iec template iecstd · 2020. 12. 8. · iec 60335-2-114 household and similar electrical appliances...

125/8/NP

NEW WORK ITEM PROPOSAL (NP)

PROPOSER: DATE OF PROPOSAL:

China 2019-08-05

DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:

2019-08-16 2019-11-08

IEC TC 125 : PERSONAL E-TRANSPORTERS (PETS)

SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:

Belgium Mr Ky-Tho Ly

NEED FOR IEC COORDINATION: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:

TC 21,TC 61,TC 69,TC 77,TC 106,CIS/D

Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any, in this NP to the TC/SC secretary

FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:

EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY

TITLE OF PROPOSAL:

Personal e-Transporters - Safety requirements and test methods

STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

PROPOSED PROJECT NUMBER: -1

SCOPE

(AS DEFINED IN ISO/IEC DIRECTIVES, PART 2, 14):

This international standard specifies the general safety requirements, electrical safety, functional safety, mechanical safety, reliability, test conditions and test methods, marking and description of Personal e-Transporters.

This standard is applicable to Personal e-Transporters which are used on the road or in the public space of electrically powered transport devices (i.e. no human (propulsion) power input) and where the speed control and/or the steering control is electrical/electronical, including self-balancing vehicles, e-scooters, etc.

PURPOSE AND JUSTIFICATION

INCLUDING THE MARKET RELEVANCE, WHETHER IT IS A PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD (GUIDE 108) AND RELATIONSHIP TO SAFETY (GUIDE 104), EMC (GUIDE 107), ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS (GUIDE 109) AND QUALITY ASSURANCE (GUIDE 102):

This International Standard proposal has been developed to cope with the rapidly evolving personnel e-transporters. The global market sizes and applications are expected to grow significantly. However, due to the appearance of personnel e-transporters in public spaces and roads, some products can reach speeds of 25 km/h or even higher. In order to protect safety for persons and public facilities, besides basic safety requirements, comprehensive

Copyright © 2019 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without permission in writing from IEC.

125/8/NP – 2 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

safety requirements and test methods such as riding safety for people and road signs for e-transporters shall also be considered. Based on the current situation, this international standard provides comprehensive safety requirements and corresponding test methods for personnel e-transporters, which is convenient for manufacturers and test departments to use. This international standard is not a horizonal standard and it is a safety standard.

TARGET DATE(S) FOR FIRST CD:

2020-11-27

FOR IS: 2022-08-26

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF MEETINGS:

FREQUENCY OF MEETINGS: DATE OF FIRST MEETING: PLACE OF FIRST MEETING:

8 3 per year 2019-11-18 China

RELEVANT DOCUMENTS TO BE CONSIDERED:

No international documents that are directly relevant. At the national and regional level there are the following standards: ：

GB/T 34668-2017 Electrical self-balancing vehicles—Safety requirements and test methods

GB/T 34667-2017 Electrical self-balancing vehicles—General technical requirements

UL2272 Standard for Electrical Systems for Personal E-Mobility Devices

CEN/TC354/ prEN 17128 PLEV; Personal light electric vehicles - Safety requirements and test methods

ISO 13482：2014 Robots and robotic devices -- Safety requirements for personal care robots

IEC 60335-2-114 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-114: Particular requirements for self-balancing personal transport devices for use with batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes

JIS B 8846-3 Self-balancing person carrier robots

RELATIONSHIP OF PROJECT TO ACTIVITIES OF OTHER INTERNATIONAL BODIES:

None

LIAISONS WITH INTERNATIONAL BODIES: NEED FOR ISO COORDINATION:

DOCUMENT MATURITY:

A DRAFT IS ATTACHED FOR COMMENT* AN OUTLINE IS ATTACHED

* Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.

CONCERNS KNOWN PATENTED ITEMS (SEE ISO/IEC DIRECTIVES, PART 2) YES NO

PATENT DESCRIPTION:

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 3 – 125/8/NP

WE NOMINATE A PROJECT LEADER IN ACCORDANCE WITH ISO/IEC DIRECTIVES, PART 1

LAST NAME: FIRST NAME: E-MAIL: COUNTRY:

Yang Shuping

[email protected] China

COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:

WORK ALLOCATION:

NEW PROJECT TEAM NEW WORKING GROUP EXISTING WORKING GROUP:

IF APPROVED, THE NEXT STAGE SHOULD BE:

CD CDV

REMARKS FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:

This new work item proposal is to cover the terminology, classification and the basic/general requirements for the devices of TC 125.

