ii. using the chart……internetfileserver.phillip.com.sg/poems/stocks/chart/... · 2009. 3....

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I. GETTING STARTED........................................................................................….3

STEP 1: SELECT THE COUNTRY OF EXCHANGE............................................................3 STEP 2: SELECT THE TYPES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS...........................................3 STEP 3: SELECT THE COUNTER ..........….....................................................................3

II. USING THE CHART..........................................……...........................................4

1. CHANGING EXCHANGES, INSTRUMENTS & COUNTERS........................................…4 2. SELECTING PRICE STYLES & INDICATORS............…..........................................….4 3. Adding Indicators and Deleting Indicators……………………………………….4 4. ZOOMING & CHANGING PERIODICITY.................…...........................................….7 5. SCROLLING.......................................................…............................................…...8 6. DISPLAYING CROSSHAIRS ............................…..................................................….8 7. DRAWING TRENDLINES .............. .......................................................................….9 8.View Daily Open, High, Low, Close and Volume………………………...……...9

III. PRICE STYLES..................................................................................................10 LINE ...........................................................................................................................10

IV. INDICATORS ..........................................................................................……...10

1.Accumulation/Distribution……………………………………………………….10 2.Accumulative Swing Index………………………………………………………10 3.Aroon……………………………………………………………………………..10 4.Aroon Oscillator…………………………………………………………………. 11 5.Bollinger Bands…………………………………………………………………...11 6.Chaikin Money Flow……………………………………………………………...11 7.Chaikin Oscillator…………………………………………………………………12 8.Chaikin Volatility………………………………………………………………….12 9.Chande Momentum Oscillator…………………………………………………….13 10.Commodity Channel Index (CCI)………………………………………………..13 11.Comparative (Compare) Relative Strength………………………………………13 12.Detrended Price Oscillator……………………………………………………….14 13Directional Movement System……………………………………………………14 14.Ease of Movement………………………………………………………………..14 15.Exponential Moving Average…………………………………………………….14 16.Fractal Chaos Bands……………………………………………………………...15 17.Fractal Chaos Oscillator…………………………………………………………..15 18.High Minus Low………………………………………………………………….15 19.High/Low Bands………………………………………………………………….15 20.Historical volatility……………………………………………………………….15 21.Linear Regression Forecast……………………………………………………….15 22.Linear Regression Intercept………………………………………………………16 23.Linear Regression R-squared……………………………………………………..16 24.Linear Regression Slope………………………………………………………….16 25.MACD……………………………………………………………………………16 26.Mass Index………………………………………………………………………..16 27.Median Price……………………………………………………………………...17 28.Momentum Oscillator…………………………………………………………….17 29.Money Flow Index………………………………………………………………..17

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30.Moving Average Cross Over……………………………………………………..17 31.Moving Average Envelope……………………………………………………….17 32.Negative Volume Index…………………………………………………………..18 33.On Balance Volume………………………………………………………………18 34.Parabolic SAR……………………………………………………………………18 35.Performance Index………………………………………………………………..18 36.Positive Volume Index…………………………………………………………...18 37.Price Oscillator…………………………………………………………………...19 38.Price ROC………………………………………………………………………...19 39.Price Volume Trend………………………………………………………………19 40.Price Number Bands……………………………………………………………...19 41.Price Number Oscillator………………………………………………………….19 42.Rainbow Oscillator……………………………………………………………….20 43.Relative Strength Index…………………………………………………………..20 44.Simple Moving Average………………………………………………………….20 45.Standard Deviation……………………………………………………………….20 46.Stochastic Momentum Index……………………………………………………..20 47.Stochastic Oscillator……………………………………………………………...21 48.Swing Index……………………………………………………………………....21 49.TRIX……………………………………………………………………………...21 50.Time Series Moving Average…………………………………………………….21 51.Trade Volume Index……………………………………………………………...21 52.Triangular Moving Average……………………………………………………...22 53.True Range………………………………………………………………………..22 54.Typical Price……………………………………………………………………...22 55.Ultimate Oscillator………………………………………………………………..22 56.VIDYA Moving Average………………………………………………………...22 57.Variable Moving Average………………………………………………………..22 58.Vertical Horizontal Filter…………………………………………………………23 59.Volume Oscillator………………………………………………………………...23 60.Volume ROC……………………………………………………………………..23 61.Weighted Close…………………………………………………………………...23 62.Weighted Moving Average……………………………………………………….23 63.Welles Wilder Smoothing………………………………………………………...24 64.Williams Accumulation Distribution……………………………………………..24 65.Williams’ %R…………………………………………………………………….24

