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VOLUME 93 NUMBER 48 MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1973 FIV-EASSENTS-~~. F !V.ECNT

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In This IssueRo ok R eiiev .. .. p 9David Whie in terviez.;-.. p 2SQA . . p.: . . . 4- 5 :Nuts an vid Screews - . . .,0

By Jules Mollere new organization we will"Unforseen problems" in the continue to offer the same

administration of MIT's benefits to employees but willcontinuing education programs also be able to have somefor staff and hourly employees specific idea of what is goinghave led to a decision by the on."Personnel Office to consolidate The present program, asthese programs under one office explained by Mead, "offers MITas of January 1, 19740 employees the opportunity

According to Priscillia E. to take job-related courses eitherM e a d, MIT personnel at MIT or other universitiesrepresentative, the present limited to night school for thosedivision of the Institute's employees paid by the hour. Thefourteen-year-old attempt "to courses at MIT are free of chargeincrease the knowledge and skills .... If an employee decides too f o u r e m p I o y e e s for go to another college he or she isadvancement towards their entitled to a tuitionchosen goals"' has led to these reimbursement;"problems. At present the yearly

"The way it is now we really reimbursement is 100 percent ofdon't have any satisfactory the tuition up to a maximum ofstatistics as to how the program $500 with an additional returnas a whole is working, With the of 50 percent for any amount

PO]]CE~A I 9- n t V 8R Lie n, ,,e-

over 500 up to a total of $750.Mead, however, said she washopeful that that these figureswould be raised to 100 percentfor $750 in the near future.

"One of the more importantchanges we've made recently isto extend the number of peopleeligible for the program," Meadstated. "Now, even an MITemployee working only half thetime can apply. Even so, only610 people, or about 7.7%, usethe program.

Mead explained that thisfigure actually varied as toexempt versus hourly personnel."Nine-point-nine percent of theexempt [not paid on a timebasis ] personnel took thisopportunity whereas only 5.6%of the employees paid by thehour did .... All together theprogramn cost S200,000 dollaxslast year with the average reim-bursement being about $315."

Another recent change thatMead cited dealt with those em-ployees who are within a fewyears of retirement. "We now letthem select courses which theyfeel will be meaningful for theirretirement years. We're verypleased Ito have included this inour plan and feel that it willhave significant value for ourlong termn employees."

She said that there was nohard set of statistics with whichto prove that this program isvaluable as a promotion tool,"but we know it is. One personin the library. department whoused our program recently gotpromoted but if he hadn'tstopped by and told us wewould never have known." '

"I believe we would come outpretty well if compared to othercolleges and companies but againI can only say it, not prove it."

MASSACHUSETTS INST17UTR OF 79CHNOLOGTAs orequal oppotueLnity/affirative? action e-mployer, D Am-

activel smeeking minority and women applicants.

0oodxmtorsoughRt to cutI n S t EMut, : te'S aL -eg-'IF ua s®)

fr,:.picranigelems of the area, develop a stra-tegy for appraising aid plansproposed for the area, and ex-amine feasibility of imple-menting plans judged to havedesirable long-range potential.

Under grants from the Feder-a] Government and the FordFoundation, the Center is inves-tigating policies for support of

energy research and develop-ment. Included in the study is acomparison of such technologyin five other highly developedcount ries.

Alternatives come up withinclude modifying funding ap-proaches for energy research anddevelopment, such as buying oilfutures rather than giving the oilindustry direct fiscal support.

The Center is also workingwith the policy arm of the Fed-eral Coastal Zone ManagementOffice in Washington to come upwith coastal use policies that willhelp co-ordinate managementpolicies of the different States.

Other problems under consid-eration at the CPA include occu-pational health policies to re-duce factors contributing to ac-cidents in industry, and the totallifetime costs of appliance s suchas refrigerators and televisionsets.

Hollomon also commentsthat preliminary discussions havebegun concerning a study of thetechnology and organization ofthe Post Office.

Personnel Office, "We've beentrying to fill this position sinlceSeptember, but we expected itto take us 'a while to fill. We'retrying to open doors for CILqali-fied minority and wonien candi-dates in this position, and thiskind of search takes quite a bitof time."

Paar told The Tech that thePersonnel Office has recently ex-panded the advertising for theposition. "We have listed it inTech Talk since the positionbecame available, and later ex-panded to aads in the BostonGlobe and thie Bayv State Bgan-her," he explained. "The res-ponse from the Boston areahasn't been as good as we ex-pected, and so we've widenedthe campaign."

Paar mentioned that the en-vironmental engineer post wasadvertised this weekend in theNew York Times (see graphic,this page) and in The Spokes-,Vwoma(n17 magazine. He also saidthat the Personnel Office hadbeen in touch with engineeringsocieties across the countrv tosearch for qualified applicants.

"We're reaching out furtherthan we usually reach in thissearch," Paar added, "but wefeel this is an important positionto fill properly."

Carol Vandenavyle of -Per-sonnel pointed out that one dif-ficulty in filling the position wasthat "we're asking for someonewith an EE degree with ex-perience in mechanical andheating systems, and very fewEE's have that experience." Shleadded that the Physical PlantDepartment is "especially in-terested in finding a qualifiedmnember of a minority group or afemale, and this takes moretime."

Other energy saving effortswere reflected by a letter fromDirector of Housing and DiningService H. Eugene Branirnerwhich was sent out to all resi-dents of dormitories early lastweek. The letter spoke of MIT'sneed to conserve energy, andoffered specific guidelines foreach dorm to cut down on heatand lighting uses.

(The Tech is starting a serieson energy use aed policy in thisissue; it will cover a broad rangeof issues in energy, trans-portation, environmental con-cern, and public policy. The firstarticle, on page 2, is the first oftwo parts of an interview withDavid C. White, head of MIT'sEnergy Laboratory. - ED.)

MIT is conti.nuing to respondto the nationwide cnergy crisisand its own shortage of fuel oilforthe coming winter.

Stich diverse actions as con-tinuing the search for an en-vironmiental engineer to takeover energy conservationme as ures, distributing in for-mation to dornm residents onsaving heat, as well as long-termresearch at the Energy Labora-tory, and have been instituted aspalt of MIT's efforts to cut backon energy use in response to thecrisis.

The search for an engineer toco-ordinate all the Institute'senergy-saving plans is not a newprogram; the Personnel Officehas been advertising the positionsince early Septeember. Accor-ding to Michael Paar of the

components of universities, com-munity and junior colleges, andundergraduate professionalschools with a liberal educationemphasis." This last categorycould conceivably include MIT.

The participating, institutionswill be chosen on the basis ofdemonstrated commitment tothe project's goals, which are "tospell out the dilemmas and prob-lems in promoting reform, tochallenge the assumptions under-lying traditional higher edu-cation, and to suggest a frame-work where alternatives to thedisci plinary-based curriculumwill have the best chance ofevolving." Experimental pro-grams at MIT such as Concourseand ESG have certainly beentaking steps in this direction,and should give rise to someinterest among the planners ofthe million-dollar AAC project.

The first three years of theproject will be spent developingnew models for undergraduateeducation, with the aim of tran-scending most of the experi-mental programs currently beingtried.

The programs developed bythe individual institutions, whichwill each be expected to contri-bute a substantial amount offunds to the project, should bein full operation by the end ofthe third year, leaving the lasttwo years of the project forevaluation of the variousprograms.

The Association of AmericanColleges has received a half-million dollar grant from theCarnegie Corporation for a five-year project "to encourage andsupport reforms in under-graduate education."

Over the next seven months,ten schools will be chosen toparticipate in the program. They"will be drawn from the diversetypes of institutions, includingliberal arts colleges, liberal arts

tiI

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Eugene Skolnikoff, head of the Political ScienceDepartment and the Center for InternationalStudies, and Harvey Sapolsky, professor of Poli-tical Science, discussed "Technology, Society and

Values in MIT Education" at a recent.TechnologyStudies Colloquium. The Science and Public PolicyProgram was the main subject of the discussion.