APPROVAL CRITERIA

• Approval of the new work item proposal by a 2/3 majority of the P-members voting; • At least 4 P-members in the case of a committee with 16 or fewer P-members, or at least 5 P-members in the case of

committees with more than 17 P-members, have nominated or confirmed the name of an expert and approved the new work item proposal.

125/8/NP – 4 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

CONTENTS 1

2

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 7 3

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 9 4

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 10 5

2 Normative references .................................................................................................... 10 6

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................... 11 7

4 Test conditions .............................................................................................................. 13 8

4.1 Test road .............................................................................................................. 13 9

4.2 Testing driver ........................................................................................................ 13 10

4.3 Test environment .................................................................................................. 13 11

4.4 Test device ........................................................................................................... 14 12

5 General safety requirements .......................................................................................... 14 13

5.1 Materials ............................................................................................................... 14 14

5.1.1 Non-metal materials ...................................................................................... 14 15

5.1.2 Metal materials .............................................................................................. 14 16

5.2 Enclosure ............................................................................................................. 14 17

5.3 Sharp edges ......................................................................................................... 14 18

5.4 Warning devices ................................................................................................... 14 19

5.5 Safety protection function ..................................................................................... 15 20

5.5.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection .......................................................... 15 21

5.5.2 Charging lock ................................................................................................ 15 22

5.6 Functional and components .................................................................................. 15 23

5.6.1 Wireless connection ...................................................................................... 15 24

5.6.2 Automatic shutdown function ......................................................................... 15 25

5.6.3 Safety alarm function ..................................................................................... 15 26

5.6.4 Pedal ............................................................................................................. 15 27

5.6.5 Switch ........................................................................................................... 15 28

5.6.6 Folding mechanism ........................................................................................ 15 29

5.6.7 Cells and battery pack ................................................................................... 16 30

5.6.8 Charger ......................................................................................................... 16 31

5.6.9 Motor ............................................................................................................. 16 32

5.6.10 Cables and connectors .................................................................................. 16 33

5.7 Main technical performance requirements ............................................................. 16 34

5.7.1 Maximum design speed ................................................................................. 16 35

5.7.2 Brake performance ........................................................................................ 16 36

5.7.3 Rated mileage ............................................................................................... 17 37

5.8 Appearance requirements ..................................................................................... 17 38

6 Electrical safety ............................................................................................................. 17 39

6.1 Insulation requirements ......................................................................................... 17 40

6.2 Wiring requirements .............................................................................................. 17 41

6.3 Safety requirements for short circuit ...................................................................... 18 42

6.4 Thermal requirements ........................................................................................... 18 43

6.5 Dielectric strength ................................................................................................. 18 44

7 Functional safety ........................................................................................................... 18 45

8 Mechanical safety .......................................................................................................... 18 46

8.1 Enclosure protection class .................................................................................... 18 47

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 5 – 125/8/NP

8.2 Static strength ...................................................................................................... 18 48

8.3 Dynamic strength .................................................................................................. 18 49

8.4 Strain relief ........................................................................................................... 18 50

8.5 Handle strength .................................................................................................... 19 51

8.6 Saddle strength .................................................................................................... 19 52

9 Reliability ...................................................................................................................... 19 53

9.1 Vibration ............................................................................................................... 19 54

9.2 Drop ..................................................................................................................... 19 55

9.3 Impact .................................................................................................................. 19 56

9.4 Temperature shock ............................................................................................... 19 57

9.5 Partial water immersion ........................................................................................ 19 58

9.6 Salt spray resistance ............................................................................................ 20 59

9.7 Low temperature test ............................................................................................ 20 60

9.7.1 Low temperature storage ............................................................................... 20 61

9.7.2 Low temperature operation ............................................................................ 20 62

9.8 High temperature test ........................................................................................... 20 63

9.8.1 High temperature storage .............................................................................. 20 64

9.8.2 High temperature and high humidity operation ............................................... 20 65

9.9 Electromagnetic compatibility ................................................................................ 20 66

10 Test methods ................................................................................................................. 20 67

10.1 Safety protection function test ............................................................................... 20 68

10.1.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection .......................................................... 20 69

10.1.2 Charging lock ................................................................................................ 21 70

10.2 Functional requirements test ................................................................................. 21 71

