I'IFIITIIBIR UNIVERSITY

OF SCIEI'ICE HI'ID TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF HEALTH AND APPLIED SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES

QUALIFICATION:

QUALIFICATION CODE: LEVEL: 4

COURSE CODE: BSC4105 COURSE NAME: BASIC SCIENCE

SESSION: JANUARY 2018 PAPER: THEORY

DURATION: 3 HOURS MARKS: 100

SECOND OPPORTUNITY/SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION PAPER [FM + PM + DM]

EXAMINER(S) DR. JULIEN LUSILAO, MR. MUNYARADZI ZIVUKU AND DR. ROSWITA HAMUNYELA,

MR. VAINO INDONGO

MODERATOR: PROF HABAUKA KWAAMBWA

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Write all your answers in the answer booklet provided, use black/blue ink pen only.

2. Read the whole question before answering.

3. Begin each question on a new page.

4. The Periodic Table is attached at the back of this question paper.

PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS

1. Examination script

2. Scientific Calculator

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 10 PAGES

(INCLUDING THIS FRONT PAGE AND PERIODIC TABLE)

1|Page

SECTION A: BIOLOGY [35]

QUESTION 1: [20]

Question Type: Multiple Choice. Choose and write a letter corresponding to the correct

answer. Each correct answer carries 2 marks.

1.1 A population is a group of; (2)

A. communities in an ecosystem

B. individuals in a species

C. species in a communityD. individuals in a family

1.2 Abiotic factors are elements that compose a given environment such as; (2)

A. light, temperature, minerals, water

B. gases, atmospheric pressure, rocks, fungiC. water, sunlight, microorganisms, minerals

D. soil, gases, epiphytes, light

1.3 Viruses are assigned to the kingdom; (2)

A. Archaebacteria

B. Eubacteria

C. Protista

D. None of the above

1.4 How are humans classified? (2)

A. as protozoans within the protist kingdomB. as animals within the moneran kingdomC. as vertebrates within the animal kingdomD. Humans are not included in the classification scheme.

1.5 Viruses are assigned to the kingdom; (2)

A. Archaebacteria

B. Eubacteria

C. Protista

D. None of the above

1.6 How does water act in most solutions? (2)

A. It is a universal solute, dissolving mostly ionic or polar covalent substances

B. It is a universal solvent, dissolving mostly ionic or polar covalent substances

C. It is a universal solute, dissolving mostly non-polar covalent substances.

D. It is a universal solvent, dissolving mostly non-polar substances.

ZIP‘age

1.7 All of the following are functions of lipids except;

A. Saving energy reserves.

B. Signalling molecules for biochemical reactions.

C. Being important components of cell membranes.

D. Being important for growth of cells.

1.8 All of the following are true about fermentation except;

A. It improves the sensory characteristics of food

B. It is undesirable process in the food industry as it spoils the food

C. It extends the shelf life of food

D. It changes the nutritional value of food for example converting milk into cheese.

1.9 During fermentation of bread, dough is often needed to;

A. help in lighten the bread.

B. provide a source of oxygen so that the yeast can respire anaerobically.C. to increase the quantity of bread.

D. all of the above.

1.10 Which one is the main product of organic acid fermentation under anaerobic conditions?

A. heat energy

B. microorganismsC. methane gas

D. water

QUESTION 2: Structured questions.

2.1 Define the terms ’autotrophs’ and ’heterotrophs’.

2.2 Using the Taxonomic Key below, what steps would you use to identify an apple?

1a Fruits occur singly ....................................................... Go to 3

1b Fruits occur in clusters of two or more .......................... Go to 2

2a Fruits are round ........................................................... Grapes

2b Fruits are elongate ...................................................... Bananas

3a Thick skin that separates easily from flesh ......................Oranges

3b Thin skin that adheres to flesh ...................................... Go to 4

4a More than one seed per fruit ........................................ Apples

4b One seed per fruit ....................................................... Go to 5

5a Skin covered with velvety hairs ..................................... Peaches

5b Skin smooth, without hairs ........................................... Plums

l2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

[15]

(2)

(3)

2.3 Given that producers have 170 000 kcal of energy, construct a simplified pyramid of energy to

illustrate the amount of energy at each trophic level up to the quaternary consumers.

3|Page

l5)

2.4 Describe the role of lactic acid bacteria in the manufacture of hard cheese. (5)

SECTION B: CHEMISTRY [35]

QUESTION 3: [10]

Question Type: Multiple Choice. Choose and write a letter corresponding to the correct

answer. Each correct answer carries 1 marks.

