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INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS

COPY RIGHT © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research

490

MAY 2013

VOL 5, NO 1

PROBLEMS FACED BY WORKING WOMEN IN BANKING SECTOR

OF BAHAWALPUR

Abdul Moeed Abid (Corresponding Author)

Department of Management Sciences, Virtual University of Pakistan

Abdul Jabbar

AVP National Bank of Pakistan

Regional Office Bahawalpur

Ambreen Sarwar

MSBA Student --- Department of Management Sciences, Virtual University of Pakistan

Naveed Akhtar

Instructor --- (Govt. College of Commerce Ahmedpur East,Bahawalpur-Pakistan) Javed Iqbal

Instructor --- (Govt. Sadiq College of Commerce Bahawalpur-Pakistan)

Abstract

Banking sector is the back bone for the economical development of any country and working

women, being a considerable part of the society, also played a vital role in the smooth run of

banking sector. Our focus in this research is on the “Problems faced by working women in

the Banking Sector of Bahawalpur”. In this research, We observed that Parents are supportive

to send their daughter in banking sector but other relative and Moral Values of the Society is

creating problem for working women which is causing non-supportive attitude of husband of

working married women. Majority of the respondent are agreed on the point that married

women are facing more problem than unmarried women although the children of married are

not neglected but husband attitude remain non-supportive. Most of the respondents are

satisfied with salary structure but they are not satisfied with the promotional system in the

banking sector as they believe the basis of promotion is favoritism. With all these problem

though, The research concludes that the Banking Sector of Bahawalpur is considered to be a

very good sector for female workers as more than 80% respondent are agreed for this sector

should be adopted by female workers.

Keywords: Working Women, Banking Sector, Bahawalpur, Problems faced by working

women

1. Introduction

To find the problem faced by any community, the most efficient method is to conduct

research. Research is not only the way of finding the problems but also provide the various

direction to find the solution of that particular problem, as this research revolves around the

problem faced by women in the banking sector. Banking sector is the most attractive sector in

the Bahawalpur chosen by the women because office jobs consider more suitable for women

workers. So, The Research Team conducts an exploratory empirical research for this topic. A

questionnaire is design to get the data from the respondent and try to reach the conclusion on

the basis of primary data collected.

2. Problem Statement

What are Problems which are faced by working women in the Banking Sector of both type of

Banks, Government and Private. Problems regarding their personal life and their professional

life.

mailto:[email protected]

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2.1 Purpose of Research

Find the Problems faced by Women in Banking Sector (Govt. and Private)

Impact of Job in Bank on professional women’s Professional and Personal life

problem

3. Literature Review

(Hyder, 2009) In the issue of “Women & Economy” Ms. Bushra Hyder explained the

importance of women work and its vital role in Economic Development of society. Although

the contribution of women worker are neglected mostly and rarely accepted. Persuading a

career out of home does not normally find encouraging responses. It’s a general perception

that working outside the home for earning money is considered men’s domain and earning of

women is taken as a disgrace due to cultural and social moral value and other factors. She

explained

“Working women face harassments, sexual advances,

psychological pressure annoying behavior of the society and

employer are the different types of problem that working women

has to face”

(Dr. Rajinderpal Kaur Sidhu) It is an open truth that working women have to face problems

just by virtue of their being a woman. In today era, Women wish to contribute in their dream

career but it is also fact that life is not a bed of roses for women workers in their career

selection and development. Further, problems of working women are may be less than

conflict arises with the working mother. Dual demand, from work and from home makes it

difficult for working women to perform well. Due to busy and expensive life, now scenario

been changed, both, the husband and wife work towards creating a balance with their work

life as well as at home with their children. But for mother, she has to play multiple roles for

her children like cooking and nursing and other as well efficient employee for a boss in

workplace. Such over burden cause stressed and anxious for working women which cause

family becomes non-supportive.

(Huagui Zhu, 2012) “Female Employees face problems like work place harassment, gender

inequality, pick and drop facility, inflexible timings, lack of maternity leaves and social

limits.” Such problems can be resolved but the need is that he Government organization

addresses these problems seriously in order to create the better working environment and

bring efficiency and productivity of employees. Gender discrimination exists in almost entire

country and possibly its worst form exists in remotest and isolated parts of Pakistan. Physical

and psychological growth, mental and emotional health and psychological well being of the

women seems to be influenced by discriminatory attitudes, which tend to project this

authoritarian manner in all spheres of women’s life.

(kumari, 2012) Kumari said

“Women have been regarded as the nuclei of nation and builder

and molder of its destiny. It is fact that when there is development

of women, family develops, the society develops and the country

develops”

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Being a very important part of the society, now women are the most important part of

economic development too. Women workers are working for economy and also generate

employment opportunities for other and playing their role in improving the living standard of

their families.

