ijams i international journal of ayurveda & medical...
TRANSCRIPT
IJAMS I International Journal of Ayurveda & Medical Sciences ISSN: 2455-6246
ABSTRACT
Neurological Clutters in Perspective of Vata Vyadhi
Nitin Pandey, Nishant Rai Jain 1, Pankaj Kumar Rajvanshi
2
Department of Kayachikitsa, 1Department of Swasthavritta,
2 Department of Rachna Sharir, Himalayiya Ayurvedic Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
INTRODUCTION Ayurveda, the ancient holistic science of India is treating
neurological diseases since its inception. Ayurveda considers
neurological disorders to be the result of a disorder of Vata (one of
the three humors mentioned in Ayurveda), whose vitiation causes an
imbalance and disharmony in the human system which leads to
neurological disorders. Ayurvedic treatments for neurological
disorders aim to rectify this Vata imbalance and bring the Vata
dosha in harmony with Pitta and Kapha dosha, so as to eliminate
the disease in an individual. [1]
Ayurveda has acknowledged more
than 80 types of neuro-disorders including neuro-degenerative
diseases as Vatavyadhi, [2]
influenced broadly by the deranged effect
of „Vata’ humor.
In context of neurological disorders, as per Ayurveda, Vata
dosha can be vitiated in three ways- Vata vriddhi (neural
hyperfunctioning), Vata kshaya (neural hypofunction) and Avarana
(masked functioning).
Accepting the fact that majority of Vata diseases are incurable,
Ayurvedic texts have narrated diverse treatment regimens, including
„Panchakarma‟ (five actions of purification of body), yoga, massage
and herbal medicine that can make life easier and increase life
expectancy too. “Satvavajaya” (a type of mind-control based
Ayurvedic psychotherapy) with/without yoga is indicated to restore
memory, intellect and fortitude of a patient. [3, 4]
For diverse neurological problems ranging from epilepsy to
several psycho-dermatoses, Ayurveda has suggested many
nutritional, psychological and lifestyle modifications along with
other “nidans” (cause of disease) or therapies. [5,6]
Re-establishing
the harmony of a person’s physical, emotional and spiritual levels is
the fundamental principle of Ayurvedic healing as it perceives
disease being the end result of the disharmonious state of one’s basic
constitution.
As per Ayurveda, the tridoshas vata, pitta, kapha constitute
three regulatory systems respectively controlling input/output, turn
over and storage, thus making them universal properties of all the
living systems. Among these, the supremacy of vata is explained by
all our Acharyas. Vata is the only principle having predominance of
Vayu mahabhuta (one of the elementary constituent of universe) and
its main lakshana (symptom) is gati (movement) and gandhana
(knowledge/smell perception), [7]
which are generally attributed to
nervous system of contemporary science as it exhibits the same
functional properties. Hence, most of the vata disorders discussed in
Ayurveda are being diagnosed under neurological disorders in
modern medicine.
Predisposing factors for Vata vitiation: [8]
The factors which leads to the vitiation of vata are-
Ativyayama (excessive exercise),
Corresponding author: Dr. Nishant Rai Jain,
Assistant Professor, Department of Swasthavritta, Himalayiya
Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Majri Grant,
Dehradun,Uttarakhand, India. Email: [email protected]
REVIEW ARTICLE
The vast majority of the neurological manifestations start from brain tissue or neurons as they continue on with phenomenal symptoms or
illness related outcomes due to the non-regenerative farthest point of neurons. Neurological signs like epilepsy, loss of movement and
neuropathies etc. are commonest presentation and have poor accommodating outcome.In spite of marked development in diagnostic
facilities,treatment of neurological disorders remain unchanged, as modern molecules fail to regenerate central nervous tissues. Present
chemical therapeutics can only stimulate or suppress neuro-conduction. Whereas nature's endowment of herbs, minerals and creature assets
either alone or in mix with medications reduces exhibiting manifestations as well as induces some fix by managing the neural biokinesis.
Amongst these, Ayurvedic medicines are good ones and quite helpful in treating a wide range of neurological issues. The impacts of Ayurvedic
medicine can be furthered by applying its complete methodology, i.e. Panchakarma, palliative medications, illness explicit Rasayana (immuno-
modulators), dietary proposals, suggestions for ways of life and Yoga treatment.
Key words: Ayurveda , Neurological disorders, Panchakarma, Rasayana, Yoga
Pandey N et al: Neurological Clutters in Perspective of Vata Vyadhi
International Journal of Ayurveda & Medical Sciences I October-December 2017 I Vol 2 I Issue 4
79
Ativyavaya (excessive sexual activity),
Ati adhyayana (excessive study),
Langhana (fasting),
Plavana (swimming),
Pratarana (falling),
Ratrijagarana (awakening at night),
Vegadharana (suppression of urges),
Excessive intake of katu (pungent), tikta (bitter), kasaya (astringent)
rasa etc.
