iecep identification copy

8/19/2019 IECEP Identification Copy

1/29

April 17, 2004 Date of approval of RA 9292

8, 43There are __________ Articles and __________ sections in the RA 9292.

35

Any person who shall violate anyprovision of RA 9292 or any rules,regulations, the Code of Ethics and the

Code of Technical tandards of !racticeis stated in section _________.

RA 9292This act is was consolidation of "ouse#ill $o. %22& and enate #ill $o. 2'().

Sec 40

The chairperson of the !RC shallinclude in the Co**ission+s progra*the i*ple*entation of RA 9292, thefunding of wc shall -e included in the Annual eneral Appropriation Act.

15 days,Official Gazette

According to section &), RA 9292 shallta/e effect __________ following its fullpu-lication in the __________ or anynewspaper of general circulation.

JESS !"#A$ARE#O

0ho a*ong the following persons wasnot a signatory of the 92921

Appr%priati%&s ection & of RA 9292.

'e a citize&a&d a reside&t%f t(e!(ilippi&es f%r5 c%&sec)ti*eyrs pri%r t% (isapp%i&t+e&t

0hich of the following is not true for the3ualifications of #oard 4e*-ers ofElectronics Engineering1

!R

All records of the #oard, includingapplications for the e5a*ination,ad*inistrative cases involving !ECE,

ECE and ECTs shall -e /ept -y3 years The *e*-ers of the #oard shall hold

office for a ter* of __________ fro*date of appoint*ent or until theirsuccessors shall have -een appointedand 3ualified and *ay -e re6appointedonce for another ter*.

seal

ection 7 states that the #oard isvested with the authority to8 Adopt anofficial __________ of the #oard.

Ge&Appr%priati%&sAct

The co*pensation and allowances ofthe #oard is co*para-le to that -eingreceived -y the Chair*an and *e*-ersof e5isting regulatory -oards under theCo**ission as provided for in the __________.

pr%per %at(

Each *e*-er of the #oard shall ta/e

thea __________ prior to theassu*ption of office.

#%t less t(a&!(p100,000"00&%r +%re t(a&!(p 1- %r .yi+pris%&+e&t%f &%t lesst(a& / +%&t(s&%r +%re t(a&/ years, %r.%t(, i& t(ediscreti%& %ft(e c%)rt

"ow *uch or what fine is re3uired forany person who shall violate anyprovision or any rules, regulations, theCode of Ethics and the Code ofTechnical tandards of !ractice

pro*ulgated under RA 92921

%++issi%&

The #oard and the __________ shallcorrect and rate the licensuree5a*ination papers

ell r%)&ded According to section 26tate*ent of!olicy, the state shall therefore developand nurture co*petent, virtuous,productive, and __________ !ECE,


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ECE, and ECTs

70, /0

A candidate for Electronics Engineer orElectronics Technician who o-tains apassing rating in the *aority of thesu-ects -ut o-tains a rating in the other su-ects -elow _________ percent -utnot lower than __________ percent,shall -e allowed to ta/e one re*ovale5a*inations on the su-ects whereheshe failed to o-tain the passingrating.

5 fi*e

0ithin __________ years after theeffectivity of RA 9292, the #oard shallissue Certificate of Registration and!rofessional :dentification Cards withoute5a*ination to all applicants for

registration as Electronics Technicianswho co*ply to all the re3uire*entsstated in section 2.

at least 3

0ith reference to pro- 22, allsu-*ittalsdocu*ents shall -eacco*panied -y a certification fro* __________ registered !ECEsvouching for the integrity, technicalcapa-ility and good *oral character of

the applicant.

)alityAss)ra&ce

:t is a *ethod of *anaging all theactivities that affect the 3uality of goodsor services in order to prevent faults.

!art&ers(ip

This type of -usiness organi;ation can-e set up without any for*ality. :t e5istwhen there are a nu*-er of peopleinvolved who are part owners of the-usiness.

'e&c(+ari& This process can -e used to *easureachieve*ent in Total


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section

12

0hat is the theoretical *a5i*u* valueof !oisson+s ratio of any given *aterialsu-ected to a unifor* tria5ial stress.

S(ear f%rces

These are co*ponents of the totalresistance to sliding the portion to one

side of the e5ploratory section past theother.

R%.ert :%%e0ho first postulated that stress isproportional to strain in ?'7(1

!(l%ist%&:t e5plains co*-ustion as a result ofloss of a su-stance.

'%yle;s


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its wide for coo/ing and servingutensils.

@ia+%&d

:t is a colorless solid capa-le of -eingcut into -rilliant crystals is the hardest,*ust a-rasive *ineral /nown

St%ic(i%+etry

:t is the calculation of -oth energy

-alances and *aterial -alances in ache*ical syste*.

S).stit)ti%&Reacti%&

_________ involves the replace*ent ofone of the ato*s or groups of ato*sattached to the car-on B#ac/-one ofthe organic *olecule.

Electr%&icAffi&ity

:t is the Energy change acco*panying a*ole of electrons -eing added to a *oleof a gaseous ato*s or ions.

:ess


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'e&di& stress

:t occurs when a *e*-er carries a loadperpendicular to its long a5is while-eing supported in a sta-le *anner.

stress

:t is the internal resistance offered -y aunit area of the *aterial fro* which a*e*-er fro* which a *e*-er is *adeto an e5ternally applied load.

!r%p%rti%&alli+it

The proportional li*it is the value ofstress on the stress6strain diagra*curve at which the curve first deviatesfro* a straight line.

