects meet Roadmap gaps or focus areas

http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/business/innovation/docs/2012/TechInnovatonRDPortfolio.pdf

• 50% cost share

• Annual spring solicitation https://www.bpa.gov/secure/TIFO/Default.aspx

IPOS project brief • http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/business/innovatio

n/docs/2012/TIP_247_Project_Brief.pdf



https://www.bpa.gov/secure/TIFO/Default.aspx

http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/business/innovation/docs/2012/TIP_247_Project_Brief.pdf

http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/business/innovation/docs/2012/TIP_247_Project_Brief.pdf

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NREL Project

Background and Goals

Technology

Results and Performance

Current/Future Research

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NREL IPOS Project

Investigate an alternative approach to the infrared or ultrasound sensor

Potentially more robust

Prospect of advanced features not possible with conventional technology

Credit : Anthony Florita (NREL) Credit : Luigi Gentile Polese (NREL)

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Efficiency


NREL IPOS Project

Robust hardware/software prototype using image processing technology to:

• Identify occupancy regardless of motion (eliminate false positives/negatives)

• Classify occupancy by capturing additional information about a scene (such as number and position of occupants and activity level)

• Communicate with BAS and EMS using a standardized protocol (BACnet)

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NREL IPOS Project

Commonly used motion detectors are only surrogates for occupancy measurement

Image processing to identify occupancy

Commodity hardware produced for cell phone industry • Small form factor

• Low cost

• Low power consumption

Built with open source software

(computer vision libraries, BACnet)

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Credit : Larry Brackney (NREL)

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NREL IPOS Project

Image processing can provide a more robust solution and a richer set of feedback

• Multiple detection methods

• Number of occupants

• Location estimation

• Activity level

• Luminance

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NREL IPOS Project

Single sensor

• Provides multiple functions

• Covers a larger area than current technologies

• Cost effectiveness through sensors reduction

• Potential for security integration

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NREL IPOS Project

Motion People

Faces Luminance


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IPOS Hardware

Credit : Luigi Gentile Polese (NREL)

Credit : Michael Sheppy (NREL)

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IPOS Software Architecture


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IPOS EMS Prototyping System

Demonstrated BACnet integration

Potential to be 20% more accurate than conventional sensors in initial testing

Adaptive Time Delay – better energy efficiency

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IPOS EMS Prototyping System


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IPOS Test Session



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Motion Detection

Credit : Alex Swindler (NREL)

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Face and People Detection

Credit : George Brunemann (NgEK, Inc.)

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Credit : George Brunemann (NgEK, Inc.)



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Composite Occupancy Determination


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Preliminary Performance Comparison

IPOS detection over a four-hour period compared with two commercially available PIR occupancy sensors


PIR 1

PIR 2

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Preliminary Performance Comparison

IPOS compared with two commercially available PIR occupancy sensors

Occupant standing still Processing time lag Quickly moving subject


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Recent Activities

Detection robustness improvements

More reliable people and face detection

Count occupants and give positions


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Recent Activities

Luminance level assessment

Activity level classification

Full-spectrum sensor camera


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Planned/Future Activities

Source: NREL PIX 15439

Source: NREL PIX 14840

Field test deployment

Industry collaborations — technology licensing

Multizone image segmentation and control

Recommended future work

HVAC and demand control ventilation controls

Building security systems integration — hardware reuse

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Efficiency


Questions?

Luigi Gentile Polese, NREL

[email protected]

Mira Vowles, BPA

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

E3T Energy

Efficiency


Next Webinar

Emerging Technologies Showcase

National Energy Efficiency Technology Roadmap

Wednesday, October 24, 2012

12:00 noon to 1:00 p.m. Pacific time

More information about emerging technologies:

E3T database: www.E3Tnw.org

E3T Program: www.bpa.gov/energy/n/emerging_technology/

Conduit: www.ConduitNW.org

image processing occupancy sensor (ipos)e3tnw.org/documents/ipos presentation.pdf · commonly used...

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