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I. GETTING STARTED POEMS Advanced charting service is an easy-to-use charting applet which allows you to display charts of stocks, indices, futures, forex, gold and unit trust. To load an Advanced chart, you have to: Step I : Select the Country of Exchange Step II : Select the Types of Financial Instruments Step III : Select the Counter Step IV : Key in your prefer period of years to load the data. (Default is 1,2 & 5

for Daily, Weekly & Monthly respectively) Step V : Click display button to load chart.

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II. USING THE CHART 1. Changing Exchanges, Instruments & Counters Advanced chart can load one year of data for any stocks, indices, futures, forex, gold and unit trust. To change to a new chart, simply change the Country of Exchange, Type of Financial Instrument or Counter; and click on the Submit button. You can simply change the periodicity by selecting one of Daily, Weekly, Monthly & Intraday from the top of the chart page.

2. Selecting Price Styles & Indicators Prices in a chart can be displayed in four standard styles: bar, linear scale, semi-log scale, and candlestick and four extended styles such as Line, Equivolume, Equivolume shadow and Candle volume. Standard styles can be changed by choosing Standard style and then click the desired style button which are located at the left side of the chart. In addition, indicators can be plotted as two different ways. First way is that indicators can be plotted in the price panel at chart and another way is to be plotted with new panel in chart. To select the price style, click on the relevant drop-down. To add indicators, first choose desired indicator from relevant drop-drop and then click Add Indicator.

3. Adding Indicators and Deleting Indicators To add new indicator, you can choose type of indicator from relevant drop-down and choose the place of panel where you want to add. After that, click Add Indicator and then you

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can set the values and choose color to display the indicator in chart (See Fig 1). If you add new indicator to Price Panel, it’ll be plotted at the existing price panel located at the upper part of the chart (See Fig 2). If you add new indicator by creating new panel, it’ll be plotted between price panel and volume panel (lower region of chart) (See Fig 3). To delete indicators, select the indicator that you want to delete as shown in Fig 4. Then click Delete Indicator. Fig 1

Fig 2

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Fig 3

Fig 4

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4. Zooming, Changing Periodicity & Changing language Zooming Click the + (Zoom In) button to progressively zooms-in on the most recent data displayed in the chart. Each time you click the button, the closer it zooms in. Click the – (Zoom out) button to progressively zoom-out on all the data displayed in the chart. Each time you click the button, the further out it zooms. Click the Show All button (A) to display all the available data. To view the specific region in chart by zooming, click Zoom button and set the starting point and ending point by clicking mouse button in the chart (Fig: Specific Zoom)

Fig: Specific Zoom

Changing Periodicity To change the periodicity between daily, weekly, and monthly, click the drop-down menu next to the zooming controls. Choose the desired periodicity.

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5. Scrolling A horizontal scroll bar is located at the bottom of every chart. This scroll bars lets you move forward and backward through the prices and volumes. Click the left scroll button to scroll backward through the data, and click the right scroll button to scroll forward though the data. You an also click and drag the scroll bar to move in either direction.

6. Displaying Crosshairs Crosshairs are helpful when inspecting the relative moves of indicator and price plots. They are also useful for spotting and lining up support/resistance levels. To turn on the crosshairs, just click the cross hair button which is located left to the chart. The intersection of the crosshairs will follow your mouse pointer.