Photo by Tom Klimowicz

1 ��-741,

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Organize agd direct an energy ceonservetion proeam sat M.L.tSurvey the campus to determine areas of possible a-conoescyplen procedures to accomplish energy cost reductions; main-tain Cmpflances of requirements with governmental =g3nicies.

IB.o de-gr® iln I~.~ with bsie knolteldge of building meehanicVl~ys$tems; experience in engineering design or operation of

buildings required. M=:parience in the energy conservarolnfield hae p ugPROCIe submi resumef An. PERSON3NEL OFFIEt~

400 faias Steesembridse, i&MA O2l 42

(687? 2S3-a425M

-co Ve Es Wi deBy Stephen Keith

Seemingly unrelated topicsSuCih as methods to alleviatedrought conditions in the sub-Sahara, fulsre plans for energyresearch and d evelopment.coastal-use policies, and life-cycle costs of durable consumerproducts are all current subjectsof research for MIT's Center forPolicy Alternatives.

Headed by Dr. J. HerbertHollomon, the purpose of theyear-and-a-half-old Center is toinvestigate policies involvingtechnology and to find and sug-gest alternatives. "We illuminateour contractors' possiblechoices, rather than tell themwhat to do,"says Hollomotn.

Organizations contractingCPA research include Federaland State government agenciesand private industry, as well asforeign governments.

The Center draws on all MITdepartments for support and ex-pertise. For instance, ProfessorWilliam W. Seifert of the Depart-ment of Civil Engineering is incharge of a major project tostudy development plans for sixd rought-stricken countries insub-Sahara Africa.

The CPA is co-operating withpeople from other American uni-versity, French groups active inthe Sahara, and citizens of thesix nations in its study.

Its goals, a ccording to Seifert,are to identify the basic prob-

(.- az G M 1-@ ~m- $22 vF

PAGE 16 FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1973 THETECH

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a il J3 EeIi tlJJ k <z. gThe MIT women's varsity sail-

ing team concluded their fallracing season in fine style ascaptain Shelley Berstein '74,with Joan Pendleton '76 crew-ing, won the first sailing of theEmily L. Wick Trophy LarkRegatta.

The event was sailed on acold, blustery Saturday at MIT,and four of the six schools en-tered dropped out before thecompetition was finished be-cause of capsizes. The Tech crewwas the only entry to concludethe day's racing without a singlecapsize.

Going into what was sched-uled to be the last race of theday, MIT led Radcliffe by one

point, but the race had to beresailed because neither boat fin-ished properly. In the. resail,Berstein took the start and sailedconservatively to defeat the Rad-cliffe boat and win the trophyby two points.

The results of the regattawere: MIT 1, Radcliffe 13,Jackson 24, Mt. Holyoke 34,Northeastern 42, and Salem 50.Bernstein's record was4-2-1-2-1-1.

The men's varsity placedfourth in an invitational at Har-vard on Saturday. Paul Erb '76,with Barbara Belt '77 crewing,sailed in A-Division, placing sec-ond, while George Todd '76,with Nina Gelband '77 as crew,raced in B.

The results of the regatta,which was tightly contested allthe way, were: Harvard 26,Rhode Island 27, Tufts 30, MIT38, Northeastern 49, CoastGuard 66, Bowdoin 67, MaineMaritime 71, and Boston College84.

The men's varsity squad hasmade a strong showing in theclosing weeks of the season, andwill try to extend its winningrecord tomorrow and Sundaywhen the sailors travel to theCoast Guard Academy for theAtlantic Coast Championships(Fiske-Harrimani-Sleigh Trophy)..Last year the MIT team finishedsecond in the event, which wassailed at New York Maritime.

Photo by Fred lutchison/ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~.....; . . . ....................

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Photo by RobertUpper right: The women's sailing team practicing.Lower right: Captain Shelly Bernstein '74, earlier this year. The women's sailing team has won most of themajor events, including the Nationals last spring.Above: Shelly Bernstein '74 at the tiller with crew Joan Pendleton '76 last Saturday in the first Emily L.Wick regatta.

25Sunday afternoon 2 pm

at

Symphohy HUN$1.00 OF .EVERY TICRET

GOES TO ISRAIEL

BosO!n's Jewish Siudent

servsie Agenct as a community-wide event

PRICES: $3, $5, $7

TOCKEIS AVABLABLE AU:

o G$Y r ber'vei din, javdan img9rsh'in Boston, Braince ancd Pel9oy.o Israel Bookstore, 41O.Masv'd St., Graokliine.O Millel Offices at a-U., Bra6D is Mca0al5 6 and R.T-® Jewish Community Centers In anaincyd [r¢klino a S3wompsceot.o Symphony lHall Box Office.

~~~~~~~~~ *~~~~~~~~~~. . . . ... .. ...eoeSHOFAR, 50 0SUTHERLAND eROAD, BRooooKLINEoo, M oooASS. 02146oeo o

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Yes, i would like to attend the Song Festival. Please send me ......... tickets at $ ......... per seat.

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YES, Paul Schindler LIED, in thetraditon of the media (no wonderPresident Nixon feels the way hedoes). Last Tuesday, he said he wasgiving you a once-in-alifetime-chanceto get back at THE TECH and throwa pie in the Editor's face.

Well, he's GOING TO DO ITAGIAN!!!!! Yes, for a mere 50 cents,you can get your revenge . . . whetherit be for some malicious comment hemade concerning your mother, forthe mere joy of seeing him debasehimself, or, heaven forbid, becuasethe money is going to a worthycause.

As of this moment, he's los-ing ... almost even to the MacGregorHouse turkey! Now, I ask you, who'sa bigger turkey than Schindler? Well,BESIDES Nixon. Yes, it HAS to beSchindler!

Schindler protecting the camerafrom certain destruction

So don't let this rare chance slip by. GO OUT THERE ANDHUtMILIATE THIS UGLY... PERSON (and I use the termloosely).

TODAY!! From 12 noon to 1 pm only, bldg. 10 lobby.

(Of course, other donations always welcome.)

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VOLUME 93 NUMBER 48 MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20,1973 FV- CENT

S ta f u .iio Progr cha .esBy Jules Mollere

"Unforseen problems" in thead minis t ration of MI T'scontinuing education programsfor staff and hourly employeeshave led to a decision by thePersonnel Office to consolidatethese programs under one officeis of January 1, 1974°

According to Priscillia E.Vlea d MIT p e r s o n n e lepresentative, the presentlivision of the Institute'sourteen-year-old attempt "toicrease the knowledge and skillsf our employees fordvancement towards theirhosen goals" has led to theseroblems,

"The way it is now we reallyon't have any satisfactoryatistics as to how the program

a whole is working. With the

new organization we willcontinue to offer the samebenefits to employees but willalso be able to have somespecific idea of what is goingon.",

The present program, asexplained by Mead, "offers MITemployees the opportunityto take job-related courses eitherat MIT or other universitieslimited to night school for thoseemployees paid by the hour. Thecourses at MIT are free of charge.... If an employee decides togo to another college he or she isentitled to a t u i t i o nreimbursement;"

At present the yearlyreimbursement is 100 percent ofthe tuition up to a maximum of$500 with an additional returnof 50 percent for any amount

?olic y Alt , nerna ,e Ce-atereoves W.tide

By Stephen KeithSeemingly unrelated topics

zh as methods to alleviateughtl conditions in the sub-

hara, future plans for energysearch and development,Istal-use policies, and life--le costs of durable consumner)ducts are all current subjectsresearch for MIT's Center for[icy Alternatives.Headed by Dr. J. HerbertIlomon, the purpose of ther-and-a-half-old Center is to'estigate policies involvinghnology and to find and sug-

alternatives. "We illuminatercontractors' possibleices, rather than tell themit to do," says Hollornon.Jrganizations contracting

research include FederalState government agenciesprivate industry, as well as

:ign governments.[he Center draws on all MITartments for support and ex-ise. For instance, Professoriam W. Seifert of the Depart-t of Civil Engineering is inge of a major project toy development plans for sixilght-stricken countries inSahara Africa.he CPA is co-operating with.le from other American uni-ty, French groups active inSahara, and citizens of theations in its study.s goals, according to Seifert,.o identify the basic prob-

topic 2.a xgelems of the area, develop a stra-tegy for appraising aid plansproposed for the area, and ex-amine feasibility of imple-menting plans judged to havedesirable long-range potential.

Under grants from the Feder-al Government and the FordFoundation, the Center is inves-tigating policies for support ofenergy research and develop-ment. Included in the study is acomparison of such technologyin five other highly developedcount ries.

Alternatives come up withinclude modifying funding ap-proaches for energy research anddevelopment, such as buying oilfutures rather than giving the oilindustry direct fiscal support.

The Center is also workingwith the policy arm of the Fed-eral Coastal Zone ManagementOffice in Washington to comne upwith coastal use policies that willhelp co-ordinate managementpolicies of the different States.

Other problems under consid-eration at the CPA include occu-pational health policies to re-duce factors contributing to ac-cidents in industry, and the totallifetime costs of appliances suchas refrigerators and televisionsets.

Hollomon also commentsthat preliminary discussions havebegun concerning a study of thetechnology and organization ofthe Post Office.

over 500 up to a total of $750.Mead, however, said she washopeful that that these figureswould be raised to 100 percentfor $750 in the near future.

"One of the more importantchanges we've made recently isto extend the number of peopleeligible for the program," Meadstated. "Now, even an MITemployee working only half thetime can apply. Even so, only610 people, or about 7.7%, usethe program.

Mead explained that thisfigure actually varied as toexempt versus hourly personnel."Nine-point-nine percent of theexempt [not paid on a timebasis] personnel took thisopportunity whereas only 5.6%of the employees paid by thekour did .... All together theprogram cost $200,000 dollarslast year with the average reim-bursement being about $315."

Another recent change thatMead cited dealt with those em-ployees who are within a fewyears of retirement. "We now letthem select courses which theyfeel will be meaningfuil for theirretirement years. We're verypleased to have included this inour plan and feel that it willhave significant value for ourlong term employees."

She said that there was nohard set of statistics with whichto prove that this program isvaiuable as a promotion tool,"but we know it is. One personin the library department whoused our program recently gotpromoted but if he hadn'tstopped by and told us wewould never have known." -

"I believe we would come outpretty well if compared to othercolleges and companies but againI can only say it, not prove it."

M T

Orgonlze and direct an energy conservtion' p ogram at M.L.survey the campus to determine areas of possible economy;plan procedures to accomprlish energy coast reductions; maln.tain complinces of requirements with goveramontal agencieso

B.S. degree in I.L; with basc knowledge of building mec¢ianiceasystems; experience in engineering design or operation ofbuildings required. Eperioence in the energy conservationfield helpful.

please subnmit resume to:, PSONNEL OFFICE400 Main Stree

Cambride, MA 02 42(H7) 253-425i

MASSACHUSESTS BIMSTIEJ OF 7ECHMMOGVAs equal opportunity/affirmative action employer, w a

aefively seeking minority ande women applicants.

g~-ooydlnatoy zotzgh--t~ "a cutI.a U-ee m , '6 rd l. s..eea WI 'ke c a.hs' i~~~e'te s~ ee. yes

MIT is continuing to respondto the nationwide energy crisisand its own shortage of fuel oilfor the coming winter.

Such diverse actions as con-tinuing the search for an en-vironmental engineer so takeover energy conservationrn e a s u res, distributing infor-mation to dorm residents onsaving heat, as wvell as long-termresearch at the Energy Labora-tory. and have been instituted aspart of MIT's efforts to cut backon energy use in response to thecrisis.

The search for an engineer toco-ordinate all the Institute'senergy-saving plans is not a newprogram; the Personnel Officehas been advertising the positionsince early September. Accor-ding to Michael Paar of the

~~ m e g AIr f wdntdof~~~~ UAThe Association of American

CoLleges has received a half-million dollar grant from theCarnegie Corporation for a five-year project "to encourage andsupport reforms in under-graduate education."

Over the next seven months,ten schools will be chosen toparticipate in the program. They"will be drawn from the diversetypes of institutions, includingliberal arts colleges, liberal arts

'.a.

e Skolnikoff, head of the Political Sciencetment and the Center for Internationals, and Harvey Sapolsky, professor of Poli-cience, discussed "Technology, Society and

Values in MIT Education" at a recent.TechnologyStudies Colloquium. The Science and Public PolicyProgram was the main subject of the discussion.

Photo by Tom Klimowicz

components of universities, com-munity and junior colleges, andundergraduate professionalschools with a liberal educationemphasis." This last categorycould conceivably include MIT.