10.2.1 Wireless connection test ................................................................................ 21 72

10.2.2 Automatic shutdown function test .................................................................. 21 73

10.2.3 Signal function test ........................................................................................ 21 74

10.3 Main technical performance test ........................................................................... 21 75

10.3.1 Maximum design speed test .......................................................................... 21 76

10.3.2 Brake performance test ................................................................................. 22 77

10.3.3 Rated mileage test ......................................................................................... 23 78

10.4 Electrical safety test .............................................................................................. 23 79

10.4.1 Motor overload test ........................................................................................ 23 80

10.4.2 Motor locked-rotor test ................................................................................... 24 81

10.4.3 Short-circuit test ............................................................................................ 24 82

10.4.4 Thermal test .................................................................................................. 25 83

10.4.5 Dielectric strength test ................................................................................... 25 84

10.5 Mechanical safety test .......................................................................................... 25 85

10.5.1 Enclosure protection class test ...................................................................... 25 86

10.5.2 Static strength test ........................................................................................ 25 87

10.5.3 Dynamic strength test .................................................................................... 26 88

10.5.4 Strain relief test ............................................................................................. 26 89

10.5.5 Handle strength test ...................................................................................... 26 90

10.5.6 Saddle strength test....................................................................................... 27 91

10.6 Reliability test ....................................................................................................... 27 92

10.6.1 Vibration test ................................................................................................. 27 93

10.6.2 Drop test ....................................................................................................... 28 94

10.6.3 Impact test..................................................................................................... 29 95

10.6.4 Temperature shock test ................................................................................. 29 96

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10.6.5 Partial water immersion test .......................................................................... 29 97

10.6.6 Salt spray test ............................................................................................... 30 98

10.6.7 Low temperature test ..................................................................................... 30 99

10.6.8 High temperature test .................................................................................... 30 100

11 Marking and instruction ................................................................................................. 31 101

11.1 General ................................................................................................................. 31 102

11.2 Product nameplate ................................................................................................ 31 103

11.2.1 Nameplate information ................................................................................... 31 104

11.2.2 Durability ....................................................................................................... 31 105

11.3 Safety and warning signs ...................................................................................... 32 106

11.4 Instructions ........................................................................................................... 32 107

Annex A (normative) Protective circuit and safety analysis .................................................. 34 108

Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 35 109

110

Figure 1 – Schematic Diagram of Maximum Speed Test ....................................................... 22 111

Figure 2 – Schematic Diagram of Brake Performance Test ................................................... 23 112

113

Table 1 – Temperature limits of motor winding in overload test ............................................. 24 114

Table 2 – Temperature limits of motor winding in locked-rotor test ........................................ 24 115

Table 3 – Sinusoidal vibration test parameters ...................................................................... 27 116

Table 4 – PSD value on X axis .............................................................................................. 27 117

Table 5 – PSD value on Y axis .............................................................................................. 28 118

Table 6 – PSD value on Y axis (the battery pack is located below the footrest) ..................... 28 119

Table 7 – PSD value on Z axis .............................................................................................. 28 120

Table 8 – Values of drop height h ......................................................................................... 28 121

Table 9 – Impact test parameters .......................................................................................... 29 122

123

124

125

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 7 – 125/8/NP

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION 126

____________ 127

128

PERSONAL E-TRANSPORTERS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TEST 129

METHODS 130 131

132

FOREWORD 133

1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising 134 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote 135 international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To 136 this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, 137 Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC 138 Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested 139 in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-140 governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely 141 with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by 142 agreement between the two organizations. 143

2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international 144 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all 145 interested IEC National Committees. 146

3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National 147 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC 148 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any 149 misinterpretation by any end user. 150

4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications 151 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence 152 between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in 153 the latter. 154

5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity 155 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any 156 services carried out by independent certification bodies. 157

6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 158

7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and 159 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or 160 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and 161 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC 162 Publications. 163

8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is 164 indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 165

9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of 166 patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 167

International Standard IEC XXXXX has been prepared by IEC technical committee 125: 168 Personal e-Transporters (PeTs). 169

In the case of a new edition replacing a previous edition, complete the following 170 text. In the case of a first edition, delete it, as it does not apply. 171

This XXX edition cancels and replaces the XXX edition published in [publication_date], 172 Amendment 1:[publication_date] and Amendment 2:[publication_date]. This edition constitutes 173 a technical revision. 174