7. Drawing Trendlines A trendline is a sloping line drawn between two prominent points on a chart. To draw a trendline, click the trendline button which is located left to the chart. Click and hold the left mouse button while moving the mouse pointer to an ending point. The trendline (in blue) will stretch as you move the mouse. Release the left mouse button to anchor the trendline. Note that if you refresh the chart by changing periodicity, trendlines will disappear.

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Trendline

8. View Daily Open, High, Low, Close and Volume To view daily Open, High, Low, Close and Volume, you can click on the graph and hold the mouse button and move across the graph.

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III. PRICE STYLES Prices in a chart can be displayed in three styles: bar, line, and candlestick. Bar Candlestick A candlestick is red if the closing price is lower than the opening price. A candlestick is green if the closing price is higher than the opening price. Line A line chart is a basic type of chart common in many fields. It is an extension of a scatter graph, and is created by connecting a series of points that represent individual measurements with line segments. A line chart is often used to visualize a trend in data over intervals of time, thus the line is often drawn chronologically IV. INDICATORS 1. Accumulation/Distribution Overview The Accumulation/Distribution is a momentum indicator that associates changes in price and volume. The indicator is based on the premise that the more volume that accompanies a price move, the more significant the price move. Interpretation The Accumulation/Distribution is really a variation of the more popular On Balance Volume indicator. Both of these indicators attempt to confirm changes in prices by comparing the volume associated with prices. When the Accumulation/Distribution moves up, it shows that the security is being accumulated as most of the volume is associated with upward price movement. When the indicator moves down, it shows that the security is being distributed as most of the volume is associated with downward price movement. Divergences between the Accumulation/Distribution and the security's rice imply a change is imminent. When a divergence does occur, prices sually change to confirm the Accumulation/Distribution. For example, if he indicator is moving up and the security's price is going down, prices will probably reverse. 2. Accumulative Swing Index OverView The Accumulation Swing Index (Wilder) is a cumulative total of the Swing Index. Interpretation The Accumulation Swing Index may be analyzed using technical indicators, line studies, and chart patterns, as an alternative view of price action. 3.Aroon OverView The Aroon indicator is often used to determine whether a stock is trending or not and how stable the trend is. Interpretation Trends are determined by extreme values (above 80) of both lines (Aroon up and Aroon down), whereas unstable prices are determined when both lines are low (less than 20).

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4.Aroon Oscillator Overview The Aroon indicator is often used to determine whether a stock is trending or not and how stable the trend is. Interpretation Trends are determined by extreme values (above 80) of both lines (Aroon up and Aroon down), whereas unstable prices are determined when both lines are low (less than 20). 5.Bollinger Bands OverView Bollinger Bands are similar in comparison to moving average envelopes. Bollinger Bands are calculated using standard deviations instead of shifting bands by a fixed percentage. Interpretation Bollinger Bands (as with most bands) can be imposed over an actual price or another indicator.When prices rise above the upper band or fall below the lower band, a change in direction may occur when the price penetrates the band after a small reversal from the opposite direction. 6. Chaikin Money Flow OverView The Chaikin Money Flow oscillator is a momentum indicator that spots buying and selling by calculating price and volume together. This indicator is based upon Chaikin Accumulation/Distribution, which is in turn based upon the premise that if a stock closes above its midpoint [(high+low)/2] for the day then there was accumulation that day, and if it closes below its midpoint, then there was distribution that day.