The participating institutionswill be chosen on the basis ofdemonstrated commitment tothe project's goals, which are "tospell out the dilemmas and prob-lems in promoting reform, tochallenge the assumptions under-lying traditional higher edu-cation, and to suggest a frame-work where alternatives to thedisciplinary-based curriculumwill have the best chance ofevolving." Experimental pro-grams at MIT such as Concourseand ESG have certainly beentaking steps in this direction,and should give rise to someinterest among the planners ofthe million-dollar AAC project.

The first three years of theproject will be spent developingnew models for undergraduateeducation, with the aim of trar.-scending most of the experi-mental programs currently beingtried.

The programs developed bythe individual institutions, whichwill each be expected to contri-bute a substantial amount offunds to the project, should bein full operation by the end ofthe third year, leaving the lasttwo years of the project forevaluation of the variousprograms.

Personnel Office, "We've beentrying to fill this position sinceSeptellmber, but we expected itto take us a- while to fill. We'retrying to open doors for quali-fied minority and vwomen candi-dates in this position, and thiskind of search takes quite a bitof time."

Paar told The Te(ch that thePersonnel Office has recently ex-panded the advertising for theposition. "We have listed it inTech Talk since the positionbecame available, and later ex-panded to ads in the BostonGlobe and the 3Bay' State Ban-ner," he explained. "The res-ponse from the Boston areahasn't been as good as we ex-pected, and so we've widenedthe campaign."

Paar mentioned that the en-vironmental engineer post wasadvertised this weekend in theNew York 7i7mes (see graphic,this page) and in The Spokes-wotman magazine. He also saidthat the Personnel Office hadbeen in touch with engineeringsocieties across the country tosearch for qualified applicants.

"We're reaching out furtherthan we usually reach in thissearch," Paar added, "but wefeel this is an important positionto fill properly."

Carol Vandenavyle of -Per-sonnel pointed out that one dif-ficulty in filling the position wasthat "we're asking for someonewith an EE degree with ex-perience in mechanical andheating systems, and very fewEE's have that experience." Sheadded that the Physical PlantDepartment is "especially in-terested in finding a qualifiedmember of a minority group or afemale, and this takes moretime."

Other energy saving effortswere reflected by a letter fromDirector of Housing and DiningService H. Eugene Brammerwhich was sent out to all resi-dents of dormitories early lastweek. The letter spoke of MIT'sneed to conservlwe energy, andoffered specific guidelines foreach dorm to cut down on heatand lighting uses.

(The Tech is starting a serieson energy use and policey in thisissue; it will cover a broad rangeof issues in energy, trans-portation, environmental con-cern, and public policy.. The firstarticle, on page 2, is the first oftwo parts of an interview withDavid C. White, head of MIT'sEnergy Laboratory. - ED.)

"Continuous News ServiceSince 1881"

In This Issue Book Refiew .... p 9David W1hlte intervie'.- p 2SQA . . p Nuts antid Screwvs, . .pjO

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{Ford Professor of Engineer-ing David C. White, director ofMIT's Eiergy Lab was recentlyin terview ed by Paul Schindler ofThe Tecd His wide ranging dis-cussion of the energy issuesfacing the country, and the out-look for Energy R&D at MITcomprise the first article in aseries by The Tech on the energycrisis - Editor}

Q: Why is there an energy short-age? A: In the short run, tworeasons. The first, and the mostdifficult reason, and it will pos-sibly cause rationing, and cer-tainly major shortages this year,is that one of our_ major sourcesof international oil supply, be-cause of an international upsetbetween the Arab world andIsrael, has elected to use theeconomic marketplace for oil asa place'to influence the politicalpolicies of the United States. Inthe short run, the cutoff ofsupplies from the Arab statesand the cutoff, of supplies ofcrude to Western Europe that isthen -refined and flows throughas refined products to theUnited States is a significantreduction in our resources.

We import one third of ourpetroleum. Half of that, bothdirectly amd indirectly, was com-ing out of the Middle East, bothas crude and as flow-through. Sothat is the present really toughcrunch. If that were changed

0 , e , iS.._

* The Electrical EngineeringDepartment's IAP program (open toall students) will be run this yeardifferently than in the past. Twoldosks located on the first and fourthfloors of the new EE building in theelevator lobbies will have fairlydetailed descriptions of the activitiesOffered. Withi each description will bea sign-up sheet for students who havea definite interest in the activity togive the planners of each activitysome idea of what to expect.Suggestions are encouraged andshould be directed to either ProfessorBers' (EE LAP Coordinator) office,(38-260, x3-4195), or to the EEStu-Fac office. (38-476, x34644)

* Wednesday, November 28:Future Technological Developmentsand Policy for Postal Services.Telecommulrications Planning andPolicy Research Seminar Series.Joseph Fleming, Herbert Itollomon,Charles Jackson, Abraham Tersoffand H.N. Upthegroveo Center forAdvanced Emgineering Study, 9-4514-6pmo Coffee.

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PAGE2 TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1973 THETECH

buying these on the world mar-ket.

Q: The WaIl Street Journal saysthat the oil boycott is economic,not political. A: I don't thinkthat's a valid argument. The de-veloping nations, with very littlepopulation, Saudi Arabia is one,could take that position. How-ever, if they have money comingin and can invest it,, say inEuropean banks, and get a rate,of 7 per cent or greater, thatmoney will double in ten 'years.

Granted at the moment, theycan get almost any price theywant for their oil. Their shortrun return, by increasing theprice, will give them a muchmore rapid return on what is inthe ground. But cutting off thesupply doesn't help them. Ifthey don't like $4, try 5. If theydon't like 5, try 8. Basically,Western Europe and Japan haveno choice. They are- totally de-pendent. If the Arabs raise that

(Please turn to page 7}

tomorrow, it would shift thecharacter of the energy shortagesback to another problem, but avery real one.

The other problem is one.related to a major upset of theenergy marketplace in thepetroleum-gas field. It's causedpartially by regulations, regu-lation of natural -as at the well-head has been a contributor,import quotas to the US were acontributor, in that one couldnot be sure of having adequatesupplies of crude available fromthe Continental United States.

Therefore refineries were notbuilt. If you look at the growthof the refinery population of theUS, you'll find that we have notbuilt a refinery in the last fiveyears, and the growth in the lastten years has been very short.Refinery capacity has been builtin Europe and the Carribean.The US finds that it cannotsupply all of its refined productswith domestic located refineries,and becomes vulnerable then to

"Teed-

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CAGE-HARRISON Suite for toy pianoMONTEVER-DI-ORFF Lamento d'AriannaSCHUMANN-RAVEL Carnavwl (excerpt)

BRAHMS-SCHOENBERG Piano quartet in G3 minor op. 25

2 WHE-RE WE'RE ATJanuoary 24 - soloist to be announced

BOULEZ EclatsO. KNUSSEN Symphony no. 3

M. FELDMAN Cello and orchestraS. REICH Music for mallet instrt uments

Spring Semeseerat

TEL A ntV 3 THREE CENTURIESOF DRAMA IN MUSIC

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CATHY BERBERIAN mezzo-sopranoMICHAEL WAGER speaker

BACH Suite no. ISCHUMANN-]

WEBER melodramas with piano

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Ticket prices for the Spectnan series:Floor: $15, $12, $9First Balcony: $12. $9Second Balcony: S;6

Single ticker prices:$7.50, $6.00, $4.50, $3.00

Tickets avaflable at Symphony Hall (266-1492)

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Police Blotter is a coin pilatioik c)toIlIllll[it~ .

11/7/73 - 2 :00amPatrol car reports the observa-..

tion of a "Memorial Drive Peep-er" who was subsequently seentrying the doors at the PierceBoat House. Subject released af-:er questioning (no prior record)tnd warned to stay off MIT)roperty.

11/7/73 - 7 : 50amReport of larceny of an as-

ortment of electricians toolsromn a locked steel chest in theasement of Building 38. Prop-rty of an outside contractor.lo sign of forced entry, valuewveral hundred dollars.

11/9/73- 11:50amLarceny of a strobe light

-om the weather tower on rooff Building 54. Theft occurred)metime between November:h and 9th.

11/9/73- 11: 3 55pmReport of an armed robberyI Harvard Bridge. Subject

tchhiked a ride in Boston andgun point was relieved of

'0.00 and his watch. Occu-

repa -)re-d bV ('aliipus Pai',-ol to replr-t c'i 1-.O' . czi:--- - 'r : in thc MIlI]

pants of car were three whitemales. Sutbect had no MIT affil-iation. Patrols alerted, subjectturned over to Cambridg e PoliceDepartment who are investigat-ing.

11/14173 - 9:40amReport of intruders at NW 14.

Complainant reports that uponreturning to his office he observ-ed a male standing in corridor,that upon entering office hesurprised his partner rifling thedesk drawers. A knife was flash-ed by the intruders after whichboth intruders left area.