3.1 Quantities or dimensions generally accepted as standards for comparisons or exchange

in measurements are called; (1)

A. Values

B. Units

C. Metric system

D. b and c

3.2 Identify the lNCORRECT statement from the following: (1)

A. The weight of an object may change at different locations.

B. All measurements have a degree of error and uncertainty.

C. One Gigabyte is the equivalent of one billion bytes.

D. The accepted or true value in measurements is the actual value measured by an individual

in the lab.

3.3 Identify the heterogeneous mixture from the following: (1)

A. Air

B. Blood

C. Sugar in water

D. A saturated solution of table salt

3.4 Which one of the following statements IS NOT correct about solid substances? (1)

A. Solids have definite shape and volume.

B. True solids have very rigid and ordered structures.

C. In solids, atoms are held tightly together.

D. Atoms in solids do not move at all.

3.5 Identify the INCORRECT statement; (1)

A. All phase changes are physical changes

B. Physical changes do not alter the chemical composition of a substance.

C. Phase changes affect particles arrangement.

D. All physical changes depend on the temperature and pressure of the surroundings.

lllPage

3.6 Atoms of one element are different to those of another element because;

A. They are made of different types of protons

B. They have different number of neutrons

C. They have different number of protons

D. None of the above is correct

3.7 Isotopes of an element;

A. Have similar physical properties

B. Have the same atomic number

C. Have different chemical properties

D. Have different mass numbers

3.8 Dmitri lvanovitch Mendeléev;

A. Discovered the proton.

B. Created the first accepted version of the periodic table.

C. Proposed the first model of the atom.

D. Was the first to suggest the existence of atoms.

3.9 Identify the correct statement;

A. All Arrhenius bases are alkalis.

B. The higher the pH of a solution, the higher its acidity.

C. A strong acid has lots of acid and not much water so must be handled carefully.D. All of the above are NOT correct.

3.10 The pH ofa neutralisation reaction is;

A. 7

B. < 7

C. = 7

D. None of the above

QUESTION 4

4.1 In doing the following calculations, record the answer to the correct number of

significant figures or where applicable, to the correct number of decimal places.

(i) 8.78 — 0.558 + 4.22

(ii) (120.25 — 110.75) / (6.025 -3.075)

(iii) 2424.4 / 6.16

4.2 Express the answer in (iii) using scientific notation.

5|Page

(1)

(1)

l1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(ll

(1)

4.3 Using a Fahrenheit thermometer, a student measured the temperature of an

acetone/dry ice mixture and recorded the value - 68.82 °F. Covert the temperature of

the mixture, using the appropriate formula, into Degree Celcius (°C) and record the

answer to 3 (three) significant figures. (2)

QUESTION 5 [6]

5.1 Classify the following as either physical or chemical change:

i. Smoking a cigarette

ii. Using a detergent to remove stain

iii. Bending and iron bar

iv. Making a 100% orange juice

5.2 Classify the following as element, compound, homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture.

i. A gold bar (1)

ii. Water that boils at 90°C (1)

5.3 Define the following:

i. Synthesis (1)

ii. Decomposition l1)

QUESTION 6 [7]

6.1 Explain why alkali metals such as sodium (Na) are never found as free elements in

nature whereas some transition metals such as gold (Au) are found in nature in their

elemental state. (3)

6.2 Reproduce the table and fill in the gaps in the table. (4)

Note: Symbol = m"””°'E/ement ”m’W’g"

Symbol 3252'

Protons 26 16

Neutrons 30 16

Electrons 46

Mass number 119 32

Net Charge 2+ 4+

6lPage

QUESTION 7 [6]

7.1 Fill in the gaps in the following reactions.

i. Na2C03 + H2504 —> (1)

ii. Mg + HNOa —> (1)

7.2 What is an indicator? (1)

7.3 Give two examples of common indicators. (1)

7.4 Which physical quantity is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution and

what is its SI unit? (2)

SECTION C: PHYSICIS [30]

QUESTION 8: [20]

Question Type: Multiple Choices. Choose and write a letter corresponding to the correct answer.

Each correct answer carries 2 marks.

8.1 ....................... holds quarks together. (2)

A. Gravity

B. Electromagnetic force

C. Strong nuclear force

D. Weak nuclear force

8.2 A unit of force called Newton is equivalent to . (2)

A. g.m/s2

B. kg.ms‘1

C. c.ms'2

D. kg.ms‘2

8.3 The weight of an object is known as . (2)

A. The mass of the object in space

B. The force of an object clue to gravity.

C. The gravitational acceleration of the object.

D. Newton's laws of motion.

8.4 For a force to be observed, two bodies . (2)

Must be in contact.

Do not need to be contact.

Need to have equal forces.009°?. Must have a uniform velocity.