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7. Chaikin Oscillator Overview Inspired by the prior work of Joe Granville and Larry Williams, Marc Chaikin developed a new volume indicator, extending the work done by his predecessors. The Chaikin Oscillator is a moving average oscillator based on the Accumulation/Distribution indicator. Interpretation The following discussion of volume accumulation/distribution interpretation, written by Marc Chaikin, is reprinted here with his permission: "The premise behind my oscillator is three-fold. The first premise is that if a stock or market average closes above its midpoint for the day (as defined by [high + low] / 2), then there was accumulation on that day. The closer a stock or average closes to its high, the more accumulation there was. Conversely, if a stock closes below is midpoint for the day, there was distribution on that day. Thecloser a stock closes to its low, the more distribution there was. The second premise is that a healthy advance is accompanied by rising volume and a strong volume accumulation. Since volume is the fuel that powers rallies, it follows that lagging volume on rallies is a sign of less fuel available to move stocks higher. Conversely, declines are usually accompanied by low volume, but end with panic-like liquidation on the part of institutional investors. Thus, we look for a pickup in volume and then lower-lows on reduced volume with some accumulation before a valid bottom can develop. The third premise is that by using the Chaikin Oscillator, you can onitor the flow of volume into and out of the market. Comparing his flow to price action can help identify tops and bottoms, both hort-term and intermediate-term. Since no technical approach works all the time, I suggest using the oscillator along with other technical indicators to avoid problems. I favor using a price envelop around a 21-day moving average and an overbought/oversold oscillator together with the Chaikin Oscillator for the best short and intermediate-term technical signals. The most important signal generated by the Chaikin Oscillator occurs when prices reach a new high or new low for a swing, particularly at an overbought or oversold level, and the oscillator fails to exceed its previous extreme reading and then reverses direction. 1. Signals in the direction of the intermediate-term trend are more reliable than those against the trend. 2. A confirmed high or low does not imply any further price action in that direction. I view that as a non-event. A second way to use the Chaikin Oscillator is to view a change of direction in the oscillator as a buy or sell signal, but only in the direction of the trend. For example, if we say that a stock that is above its 90-day moving average of price is in an uptrend, then an upturn of the oscillator while in negative territory would constitute a buy signal only if the stock were above its 90-day moving average-- not below it. A downturn of the oscillator while in positive territory (above zero) would be a sell signal if the stock were below its 90-day moving average of closing prices." 8.Chaikin Volatility OverView The Chaikin Volatility Oscillator is a moving average derivative of the Accumulation/Distribution index. Interpretation The Chaikin Volatility Oscillator adjusts with respect to volatility, independent of long-term price action.

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9. Chande Momentum Oscillator OverView The Chande Momentum Oscillator (Chande) is an advanced momentum oscillator derived from linear regression. Interpretation Increasingly high values of CMO may indicate that prices are trending strongly upwards. Conversely, increasingly low values of CMO may indicate that prices are trending strongly downwards. CMO is related to MACD and Price Rate of Change (ROC). 10. Commodity Channel Index (CCI) Overview The Commodity Channel Index (CCI) is calculated by first determining the difference between the mean price of a commodity and the average of the means over the time period chosen. This difference is then compared to the average difference over the time period (this factors in the commodity's own inherent volatility). The result is then multiplied by a constant that is designed to adjust the CCI so that it fits into a "normal" trading range of +/-100. Interpretation While the CCI was originally designed for commodities, the indicator also works very well with stocks and mutual funds. There are two methods of interpreting the CCI: �Looking for divergences A popular method of analyzing the CCI is to look for divergences in which the underlying security is making new highs (lows) while the CCI is failing to surpass its previous highs (lows). This classic divergence is usually followed by a correction in the security's price. �As an overbought/oversold indicator The CCI usually oscillates between +/-100. Readings above +100 imply an overbought condition and the liklihood of a downward move has increased. Readings below -100 imply an oversold condition and the likelihood of an upward move has increased. 11. Comparative (Compare) Relative Strength Overview Comparative Relative Strength compares two securities to show how the securities are performing relative to each other. Be careful not to confuse Comparative Relative Strength with the Relative Strength Index. Interpretation Comparative Relative Strength compares a security's price change with that of a "base" security. When the Comparative Relative Strength indicator is moving up, it shows that the security is performing better than the base security. When the indicator is moving sideways, it shows that both securities are performing the same (i.e., rising and falling by the same percentages). When the indicator is moving down, it shows that the security is performing worse than the base security (i.e., not rising as fast or falling faster). Comparative Relative Strength is often used to compare a security's performance with a market index. It is also useful in developing spreads (i.e., buy the best performer and short the weaker issue). 12.Detrended Price Oscillator

