Waves

1. The diagram shows a wave.

What is the amplitude of the wave?

A 1cm B 2cm C 5cm D 10cm

0654/11/M/J/13 Q34

2. A ray of light strikes a plane mirror.

What is the angle of reflection of the ray?

A 150° B 90° C 60° D 30°

0654/11/M/J/13 Q35

3. An electronic engineer wishes to make a remote controller to operate a television.

Which type of electromagnetic radiation must the remote controller emit?

A infra-red waves

B microwaves

C radio waves

D ultraviolet waves

0654/11/M/J/13 Q36

4. Which change to a sound wave would make it louder?

A decreasing the amplitude

B increasing the amplitude

C decreasing the wavelength

D increasing the wavelength

0654/11/M/J/13 Q37

5. A student counts how many waves pass point P in 30 seconds.

Using only this information, what can the student calculate?

A the amplitude of the wave

B the frequency of the wave

C the speed of the wave

D the wavelength of the wave

0654/11/O/N/13 Q34

6. Which diagram shows the dispersion of white light as it passes through a glass prism?

0654/11/O/N/13 Q35

7. Which row shows how the speed and the wavelength of microwaves compare with those of

speed wavelength

A less than γ-rays greater than γ-rays

B less than γ-rays less than γ-rays

C the same as γ-rays greater than γ-rays

D the same as γ-rays less than γ-rays0654/11/O/N/13 Q36

8. What is the approximate value of the frequency of the highest-pitched sound that can be heard by a young person?

A 20Hz B 200Hz C 2000Hz D 20000Hz

0654/11/O/N/13 Q37

9. Which type of wave is longitudinal?

A light wave

B radio wave

C sound wave

D water wave

0654/13/O/N/13 Q34

10. A plane mirror forms an image of an object placed in front of it.

Which row describes the image?

image type image size

A real same size as object

B real smaller than object

C virtual same size as object

D virtual smaller than object0654/13/O/N/13 Q35

11. Red light and violet light have different frequencies and different wavelengths.

Which colour light has the higher frequency and which has the larger wavelength?

higher frequency larger wavelength

A red red

B red violet

C violet red

D violet violet0654/13/O/N/13 Q36

12. The diagram shows water waves travelling towards a barrier.

Which diagram shows the direction of the waves after being reflected by the barrier?

0654/11/M/J/12 Q33

13. A glass block is surrounded by a vacuum. A ray of light strikes the inside of the glass block, and is totally reflected back into the block.

Why does this happen?

A Angle his greater than the critical angle.

B Angle i is greater than the critical angle.

C Light cannot travel through a vacuum.

D The ray is travelling along the normal.

0654/11/M/J/12 Q34

14. The Sun emits infra-red radiation, ultraviolet radiation and visible light.

Which statement about the time it takes these radiations to reach Earth’s atmosphere is correct?

A Infra-red radiation arrives first.

B Ultraviolet radiation arrives first.

C Visible light arrives first.

D They all arrive at the same time.

0654/11/M/J/12 Q35

15. Astronaut 1 uses a hammer to mend a satellite in space. Astronaut 2 is nearby. There is no air in space.

Compared with the sound heard if they were working on Earth, what does astronaut 2 hear?

A a louder sound

B a quieter sound

C a sound of the same loudness

D no sound at all

0654/11/M/J/12 Q36

16. A converging lens in a camera is used to make an image on a film. The image is smaller than the object.

At which point could the object be placed so that it makes this image?

0654/13/M/J/12 Q34

17. Diagram 1 represents a wave.

Which diagram represents a wave with double the frequency and half the amplitude of the wave in diagram 1?

The scales are the same in all the diagrams.

0654/11/O/N/12 Q33

18. The diagram shows how a real image is formed by a converging lens.

Which distance is the focal length of the lens?

0654/11/O/N/12 Q34

19. Radio waves, infra-red radiation and visible light are different types of electromagnetic waves.

What is true for these electromagnetic waves?

A Infra-red radiation travels more quickly than visible light.

B Radio waves travel more quickly than infra-red radiation.

C Radio waves travel at the same speed as visible light.

D Visible light travels more slowly than radio waves.

0654/11/O/N/12 Q35

20. An electric bell with its own battery is suspended by a rubber band inside a sealed glass jar. The hammer hits the bell and makes it ring. A pump can remove air from the jar.

The pump is switched on and the air is removed from the jar. The hammer still hits the bell but the sound becomes quieter until it cannot be heard.

Why does this happen?

A An electric current cannot flow in a vacuum.

B A medium is required to transmit sound waves.

C The bell cannot be made to vibrate in a vacuum.

D The pitch of the note is now outside the range of human hearing.

0654/12/O/N/12 Q36

21. The diagram shows water waves seen from above.

One wave is made every 0.5s.

What is the frequency of the waves and what is their wavelength?

0654/13/O/N/12 Q33

22.

(a) A fishing boat is floating on the sea.

The fishing boat uses echo sounding to detect a shoal of fish.

This is shown in Fig. 2.1.

Short pulses of sound are sent out from the boat. The echo from the shoal of fish is detected by a receiver on the boat 0.2 seconds later.

Sound waves travel through water at a speed of 1600m/s.