Elastic li+it

:t is the value of stress on the stress6strain curve at which the *aterial hasdefor*ed plasticallyF that is, it will nolonger return to its original si;e and

shape after re*oving the load.

ield p%i&t

:t is the value of stress on the stress6strain curve at which there is asignificant increase in strain with little or no increase in stress.

=e&sile p%i&t:t is the highest value of apparent stresson the stress6strain curve.

-%d)l)s %f

elasticity

:t is a *easure of the stiffness of a*aterial deter*ined -y the slope of thestraight6line portion of the stress6straincurve.

5

A ductile *aterial is one that can -estretched, for*ed, or drawn to asignificant degree -efore fracture. A*etal that e5hi-its a percent elongationgreater than ____ G is considered to -eductile.


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result of the changes in the electronicconfigurations of the ato* or *olecules.

?irst la %ft(er+%dy&a+ics

:t states that energy can neither -edestroyed nor createdF it can onlychange for*s.

Cel*i& D!la&State+e&t

:n second law of ther*odyna*ic, which

of the following state that no heatengine can have a ther*al efficiency of?G or as far as power plant tooperate, the wor/ing fluid *uste5change heat with the environ*ent aswell as the furnace.

la)si)sState+e&t

:n second law of ther*odyna*ic, whichof the following state that no device cantransfer heat fro* cooler -ody to a

war*er one without leaving an effect onthe surroundings.


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&certai&typri&ciple

The i*possi-ility of /nowing -oth theprecise location and velocity ofsu-ato*ic particle at the sa*e ti*e is/nown as the

Oye& An ato* which has the greatest a-ilityto attract electron is

6&crease:f the volu*e of the *ole of gas*olecules re*ains constant, loweringthe te*perature will *a/e the pressure

%&tai& eB)al&)+.er %fparticles

0henever you have e3ual volu*es ofgases at the sa*e te*perature andpressure, the volu*e *ust

@iss%l*edparticles illsettle %)t )p%&

stirri&

The properties of solution include all ofthe following e5cept that

sp(ericala.errati%&

:n optics, this effect refers to the -lurringof the i*age produced on a concave*irror due to the convergence of raysfar fro* the *irror to other points on theprincipal a5is. 0hat do you call thiseffect1

'er&%)lli;seB)ati%&

:n fluid *echanics, this shows that thepressure of a fluid decreases as the

speed of the fluid increases. :n addition,the pressure of a fluid decreases as theelevation increases.

drift speed

:n electrodyna*ics, what ter* refers tothe average speed of the chargecarriers1

+icr%a*es :n electro*agnetics and wave theory,what refers to waves, co**onlygenerated -y electronic devices, whose

wavelengths ranges fro* appro5i*ately.)* to ?6& *. Due to their short

wavelengths these are often used inradar syste*s and for studying theato*ic and *olecular properties of*atter.

e&tr%py

The property of a su-stance whichre*ains constant if no heat enters orleaves the syste*, while it does wor/ or alters its volu*e, -ut which increases or di*inishes should a s*all a*ount ofheat enter or leave.

Specific :eat

The 3uantity of heat re3uired to changethe te*perature of unit *ass throughone degree.

'%yle;s


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%f -ass

the su-stance entering the syste* ise3ual to the su-stance leaving thesyste*

(arles;


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sat)rati%&

operating at the upper end of the loadline with a -ase current that is one6tenthof the collector current.


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pentavalent ato*1

=(er+allypr%d)ced

"ow does *inority carriers produced1

Re*ersedsat)ratedc)rre&t

:t is an e5tre*ely s*all a*ount ofcurrent that e5ists in a reverse -iaseddiode.

10pA0hat is the typical reverse saturatedcurrent of a silicon diode1

50H1F0hat is the typical range of reverse-rea/down voltage of silicon diode1

St%rae ti+e

The ti*e re3uired for the *inoritycarriers to return to the *aority carrierstate in the opposite *aterial.

?ield

pr%ra++a.leate array

0hat does I!A stands for1

01001101 Iind the 2+s co*ple*ent of ????.

10100101Convert the -inary nu*-er ???? togray code

#A#@0hich of the following can -e used asuniversal gate1

OR

A logic gate that produces a ":"output only when its two inputs are atopposite levels.

@e -%ra&;s=(e%re+s

The co*ple*ent of a su* of varia-lesis e3ual to the product of theco*ple*ents of the varia-les.

?KA'LA';LA;';;

0hich of the following e5pression is instandard J! for*1

1010 :n a & varia-le K6*ap, what is the

-inary value for the cell in the lower

right corner1

?)ll adder

:t is a digital circuit that adds two -itsand an input carry to produce a su*and an output carry.

SK1 RK10hich of the following is the invalidstate for R flip flop1

=%le :n T flip flop, T stands for8

2

"ow *any flip6flops isare need toproduce 2/"; fre3uency fro* (/";input1

JK1 CK1 A flip6flop is in the toggle conditionwhen8

4"ow *any flip6flops are needed toproduce &6-it asynchronous counter1

4

"ow *any flip6flops are needed toproduce *odulus6?2 asynchronouscounter1

-%d)l)s

0hat do you call the nu*-er of uni3uestates through which a counter willse3uence1

ripple c%)&ters Asynchronous counters are /nown as8

t(e act)al&)+.er %fstates i& itsseB)e&ce

The *odulus of a counter is

1000Three cascaded *odulus6? countershave an overall *odulus of

1100The ter*inal count of a *odulus6?)-inary counter is

fl)%resce&ce A type of lu*inescence where the

visi-le light is e*itted only during the


11/29

sti*ulation of the phosphor.