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OverView The Detrended Price Oscillator is used when long-term trends or outliers must be removed from prices or index indicators. Interpretation This indicator is often used to supplement a standard price chart. Other indicators can be plotted over the Detrended Price Oscillator. 13.Directional Movement System OverView The Welles Wilder's Directional Movement System contains five indicators; ADX, DI+, DI-, DX, and ADXR. The ADX (Average Directional Movement Index) is an indicator of how much the market is trending, either up or down: the higher the ADX line, the more the market is trending and the more suitable it becomes for a trend-following system. This indicator consists of two lines: DI+ and DI-, the first one being a measure of uptrend and the second one a measure of downtrend. Detailed information about this indicator and formulas can be found in Welles Wilder's book, "New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems". The standard Directional Movement System draws a 14 period DI+ and a 14 period DI- in the same chart panel. ADX is also sometimes shown in the same chart panel. Interpretation A buy signal is given when DI+ crosses over DI-, a sell signal is given when DI- crosses over DI+. 14. Ease of Movement OverView The Ease of Movement oscillator shows a unique relationship between price change and volume. Interpretation The Ease of Movement oscillator rises when prices are trending upwards under low volume, and likewise, the Ease of Movement oscillator falls when prices are trending downwards under low volume 15. Exponential Moving Average OverView An Exponential Moving Average is similar to a Simple Moving Average. An EMA is calculated by applying a small percentage of the current value to the previous value. An EMA applies more weight to recent values. Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator. 16.Fractal Chaos Bands

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OverView The chaotic nature of stock market movements explains why it is sometimes difficult to distinguish hourly charts from monthly charts if the time scale is not given. The patterns are similar regardless of the time resolution. Like the chambers of the nautilus, each level is like the one before it, but the size is different. To determine what is happening in the current level of resolution, the fractal chaos oscillator can be used to examine these patterns. 17.Fractal Chaos Oscillator OverView The chaotic nature of stock market movements explains why it is sometimes difficult to distinguish hourly charts from monthly charts if the time scale is not given. The patterns are similar regardless of the time resolution. Like the chambers of the nautilus, each level is like the one before it, but the size is different. To determine what is happening in the current level of resolution, the fractal chaos oscillator can be used to examine these patterns. 18.High Minus Low OverView Returns the high price minus the low price. 19.High/Low Bands OverView High Low Bands consist of triangular moving averages calculated from the underling price, shifted up and down by a fixed percentage, and include a median value. Interpretation When prices rise above the upper band or fall below the lower band, a change in direction may occur when the price penetrates the band after a small reversal from the opposite direction. 20. Historical volatility OverView Historical volatility is the log-normal standard deviation. The Historical Volatility Index is based on the book by Don Fishback, "Odds: The Key to 90% Winners". This formula will output a 30-day historical volatility index between 1 and 0: Stdev(Log(Close / Close Yesterday), 30) * Sqrt(365) Note that some traders use 252 instead of 365 for the bar history that is used in the square root calculation.The Log value is a natural log (ie Log10). Interpretation Similar to the coefficient of determination, the higher the value is, the more volatile the stock is. 21.Linear Regression Forecast Overview Linear regression forecast is a common statistical method used to forecast values using least squares fit. 22.Linear Regression Intercept