This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous 175 edition: 176

a) ...; 177

The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents: 178

125/8/NP – 8 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

FDIS Report on voting

XX/XX/FDIS XX/XX/RVD

179

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in 180 the report on voting indicated in the above table. 181

This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. 182

The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the 183 stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to 184 the specific document. At this date, the document will be 185

• reconfirmed, 186

• withdrawn, 187

• replaced by a revised edition, or 188

• amended. 189

190

The National Committees are requested to note that for this document the stability date 191 is 20XX.. 192

THIS TEXT IS INCLUDED FOR THE INFORMATION OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND WILL BE 193 DELETED AT THE PUBLICATION STAGE. 194

195

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 9 – 125/8/NP

INTRODUCTION 196

This International Standard has been developed to cope with the rapidly evolving personnel e-197 transporters. The global market sizes and applications are expected to grow significantly 198 However, due to the appearance of personnel e-transporters in public spaces and roads, 199 some products can reach speeds of 25 km/h or even higher. In order to protect safety for 200 persons and public facilities, besides basic safety requirements, comprehensive safety 201 requirements and test methods such as riding safety for people and road signs for e-202 transporters shall also be considered. Based on the current situation, this international 203 standard provides comprehensive safety requirements and corresponding test methods for 204 personnel e-transporters, which is convenient for manufacturers and test departments to use. 205 This international standard is not a horizonal standard and it is a safety standard. 206

207

208

125/8/NP – 10 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

PERSONAL E-TRANSPORTERS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TEST 209

METHODS 210 211

212

213

1 Scope 214

This international standard specifies the general safety requirements, electrical safety, 215 functional safety, mechanical safety, reliability, test conditions and test methods, marking and 216 description of Personal e-Transporters. 217

This standard is applicable to Personal e-Transporters which is used on the road or in the 218 public space of electrically powered transport devices (i.e. no human (propulsion) power input) 219 and where the speed control and/or the steering control is electrical/electronical, including 220 self-balancing vehicles, e-scooters, etc. 221

2 Normative references 222

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their 223 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition 224 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including 225 any amendments) applies. 226

IEC 60068-2-14:2009 Environmental testing - Part 2-14: Tests - Test N: Change of 227 temperature 228

ISO 4210-9: 2014 Cycles -- Safety requirements for bicycles -- Part 9: Saddles and seat-229 post test methods 230

IEC 60529: 2013 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures （IP Code） 231

IEC 60695-11-10: 2013 Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and 232 vertical flame test methods 233

IEC 60034-1: 2017 Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance 234

IEC 61508-1：2010 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-235

related systems - Part 1: General requirements 236

ISO 13849-1 ： 2015 Safety of machinery -- Safety-related parts of control systems --237

Part 1: General principles for design 238

IEC 61000-6-1: 2016 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-1: Generic standards - 239 Immunity standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments 240

IEC 61000-6-1: 2010 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3: Generic standards - 241 Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments 242

IEC 62133-1:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 243 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made 244 from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems 245

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 11 – 125/8/NP

IEC 62133-2:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 246 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary lithium cells, and for 247 batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 2: Lithium systems 248

IEC 60950-1:2013 Information technology equipment - Safety - Part 1: General requirements 249

IEC 60068-2-11:1981 Basic environmental testing procedures - Part 2-11: Tests - Test Ka: 250 Salt mist 251

IEC 60068-2-1:2007 Environmental testing - Part 2-1: Tests - Test A: Cold 252

IEC 60068-2-2:2007 Environmental testing - Part 2-2: Tests - Test B: Dry heat 253

IEC 60812:2018 Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA) 254

3 Terms and definitions 255

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 256

3.1 257 personal e-transporters 258 PeTs 259

device which is used on the road or in the public space of electrically powered transport 260 devices (i.e. no human (propulsion) power input) and where the speed control and/or the 261 steering control is electrical/electronical, and the maximum speed is not exceed 25km/h 262

3.2 263 safety alarm 264

a definitely noticeable alarm sent to the user in case of internal fault detected (e.g. abnormal 265 voltage of battery or fault of control unit) or abnormal operation of PeTs 266

3.3 267 enclosure 268

a component of the equipment equipped with one or more function(s) specified in 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 269 or 3.7 270