:e+at%l%icsy&dr%+e

Radiation doses in the range ofappro5i*ately 2 to ? rad producethe

')cy fact%r

Ratio of incident to trans*itted radiationthrough a grid ratio of patient dose with

and without grid

:%)&sfield

0ho co*pletes the develop*ent of firstco*puted to*ographic =CT> scanner=E4:, td.> in ?97)1

se&sit%+etry:t is the study of the response of ani*age receptor to 56rays

c%&trasti+pr%*e+e&tfact%r

Ratio of radiographic contrast with agrid to that without a grid

/00 rad

Analysis of persons irradiatedtherapeutically with superficial 56rayshas shown that the s/in erythe*a dosere3uired to affect %G of persons soirradiated is a-out

100EC recording re3uires a -andwidth of.% to ____ ";

Syst%le !eriod during which heart contracts.

sp(y+%+a&%+eter

Apparatus for *easuring -loodpressure

!(%t%electriceffect

:t was first noted -y "einrich "ert; in?((7 and won Al-ert Einstein the $o-el!ri;e in ?9%. :t refers to the e*issionof electrons fro* a clean *etallicsurface =phototu-e> whenelectro*agnetic radiation =light wavesor L6rays> falls onto that surface.

R%e&te& Mnit of radiation e5posure or a*ount of

L6ray radiation that will produce2.(5?N9 ion pairs per cu-iccenti*etre of air at standardte*perature and pressure =T!>.

c%l%ri+eter

An optical electronic device that*easures the color concentration of asu-stance in solution.

p(%&%cardi%r ap(y

Recording of heart sounds

electr%der+%rap(

Recorder for *easuring galvanic s/inresistance

c%de 39

:t consists of )' uni3ue codesrepresenting the ? digits and 2'uppercase letters

'a)d%t %de The first fi5ed6 length character codedeveloped for *achines rather than forpeople

Ric(ard ":a++i&

The early pioneer in the develop*ent of error6detection and correctionprocedures

RThe *ost relia-le convolutional codingsche*e for error detection

B)a&tizi&err%rs

:naccuracies caused -y therepresentation of a continuously varying3uantity as one of a nu*-er of discretevalues.

*%c%der

Circuit for digiti;ing voice at a low datarate -y using /nowledge of the way inwhich voice sounds are produced

delta+%d)lati%&

A coding sche*e that records thechange in signal level since theprecious sa*ple

eit(er a Distortion created -y using too low a


12/29

aliasi& %r .f%ld%*erdist%rti%&

sa*pling rate when coding an analogsignal for digital trans*ission

10 'ase 5The thic/ coa5ial ca-le i*ple*entationof standard Ethernet

?la

A -it pattern or a character added to the

-eginning and the end of a fra*e toseparate the fra*es

51"84 -.ps 0hat is the -it rate of T O ?1

4'5'E&c%di&

A -loc/ coding techni3ue in which four-its are encoded into a five -it code

A#S6 A national standards organi;ation thatdefines standards in the Mnited tates

st%p .it

:n asynchronous trans*ission, one or

*ore -its to indicate the end oftrans*ission

1"3/8 -.ps0hat is the overhead =nu*-er of e5tra-its> in the D6) service1

tice t(e(i(estfreB)e&cy %f asi&al

The *ini*u* sa*pling rate accordingto $y3uist Theore*

spreadspectr)+

:t is used in wireless applications inwhich stations *ust -e a-le to sharethe *ediu* without interception -y aneavesdropper and without -eing su-ectto a**ing fro* a *alicious intruder

(ecs)+ An error detection *ethod which usesone+s co*ple*ent arith*etic

ateay:t is a connecting device -etween twointernetwor/s that use different *odels

Iitter :t is an undesired shift or width changein digital -its of data due to circuitry

action which causes -its to arrive atdifferent ti*es

@y&a+ic ra&e

:n !C4 syste*, it is the ratio of the*a5i*u* input voltage level to thes*allest voltage level that can -e3uanti;ed

2128 An address space is the total nu*-er of addresses used -y the protocol, suchas :!v& and :!v'. 0hat is the addressspace of :!v'1

:"323

:t is a standard designed -y :TM to allowtelephones in the pu-lic telephonenetwor/ to tal/ to co*puterster*inalsconnected to the internet

%+pa&di&

Co*-ination of co*pression at the

trans*itter and e5pansion at thereceiver of co**unications syste*.

directi%&alc%)pler

A device launches or receives a wave ina trans*ission line or waveguide in onedirection only.

lystr%&

A type of linear6-ea* *icrowave tu-ethat uses velocity *odulation of theelectron -ea*

!A-

A series of pulses in which thea*plitude of each pulse represents thea*plitude of the infor*ation signal at agiven ti*e.

%+pa&di&

Co*-ination of co*pression at thetrans*itter and e5pansion at thereceiver of co**unications syste*.

directi%&alc%)pler

A device launches or receives a wave ina trans*ission line or waveguide in one

direction only.


13/29

lystr%&

A type of linear6-ea* *icrowave tu-ethat uses velocity *odulation of theelectron -ea*

=@-

_______________ is used to positionsa*ples of the different *essagesignals in non6overlapping ti*e slots.

c%&stellati%&diara+

A ___________ is si*ilar to a phasordiagra* e5cept that the entire phasor isnot drawn.