With the economic development, now, women must enhancement the family income by the

use of their potential, abilities and skills. But it is a fact that women are more victims of

social discrimination and unfairness. Female workers are considered to be weak, passive and

dependent on others.

(P. ASHOK KUMAR, 2012) Growth in the banking sector is phenomenal. This growth is

brining the opportunities for employment too with increasing ratio for education youth and

nation. Like male worker, women job-seekers are also in the competition, they also try to find

jobs in banking sector and office jobs are considered to be more attractive for working

women. Banking sector also not de-motivating the women workers to join banking sector but

Banks welcomed their entry because women have certain innate traits which fit in with the

job requirements. But with the employment, certain problem have to be faced by working

women as a number of working women in banking sector, either in private or public, have to

go far from their families due to job placement. Married women having more problems, they

thought of attending to new born baby, toddlers, children returning from school and other

domestic obligations creates problem for them. As in the Banking sector, workers like

cashier, teller, accountant, loan officer, FOREX officer, assistant branch manager etc cannot

leave the bank without tallying the account and it cause delay at workplace, this is not

normally easy for women workers, the family members of female workers suffer more and

they concerned experience more mental stress than the male counterparts which have an

adverse effect on the psychological health of the women executives.

4. Research Design

In this exploratory empirical research, data is collected by questionnaire from 300

respondents from the different Banks of Bahawalpur including Private and Government

Banks and try to find out the problem faced by Women workers in banking sector. In the

questionnaire, we try to cover the problems of both aspect of life, problems in professional

life as well as of personal life. Further, we try to explore the problem of different marital

status respondent to have complete idea regarding the problems and their causes.

3.1 Exploratory Research Design:

In this exploratory research, we collect Primary data through interviews of female staff in the

both types of banking organizations (Government and Private) and record the data on the

questionnaire.

3.4 Hypothesis:

1. H0 =There is a problem for professional women in Banking sector.

H1 = There is no problem for professional women in Banking sector.

2. H0 = Problems are not created by Parents and other Relatives.

H1 = Problems are created by the Parents and other Relatives.

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3. H0= Problems of unmarried woman are not more complex.

H1=problems of unmarried women are more complex.

4. H0 = In-laws attitude of married women worker does not creates problem for

professional women.

H1 = In-laws attitude of married women worker creates problem for professional women.

5. H0 = Children’s of working women are not highly ignored.

H1 = Children of working women are highly ignored.

6. H0 = Problems are not created by social factors.

H1 = Problems are created by social factors.

7. H0=problems are not created by male management.

H1= Problems are created by male management.

8. H0 = Low salary is not a major problem.

H1 = Low salary is a major problem.

9. H0 = Favoritism is not the problem in promotion.

H1 = Favoritism is the problem in promotion.

10. H0=Banking sector of Bahawalpur is not suitable for female Workers

H1= Banking sector of Bahawalpur is suitable for female workers.

3.2 Confirmation Process

Confirmation of Hypothesis is prepared after the data analysis on the basis of data collected

which makes us able to prepare the recommendations.

5. Data Analysis

“Respondents Data Result” Table and Pi-Charts of the results makes us available to reach

these facts. Among 300 female majority of respondent are between the age of 18 to 25 and

majority of the total respondent having 3 to 10 years 0f professional experience in banking

field which can be observed from Figure 1 and Figure 2. Majority of the respondents are

serving in government banking sectors as shown in the figure 3. Among these 300

respondent, 46% replied that they have some problem while working in banking sector while

36% response that there are a lot of problem for women in banking sector. With this result,

Figure 5 is showing that problems are not caused by parents, 73% of respondent says that

parents are supportive, and 27% claim that parent’s attitude are not supportive toward

sending the daughters in banking sector. Figure 6 Showing that 46% working women in

banking sector of Bahawalpur facing problem from the relatives in family while remaining

56% having no problem caused by relatives in family. According to figure 7, 91% women

joining the bank because of their personal interest while 9% having financial problems due to

which they are working in banking sector of Bahawalpur. Figure 8 showing that 45% of

women are married from which 50% thinks that married women facing more problem than

unmarried women (Figure 9).

