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II III I Mixtures

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Page 1: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

II

III

I

Mixtures Mixtures

Page 2: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

A. DefinitionsA. Definitions

Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.

Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Page 3: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

A. DefinitionsA. Definitions

Mixtures• Composition is not fixed• Can be separated by physical actions

+ + =

Page 4: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

II

III

I Types of Mixtures Types of Mixtures

Page 5: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

A. DefinitionsA. Definitions

1. Solution - 1. Solution - homogeneous mixture

Solvent Solvent – dissolving medium

Solute Solute - substance being dissolved

Page 6: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

B. MixturesB. Mixtures

Gases can also mix with liquids Gases are usually dissolved in

water Examples are carbonated drinks

• Homogeneous mixtures (solutions)

• Contain sugar, flavorings and carbon dioxide dissolved in water

Page 7: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

B. MixturesB. Mixtures

Solution• homogeneous• very small particles

• <2nm• no Tyndall effect

Tyndall Effect

• particles don’t settle• EX: rubbing alcohol

Page 8: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

B. MixturesB. Mixtures

2. Colloid

• medium-sized particles• 2-1000nm

• Tyndall effect• particles don’t settle• EX: milk

Page 9: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 9

Colloidal Dispersion (colloid):

A suspension of tiny particles in some medium.

Suspended particles range from 1 to 1000 nm.

Types of Colloids include:

aerosols, foams, emulsions, sols (See Table on p. 550)

Page 10: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 10

COLLOIDSCOLLOIDS

TYNDALL EFFECT:

-- SCATTERING OF LIGHT BY PARTICLES IN A COLLOID.

-- BEAM OF LIGHT VISIBLE THROUGH A COLLOID BUT INVISIBLE THROUGH A TRUE SOLUTION.

Page 11: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

B. MixturesB. Mixtures

3. Suspension

• large particles• >1000nm

• particles settle• EX: fresh-squeezed

lemonade

Page 12: II III I Mixtures. A. Definitions Mixture = Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

B. MixturesB. Mixtures

Examples:

• mayonnaise

• muddy water

• fog

• saltwater

• Italian salad dressing

colloid

suspension

colloid

true solution

suspension


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