'a)d%t %de:t was the first fi5ed length charactercode.

Red)&da&cy:t involves trans*itting each charactertwice.

e&tral

tra&s+issi%&le*el p%i&t

Defined as the opti*u* level of a testtone on a channel at sa*e point in a

co**unication syste*.


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red)&da&cy

Duplicating each data unit for thepurpose of detecting errors is a for* oferror detection called ___________.

tra&sd)cer 0hat is the device that converts energyfro* one for* to another1

Electrical&%ise

:t *ay -e defined as any undesired

voltages or currents that ulti*ately endup appearing in the receiver output.

14icrowaves are fre3uencies a-ove _____ ";.

? ?ederal%++)&icati%&s%++issi%&

The govern*ent agencies thatregulates radio co**unications in theM is the ________.

:i(Hpass A wave guide acts aan _______ filter

/Coa5 is not used -eyond fre3uencies of a-out ______ ";.

F%ice, *ide%,c%+p)ter data

Data Co**unications refers to thetrans*ission of ________.

.a&didt(efficie&cy

:t is often used to co*pare theperfor*ance of one digital *odulationtechni3ue to another.

B)a&tizati%& :t is the process of converting an infinitenu*-er of possi-ilities to a finitenu*-er of conditions.

(ecs)+

:t is another relatively si*ple for* ofredundancy error chec/ing where eachcharacter has a nu*erical valueassigned to it.

Spread

spectr)+

:t is a *odulation and *ultiple5ingtechni3ue that distri-utes the signal and

its side-ands over a very wide-andwidth.

Ser*ers

The co*puters that hold shared files,progra*s and the networ/ operatingsyste*. They also provide access tonetwor/ resources to all the users of thenetwor/.

'r%ad.a&d

6S@#

:t is defined -y the :TM6T as a servicethat provides trans*ission channels

capa-le of supporting trans*issionrates greater than the pri*ary data rate.

?%rard Err%r%rrecti%&

:t is the only error6correction sche*ethat actually detects and correctstrans*ission errors when they arereceived without re3uiring atrans*ission.

Sessi%& layer

This J: ayer is responsi-le fornetwor/ availa-ility, data storage andprocessor capacity. :t also deter*inesthe type of dialogue availa-le.

free spacepat( l%ss

:t is often defined as the loss incurred-y an electro*agnetic wave as itpropagates in a straight line through avacuu* with no a-sorption or reflectionof energy fro* near-y o-ects.

a+.ie&ce

0hat do you call the accu*ulation of

additional sounds such as wind, streetnoise, other voices that contri-ute towhat the listener hear1

(%p

:t is a single trans*ission path fro*trans*itter to receiver with line of sightrange.

i&te&sity

:t is defined -y the average rate atwhich energy is carried out per unitarea.

t(e freB)e&cy%f t(e a*e

0hat happens to the fre3uency of the


15/29

stays t(e sa+e(ile t(ea*ele&t(c(a&es"

wave and to its wavelength when asound wave produced in one *ediu*enters another *ediu* with a differentspeed1

10 0hat is the p" level of toilet soap1

a)di% +ii&The process of co*-ining *ultiple

audio signals into one trac/ is called1

te+p%The speed of se3uence of *usicalnotes is called1

i&creases:f the fre3uency of a sound is increased,what will happen to its pitch1

:%t Sta&d.y

A type of *icrowave protection syste*where each wor/ing channel has adedicated -ac/ up or spare channel.

electr%lysis

A *ethod of nonspontaneous lysing=splitting> of a su-stance -y the input ofelectrical energy, and is often used todeco*pose a co*pound into itsele*ents.

si&al B)ality

detect%r

Also /nown as !in 2? of the R62)2interface on D connector, thisconnection allows signals to -etrans*itted fro* the DCE to the

attached DTE whenever there is a highpro-a-ility of an error in the receiveddata due to the 3uality of the circuitfalling -elow a predefined level.

i%&ic .%&di&:t is the electrostatic forces of attraction-etween oppositely charged ions.

.)rst err%r ______ which *eans that 2 or *ore -itsin the data unit have changed1

1000 'aseH= :t is a four6wire iga-it Etherneti*ple*entation.

=@-

:t is a digital process that allows severalconnections to share the high-andwidth of a lin/.

!? a&d @?:EEE (2.?? is define in which 4ACsu-layer1

-a&etr%&

:t is the oldest *icrowave tu-e design

which is co**only used in radartrans*itters where they can generatepea/ power levels in the *egawattrange.

ASC

A *odulation process wherein -othfre3uency and phase re*ains constantwhile the a*plitude changes.

cyclicred)&da&cy

c(ec

:t is the *ost powerful redundancychec/ing techni3ue which is -ased on

-inary division.

Se+ic%&d)ct%r

0hat do you call the ele*ent withelectrical properties -etween those ofan insulator and a conductor1

a+%rtizati%&

:t is the ter* applied to any *ethod ofe5tinguishing a de-t, principal andinterest, -y a series of pay*ents,usually at e3ual intervals.

e&c%der :n pulse6code *odulation, it translatesthe 3uanti;ed sa*ples into digital codewords.

*erticalred)&da&cyc(ec

:t is an error detection techni3ue inwhich a redundant -it is appended toevery data unit so that the total nu*-erof ?s in the unit =including the parity -it>-eco*es even.