Note 1 to entry: One type of enclosure may be in another enclosure of other type (for example, an electrical 271 enclosure may be in a fire enclosure or a fire enclosure may be in an electrical enclosure). In addition, one type of 272 enclosure may provide the functions of various types of enclosures (for example, a combination of functions of 273 electrical enclosure and fire enclosure). 274

Note 2 to entry: It is revised from definition 1.2.6.1 in IEC 60950-1: 2013. 275

3.4 276 fire enclosure 277

equipment component used to minimize the fire or flame spreading in the equipment 278

[SOURCE: IEC 60950-1: 2013, definition 1.2.6.2] 279

3.5 280 mechanical enclosure 281

equipment component used to reduce the damage caused by mechanical hazard and other 282 physical hazard 283


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3.6 285 electrical enclosure 286

equipment component used to limit the exposure to parts and components which may bring 287 hazardous voltage or hazardous energy level 288

Note 1 to entry: It is revised from definition 1.2.6.4 in IEC 60950-1:2013. 289

3.7 290 environmental enclosure 291

equipment component used to limit damage of parts and components or hazards caused by 292 ingress of external environmental substances into the equipment 293

3.8 294 decorative part 295

equipment part and component without protective function which is located on the outside of 296 the enclosure 297


3.9 299 leakage 300

visible leakage of liquid electrolyte 301

[SOURCE: IEC 62133-1:2017, definition 1.3.9] 302

3.10 303 upper limited charging voltage 304

highest safe charging voltage borne by the battery or battery pack as specified by the 305 manufacturer 306

3.11 307 discharge cut-off voltage 308

load voltage of the battery or battery pack at the end of discharge as specified by the 309 manufacturer 310

3.12 311 active protective device 312

protective device to be driven by power supply, such as battery management systems and 313 control integrated circuit 314

3.13 315 passive protective device 316

protective device not driven by power supply, such as fuse 317

3.14 318 remote control software 319

an application software installed on an intelligent mobile terminal that can set, control or 320 monitor an electrical PeT through wireless connection. 321

3.15 322 brake 323

an action by which an electrical PeT automatically induces its wheels to stop or slow down. 324

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 13 – 125/8/NP

3.16 325 rated mileage 326

it refers to the accumulated mileage, during which, under indoor temperature, a fully charged 327 electrical PeT travels at a constant speed of 60% of the maximum speed specified by the 328 manufacturer at a flat hardened surface with a total load of 75 kg, and when the power is too 329 low to satisfy the speed, it travels at the maximum speed it can achieve, until it cannot 330 continue driving with low power. 331

Note 1 to entry: in kilometer (km) 332

4 Test conditions 333

4.1 Test road 334

The test is carried out on cement or asphalt roads of which the surface shall be smooth, dry 335 and tidy with good adhesion coefficient; the inspection road section shall be as level as 336 possible, whose longitudinal gradient shall not exceed 0.5% and transverse gradient shall not 337 exceed 3%. 338

Test area shall be arranged on the test road, and the width of test channel in the test area 339 shall not be less than 1m. The two ends of this test area shall have a traveling supporting 340 area that is long enough and an auxiliary area for ensuring safe stopping, and shall be able to 341 support travel in both directions. 342

4.2 Testing driver 343

If the maximum load of product is greater than or equal to 75kg, the total mass of the driver 344 and equipment shall not be less than 75kg, otherwise, counterweight shall be used; if the 345 maximum load of product is less than 75kg, the total mass of the driver and equipment shall 346 be the maximum load of product. 347

The driver shall be proficient in driving and familiar with test methods. 348

The driver shall be equipped with necessary protective equipment such as helmet, knee pads 349 and elbow pads. 350

The driver shall drive the vehicle under test according to the operation method specified by 351 the manufacturer, and shall keep the driving posture without significant change in the whole 352 test process and avoid the operation forbidden by the manufacturer. 353

4.3 Test environment 354

The temperature shall be within the working temperature range of the PeTs; unless otherwise 355

specified, the ambient temperature specified in this standard is (25±5)℃. 356

Relative humidity: not greater than 75%. 357

Atmospheric pressure: 86~106kPa. 358

During the test, the average wind speed shall not be greater than 3m/s, and the instantaneous 359 wind speed not greater than 5m/s. 360

Where the test is required to be carried out outdoors, rain and snow days shall be avoided. 361

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4.4 Test device 362

The equipment of complete machine for test shall be complete and fully charged as required 363 by the manufacturer. 364

The complete machine for test shall be in the state of normal driving according to the 365 manufacturer's instructions. 366