11/14/73 - 12:05amApprehension and arrest of a

"Memorial Drive Car Peeper"who upon being discoveredwould take refuge in the base-mnent of Walker Memorial. Sub-ject is well known to CampusPatrol and has been arrested andconvicted for similar acts in thepast.

I 1/1 5/73 -1: 20amRecovery of a stolen motor

vehicle in Kresge Parking Lot.\

Vehicle o abandoned withmotor 5 7_= - c

I / - 5/73 - 4:00pLarce. y o' - a ladies pur-se

w hic n -- s l- eft o n- desk of anopen- Tc = in -icCormick Hall;No st-ran e-- seen in area.

I/ , _, ,73 - lO:5pmHitc L -h-er reports armed rob-

bery. M_ st-dnt reports beingpick.¢d 7 7 7MassachusettsAvenue ;v t hre e hfighschooi ageappe(arinr-= . uZ.s-s driving a greensedan Ai-[;sa ctusetts registration,nunmber -- ,vn He describedtwo of -te 2 _ ,-o ths as: one hav-ing long l:o ulder length courseblack hai- and one blonde hairyouth- Vh--ien resisting the lar-ceny he a s ttrck on the headwith a scz-rxv- driver and was ableto ijum = - t-h e vehicle as itslowed dcl- - _escription of theassailants -Doa dcast to all MITand Cam - ge Patrols Victimtreated at - frmary and releas-ed. Victi:. _ eels that. he couldidentify ass ai2- a t s

of today's worldin city streetsand suburban homeson the campusand in the parish:facing the issues

of poverty and peaceinjustice and warand listeningfor sounds of loveand signs of hope

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ONCE A KNIGHT WAS ADVISEDBY HIS FRIEND ANP ROOMMATE,A DRAGON, THAT THE PURSUITOF ACADEMICS MIGHT NOT BEBEST SUITED TO ONE OF SOARTISTIC A TEMPERAMENT, ANDTHAT THE KNIGHT COULD BESTACHIEVE THE GREATNESS THATWAS HIS DESTINY BY PURSUINGA COURSE IN FILM MAKING.

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THE KNIGHT DID SEE THE WIc " V ;~OF THE DIRAGON'S ADVICE ,AN TDID REGISTER FOR THE COU'RF-AND COMMENCE WITH STU2I51PREPARATIONS.

'W-/ 'CH P.REPAIRATIONS WEREsOON HNTERRUPTEP BY REVERIESOF=- CINEMATIC CELEBRITY. .HEDRE-AMED HIMSELF DIRECTING ACA5T OF THOUSANDS IN AiN-E/A5CQPE RENPIT10N OF THELFE OF IMMANUEL KANTr

OR ENGAGEP IN A FILM/C HIGH NO0NSHOWDOWN WiTH DIRTY JOHN,IGNOBLE VILLAIN OF A FILM BASEDON A THIRD-RATE JOKE CALLED

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OR, PINNACLE OF PINNACLES,APPEARING AS AN URBANESPOKESMAN IN A GENUINESCHAEFER BEER COMMERCIAL.

BUT, ALAS, HE WAS CALLEPD AC•-FROM HI5 REVER!ES,

.aNl WAS GIVEN BEY HIS INSTRUCTOR:-i~Z =IRST ASSIGNMENT': HE WOULD,CH eJOY, BEE SPECIAL-E-EFFECTS MAN;=OR A DOCUMENTARY FILM-TNTATIVELY TITLED "THE MATING;~A iTS OF 7HE CLIFF PIGEON."

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PAGE4 TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20,1973 THE TECH

E~~M H E 3

The Committee on -Academic Performance has suggested possiblecalendar changes for second term of this year; both options they offer areinfeasible.

If their first suggestion - which essentially moves back the entiresecond term three days - is adopted, the burden falls mainly or, poorerstudents. Any student on a demand-scheduled flight at the end of Januaryhas already paid a $20 deposit for his or her reservation and stands to loseas much as $65 more if he or she has to pay full fare.

The move also has an adverse effect on students who have arranged forjobs during lAP; they must now lose four working days to return to MITin time for registration.

In addition, the end-of-lAP vacation is used by several fraternities forinitiation, which would be disrupted if Registration Day is moved up andthe vacation eliminated.

The second alternative, to turn four day weekends during secondterm into three day weekends, would remove an important source ofrelease for students. The proposal constitutes a 25 percent cut in each of

the weekends, and a definite drop in the number of vacation days duringthe term. It would also make it difficult for students who live outside theBoston area to get home for the weekend.

Both of the CAP's suggestions provide the same schedule for the end o fthe term: they suggest no intervening weekend between the last day ofclasses without finals and the first day of finals. Students could easily haveterm papers due on May 14, and finals the next day. That situation isgrossly unfair.

If the faculty are concerned, the concern should have been expressed ayear ago, when Commencement' could have been moved. It's too late nowto start changing around the second term.

We understand that the CAP has worked hard to devise these plans forrelieving what they feel is a very real problem. There is no doubt but thatall due precautions must be taken this year - followed by permanentaction in the future. But the suggestions they offer will be of onlydoubtful benefit to a few, while demanding a very real and very high pricefrom the student body.

S " fr mI W 0ig~WASHINGTON, Nov 16 - On the first

anniversary of his stunning electoral vic-tory, Richard Nixon informed the nationof his plans for coping with two rapidlyexpanding domestic crises - energy andWatergate.

Energy shortages, due to greatly in-creased consumption and constant orslowly increasing supply even at higherprices, have been forecast for some time,but most observers expected their fullimpact to be felt later in this decade.Cyclical shortages of heating oil andautomotive gasoline were initiated largelyby Mr. Nixon's inept application of pricecontrols in August 1971, pursuant toauthority granted by the Economic Sta-bilization Act of i970. The controlledprice of heating oil was set at a levelwhich made it more profitable for re-finery operators to prod uce gasoline thanheating oil; this led to a heating oilshortage in the 1972-73 heating season.When the shortage's impact was per-ceived, refinery runs were shifted fromngasoline to heating oil leading to a gaso-line shortlnge in the suminimer of 1973followed hy this winter's expectedheating oil shortage. Embargoes on oilshipments to the US instituted by theArab nmembers of the Organization ofPetroleunm Exporting Courntries (OPEC)in the wake of the latest Arab-Israeli Wardoubled or trebled the shortage's muagni-tude.

Before delving into the numbers, itmust be noted that most, if not all,energy production and consumption esti-mates are crude at best due to an absenceof the requisite data collection effortoutside the energy industries. Even theseindustries do not have a sufficientlydetailed grasp of the precise numbers. Oil.to cite one example, travels a circuitouspath from oil well to final consumer; oilproduced in Saudi Arabia may be shippedto Europe, partially refined, shipped tothe Caribbean, further refined, shipped tothe US, transported cross-country bypipeline. and then trucked to a finaldestination.

It is estimated that the US, prior tothe embargo, imported 10 percent of itsoil directly from Arab sources whileanother 10 percent was imported indi-rectly from Arab countries. An additional15 percent of oil consumed domesticallyis supplied by non-Arab nations such asCanada, Venezuela, and Indonesia. Thus,this country produces only 65 percent ofits current oil demand internally. We,however, are fortunate compared to theJapanese, who import approximately 90percent of their oil, and the CommonMarket countries, who, on the average,import 75 percent of their oil.

Underlying Mr. Nixon's basic energydecisions was the theme that "the fuelcrisis need not mean genutine suffering forany American. But it will require somesacrifice by all Americans."

According to the President, the impli-cations of the emergency measures are:"In the short run, this course means thatwe must use less energy - that means lessheat, less electricity, less gasoline. In thelong run, it means that we must developnew sources of energy which will give usthe capacity to meet our needs withoutrelying on any foreign nation."

Last winter a considerable number ofindustrial plants and schools in severalMidwestern states were forced to closebecause of the heating oil shortage. Thatthis phenomenon would spread this win-ter, putting even more people out ofwork, was obvious. For some reason(whether it was preoccuaption with for-eign affairs to the neglect of domrnesticneeds or the distraction of what Presiden-tial Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler re-cently termed the "Watergate foolish-ness" is irrelevant) the government didnot devise reasonable contingency plansearlier this year; hence Mr. Nixon is nowforced to propose measures which mayprove to be too little, too late, and toopoorly conceived.

The following steps were announcedto cope with the short-term problems:1) Industries and utilities which use coalwill be prevented from converting to oil.Efforts will be made to convert powerplants from oil to coal.2) Reduced allocations of fuel to aircraftwill lead to a reduction of more than 10%in the number of flights and some re-scheduling of flight times.3) The amount of heating oil supplied tohomes, offices, and other commercialestablishmnents will be reduced by approx-imately 1 5 percent.4) Further reductions in the energy con-sumed by the Federal government will bemade.5) The Atomic Energy Commission(AEC) is being requested to reduce thelicensing and construction time for nu-clear power reactors from 10 to 6 years.6) Governors and mayors are being askedto implement energy conservation mea-sures within their jurisdictions.