Star A local area networ/ topology in which

the individual ter*inal, *icroco*putersor wor/stations are connected directly


16/29

to a central co*puter.

B)adrat)rea+plit)de+%d)lati%&

The only way to achieve high data rateswith a narrow-and channel is toincrease the nu*-er of -its per sy*-ol,the *ost relia-le way to do this is to usea co*-ination of a*plitude and phase*odulation /nown as _________.

ta&de+ %ffice

Telephone switch that connects only toother switches, and not to individualcusto*ers.

A-

:t is a for* of digital *odulation si*ilarto !K e5cept the digital infor*ation iscontained in -oth a*plitude and thephase of the trans*itted carrier.

!


17/29

c%llisi%&

The loss of data that occurs when twostations trans*it at the sa*e ti*e on anetwor/

O& (%%

A ter* used to descri-e a telephoneinstru*ent whose handset is on itscradle, ready to receive a ring signal

!- The *ost co**only used digital*odulation sche*e.

(ecs)+

i*ple for* of redundancy errorchec/ing where each character has anu*erical value assigned to it. Thecharacters within a *essage areco*-ined together to produce an errorchec/ing character.

E'@6 c%de

:s an eight6-it fi5ed length character set

developed in ?9'2 -y the :nternational#usiness 4achines Corporation.

!-The *ost co**only used digital*odulation sche*e.

asy&c(r%&%)s

Designed to send characters of the*essage with the specified -it rate -utwithout any fi5ed ti*ing relationshipfro* one character to the ne5t.

802"5 To/en Ring tandard

arrierRec%*ery

:t is the process of e5tracting a phase6coherent reference carrier fro* areceiver signal.

r%sstal

:t is a potential pro-le* whenever two*etallic conductors carrying differentsignals are located in close pro5i*ity toeach other.

t(res(%ldeffect 0hat is the ter*ed refer as the rapiddegradation of output signal 3uality with

channel induced errors1

'a)d%t c%de

0hat was the first fi5ed6lengthcharacter code developed for *achinesrather than for people1

+e+%ryless

A source whose output satisfies thecondition of statistical independence

a*ong letters in the se3uence is said to-e_____.

@ata


18/29

.ase.a&dThe co*posite signal that *odulatesthe I4 carrier.

parity

:t is a si*ple *eans of error detection. :tinvolves the addition of one e5tra -it tothe -its that encode a character.

:)ff+a&c%di&

A data co*pression sche*e that uses

fewer -its to represent *ore fre3uentlyoccurring characters or -it patterns and*ore -its to represent those occur lessfre3uently.

'a)d ratepeed at which sy*-ols are trans*ittedin a digital co**unication syste*s.

)a&tizati%&

:t is the process of converting an infinitenu*-er of possi-ilities to a finitenu*-er of conditions.

@y&a+icRa&e

:t is the ratio of the largest possi-le*agnitude to the s*allest possi-le*agnitude that can easily -e decoded-y the digital to analog converter in thereceiver.

A#S6

:t is the institution that developed the AC:: =A*erican tandard Code for:nfor*ation :ntertchange>.

Jea&H'aptiste?%)rier

:n early ?9s, he showed that anyco*posite signal is a su* of a set ofsine waves of different fre3uencies,phases and a*plitudes.

+%de+

:t is an electronic device that is used forco*puter co**unications throughtelephone lines.

:arry #yB)ist howed *athe*atically that it ispossi-le to reconstruct a -and6li*ited

analog signal fro* periodic sa*ples, aslong as the sa*pling rate is at least

twice the fre3uency of the highestfre3uency co*ponent of the signal.

@iital Si&al!r%cessi&

:n operation, *any *odern codecsachieved co*pression -y first encodingthe signals using a ?26-it linear !C4code, then converting the ?26-it linearcode into an (6-it co*pressed code -y

discarding so*e of the -its. This is asi*ple e5a*ple of8

?latHt%ppedSa+pli&

a*pling of an analog signal using asa*ple6and6hold circuit such that thesa*ple has the sa*e a*plitude for itswhole duration.

-essae(a&&el

The -asic -uilding -loc/ of the ID4hierarchy.

Sa+)el ?"'-%rse

0ho invented the telegraph1

A+plit)deHS(ift Ceyi&

The si*plest *odulation techni3ue,where a -inary infor*ation signal*odulates the a*plitude of an analogcarrier.

!(ysical through a trans*ission *ediu*.

?%rard Err%r%rrecti%&

Error6correction sche*e that actuallydetect and corrects trans*ission errorswhen they are received withoutre3uiring a retrans*ission.

=ra&spare&cy

:t allows the overall co*ple5ity of thesyste* to -e -ro/en down intoindividual function Olayers6 that operate

essentially -y the*selves.


19/29

State=ra&siti%&@iara+

This are very useful pictorialrepresentations that clearly show theprotocol operations such as words orconventional drawings.


20/29

re3uired for a pair of conductors to -econsidered as a trans*ission line1

parallelHres%&a&t

At e5actly one63uarter wavelength, theshort6circuited trans*ission line-ehaves as a=an> ___________ circuit.

+icr%strip

0hich of the following is a flat

conductor separated -y an insulatingdielectric fro* a large ground plane thatis usually one63uarter or one6halfwavelength long1

N M

Jne co*plete revolution around a*ith Chart represents _________wavelengths.

res%&a&t A *is*atched trans*ission line is alsoreferred to as a ___________ line.

*el%city fact%r

:t is the ratio of the speed ofpropagation on a line to that of light infree6space.