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Figure 10 illustrate the fact that among married women, 83% working women are facing

non-supportive attitude from their husbands. Half of the respondents think that children of

working women in banking sector of Bahawalpur are not neglected or neglected in some

certain cases, while 17% saying absolutely no to neglect the children and 33% says yes the

children are neglected in this section (Figure 11). In the matter of attitude from In-laws 84%

respondents have positive attitude while remaining are facing conservative, however, the

ratio of negative attitude is not exist in our sample size. In the matter of moral values for

working women, 36% working women in baking sector think that it is a big hurdle in their

way, while 37% are saying no, and 27% are replying that in some extent moral values are

hurdle for working women in the banking sector (Figure 13). Transportation problem

however not much exist in Bahawalpur for working women in Banking Sector as 73% of

working women are not facing any problem in transportation while 27% facing this problem

as shown in Fig-14. As far as Salary and incentive problem, majority of respondents are

satisfied with pay scale and incentives just 9% says they are not satisfied with the salary and

incentives (fig 15). On the question of Gender Diversification in Banking Sector, 36%

working women in banking sector says that they are facing problem while working with male

staff while 27% are facing no problem at all and 37% says to some extent problem occurs for

them (Fig 16). More than half of the respondents thing that the management should be

combined (males and female management) while 18% thinks male management is better and

27% are agreeing on female management is better (Fig 17). A considerable percentage of

respondents think that promotion and scaling in the banking sector is on the basis of

favoritism while 27% are in the favor of low qualification causing weak promotion (Fig 18).

For female workers, 73% of working women says banking sector is a good sector, 18%

consider it as an excellent while 9% says its bad sector for working women (Fig 19). It is

abstracted from the responses, that Time management is big problem for working women of

banking sector in Bahawalpur as 82% saying that they are facing problem in time

management between personal and professional matters while 18% do not take it as a big

problem for working women in banking sector.

6. Conclusion

This research revolves around the topic “Problem faced by working women in Banking

Sector”. Research includes primary data collection techniques (Questionnaire and Interviews)

from various female workers in the banking sector including Government and private.

After analyzing the data carefully, the following conclusions are drawn by research team:

Majority of the respondents lie between the age of 18 – 25 and are from government banking

sector having 3 – 10 years of professional experience. From the data analysis it is concluded

that in banking sector working women having a few problem and facing supportive attitude

from their parents who encourage their daughter to join banking sector. However, Problems

are created by relative in the family instead of parents. It is observed that there are

comparatively more unmarried female staff than married female staff but the difference is not

too much and majority of the married female staff faced problem more than unmarried.

Although the results showing that Children of working women in banking sector are not

neglected too much but problem is causing due to non-supportive attitude of the husband

toward their work and due to social setup for working females. Majority of the women

worker are satisfied with salary structure but promotion and scaling system is not satisfactory

as it includes favoritism. With all this, Working women in banking sector consider this

profession as a very good sector for female staff in order to work for the nation to play their

role in shaping a strong economy as well as Country.

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After Conclusion some recommendation are evolved by the research team to minimize the

problems that is faced by working women in banking sector of Bahawalpur.

7. Recommendation

After the research conclusion, the problems are clear which are faced by working women in

banking sector. Research team is recommending some steps that should be taken for

overcoming these problems.

As parents attitudes is supportive but relatives are creating problem, so, Parents of working

women should communicate other relative and society in order to build the trust regarding the

transparency of this sector.

The second problem is the promotion system in banking sector which is based on favoritism,

there should be pure system and transparent system introduce either by Government or by

State Bank for promotion of the employee whether on the basis of performance or education.

8. Limitation

Being a research team, we put our best efforts for this study, however some limitation are still

exist in this study which are as follows.

Banking sector is now expanded a lot in Bahawalpur, but this study is more focused on

government banks. Further, distribution of the banking sector can in two ways, government

and private OR Conventional and Islamic Banking. This study does not cover all the classes

of the banking system and should be expanded to other class of banking too in future. In this

research, Majority of the respondents are in between the experience of 1 to 10 and ages of 18

to 40. Executive level responses are not included in this research that should have been the

part of the future researches.

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References Dr. Rajinderpal Kaur Sidhu, D. J. (n.d.). Problems Faced by Working Women. Retrieved may 12,

2013, from http://www.wscpedia.org:

http://www.wscpedia.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=92:..

Huagui Zhu, H. G. (2012). Challenges and risks faced by the working women in government

organizations. African Journal of Business Management .

Hyder, B. (2009, October 06). SGGI Working Group on ‘Women & Economy’ holds its 4th

Roundtable. Retrieved May 12, 2012, from http://www.ips.org.pk: http://www.ips.org.pk/whats-

new/sggi/1139-difficulties-faced-by-working-women.html

kumari, L. (2012). Study of Socio Economic, Self Confidence and Problems Faced By Working

Women. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (JHSS) , 47-50.