TABLE-1 Symptoms of Vrridha (increased), kshaya (decreased)
and Avarana janya (covered/obstructed) vata [9-11]
Vrridha Vata Kshaya Vata Avarana Vata
Sankocha (contraction) Anga saada (weakness) Depends upon the type of
avarana i.e. two doshas,
seven dhatus, three malas
Stambhana & Shoola
(stiffness & pain) of joints
Alpa bhashana
(decrease speech)
Lomaharsha (horipillation) Alpa sangya (decrease
conscious),
Pralapa (delirium) Moha (delirium)
Graham (spasticity) of
hands, back as well as
head
Pangulya (total paralysis
of leg) & kubjata (hunch-
back)
Shosha (atrophy) of body
parts
Kampana (tremors)
Bala indriya bhramsa (loss
of strength and sensory
function)
Pralapa ( incoherent talk)
Bhrama (giddiness), etc.
TABLE-2 Variants of Vata and their physiological function: [12]
Types
of Vata
Physiological functions
Prana
Vata
Buddhi-Indriya-Chitta-Hridaya dharana (Intellectual activities like
judgement, decision making. Helpful in retention and recollection of
recent and past experiences-Intellectual, emotional, motor activities-
holds functions of hridaya)
Shwasa, Anna pravesha, Kshavathu, Nishteeva, Udgara (dyspnea,
salivation and deglutition, sneezing, spitting, belching)
Udana
Vata
Vakpravritti, Prayatna, Urja-Balakara-Varnakara-Smritikaraka
(promotes speech, swallowing, respiration etc. All other functions can
be included in it as speech is an integrated outcome of motivation,
emotion, sensory adaptation in terms of performance of an individual)
Vyana
Vata
Gati, Rassamvahana-Sweda asrik sravana, Yoni sukra pratipadana,
Sroto vishodhana (voluntary movements; circulation of rasa along with
other dhatus like rakta, outflow of blood and sweat depends on effective
contraction of heart and calibre of vasculature; deposition of semen
inside the vaginal cavity; increased circulation to muscle helps in better
supply of oxygen and removes the waste products)
Samana
Vata
Annam grihnati- Pachati- Vivechayati- Munchati (Vagal, glosso
pharyngeal reflexes facilitate the entry of the food into stomach,
secretion of the digestive juices through vagovagal reflex, sympathetic
stimulation, discrimination of essence and waste products of digested
food. The movement of the residue from colon to rectum and anus is by
gastro-colic, duodeno-colic reflexes transmitted by myoenteric plexus
by initiation of para sympathetic nerves which are stimulated by over
distension of colon)
Apana
Vata
Mutra-Sakrit-Sukra-Artava-Garbha nishkramana [Emptying of bladder-
bowel defecation-movement of sukra (semen) from vrishana to
sishnendriya (penis) and its ejection; artava is described both as
menstrual blood and ovum, hence here menstruation, ovulation both can
be considered, bearing down the foetus during labour]
TABLE-3 List of some Vata Vyadhi and their probable co-
relations: [13]
Vata Vyadhi Modern co-relations
Akshepaka Convulsions
Apatantraka Hysterical convulsions
Apatanaka Tetanus like convulsions
Ardita Facial paralysis with or without hemiplegia
Vishwachi Brachial neuritis
Gridhrasi Sciatica
Kampavata Tremors and palsy, Parkinsonism
Khalayakhanja Lathyrism
Pakshaghata Hemiplegia / Paraplegia
Snayugatavata Disease of tendons and ligaments
Principles of Management: [14]
It can be divided as follows general measures and specific measures.
A. General measures
In all type of diseases, Nidana Parivarjana is must i.e., to
avoid the predisposing factors including Vata Vyadhis.
For all Vata disorders, oleation, fomentation, palliation and
purification should be used.
The Snehana (oleation) and Swedana (sudation) therapy be
performed repeatedly.
Use of Ghrita- Taila- Vasa- Majja etc. (different oleaginous
substances) for oleation therapy is only indicated in vata
vyadhis without Avarana.
Use of Nasya karma (nasal insufflations) is indicated in all
types of vataja vyadhis.
Use of food that contains Madhur- Amla –Lavana rasa along
with other Brmhana (which nourishes the body) dravyas for
vataja disorders.
In case of avarana janya vata vyadhi, first treat avarana, if
vata is avarita by both kapha and pitta then pitta will be
treated first.
B. Specific measures
It includes Shodhana (purificatory) therapy and Shamana (use
of pacifying medicines) therapy.
Shodhana therapy-
Use of Mridu Virechana (mild purgatives) with any kind of
oily substances, if Vaatika disorders having greater strength
of doshas.
Use of Anuvasana basti (oil based enema) for vata
aggravation due to tissue loss.
Use of Niruha basti (decoction based enema) in those
persons having vatika disorders, who are weak and not
suitable for Virechana karma (therapeutic purgation).
Use of Anuvasana basti and Yapana basti in Aavrita vata.
Shamana therapy-
Use of herbal and herbo-mineral preparations.