A= 5

0hich of the following is the *ostwidely used MT! ca-le that can carry-ase-and data at rates up to ? 4-psat a range up to ?*1

t(e si&al is

diffic)lt t%de+%d)late

Jne of the advantages of D# is the

savings of great deal of power. 0hich of the following is the reason why it is notwidely used1

(i(Hle*el+%d)lat%r

:f the input in a trans*itter is collector6*odulated, the syste* is called a _______________________.

deHe+p(asis

0hat circuit is used to return thefre3uency response of a signal to itsnor*al, Bflat level1

c%+pa&di& :t is the *ost co**on *eans of

overco*ing the pro-le*s of 3uanti;ingerror and noise.

a&te&&arecipr%city

________________ *eans that thecharacteristics and perfor*ance of anantenna are the sa*e whether theantenna is radiating or intercepting anelectro*agnetic signal.

t%p (at l%adi&

0hich of the following *ethods is usedto lower the resonant fre3uency of ashortened vertical antenna1

e&d effect

:t is a pheno*enon caused -y anysupport insulators used at the ends ofthe wire antenna.

+%re c%stH

effecti*e

0hich of the following is not a reasonwhy *ost half6wave antennas are

*ounted hori;ontally at lowfre3uencies1

radiati%&patter&

The shape of the electro*agneticenergy radiated fro* or received -y anantenna is called the

%+&idirecti%&al

Antennas that trans*it an e3ual a*ountof energy in the hori;ontal direction arecalled

directi*ityThe a-ility of an antenna to send orreceive signals over a narrow hori;ontaldirectional range is referred to as

parasitic array

A -asic antenna connected to atrans*ission line plus one or *oreadditional conductors that are notconnected to the trans*ission line for*a

ai a&te&&a

An antenna *ade up of a driven

ele*ent and one or *ore parasiticele*ents is generally referred to as a


21/29

c%lli&ear

0hich antennas usually consist of twoor *ore half6wave dipoles *ounted endto end1

.r%adsidearray

A stac/ed collinear antenna consistingof half6wave dipoles spaced fro* oneanother -y one6half wavelengths is the

+ai+)+p%er tra&sferill tae place

0hen the characteristic i*pedance ofthe trans*ission line *atches theoutput i*pedance of the trans*itter andthe i*pedance of the antenna itself,

a secti%&

A one63uarter wavelength of coa5ial or-alanced trans*ission line of a specifici*pedance connected -etween a loadand a source in order to *atchi*pedances is

=E20

A signal propagated in a waveguide hasa full wave of electric intensity change-etween two further walls, and noco*ponent of the electric field in thedirection of propagation. The *ode is

is%lat%r

:t is a *icrowave device that allows RIenergy to pass through in one directionwith very little loss, -ut a-sor-s RIpower in the opposite direction.

s(r%)d A *etal wrapped around the para-olicantenna aperture to eli*inate sidelo-esinterfering near-y stations is called

is reater t(a&i& free space

The wavelength of a wave in awaveguide _________.

00 latit)deeostationary satellites are located at ____ with respect to the e3uator.

G=The 3uality of a space6lin/ is *easured

in ter*s of the ______ ratio.

=(e dista&ce.etee& t(esatellite a&dr%)&d stati%&is c(a&i&,ca)si& t(e@%ppler effect

0hy does the downlin/ fre3uencyappear to vary -y several /"; during alow earth or-it satellite pass1

=eledesic The *ost a*-itious EJ constellationto date is ______.

Gai& i&creases.y 9"54 d',.ea+idt(decreases t%13 %f itsf%r+er *al)e"

A satellite6dish owner has a ) *eterdish designed for C6-and =& ";>operation. The owner wants to use thesa*e dish with a new feedhorn, for Ku6-and =?2 ";> satellites. 0hat effectwill the change in fre3uency have onthe gain and -ea*width of theantenna1

14 G:z0hat is the no*inal uplin/ fre3uency for the Ku -and1

1

To cover all inha-ited regions of theearth, the nu*-er of polar6or-itsatellites re3uired is

=(e sec%&da&te&&a (as a(i(er ai&"

Two antennas have gains of %.) d#i and&.% d#d, respectively. 0hich has agreater gain1

:ertz a&te&&a A half6wave dipole is so*eti*es called8

.etee& (alfHp%er p%i&ts

An antennas -ea*width is *easured

radi% si&alsreflecti& %fft(e r%)&d

@round Effects@ refers to the effects onan antennas radiation pattern caused-y

a s(%rted st).,a&


22/29

t(e &)+.er %fl%.esi&creases

As the length of a @long6wire@ antenna isincreased


23/29

88 D 108 -:zIre3uency allocation of I4 -roadcast inthe !hilippinesH

#=S0hat is the color T syste* adopted -ythe !hilippines1

3"579545E5act value of color su-carrierfre3uency =4";> is H

1 -

0hat is the *a5i*u* allowa-le ER!sfor channels 7 O ?) in 4etro 4anila and4etro Ce-u1

525 At $TC standard, the nu*-er of linesper fra*e P ________ l inesfra*e

/ -:z$o*inal RI -andwidth of $TC TchannelH

=F !icH)pstati%&

A land *o-ile station used for the

trans*ission of T progra* *aterialsand related co**unications fro* thescenes of events occurring at re*otepoints fro* T -roadcast stationstudios to T -roadcast station.

sy a*e

0hat is the *ode of radio wavepropagation that utili;ed ionosphere asa *ediu* of trans*ission and orreception of radio signals1

space di*ersity

0hat is a diversity sche*e that usestwo =2> separate antennas andreceivers for each single trans*itter1

freB)e&cydi*ersity

0hat is a diversity sche*e that usestwo =2> different fre3uencies in asi*ple5 path1

6&*erse SB)arela

The power density is inverselyproportional to the s3uare of thedistance fro* the source. This law is/nown asH

E

The lowest portion of the ionospherethat is useful for long6distanceco**unication -y a*ateursF a-out ?to ??% /* a-ove the earth is /nown astheH layer. This is often ter*ed as theKennely6"eavyside layer.