7>|Page

8.5 The gravitational accelerations of the moon and the earth are . (2)

A. The same

B. Different

C. 6.78 m/s2

D. 9.8 m/s2

8.6 An electron and a proton are two particles. (2)

Nucleons

Positively charged

Negatively charged

Unlike charged530?”?8.7 When an atom undergoes fission process, it is a result of . (2)

Weak nuclear force

Strong nuclear force

Gravitational forcePUP“? Electromagnetic force

8.8 Protons and neutrons are known as; (2)

nucleons

photons

charged particles

none of the abovepogo?8.9 A type of electromagnetic radiation which is emitted as a photon from unstable radionuclides is

called . (2)

A Gamma radiation

B Alpha radiation

C. Beta radiation

D Neutrons

8.10 The flow of electrical charges in a closed circuit is known as; (2)

A. acceleration

B. voltage

C. resistance

D. electricity

8II-Page

QUESTION 9: [15]

9.1 Briefly discuss how electricity is generated from nuclear energy. (2)

9.2 A student with a mass of 480 g stands at the top of a hill of height 0.4 Km (Position A),as shown in the diagram below. Note: Answer should be in SI units.

Position A

Position 3

0.4 Km

What is the student’s gravitational potential energy at the top of the hill? (2)Note: Gravitational acceleration (g) = 10 m.s'2

9.3 Study the circuit with appropriate electrical components below:

\j\|lll6V

_ 4o _

Determine:

(i) the resistance in parallel (1)

(ii) resistance in series (1)

(iii) The total resistance of the circuit. (1)

9.4 (i) State the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves. (1)

(ii) Give the definition of the frequency of a wave. (1)

(iii) Three full waves pass a point in a time of 7 seconds. What is the frequency of the wave? (1)

ENDOF EXAM!!!!!!!!!

9|Page

10|Pa7ge

11 H 1.00794

2

3 Li 6.941

4 Be 9.0121811 Na 22.9898

12 Mg 24.305

3

4

PERIODICTABLEOFTHEELEMENTS

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18 2 He 4.00260

5 B 10.81

6 C 12.011

7 N 14.0067

8 0 15.9994

9 F

10 Ne

18.998420.179

13 Al 26.9815

14 Si 28.0855

15 P 30.9738

16 S 32.06

17 Cl 35.453

18 Ar 39.948

19 K 39.0983

20

21

22

Ca

Sc

Ti

40.08

44.9559

47.88

23 V 50.9415

24 Cr5

1

.996

25 Mn 54.9380

26 Fe 55.847

27 Co

.

58.9332

28 58.69

29 Cu 63.546

30 Zn 6538

31 Ga 69.72

32 Ge 72.59

33 As 74.9216

34 Se 78.96

35 Br 79.904

36 Kr 83.8

37 Rb 85.4678

38

39

40

Sr

Y

Zr

87.62

88.9059

91.22

41 Nb 92.9064

42 Mo 95.94

43 Tc (98)

44 R11 101.07

45 Rb 102.906

46 Pd 106.42

47 Ag 107.868

48 Cd 112.41

49 In 114.82

50 Sn 118.69

51 Sb 121.75

52 Te 127.6

53 I 126.9

54 Xe 131.29

55 C8 132.905

56

71

72

Ba

Lu

HI

13733

174.967178.49

73 Ta 180.948

74 W 183.85

75 Re 186207

76 Os 190.2

77 Ir 192.22

78 PT 195.08

79 Au 196.967

80 Hg 200.59

81 T1

82 Pb

204.383

207.2

83 Bi 208.908

84 P0 (209)

85 At (210)

86 Rn (222)

87 Fr (223)

88

103

104

R3

Lr

Rf

226.025

(260)

(261)

105 Db (262)

106 $8 (263)

107 Bh (264)

108 Hs (265)

109 Mt (268)

110 IJun (269)

111 [Juu (272)

112 IJub (269)

114 IJuq

11.6 [Juh

118 IJuo

Lanthanidec: Actinides:

57 La 138.906

58 Ce 140.12

59 Pr 140.908

60 Nd 14424

61 Pm (145)

62 Sm 150.36

63 Eu 151.96

64 Gd 157.25

65 'Fb 158.925

66 162.50

67 Ho 161.930

68 Er 167.26

69 Tm 166.934

70 Yb 173.04

89 Ac 227.028

90 Th 232.038

91 Pa 231.036

92 U

93 N9

238.029237.048

94 Pu (244)

95 Am (243)

96 Cm (247)

97 Bk (247)

98 Cf (251)

99 Es (252)

100 Fm (257)

101 Md (258)

102 No (259)