If test instrument is installed on the complete machine for test, its influence on the load 367 distribution of each wheel and wind resistance influence shall be minimized. 368

5 General safety requirements 369

5.1 Materials 370

371

5.1.1 Non-metal materials 372

Non-metal materials such as non-metal enclosures, circuit boards, connectors, etc. of PeTs 373 shall meet the requirements for flame retardancy. The flammability rating of non-metal 374 enclosures and circuit boards shall be at least V-1 and that of non-metal components and 375 parts in the enclosure of connectors shall be at least V-2, and the assessment method should 376 be in accordance with IEC 60695-11-10: 2013. 377

Note 1 to entry： This requirement is not applicable to decorative parts and other parts that cannot be ignited or 378 are unlikely to spread flames generated in the equipment. 379

Where the enclosure is made of thermoplastic non-metal material, it shall meet the 380 requirements of 8.4. 381

5.1.2 Metal materials 382

The metal enclosure of PeTs shall be corrosion-resistant and the corrosion resistance may be 383 achieved by appropriate electroplating or coating treatment. 384

In order to prevent possible short circuit between the live parts and the metal enclosure, an 385 insulating gasket shall be adopted for the metal enclosure, which shall not be made of 386 absorbent material and be able to meet the temperature change in the working process of 387 PeTs (including the charging process). 388

5.2 Enclosure 389

The electrical enclosure, fire enclosure, mechanical enclosure and environmental enclosure of 390 the PeTs shall be designed to be opened only by tools such as pliers, screwdrivers, etc., and 391 cannot be opened by hand alone. 392

5.3 Sharp edges 393

The hard protrusions of the tubular or equipment components on the outside of the PeTs, that 394 may cause a puncture hazard to the user, shall have adequate protection design (e.g. obtuse 395 angle design, etc.) to prevent stabbing the human body. 396

For threads that may result in puncture hazard, the length of the thread beyond its internal 397 coupling fitting shall be limited to the length of the outer diameter of one thread. 398

5.4 Warning devices 399

PeTs shall be fitted with front and rear lights or retro-reflectors or other similar warning 400 devices. There should be no danger of electric shock during the replacement process if the 401

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 15 – 125/8/NP

warning devices could be replaced, and the manufacturer should indicate the method of 402 replacement and installation in the user manual. 403

5.5 Safety protection function 404

5.5.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection 405

Certain protective measures shall be taken for PeTs with energy recovery function to prevent 406 overcharging of the cells and battery pack from energy recovery during downhill or 407 deceleration, e.g., safety alarms or similar protective measures shall be triggered before the 408 cells or battery pack is under overvoltage. PeTs without mechanical brake system (e.g. PeTs) 409 shall not cut off the discharge circuit due to overvoltage protection of cells or battery pack. 410 Where test is carried out according to 10.1.1, the PeTs shall not ignite or explode, and the 411 enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage. 412

5.5.2 Charging lock 413

Where test is carried out according to 10.1.2, the PeTs shall not be able to start for driving 414 during charging. If it can be turned on, protective measures shall be provided to limit its 415 normal driving, such as cutting off driving power of the wheels. 416

417

5.6 Functional and components 418

5.6.1 Wireless connection 419

Electrical PeTs which have the functions of starting up, shutting down, limiting speed and 420 locking by remote control key or remote control software shall have an effective control 421 distance of not less than 2 m. 422

5.6.2 Automatic shutdown function 423

The electrical PeTs with automatic shutdown function shall be shut down automatically after 424 standing for not longer than 20 minutes in the power on state. 425

5.6.3 Safety alarm function 426

The electrical PeTs shall have safety warning functions (such as sound, light, vibration, etc.) 427 to remind users when necessary. 428

5.6.4 Pedal 429

When the user stands on the vehicle for a long time, each pedal shall be equipped with an 430 non-slip surface with an area of not less than 150 cm2. 431

When the user stands on the vehicle for a short time and there is a seat on the vehicle, the 432 non-slip surface length of the pedal shall be at least 65 mm. 433

5.6.5 Switch 434

The electrical PeT shall be equipped with an obvious, easy-to-touch, and incorrect-operation-435 prone controller device to turn on and off the drive power supply, and the device shall be 436 triggered by the user's own action. 437