Radiati%&!atter&

A graph which shows the radiation in

actual field strength of electro*agneticfields at all points which are at e3ualdistance fro* the antenna is /nownasH

11Hyears)&sp%t

A pheno*enon on the surface of thesun with appearance anddisappearance of dar/ irregularlyshaped areas.

i&creasea&te&&a (ei(t

0hat should -e done to increase thetrans*ission distance at fre3uencieshigher than "I -ands1

electricalpr%perties %ft(e terrai&,a&te&&ap%larizati%&,freB)e&cy

0hich of the following factors *ust -econsidered in the trans*ission of asurface wave to reduce attenuation1

area c%des

:dentical telephone nu*-ers in different

parts of a country are distinguished -ytheir ___.

i& erla&s Telephone traffic is *easured ____.

repeater :n a cellular telephone syste*, each cellsite contains a ____.

t(e )&it isP(a&ded %ffQt% a cl%ser cell

0hen the signal fro* a *o-ile cellularunit drops -elow a certain level, whataction occurs1

cl)ster :n a cellular telephone syste*, group of


24/29

cells is called ___.

f%rard li&s

:n Cellular Telephone yste*s, theseare trans*issions fro* -ase stations to*o-ile units =Downlin/>

48 *%lts @The typical voltage across a telephonewhen on6hoo/ is8

tr)& li&es Central offices are connected -y8

%cc)rs (e&t(e ce&tral%ffice capacityis eceeded

:n telephony, call -loc/ing is8

tistedHpairc%pper ire

The ca-le used for local loops intelephone syste* is *ainly8

/97:z,770:z,8

52:z,941:z

:n DT4I, the four vertical fre3uencies

are ____.

1209:z,133/:z,1477:z,1/33:z

:n DT4I, the "ori;ontal fre3uencies are

re*erse li&s

:n Cellular Telephone yste*s, theseare trans*issions fro* *o-ile units to-ase stations =Mplin/>

(i( r%)pfreB)e&cies

:n DT4I, the hori;ontal fre3uencies isalso /nown as

l% r%)pfreB)e&cies

:n DT4I, the ertical fre3uencies isalso /nown as

all% si&alst% .e+)ltipleed

The -andwidth of voice6grade signalson a telephone syste* is restricted inorder to8

rei%&al ce&ter

This is the highest6ran/ing office in theDDD networ/ in telephony in ter*s ofthe si;e of the geographical area served

and the trun/ing options availa-le.

Ad*a&ced-%.ile !(%&eSer*ice

:n Cellular Radio, A4! stand for8

'ase Stati%&%&tr%ller

:n Cellular Radio, #C stands for8

-%.ileSitc(i&

e&ter

:n Cellular Radio, 4C stands for8

trafficc(a&&els

:n 4, voice channels are called8

freB)e&cy(%ppi&

:n 4o-ile Co**unications, 4 uses8

6&ter&ati%&al-%.ileS).scri.er6de&tificati%&

:n 4o-ile Co**unications, :4: standsfor8

re*er.erati%&

An acoustical pheno*enon wherein thesound continues to persist after thecause of sound has stopped resulting inrepeated reflections is calledH

%&de&ser

A type of *icrophone that uses theprinciple of a capacitor as a *eans oftransduction. :t uses a polari;ingvoltage of -etween 9 and &( of DCsupply applied to its diaphrag* -y ane5ternal power supply.

A.s%rpti%&%efficie&t

A nu*-er fro* to ? representing thea-ility of a surface *aterial to a-sor-sound energy is /nown asH

dy&a+ic ra&e

The difference in d# -etween theloudest level of sound and the softestpassage of sound is /nown as _

ritical

?reB)e&cy

The highest fre3uency that can -e used

for s/ywave propagation -etween two


25/29

specific points on earth+s surface.

fadi&ariation in signal loss caused -ynatural weather distur-ances.

*irt)al (ei(t

The height a-ove the earth+s surfacefro* which a refracted wave appears tohave -een reflectedH

ritical?reB)e&cy

The highest fre3uency that can -e usedfor s/ywave propagation -etween twospecific points on earth+s surface.

sy a*esElectro*agnetic waves that are directeda-ove the hori;on level.

6&fraredThe *ost co**on light used in fi-er6optic lin/s is

50 a&d /2"5

+icr%&

:n the teleco**unications industry, the

*ost co**only used fi-er=s> are

Step i&de

The a-rupt change in refractive inde5fro* core to cladding of fi-er6optic ca-leis called the

-i&i+ize t(ec%re dia+eter

A techni3ue that is used to *ini*i;e thepulse dispersion effect is to

!%erc%&s)+pti%&

0hich is not an i*portant characteristicof a light detector1

a*e)idedispersi%&

The dispersion of light in fi-er6opticca-le caused -y a portion of the lightenergy traveling in the cladding is called

@istri.)tedfeed.ac@?' a&d*ertical ca*itys)rfacee+itti&FSE


26/29

of great thic/ness re3uired of lensesused at lower *icrowave fre3uencies or for strong curved wavefronts.

a&te&&a

A structure6generally *etallic andso*eti*es very co*ple56designed toprovide an efficient coupling -etweenspace and the output of a trans*itter or

input to a receiver.