Several observations must be madeabout these unilateral suggestions andadministrative orders. First, if everyone inthe country complied with the energyconservation measures enumerated above,the US would probably be able to reduceits total consumption of petroleum pro-ducts by approximately 15 percent whichis near the upper limit (1 7 percent is theestimated oil deficit) on the shortfallexpected this heating season. However,human nature being what it is, there are anumber of disincentives militating againstfull voluntary compliance with all of thenecessary conservation steps. For exarnm-ple, in the absence of an enforced 50 mphspeed limit, people will be wont to forgeahead at 70mph and leave conservation tosomeone else. Heating oil allocations thisyear are being made on the basis ofheating oil consumption last year. Thus,if a household strives mightily to conserveas much fuel as possible this year will theinhabitants be limited next year to thereduced amount of fuel they consumedthis year while their wasteful neighborswho did not conserve oil continue toreceive as much fuel as they received inpast years? Several instances of new usersnot receiving heating or fuel oil this yearbecause they were not customers last yearhave been reported. Since full voluntarycompliance with energy conservationmeasures is unlikely, it is estimated thatthe savings resulting from the steps an-nounced on November 7 will lead to areducion in petroleum consumption ofapproximately 7 percent which would

leave a petroleum shortfall approaching10 percent of US demand.

Second, some of the measures that Mr.Nixon claimed were intended to copewith the short-term problems (i.e. fromnow until the end of the 1973-74 heatingseason next spring) can not have anappreciable effect in this time periodbecause several months, or more, arerequired for their implementation. Forexample, the Administration alleges that46 power plants have indicated a capacityto convert from oil to coal within 60days. The potential savings to be realizedfrom this conversion are 400,000 barrelsof oil per day (2.4 percent of currentdaily oil consumption). Actual conver-sions will depend upon such factors as theavailability of coal, transportation andstorage facilities, and variances from Stateand Federal air quality regulations.Hence, the first of the converted plantswill probably not begin to use coal untilmid-January at the earliest. Furthermore,conversion times of other power plantsrange up to 6 months; thus, some conver-sions initiated now might not be com-pleted until mid-May. Such conversionswould not help meet the nation's energyrequirements this winter but they woulddefinitely aid utilities and industries thatconvert from oil to coal to further pollutethe atmosphere in the vicinity of theirplants in violation of the requirements ofthe National Environmental ProtectionAct (NEPA). There is serious doubt withinthie coal industry as to whether or not itcan meet the expected increased demandfor coal caused by oil-to-coal conversions.

Third, the request to the AEC tospeed-up the licensing and constructiontime for nuclear power plants, whileincluded in the section on short-termmeasures, would not have an appreciableeffect on the energy situation for years.This step would also circumvent certainsafety and environmental protectionmeasures instituted by both the AEC andthe Environmental Protection Agency(EPA).

Thus, the short term measures pro-posed, if faithfully followed by all Ameri-cans, might successfully cope with tilecurrently projected oil shortages this win-ter; the measures' long term effect mightbe to degrade environmental quality.

The following legislative action orgrants of authority to the President ofExecutive agencies on energy emergencygrounds were also requested either in Mr.Nixon's speech or in his Nov. 8 messageto the Congress:1) An immediate return to year-roundDaylight Saving Time.2) Authority to "relax environmentalregulations on a temporary case-by-casebasis, thus permitting an appropriate bal-ancing of our environmental interests,which all of us share, with our energyrequirements, which, of course, are indis-pensable."'3) Authority to impose special energyconservation measures such as restrictionson working hours.4) Approval and funding of increasedexploration, development, and produc-tion from Naval Petroleum Reserves.5) Authority to impose national highwayspeed limits.6) Expansion of government regulatory

agencies' powers to adjust common car-riers' schedules.7) Authorization of Alaskan pipeline con-struction. (The measure was passed bythe Congress on Nov 13 and signed intolaw by the President today.) :8) Authorization for the exemption ofgranting of waivers of stationary sources(e.g. power plants and refineries) fromFederal and State air and water qualitylaws and regulations.9) Authorization for the exemption ofsteps taken under the energy emergencyact from the requirements of the NEPA.10) Authorization for the AEC to grant atemporary operating license for up to 18months for nuclear power plants t'ithoutzholding a public hearing.11) Authorization for the President "'toorder a power plant or other installationto convert from the use of a fuel such asoil to another fuel such as coal and tomake such equipment conversions as arenecessary."12) Grant the President additionalauthority to allocate and ration energysupplies.13) Provide additional authority to en-courage greater use of funds from theFederal-Aid Highway Act oft' 1973 formass transit capital improveincnts.14) Provide the FedIcral lPower Com-mission with authority, during the dura-tion of the emiergency, to suLIspenId theregulation of prices of new natural gas atthe wellhead.15) Authorize the President "to exerciseany authority now contained in theDefense Production Act, the EconomnicStabilization Act, and the Export Ad-ministration Act. even though those actsmay hlave otherwise expired."16) Creation of an Energy Research andDevelopment Admninistration (ERDA)which would direct the expenditure of$10 billion over the next 7 years. Themain duty of ERDA would be to success-fully administer the newly proclaimed

(Co n tinued on folio wing page)

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~~~~ II __~~~~~~~~~~-~

19

THE TECH TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1973 PAGE 5

S (--fr, «aIn rgton(Continued from preceeding paged

Project Independence (compared by Mr.Nixon to the World War II ManhattanProject, which produced the atomicbomb, and the Apollo Project, whichplaced Americans on the Moon) whosegoal is national self-sufficiency by i 980.

As if that were not enough newauthority, Mr. Nixon also requested quickaction on pending proposals whichwould:I) Permit the competitive pricing of newnatural gas. (This would increase pro-ducers' profits and consumers' costs).2) Provide reasonable standards for thesurface mining of coal (N.B.- the defi-nition of "reasonable" differs dependingon whether one is a coal producer orinhabitant of the coal producing region.)3) Provide simplified procedures for thesiting and approving of electric energyfacilities.4) Provide procedures for approving con-struction and operation of deepwaterports. (Procedures exist for approving theconstruction of electric power plants anddeepwater ports; however the existingprocedures place on a different value onenvironmental and safety concerns thandoes Mr. Nixon and his advisors).5) Create a Department of Energy andNatural Resources.

Thus, in the midst of a long-predictedenergy shortage which was hastened bythe Middle East War, a beleagured Presi-dent appealed to the nation for a grant ofunprecedented powers.

There arose those who would term theNixon energy emergency proposals an"environmental Tonkin Gulf." This writerprefers to observe that although there isundoubtedly due cause in this instancefor remedial action it is not obvious thatsuch broad long-term authority should beconferred without substantial publicdebate and participation.

Consider for a moment the potentialimpact of some of the authority thePresident has requested in this emer-gency. The Naval Petroleum Reservesexist to provide the Navy with fuel for its

ships during a war in which peacetimesupplies are unavailable. Already Singa-pore has cut petroleum deliveries to theUS Seventh Fleet. Thus, the possibilityexists that crucial defense industries willbecome dependent upon oil from thePetroleum Reserves which will be un-available in a national emergency. At sucha time, critical defense production mightsuffer.

There is no such thing as an AEC grantof a "temporapy" operating license to anuclear power plant operator for 18months. Once the plant commencesoperations, industries, offices, and homesprovided with electricity by the plant willbecome dependent on it. At the end of18 months, if it were decided that theplant's license should not be extended ormade permanent due to safety or environ-mental reasons, there would be over-whelming economic pressures to allowthire plant to continue generating power.Furthermore, people should have theopportunity to comment at an openhearing before anything as potentiallydangerous as an atomic reactor is locatedin their vicinity.

