Phonetic Alphabets, IPA, and RP

Desra Eka Putri

Wita Adi Puspitasari

Yesy Afryla

"The phonetic alphabet has been around for a long time, but has not always been the same. Back in the days of World War II, the phonetic alphabet began with the letters 'Able, Baker, Charlie,' K was 'King,' and S was 'Sugar.' After the war, when the NATO alliance was formed, the phonetic alphabet was changed to make it easier for the people who speak the different languages found in the alliance. That version has remained the same, and today the phonetic alphabet begins with 'Alfa, Bravo, Charlie,' K is now 'Kilo,' and S is 'Sierra.'"(Thomas J. Cutler, The Bluejackets' Manual. Naval Institute Press, 2002)

Phonetic Alphabets

What are The Purposes Phonetic Alphabets?

A spelling alphabet used by airline pilots, police, the military, and other officials when communicating over

radio or telephone. The purpose of the phonetic alphabet is to ensure that letters are clearly understood.

LETTER PHONETIC SPOKEN ASA ALPHA AL FAHB BRAVO BRAH VOC CHARLIE CHAR LEED DELTA DELLTAE ECHO ECK OHF FOXTROT FOKS TROTG GOLF GOLFH HOTEL HOH TELI INDIA IN DEE AHJ JULIET JEW LEE ETTK KILO KEY LOHL LIMA LEE MAHM MIKE MIKEN NOVEMBER NO VEMBERO OSCAR OSS CAHP PAPA PAH PAHQ QUEBEC KEH BECKR ROMEO ROH ME OHS SIERRA SEE AIR RAHT TANGO TANG GOU UNIFORM YOU NEE FORMV VICTOR VICK TAHW WHISKEY WISS KEYX XRAY ECKS RAYY YANKEE YANG KEYZ ZULU ZOO LOO

What is IPA?

Wikipedia : The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet which was devised by the International Phonetic Association as a standardized representation of the sounds of oral language.

Richard Nordquist : The most widely used system for representing the sounds of any language.

Wikitionary : The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. It is intended as a notational standard for the phonemic and phonetic representation of all spoken languages.

History of IPA(Wikipedia)

The International Phonetic Alphabet was created after the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th

century. Intended as an international system of phonetic transcription

for oral languages and for pedagogical purposes.

The association was established in Paris in 1886 by French and

British language teachers led by Paul Passy.

1. First published alphabet appears in Passy (1888).

2. The association based their alphabets upon the Romic

alphabet of Henry Sweet (1880 or 1881–1971), which was based on the Phonotypic

Alphabet of Pitman and Palæotype of John

Ellis (Kelly 1981).

What’s the function of

IPA?

The IPA is designed to:1. Represent only those qualities

of speech that are part of oral language: phones, phonemes, intonation, and the separation of words and syllables.

2. Represent additional qualities of speech, such as tooth gnashing, lisping, and sounds made with a cleft palate, an extended set of symbols called the Extensions to the IPA may be used.

(Wikipedia)

Chart (Consonants-Pulmonic)

Chart (Consonants-Non Pulmonic)

Chart (Vowels)

Chart (Other Symbols)

Chart (Suprasegmentals)

Chart (Tones and Word Accents)

Chart (Diacritics)

Received Pronunciation (RP)

The etymology of RP

“Received” means widely accepted or understood, without necessarily being the most widely used pronunciation

Received pronunciation, also known as BBC pronunciation is a standard educated accent that is strongly associated with a particular region and social class.

Why do we call RP as BBC pronunciation?Because it has been used by most announcers and

newsreaders on BBC and British independent television broadcasting channels.

RP is an accent (a form of pronunciation) and a register, rather than a dialect (a form of vocabulary and grammar as well as pronunciation).

Three different forms of RP:Conservative, General, and Advanced.1. Conservative RP refers to a traditional accent associated

with older speakers with certain social backgrounds.2. General RP is often considered neutral regarding age,

occupation, or lifestyle of the speaker.3. Advanced RP refers to speech of a younger generation of

speakers.