@irecti*e ai&

The ratio co*paring the power densitygenerated -y a practical antenna inso*e direction, with that due to anisotopic antenna radiating the sa*etotal power.

'r%adsideacti%&

Any array that is directional at rightangles to the plane of the array is said,-y inference, to have __________.

Apert)re

The ratio of the focal length to the*outh dia*eter is called __________ of the para-ola, ust as in ca*era lenses.

Res%&a&ta&te&&a

Corresponds to a resonant trans*issionline, and the dipole antennas descri-eso far have -een resonant.

Resp%&si*ity

:n fi-er optics, it is a *easure of theconversion efficiency of a

photodetector. :t is the ratio of theoutput current of a photodiode to theinput optical power and has the unit ofa*peres per watt

Static fati)e

A pheno*enon also called stresscorrosion resulting if the glass fi-er ise5posed to long periods of highhu*idity1

!la&c;s la The theory which states that when

visi-le light or high6fre3uency

electro*agnetic radiation illu*inates a*etallic surface, electrons are e*itted.

!(%t%+etryThe science of *easuring only lightwaves that are visi-le to the hu*an eye

Spread

spectr)+

The type of radio trans*ission that usespseudorando*ly switchedtrans*issions is /nown as


27/29

%deHdi*isi%&+)ltipleHaccesssyste+s

The acrony* CD4A refers to ________.

Ort(%%&al?reB)e&cy@i*isi%&-)ltiplei&

The acrony* JID4 refers to ________.

Radi%tele+etry

Msing radio to trans*it gathered dataon so*e particular pheno*enon withouthu*an *onitors is /nown as

?SC

The acrony* for the for* of datatrans*ission in which the *odulatingwave shifts the output -etween twopredeter*ined fre3uencies is _____.

reHcreated

!seudorando* i*plies a se3uence that

can -e _____ -ut has the properties ofrando*ness.

:y.rid

______ i*plies that -oth analog anddigital signals share the sa*e channel-andwidth.

Re+%teTele*etry *ay -e defined as _____*etering.

!)lseH

freB)e&cy+%d)lati%&!?-

0hich is not a type of pulse*odulation1

#%isec(aracteristics

!!4 and !04 are superior to !A4syste*s in


28/29

p%larizati%&:t is a result of an increase in the chargedensity in dielectric *aterials.

directi*ity :t refers to the *a5i*u* antenna gain.

radi% (%riz%&

The *a5i*u* hori;ontal distance-etween the trans*itter and thereceiver for line of sight propagation is

/nown as8

e&d fireTypical *ode of radiation of helicalantenna is8

*erticalThe electric field is perpendicular to theearth+s surface, the polari;ation is8

-? -edi)+?reB)e&cy

:n what *aor RI -and is ground wave-asically applied1

sta&di& a*e

rati%

A *easure of *is*atch in a

trans*ission line

criticalfreB)e&cy

The highest fre3uency that can -e set-ac/ to earth -y the ionosphere, if waveis sent vertically upward.

space a*e

Travel in a straight line fro* thetrans*itting antenna to the receivingantenna.

t(ey are *ery

relia.le

I waves are for so*e types of

services -ecause

a*ele&t(

:t is the distance -etween two wavefronts having the sa*e phase at anygiven instant.

st).:t is a piece of trans*ission line which isnor*ally short6circuited at the far end.

le&t(

The characteristic i*pedance of atrans*ission line does not depend upon

its

i&p)t

Characteristic i*pedance of atrans*ission line is the i*pedance*easured at the _______ when itslength is infinite.

? layer

0hich region of the ionosphere is*ainly responsi-le for long6distancenight ti*e co**unications1

r(%+.ic 0hich is properly ter*inated antenna1

diffracti%&Jccurs when the radio -ea* is at pointof gra;ing over an o-stacle.

92"4 L 20l% ?L 20 l% @

A *icrowave co**unications syste*,space loss calculation for*ula is

@ata

@y&a+ic ra&e

:s the ratio of the largest possi-le*agnitude to the s*allest possi-le*agnitude that can -e decoded -y thedigital6to6analog converter.

@elta+%d)lati%&

:s a !C4 syste* which uses a single-it !C4 code to achieve digitaltrans*ission of analog signals.


29/29

32 .its :! version & address length is

Sitc(:s a *ultiport -ridge that provides-ridging function.

R%)ter

:s a device which operates in the$etwor/ layer and it *a/es forwardingdecisions on the -asis of networ/

addresses.51"84 -.ps JC6? =T6?> line rate is

!eerHt%Hpeerclie&tser*er&et%r

:s one in which all co*puters sharetheir resources with all the otherco*puters on the networ/.

(a&&elser*ice )&it

:s used to interface DTEs to digitaltrans*ission channels

=-

4odulation which co*-ines encoding

and *odulation to reduce the pro-a-ilityof error.

'ER:s an e*pirical record of a syste*+sactual -it error perfor*ance

:a++i& c%de

:s an error6correcting code used forcorrecting trans*ission errors insynchronous data strea*s.

iecep identification copy

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