Enormous powers are contained in theDefense Production Act and the Eco-nomic Stabilization Act; serious con-sideration should be given to thepotential consequences of granting theseActs' powers, designed to cope withentirely different types of emergencies, tothe President. Bear in mind that it wasPresident Nixon's maladministration ofthe Economic Stabilization Act whichwas at least partly responsible for recentcyclical heating and fuel oil shortages.

Much as Richard Nixon wishes hecould make it disappear along with themissing tapes, Congress still lives andbreathes however feebly. Senator HenryJackson D-Wash., chairman of the Coinm-mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs,and his staff, are cognizant of the factthat the measures proposed by the Presi-dent would lead to a significant reductionof environmental safeguards, increasedconsumer costs, and financial windfalls

for the oil, gas, coal, and electric utilityindustries. Accordingly, Jackson's com-mittee will not act soon, if at all, on theAdministration's proposed energy emer-gency act.

However, events create a momentumof their own. Jackson and other Con-gressmen think that they must do some-thing, regardless of the merits of theaction, and thus Jackson's NationalEnergy Emergency Act of 1973 is beingsped down the legislative trail. The Jack-son bill has flaws not the least of which isan apparent failure to understand theimplications of some of the mandatedmeasures. The bill, in its present incar-nation, appears to provide the Presidentwith those powers necessary andsufficient to managing the crisis and todeny the President excessive authority.The Congress thinks that it must act tocreate the image of responding to thesituation and meeting the President'schallenge. At this writing it appears thatwhile the Congress intends to keep theirconstituents' factories open and suppliedwith fuel, it does not appear to be in themood to grant Richard Nixon additionalpower to confer vast financial benefits onsome of his campaign contributors. TheCongress will also look askance at anyfar-reaching, long-term abrogation of theenvironmental portection laws and regula-tions.

It has been clear for some timethat economic costs would be associatedwith the cleaning up of the environment:now this issue must be squarely faced. Towhat extent should our environment bedegraded in order to meet our economy'senergy requirements? Complex economicquestions of the following type requireanswers:I) How much will an increase in thegasoline tax decrease demand forgasoline?2) What is the monetary value of changesin the amount and size of particulatematter suspended in the air?3) What should fiscal and monetarypolicy be in the presence of crucial

resource shortages? If fiscal and monetarypolicy is expansionist, wild inflationcould ensue. If fiscal and monetary policyis geared to prevent inflation in theresource-constrained sectors, slowdownsmay occur in t he non-resource-constrained sectors.

Some of these questions can heanswered and should have been long ago;others can not be answered quantita-tively.

The Administration consciously chosenot to seek answers to similar pressingproblems of public policy when it poli-ticized the Energy Policy Office by selec-ting former Colorado Governor John Loveas EPO Director. According to severalindependent observers, most of the EPOstaff members, Love included, lack theexperience and analytical skills requisiteto designing and implementing a reason-able national energy policy. EPO staffersare experts in the art of soothing poli-ticians and the press, or claim to be; theyare much less successful in understandingthe complexities of the nation's energyproblems. It is unfortunate, but onceagain Richard Nixon has chosen to dealwith the politics of a problem rather thanwith the problem itself.

In closing the energy address on apersonal note, Mr. Nixon said: "As longas I am physically able, I am going tocontinue to work 16 or 18 hours a dayfor the cause of real peace abroad, andfor the cause of prosperity without in-flation and without war at home." Morethan one Nixon watcher opined that thiscuriously phrased statement provided anindication of Mr. Nixon's future coursewith respect to Watergate.

Impeachment, with or without con-viction, or resignation under pressurewould be a disgraceful end to a historicAmerican political career. However, aresignation under doctor's orders for thegood of the country - in the interest ofhaving a healthy President in office -might be the most graceful exit possible.(SQA from Washngtonl is a semi-regularfeature of The Tech editorial page.)

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THETECH TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1973 PAGE7

Open S:00 to 5:30 354-(-,1

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(Continued f'onm page 2)price too high, they'll stimulateexcessive drilling elsewhere inthe world, and in the long runthey will find that the marketwill come back- to some accept-able price.

I think that the cutoff of oilto the US is not hurting themeconomically. They have ade-quate return on the oil they areselling to Western Europe. Theycan cut off the 20 per cent theyare feeding through to us, raisethe price 20 per cent, and makethe same money, in the shortrun. They're clearly trying toinfluence us politically. Anyother interpretation is simplynot looking at the facts. They infact, do not need our market.

The rest of the industrialworld has a large enoughthirst for oil that they can get allthe revenues they want fromthem.

Q: Will MIT have the same kindof leadership role in Energy as ithad in radar during world warII? A: That, in fact, is why theEnergy Lab was established. Ifyou look at the structure of it, itwas set up as a special lab underthe Vice President for research,analagous to Draper or Lincoln. Itwas set up so it could have alarge number of professionalpeople that work with the facul-ty and students, so we can takeon major projects and deliver.

We in fact anticipated theneed for this kind of effort farbefore the President's speeches.Hopefully, we will have thatkind of a program.

I firmly believe we wouldhave had that kind of a programwhether the present crisis,brought about by a cutoff ofsupplies from the Middle East,had occured or not.

of funding would have comeanyhow, because there is a need,irrespective of the present sup-ply interruption.

Q: What is the current fundinglevel? A: Through the energy labat the moment, about S1million. Through MST as whole,between $5-7 million. The latestnumbers I have found for thisyear, depending on where youdraw the line between energyand something else, around $7million.

Q: Does the lab have credibilityproblems, looking like a johnny-come-lately? A: It varies. Insome areas, it is clearly lookedon as a johnny-come-lately.They will admit that it is neces-sary, but they will also ask whyyou didn't do it 20 years ago.

You can always say that. Ifone wants to be critical, one canalways find something to becritical of. I would say that mostof the places and people we talkto recognize that this kind of

(Please turn to page 11)

Q: Will the President's plansQ: In fact, do we need their oil? mean morle MIT funding? A:A:No , not in the lon g run. Possibly. I believe that that level

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A reflection in the mylar sheet, stretched across the lobby at the 3rd floor.

in the Building 7Lobby

One of the terraria, with the rain clouds in the background.Photos by Roger Goldstein

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THE TECH TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1973 PAGE 9

(This is the first issue in whichthe The Tech Review of Bookswill appear as a seperate feature,independent of the Arts Section.The Tech hopes to present theReview on a semi-regular basis inthe future, as books becomeavailable for review. - Editor.)

Vonnegutnot f y

Breakfast of ChampionsBy Kurt Vonnegut

Delacorte Press, $7.95

By Paul SchindlerDied-in-the-wool Vonnegur

fans will consider this a must,but it should not be the firstbook of his that you read. If itis, you will be disappointed, andyou will wonder at his greatreputation.

For the most part, this bookproves that he can't draw, andthat he is capable of writing abook that goes on for pageswithout being funny, written ina style which seems like firstperson, but changes perspectiveoften enough to make onecurious about what is going on.

All this is OK if you haveread an, o- his previous books:

God Kl's-, Youe Mr. Rosewater;(Cat's Cradle: S!aughtero useFive. His greatest virtue is nothis ability to write somethingfunny - really laugh-out-loud-funny - on every page, but hiscomedic art overwhelms hisnovelisr's art in the earlierworks, while the oppositc 's tr'ein this case.

L.

This book is Vonnegut's 50thbirthday present to himself, hetells us, and in it he is going toliberate the menagerie that hasserved him so well in his pre-vious efforts, most especiallyElliot Rosewater and KilgoreTrout, a philanthropist-crazyand a science fiction-writer-crazy, respectively.

In the past, it was possible toassume that Trout was Vonne-