P. ASHOK KUMAR, K. S. (2012). PROBLEMS FACED BY WOMEN EXECUTIVES WORKING

IN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN PUDUCHERRY. International Journal of Marketing, Financial

Services & Management Research

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Annexure

Respondents Data Result

Variables Limits Frequency Percentage Cumulative percent

Age 18-25 134 44.7 44.7

26-40 100 33.3 78

Above 40 66 22 100

Total 300 100

Experience <3 Years 81 27 27

3-10 Years 165 55 82

>10 Years 54 18 100

Total 300 100

Sector Government 218 72.7 72.7

Private 82 27.3 100

Total 300 100

Questionnaire Results

Question Options Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

1. Do you think that

there are problems for

women in Banking

sector?

Few 55 18.3 18.3

Some 136 45.3 63.6

A lot 109 36.4 100

Total 300 100

2. Parent’s attitude

towards their daughters

to join Banking sector?

Supportive 218 72.7 72.7

Not

Supportive

82 27.3 100

Total 300 100

3. Certain relatives

within the family create

problems?

Yes 136 45.3 45.3

No 136 45.3 90.6

Not Much 28 9.4 99.9

Total 300 100

4. Why did you join this

job?

Personal

Interest

272 90.7 90.7

Financial

Problem

28 9.3 100

Total 300 100

5. Are you married? Yes 136 45.3 45.3

No 164 54.7 100

Total 300 100

Highlighted Area is showing the response of Married Candidates only with Valid Percentage

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Question Options Frequency Valid

Percentage

Cumulative Percentage

6. Do you think married

women faces more

problems than

unmarried women?

Yes 68 50 50

Not Much 45 33.1 83.1

no 23 16.9 100

Total 136 100

Not

Applicable

164

Grand Total 300

7. Husband’s behavior

towards working

women is

Supportive 23 16.9 16.9

Non

Supportive

113 83.1 100

Total 136 100

Not

Applicable

164

Grand Total 300

8. Children’s of

professional women are

usually neglected?

Yes 45 33.1 33.1

No 23 16.9 50

In some Case 68 50 100

Total 136 100

Not

Applicable

164

Grand Total 300

9. As a working women

what is the attitude of

your in-laws towards

you?

Positive 114 83.8 83.8

Negative 0 0 83.8

Conservative 22 16.2 100

Total 136 100

Not

Applicable

164

Grand Total 300

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Question Options Frequency Percentage Cumulative Percentage

10. Are the moral values

of the society a big

hurdle in your way?

Yes 109 36.3 36.3

No 110 36.7 73

To Some

Extent

81 27 100

Total 300 100

11. Do you think that

there are transportation

problems for you?

No Problem 218 72.7 72.7

Few Problem 0 72.7

Many

Problem

82 27.3 100

Total 300 100

12. As far as your

salaries and incentives

are concerned are you?

Satisfied 273 91 91

Not Satisfied 27 9 100

Total 300 100

13. Female Bankers face

many problems while

working with male

staff?

TRUE 109 36.3 36.3

FALSE 81 27 63.3

To Some

Extent

110 36.7 100

Total 300 100

14. Which management

is better for female

staff?

Male

Management

54 18 18

Female

Management

81 27 45

Combined

Management

165 55 100

Total 300 100

15. What are the causes

of weak promotion and

scaling system of

Banking institutions?

Low

Qualification

110 36.7 36.7

Favoritism 190 63.3 100

Total 300 100

16. What do you think

about Banking sector of

Bahawalpur for female

Workers?

Excellent 54 18 18

Good 219 73 91

Bad 27 9 100

Worst 0

Total 300 100

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17. Do you face

problems in managing

time between personal

& professional matters?

Yes 246 82 82

No 54 18 100

Total 300 100

Graphical Representation of Data Collected from Despondence

(Figure 4)

Problems for Women in Banking Sector

(Figure 5)

Parent’s attitude towards their daughters to join Banking

sector

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(Figure 6)

Certain relatives within the family create

problems?

(Figure 7)

Reason for joining banking sector

(Figure 8)

Marital Status

(Figure 9)

Do you think married women faces more problems than

unmarried women?

(Figure 10)

Husband’s behavior towards working women

(Figure 11)

Children’s of professional women are usually neglected?

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(Figure 12)

As a working women what is the attitude of

your in-laws towards you?

(Figure 13)

10. Are the moral values of the society a big hurdle in

your way?

(Figure 14)

Do you think that there are transportation

problems for you?

(Figure 15)

12. As far as your salaries and incentives are concerned

are you?

(Figure 16)

Female Bankers face many problems while

working with male staff?

(Figure 17)

Which management is better for female staff?

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(Figure 18)

What are the causes of weak promotion and

scaling system of Banking institutions?

(Figure 19)

What do you think about Banking sector of

Bahawalpur for female workers?

(Figure 20)

Do you face problems in managing time

between personal & professional matters?

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