Pandey N et al: Neurological Clutters in Perspective of Vata Vyadhi
International Journal of Ayurveda & Medical Sciences I October-December 2017 I Vol 2 I Issue 4
80
Use of Rasayana chikitsa specially in case of avarana.
Some Single Herbs useful in Neurological Disorders
Aswagandha (Withania Somnifera) Bala (Sida cordifolia)
Eranda (Ricinus communis), Bramhi (Bacopa monnieri)
Kapikacchu (Mucuna prurita), Bhallataka (Semecarpus
anacardium)
Kuchla (Strychinos nuxvomica), Guduchi (Tinospora
cordifolia)
Sarpagandha (Rauwolfia serpentina), Vacha (Acorus
calamus)
Some Classical Herbo-mineral Preparations Useful in
Neurological Disorders
Brihat Vatachintamani Rasa, Ekangavir Rasa, Mahavata
Vidwansana Rasa, Kumar Kalyana Rasa, Khanjankari Rasa,
Vatagajankush Rasa, Yogendra Rasa,
Rasraja Rasa.
Some common Rasayana Kalpa Useful in Neurological Disorders
Rasona, Guggulu, Bala, Nagbala, Abhyaamlak, Shilajeet
Rasayana, etc.
DISCUSSION
It has been studied that in excess of 60 million Indian population
experience mental disarranges, but the nation lingers a long way
behind the world for medications and in fact spends heavily for such
mental issues. About 1-2% Indians experienced schizophrenia and
bipolar issue though 5% population demonstrated normal mental
clutters like gloom, tension, spasm, and so forth. Ayurvedic system
of medicine has traditionally been used in several neurological
conditions and have been proved to be effective in headache,
epilepsy, seizure, agitation, loss of motion, memory misfortune
(Alzheimer's), a sleeping disorder, tension, Parkinson's malady,
craziness, wretchedness, and so forth. The availability and cost
viability of plant items offer impressive advantages for promoting
their therapeutic use. Nowadays much consideration is drawn
towards the built up customary frameworks of home grown
solutions for many brain related maladies, thus producing positive
trusts in the patients. The present review undeniably clears up that
the Ayurvedic plan of medicine is incredible delivered for treating
most by far of the mind related dissipates through various treatment
modalities including panchakarma treatment. Along these lines, it
could be deduced that the Ayurvedic course of action of home
developed remedy is emphatically a treasury of plant drugs which
can easily cater to treatment of many neurological issues and with
no or unimportant reactions.
REFERENCES
1. Singh, R.H, Kayachikitsa IInd
. 1st
ed. Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Sansthan, Varanasi, 2001, p. 507-508.
2. Patil V. “Holistic approach of Ayurveda and panchakarma in
neurological disorders”. Alternative and Integrative Medicine
6.4 (2017): p.73.
3. Behere P.B., et al. “Ayurvedic concepts related to
psychotherapy”. Indian Journal of Psychiatry 55(2013):310-314.
4. Patil S. and Joshi J.R. “Role of Satvavajaya chikitsa in jara
w.s.r. to socio – psychological problems”. Journal of Ayurveda
and Holistic Medicine 5.4 (2017): 101-105.
5. Arya R. “Ancient Indian concepts about phenomenology,
biology, and therapeutics of epilepsy”. Journal of the History of
the Neurosciences 27.1 (2017): 56-71.
6. Singh S., et al. “An overview of Ayurvedic and contemporary
approaches to Psychodermatology”. Journal of
Phytopharmacology 3.4 (2014): 286-299.
7. Yadavji Trikamji, Susruta Sutra Sthana 21/5 with Dalhana
Commentary, Chaukambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 2012, Revised
edition, p.99.
8. Agnivesha Tantra: Vidyotini, Charaka Samhita, Hindi
commentary by Dr. Bharmanand Tripathi, Chikitsa Sthan
28/15-18, Chaukhambha publisher, Varanasi, p.779.
9. Ibidem (8), p. 780.
10. Kaviraja Atrideva Gupta, Astanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana 12/24-
27, Chaukhambha prakashana, Varanasi. reprint 2012, p. 123.
11. Ibidem (10), 11/15, p. 116.
12. Tripathi Bramhananda, Astanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana 12/4-9
with Nirmala Hindi commentary, Chaukhamba Sanskrit
Pratisthan, Delhi, 2003, Revised edition, p. 171-172.
13. Singh R.H. Kayachikitsa IInd, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratisthan,
Delhi, 2001, p. 515.
14. Agnivesha Tantra: Vidyotini, Charaka Samhita, Hindi
commentary by Dr. Bharmanand Tripathi, Chikitsa Sthana
28/75,76,82,83,86,88,104,240,241, Chaukhambha Publisher,
Varanasi, 2012, Reprint edition, p. 703-728.
How to cite this article: Pandey N, Jain NR, Rajvanshi PK.
Neurological Clutters in Perspective of Vata Vyadhi. Int J
Ayurveda & Med Sc 2017; 2(4): 78-80.
Source of Support: Nil. Conflict of Interest: None declared.