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Overview Linear regression intercept is a common statistical method used to forecast values using least squares fit. 23.Linear Regression R-squared Overview Linear regression r-squared is a common statistical method used to forecast values using least squares fit. 24.Linear Regression Slope Overview Linear regression slope is a common statistical method used to forecast values using least squares fit. 25.MACD Overview The MACD (Moving Average Convergence/Divergence) is a trend following momentum indicator that shows the relationship between two moving averages of prices. The MACD was developed by Gerald Appel, publisher of Systems and Forecasts. The MACD is the difference between a 26-day and 12-day exponential moving average. A 9-day exponential moving average, called the "signal" (or "trigger") line is plotted on top of the MACD to show buy/sell opportunities. Interpretation The MACD proves most effective in wide-swinging trading markets. There are three popular ways to use the MACD: crossovers, overbought/oversold, and divergences. �Crossovers The basic MACD trading rule is to sell when the MACD falls below its signal line. Similarly, a buy signal occurs when the MACD rises above its signal line. It is also popular to buy/sell when the MACD goes above/below zero. �Overbought/Oversold Conditions The MACD is also useful as an overbought/oversold indicator. When the shorter moving average pulls away dramatically from the longer moving average (i.e., the MACD rises), it is likely that the security price is overextending and will soon return to more realistic levels. MACD overbought and oversold conditions exist vary from security to security. �Divergences A indication that an end to the current trend may be near occurs when the MACD diverges from the security (page 32). A bearish divergence occurs when the MACD is making new lows while prices fail to reach new lows. A bullish divergence occurs when the MACD is making new highs while prices fail to reach new highs. Both of these divergences are most significant when they occur at relatively overbought/oversold levels. 26.Mass Index OverView The Mass Index identifies price changes by indexing the narrowing and widening change between high and low prices. Interpretation According to the inventor of the Mass Index, reversals may occur when a 25-period Mass Index rises above 27 or falls below 26.5.

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27.Median Price OverView A Median Price is simply an average of one period’s high and low values. Interpretation A Median Price is often used as an alternative way of viewing price action, and also as a component for calculating other indicators. 28.Momentum Oscillator OverView The momentum indicator calculates change of over a specified length of time as a ratio. Interpretation Increasingly high values of the momentum oscillator may indicate that prices are trending strongly upwards. The momentum oscillator is closely related to MACD and Price Rate of Change (ROC). 29.Money Flow Index OverView The Money Flow Index measures money flow of a security, using volume and price for calculations. Interpretation Market bottoms below 20 and tops above 80. Divergence of price and Money Flow Index are also used. 30.Moving Average Cross Over OverView When a shorter and longer moving average cross each other, a bullish or bearish signal is generated depending on the direction of the crossover. Interpretation A bullish signal is generated when the shorter moving average crosses above the longer moving average. A bearish signal is generated when the shorter moving average crosses below the longer moving average. These events are based on simple moving averages. A simple moving average is one where equal weight is given to each price over the calculation period. Moving averages are lagging indicators because they use historical information. They work best in trending price patterns, where an uptrend or downtrend is firmly in place. 31.Moving Average Envelope OverView Moving Average Envelopes consist of moving averages calculated from the underling price, shifted up and down by a fixed percentage.

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Interpretation Moving Average Envelopes (or trading bands) can be imposed over an actual price or another indicator.When prices rise above the upper band or fall below the lower band, a change in direction may occur when the price penetrates the band after a small reversal from the opposite direction. 32.Negative Volume Index OverView The Negative Volume Index shows focus on periods when volume decreases from the previous period. Interpretation The interpretation of the Negative Volume Index is that well-informed investors are buying when the index falls and uninformed investors are buying when the index rises. 33.On Balance Volume OverView The On Balance Volume indicator shows a relationship of price and volume as a momentum index. Interpretation On Balance Volume index generally precedes actual price movements. The premise is that well-informed investors are buying when the index rises and uninformed investors are buying when the index falls. 34.Parabolic SAR OverView The Parabolic SAR was developed by Welles Wilder. This indicator is always in the market (whenever a position is closed, an opposing position is taken). The Parabolic SAR indicator is most often used to set trailing price stops. A stop and reversal (SAR) occurs when the price penetrates a Parabolic SAR level. 35.Performance Index OverView The Performance indicator calculates price performance as a normalized value or percentage. Interpretation A Performance indicator shows the price of a security as a normalized value. If the Performance indicator shows 50, then the price of the underlying security has increased 50% since the start of the Performance indicator calculations. Conversely, if the indictor shows –50, then the price of the underlying security has decreased 50% since the start of the Performance indicator calculations. 36.Positive Volume Index OverView The Positive Volume Index shows focus on periods when volume increases from the previous period.