gut, but since he himself appearsin this story, that assumption isno longer valid. Thus, the authorlooks a little less crazy thanusual in this novel.

Vonnegut's tiumor is thehumor of context. so it is verydifficult to pull a few, lines fromthe book to illustrate this man'swit.

Suffice it to say chat he isfunny in BreakJas: althoughless funny than in is otherLok s (he exprec-,Cs antiddevelops a concept of nerves aswvires and evil a, thc result tof

FS-_7lsc~~~s9 'I r" ,, C, .1, I, ;91

bad chemicals, thus touchingbase with his science-fictionroots, which is where most MITstudents probably know himfrom), and the book is worthreading. But as noted before,only if you've read one of hisothers.

Breakfast fAfC a p nBy Michael McNamee

I remember reading, duringmy time as a hard-core sciencefiction fan, an interview withKurt Vonnegut in which hestated something to the effectthat the had '"started out as asci-fi writer, but outgrew it." Atthat time, I was outraged - thisguy owed his position in litera-ture to sci-fi and here he wasscorning it, treating it like this!!!I've come to change my mind,however, as I've become less arabid fan, and Vonnegut wrotehis latest two books, Slaughter-

house .7ive and Breakfist ofChampions. Maybe its just aswell - for sci-fi and for Vonne-gut - if he is no longer

associated with the field.V onn egut's long suit, i

always seemned to me, was s(,ciacomment in a very biting andscathing, but nevertheless funnl.form. It was a jlob that was wesuited to both sci-fi and hum.-,

(Plcase ttirn to page 1 2)

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PAGE10 TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1973 THETECH

NUTS & SCREWS bv Fred Hutchison

CouL-D -/C;o -EL-'- / ,

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sea-surface temperatures..tsearches for fishing grousnow cover data to be usecontrol studies, and viewsterrestrial- features in dayto provide 24-hour globa.

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of this memory includepacking densities of 625 n

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iso investi- ial with anF The un- MARTIN MARIETTA AEROSPACE4effects in has signed an agreement with a Westare related German company, Messerschmitt-

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IM.I.T. alumni across the country are inviting studentto spend lAP with them in their place of work. You cavisit for a day, a week, or the whole of lAP. Somalumni may have you sit in on projects on which theare engaged; others may assign you to a project of youowrn.

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THETECH TUESDAY, NC- VEEMBER20, i973 PAGE 11

pc> sed to the Dean (of theSSthool of Engineering) thatb.holding 31 be used as a focusfor a fuels combustion and con-version laboratory. There is es-semr tial agreemnllt on this andwe:-"re trying to increase signifi-ca-i- tly the activity over there.

['T'jzz rest of this in terview willbe published in the issue ofTtz- esday, November 27 -Ed £z r)

{Continued from page 7)integrated approach to the prob-lem is necessary, and are happythat the Institute has taken thesteps to do something about it.

In the general sense, I think itis one of pleasure that the Insti-tute is moving, and hope that itwill do it well. With always thosewho disagree and therefore crit-icize; that's life.

Q: What are the major energyresearch projects at MIT? A: Letme speak of the independentones first. There is a major ener-gy program going on in thenuclear engineering department;in fact that whole department isenergy.

The fusion program, handledthrough the Research Lab ofElectronics, has kind of an inter-disciplinary group doing plasmaresearch for the last 20 yearshere. It is physically located inthe National Magnet Laboratory.It is called the Alcator project,and there are a fair number offaculty involved.

The director of the NationalMagnet Lab is pushing theLAMP program: Laser ActivatedMagneto Plasma, a fusionscheme. The plasma group,which has always focusedthrough RLE, through physics,through EE, through some peo-ple in Aero and Astro, peoplefrom ME, nuclear people, mate-

rials people, has been a big groupfor a long time.

The nuclear and fusion pro-grams are big, and you have awhole host of programs includ-ing nuclear safety, and fuelsmanagement there.

Around building 31, you havework on the internal combustionengine.

Q: Is there promise left in theinternal combustion engine? A:Sure. Absolutely. Let me addressthat a little bit. That's not myfield, but I have been talking tothese people. There are twoways to change the internal com-bustion engine to deal with theemission problem. One is to addstuff on at the end, the other isto look at the combustion end.

Stratified charge engines, fuelinjection systems, are looking atthe input end. My colleagueshere feel that is the sensible wayto go. If you can in fact under-stand how you mix the fuels,how you inject them within thecylinder, whether you want thefuel-rich or fuel-lean mixture,and by so doing shift the emis-sion characteristics - what'sformed in the combustion pro-cess, then you don't have toclean it up when it comes outthe end.

Q: Doesn't that seem promisingfor some basic research? A:

There is some excellent basicresearch. What you have to real-ly find out are what are thekinetics of the reaction. Onceyou find out that, you can tryshifting things a little bit toreduce the NO, you can makesure all the hydrocarbons areburned . .

Q: So the internal combustionengine is not dead? A: I wouldsay it is not dead at all. As amatter of fact, I would arguethat this is backed up by areport to the National Academyof Sciences on combustion en-gines, it's backed up by some ofthe results that have come out ofthese Japanese engines.

I think that the present fix,which was put into effect on acrash basis to meet a set ofstandards - which I think wetried to push too fast - was anadd-on system. That one is al-most certainly doomed to be afailure in the long-run, don't askme when. What's going to comein is a modified front end to the

IC engine which I think will do asuperb job.

In that building 31 complex,there is also fuels research, and aturbine laboratory, now it isreally gas turbines. You've gotan enormous activity there thathas been going on for years.

The people there are workingwith the Energy Lab in a co-operative way, and we have pro-

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(Continued from page 11)

- SF allowing him freedomfrom customary plotlines andsituations (see Player Piano), andthe humor lets him slipheretic ideas into your con-sciousness painlessly, evenletting you enjoy the process. Iwouldn't say that the humorever overrode the message,but it was important as part ofthe style, it made sure you gotthe message. It was a subtlehumrnor, situational, not overt.

In his last two books, andespecially in Breakfast, Vonne-gut has seemed to leave his paststyles behind, and hasn't, in myopinion, found anything better.Breakfast of Champions is a con-fusing book: the perspectivechanges, it is broken by Vonne-gut's little sketches and pocketdefinitions, and the pacing seemsall wrong - the book takesforever to get to what is sup-posed to be the main action,when used-car salesman DwayneHoover goes bananas, killing andmaiming several people. Thereader is left wondering how thiswill all be worked out, when,before he realizes it, he's facingthe blank endpiece, and Break-fast is over.

I wouldn't quibble over whatmight seem to be stylistic pointsif the message was still there,and it still came through. ButVonnegut doesn't seem to besaying anything beyond the fewpokes he takes at human societyas his carnival rolls down theroad. Perhaps Vonnegut simplyis freeing his stock of charactersin the "50th-birthday gift" tohimself, but he left me wishingthat they would have leftquietly, without the fuss that ismade in Breakfast ofChampions.

One wonders if Breakfast waswritten for human readership-I often got the feeling that Von-negut meant his book as a manu-al for Trafalrnordians when theycome to Earth after human so-ciety is all over. Whatever hisintentions, I prefer to rememberVonnegut from the days whenhe was a science fiction writer,and, without belaboring thepoint, was trying to tell humansabout themselves.

Paul Schindler '74 is Editor-in-Chief of The Tech and has beenreviewing books and mnovies forthe paper for several years.Michael McNamee '76 is a NewsEditor and editor of the Reviewof Books.

I

11-7

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 5:15 P.M.

THE NATURE OFSCIENTIFIC DISCO VER Y

Dr. Hans-Lukas Teuber, Head of the Psy-chology Department, MI..T.

Respondent: Jerry A. Fodor, Professor ofPhilosophy and Psycholiguistics

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 5:30 P.M.

CHALLENGE TO HIGHER EDUCATION: A

SINGLE STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE?

Dr. Kenneth B3. Clark, Distinguished Professorof Psychology, C.U.N.Y., and President ofMetropolitan Applied Research Center,N.Y.C.

Respondent: Jerome B. Wiesner, President,M.I.T. (One other, to be announced)

6:45 P.M. Buffet Supper, Student Center7:30- 9:00 P.M. Open Discussion

ALL WELCONE

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