(i) Calculate the distance of the shoal of fish below the boat.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula

working

[2]

(ii) The sound waves have a wavelength of 0.25m.

Calculate the frequency of the waves.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula

working

[2]

0654/31/M/J/13 Q2 part

23.

(a) Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves.

Draw labelled diagrams to explain the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave.

[3]

(b) Fig. 12.1 shows a person using a periscope to look over a wall.

(i) On Fig. 12.1 draw a ray diagram to explain how the person can see over the wall.

[3]

(ii) An image formed in a plane mirror is called a virtual image.

Explain the meaning of the term virtual image.

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[1]

(c) Fig. 12.2 shows a lens being used to observe an object O.

The focal length of the lens is 3.0cm. The diagram is drawn full scale.

(i) On Fig. 12.2 draw two rays from the top of the object O that meet at the image.

Label the image X.

[3]

(ii) Measure the height of the object O and the height of the image X.

object height _____________ image height _________________

[1]

(iii) Calculate the magnification.

Show your working.

[2]

0654/31/M/J/13 Q12

This question depends on the printout being exact the right size. Instead, use the arrow below for scale. It is 2cm long

24.

(a) Visible light and γ-(gamma) radiation are two regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

(i) State the speed, in km/s, of all electromagnetic waves when travelling through a vacuum.

km/s

[1]

(ii) Name a region of the electromagnetic spectrum that is used in remote control devices for televisions.

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[1]

(iii) State one way in which the waves in different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum differ from each other.

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[1]

0654/33/M/J/13 Q5 part

25.

(c) The driver needs to see a vehicle following behind.

Fig. 5.4 shows a ray of light from the vehicle behind reflected into the driver’s eye from a rear-view mirror.

(i) Complete the diagram to show the rear view mirror in its correct position.

[2]

(ii) On the diagram, show and mark the angle of incidence with its value.

[2]

(d) Sunlight can be focused onto smaller areas of a solar panel to improve efficiency.

Fig. 5.5 shows two parallel rays of sunlight being focused by a lens. The lens has a focal length of 5cm.

Complete the diagram to show the rays of sunlight being focused by the lens.

0654/31/O/N/13 Q5 part

26.

(a) Fig. 2.1 shows two means of communication between Singapore and Sydney.

Method 1 Microwave signals are sent by satellite.

Method 2 Infra-red waves carrying a signal are sent through an optical fibre cable.

Fig. 2.2 shows an infra-red ray entering an optical fibre.

The infra-red ray travels all the way through the optical fibre.

(i) Explain why the infra-red ray stays inside the optical fibre. You may draw on the diagram if it helps your answer.

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[3]

(ii) The length of an optical fibre cable between Singapore and Sydney is 6.3 x 106m.

The speed of infra-red waves in an optical fibre is 2.1 x 108m/s.

Calculate the time taken for the signal to travel from Singapore to Sydney.

State any formula that you use, show your working and state the unit of your answer.

formula

working

unit

[2]

(iii) The speed at which microwaves travel through space is greater than the speed at which infra-red waves travel through an optical fibre.

Suggest why the time taken by infra-red signals is less than the time taken by the microwave signals to travel from Singapore to Sydney.

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[1]

(b) Fig. 2.3 shows a demonstration of sound transmission using a bell jar.

As the air is removed from the bell jar, the ringing sound from inside the bell jar gets quieter. When all the air has been removed, the bell cannot be heard.

Explain these observations.

[2]

0654/32/O/N/13 Q2

27.

(a) A bat produces a sound wave with a frequency of 212kHz and a wavelength of 0.0016m.

(i) State the meaning of the terms frequency and wavelength, when describing a wave. You may use a diagram if it helps your explanation.

Frequency

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wavelength

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[2]

(ii) Calculate the speed of the sound wave produced by the bat.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

(iii) Sound travels through the air by a series of compressions and rarefactions.

Describe what this means in terms of air particles.

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[2]

(b) The two incomplete diagrams below show rays of light travelling through a rectangular glass block.

(i) Fig. 4.1 shows a ray of light passing out of a glass block.

On Fig. 4.1, label the angle of incidence, i, and the angle of refraction, r.

[2]

(ii) Fig. 4.2 shows a ray of light that does not pass out of the glass block. This is called total internal reflection.

On Fig. 4.2, label the angle of reflection.

[1]

(iii) Describe one way in which total internal reflection of light is used.

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[2]

0654/31/M/J/12 Q4

28.

(a) Radio waves are electromagnetic waves. Sound waves are not.

State three other ways in which radio waves differ from sound waves.

1

2

3

[2]

(b) Visible light is another type of electromagnetic wave.

The frequency of green light is 5 x 1014Hz.

The wavelength of green light is 6 x 10-7m.

Calculate the speed of green light.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

(c) A thin beam of white light is shone onto two glass blocks.

On Fig. 10.1, complete the diagrams to show what happens to the light passing through each block and after it emerges from the block.

[4]

(d) A student carried out an experiment to find the speed of sound in air by watching and listening to a bell being rung.

He stood 500m from the bell.

The sound took 1.5s to travel from the bell to the student.

Calculate the speed of sound.

State the formula used and show your working.

formula used

working

[2]

0654/32/M/J/12 Q10