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Interpretation The interpretation of the Positive Volume Index is that many investors are buying when the index rises, and selling when the index falls. 37.Price Oscillator OverView The Price Oscillator shows a spread of two moving averages. Interpretation The Price Oscillator is basically a moving average spread. Buying usually occurs when the oscillator rises, and conversely, selling usually occurs when the oscillator falls. 38.Price ROC OverView The Price ROC shows the difference between the current price and the price one or more periods in the past. Interpretation A 12-day Price ROC is most often used as an overbought/oversold indicator. 39.Price Volume Trend OverView The Price and Volume Trend index is closely related to the On Balance Volume index. Interpretation The Price and Volume Trend index generally precedes actual price movements. The premise is that well-informed investors are buying when the index rises and uninformed investors are buying when the index falls. 40.Price Number Bands OverView Similar to the Prime Numbers Oscillator, the prime numbers oscillator was developed by Modulus Financial Engineering, Inc. This indicator finds the nearest prime number for the high and low, and plots the two series as bands. Interpretation This indicator can be used to spot market trading ranges. 41.Price Number Oscillator OverView The price numbers oscillator was developed by Modulus Financial Engineering, Inc. This indicator finds the nearest prime number from either the top or bottom of the series, and plots the difference between that prime number and the series itself. Interpretation This indicator can be used to spot market turning points. When the oscillator remains at the same high point for two consecutive periods in the positive range, consider selling. Conversely, when the oscillator remains at a low point for two consecutive periods in the negative range, consider buying.

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42.Rainbow Oscillator OverView The rainbow oscillator is based upon multiple time frames of a moving average. Interpretation When values stay above 80 or below 20, the trend may reverse suddenly. 43.Relative Strength Index OverView The RSI (Wilder) is a popular indicator that shows comparative price strength within a single security. Interpretation 9, 14 and 25 period RSI calculations are most popular. The most widely used method for interpreting the RSI is price/RSI divergence, support/resistance levels and RSI chart formations. 44.Simple Moving Average OverView The Simple Moving Average is simply an average of values over a specified period of time. Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator. 45.Standard Deviation OverView Standard Deviation is a common statistical calculation that measures volatility. Other technical indicators are often calculated using standard deviations. Interpretation Major highs and lows often accompany extreme volatility. High values of standard deviations indicate that the price or indicator is more volatile than usual. 46. Stochastic Momentum Index OverView The Stochastic Momentum Index, developed by William Blau, first appeared in the January 1993 issue of Stocks & Commodities magazine. This indicator plots the closeness relative to the midpoint of the recent high/low range. Interpretation The Stochastic Momentum Index has two components: %K and %D. %K is most often displayed as a solid line and %D is often shown as a dotted line. The most widely used method for interpreting the Stochastic Momentum Index is to buy when either component rises above 40 or sell when either component falls below 40. Another way to interpret the Stochastic Momentum Index is to buy when %K rises above %D, and conversely, sell when %K falls below %D.

