I II III IV

Unit 6 - Chemical Bonding

I. Introduction toBonding

IONIC COVALENTBond FormationType of Structure

Solubility in WaterElectrical ConductivityOtherProperties

e- are transferred from metal to nonmetal

high

yes (solution or liquid)

yes

e- are shared between two nonmetals

low

no

usually not

MeltingPoint

crystal lattice true molecules

A. Types of Bonds

Physical State solid liquid or gas

“electron sea”

METALLICBond FormationType of Structure

Solubility in WaterElectrical ConductivityOtherProperties

MeltingPoint

A. Types of Bonds

Physical State

e- are delocalized among metal atoms

very high

yes (any form)

no

malleable, ductile, lustrous

solid

B. VocabularyChemical Bond

electrical attraction between nuclei and valence e- of neighboring atoms that binds the atoms together

bonds form in order to…decrease PEincrease stability

B. Vocabulary

CHEMICAL FORMULA

MolecularFormula

FormulaUnit

IONIC COVALENT

COCO22NaClNaCl

B. Vocabulary

COMPOUND

TernaryCompound

BinaryCompound

2 elements more than 2elements

NaNONaNO33NaClNaCl

B. Vocabulary

ION

PolyatomicIon

MonatomicIon

1 atom 2 or more atoms

NONO33--NaNa++

C. Bond PolarityMost bonds are

a blend of ionic and covalent characteristics.

Nonpolar Covalent Bond e- are shared equally symmetrical e- density usually identical atoms

C. Bond Polarity

+ -

C. Bond PolarityPolar Covalent Bond

e- are shared unequally asymmetrical e- density results in partial charges (dipole)

Nonpolar

Polar

Ionic

View Bonding Animations.

C. Bond Polarity

C. Bond PolarityElectronegativity

Attraction an atom has for a shared pair of electrons.

higher e-neg atom -

lower e-neg atom +

C. Bond PolarityElectronegativity Trend (p. 151)

Increases up and to the right.

C. Bond PolarityDifference in the

elements’ e-negs determines bond type