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47. Stochastic Oscillator OverView The Stochastic Oscillator is a popular indicator that shows where a security’s price has closed in proportion to its closing price range over a specified period of time. Interpretation The Stochastic Oscillator has two components: %K and %D. %K is most often displayed as a solid line and %D is often shown as a dotted line. The most widely used method for interpreting the Stochastic Oscillator is to buy when either component rises above 80 or sell when either component falls below 20. Another way to interpret the Stochastic Oscillator is to buy when %K rises above %D, and conversely, sell when %K falls below %D. 48.Swing Index OverView The Swing Index (Wilder) is a popular indicator that shows comparative price strength within a single security by comparing the current open, high, low and close prices with previous prices. Interpretation The Swing Index is a component of the Accumulation Swing Index. 49.TRIX OverView TRIX is a momentum oscillator that shows the rate of change of an exponentially averaged closing price. Interpretation The most common interpretation of the TRIX oscillator is to buy when the oscillator rises and sell when the oscillator falls. 3, 8 and 14 period moving averages are often used to smooth the TRIX oscillator. 50.Time Series Moving Average OverView A Time Series Moving Average is similar to a Simple Moving Average, except that values are derived from linear regression forecast values instead of raw values. Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator. 51.Trade Volume Index OverView The Trade Volume index shows whether a security is being accumulated or distribute (similar to the Accumulation/Distribution index). Interpretation When the indicator is rising, the security is said to be accumulating. Conversely, when the indicator is falling, the security is said to being distributing. Prices may reverse when the indicator converges with price.

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52. Triangular Moving Average OverView The Triangular Moving Average is similar to a Simple Moving Average, except that more weight is given to the price in the middle of the moving average periods. Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator. 53.True Range OverView The Average True Range (Wilder) measures market volatility. Interpretation High ATR values may signal market bottoms, and low ATR values may signal neutral markets. 54.Typical Price OverView A Typical Price is simply an average of one period’s high, low and close values. Interpretation A Typical Price is often used as an alternative way of viewing price action, and also as a component for calculating other indicators. 55. Ultimate Oscillator OverView The Ultimate Oscillator compares prices with three oscillators, using three different periods for calculations. Interpretation The most popular interpretation of the Ultimate Oscillator is price/indicator divergence. 56. VIDYA Moving Average OverView VIDYA (Volatility Index Dynamic Average), developed by Chande, is a moving average derived from linear regression R2. Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator. 57. Variable Moving Average OverView A Variable Moving Average is an exponential moving average that adjusts to volatility.

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Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator. 58. Vertical Horizontal Filter OverView The Vertical Horizontal Filter (VHF) identifies whether a market is in a trending or choppy movement phase. Interpretation The VHF indicator is most commonly used as an indicator of market volatility. It is also frequently used as a component for other technical indicators. 59.Volume Oscillator OverView The Volume Oscillator shows a spread of two different moving averages of volume over a specified period of time. Interpretation The Volume Oscillator offers a clear view of whether or not volume is increasing or decreasing. 60.Volume ROC OverView The Volume Rate of Change indicator shows clearly whether or not volume is trending in one direction or another. Interpretation Sharp Volume ROC increases may signal price breakouts. 61.Weighted Close OverView Weighted Close is an average of each day’s open, high, low, and close, where more weight is placed on the close. Interpretation The Weighted Close indicator is a simple method that offers a simplistic view of market prices. 62.Weighted Moving Average OverView A Weighted Moving Average places more weight on recent values and less weight on older values. Interpretation A Moving Average is most often used to average values for a smoother representation of the underlying price or indicator.

Advanced Chart Help

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63. Welles Wilder Smoothing OverView The Welles Wilder's Smoothing indicator is similar to an exponential moving average. The indicator does not use the standard exponential moving average formula. Welles Wilder described 1/14 of today's data + 13/14 of yesterday's average as a 14-day exponential moving average. Interpretation This indicator is used in a the manner that any other moving average would be used. 64.Williams Accumulation Distribution OverView The Accumulation/Distribution indicator shows a relationship of price and volume. Interpretation When the indicator is rising, the security is said to be accumulating. Conversely, when the indicator is falling, the security is said to being distributing. Prices may reverse when the indicator converges with price. 65.Williams’ %R OverView Williams’ %R measures overbought/oversold levels. Interpretation The most widely used method for interpreting Williams’ %R is to buy when the indicator rises above 80 or sell when the indicator falls below 20.

ii. using the chart……internetfileserver.phillip.com.sg/poems/stocks/chart/... · 2009. 3....

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