5.6.6 Folding mechanism 438

The folding mechanism (if any) of the electrical PeTs shall be designed to be locked in a 439 simple, stable and safe manner. During driving, the locking device shall not touch the wheels 440 and other moving parts, and the folding mechanism shall not be unlocked accidentally, 441 incorrectly operated easily, or have obvious tripping risk. 442

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5.6.7 Cells and battery pack 443

For PeTs, its cells and battery pack shall meet the safety requirements for PeTs and shall be 444 able to ensure that PeTs can operate normally under its intended service conditions. The 445 safety of cells and battery pack for PeTs shall comply with IEC 62133-1: 2017 or IEC 62133-2: 446 2017. 447

5.6.8 Charger 448

The safety requirements for charger or power supply of PeTs shall meet the requirements of 449 IEC 60950-1:2013. The charger shall be compatible with the battery system of PeTs, and its 450 compliance shall be determined by review of the specifications of battery system and charger 451 and tests in this standard. 452

The connector equipped in the charger connecting to the charging interface of PeTs for 453 charging shall be designed to misalignment prevention and reverse polarity. 454

The charger used outdoors shall comply with relevant International standards (to be drafted). 455

5.6.9 Motor 456

The motor of PeTs shall meet the requirements of IEC 60034-1:2017 and the motor overload 457 test specified in 10.4.1 and the motor locked-rotor test specified in 10.4.2. 458

5.6.10 Cables and connectors 459

Discharge the fully charged PeTs to the discharge limit specified by the manufacturer at the 460 maximum current allowed by the system at ambient temperature, and monitor the temperature 461 of the cable and connector and make record. Any module of the cable and connector shall 462 meet: the temperature of the cable and connector shall be less than the temperature limit 463 specified by the manufacturer. 464

The exposed cable of PeTs shall withstand a tensile force of 156N which shall be applied and 465 maintained for 1min in the most unfavorable direction. After the test, the internal connector of 466 PeTs shall not be displaced or damaged, and the force direction displacement of the cable 467 under tension shall not exceed 2mm. 468

5.7 Main technical performance requirements 469

5.7.1 Maximum design speed 470

According to the maximum design speed test in 10.3.1, the maximum design speed shall not 471 be greater than 25 km/h. 472

5.7.2 Brake performance 473

When the brake test is carried out according to the procedures specified in 610.3.2, the dry 474 braking distance (S) of the electrical PeT shall meet the formula (1): 475

20.1 0.0143S v v≤ + (1) 476

Where: 477

S — measured dry braking distance of electrical PeT, in meter (m); 478

v — the initial speed at the start of braking, in kilometer per hour (km/h). 479

Note 1 to entry: The parameters in the formula shall be calculated in the specified unit. 480

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 17 – 125/8/NP

5.7.3 Rated mileage 481

According to the rated mileage test stipulated in 10.3.3, the mileage after a full charge shall 482 not be less than the product nominal value. 483

5.8 Appearance requirements 484

The appearance of electrical PeT shall be neat, all parts and components shall be intact, and 485 the connection pieces are firm. Covering parts shall be flat with even clearance and free from 486 obvious dislocation. The surface of plastic parts shall be uniform in color and luster without 487 obvious scratches, flashes and unevenness. The decal shall be flat, smooth, and free of 488 bubbles, warped edges or obvious dislocation. 489

6 Electrical safety 490 491

6.1 Insulation requirements 492

The circuit board and modules of the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply shall have 493 sufficient insulation protective measures, and the internal charging circuit shall be effectively 494 isolated from the accessible conductive parts, and one of the following methods may be 495 selected: 496

a) basic insulation or protective grounding system in case of basic insulation fault; 497

b) double or reinforced insulation; 498

c) combination of a) and b). 499

The electrical clearance, creepage distance and insulation penetration distance of the 500 charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply shall meet the requirements of 2.10, IEC 501 60950-1:2013. 502

For the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply with protective grounding, the protective 503 grounding terminal and the conductive parts in contact with the connecting end shall meet the 504 requirements of 2.6.5.6, IEC 60950-1:2013. 505

6.2 Wiring requirements 506

Check the cables in the following order at ambient temperature: 507

a) the cables shall be well insulated and smooth without sharp edges; 508

b) the cables shall be protected against contacting with burrs, heat sinks or similar sharp 509 edges that may affect insulation. The surface of metal hole through which the cable passes 510 shall be smooth enough or the cables shall be provided with sleeves; 511

c) the cables shall be fixed reliably to prevent from contacting with moving parts and, if 512 necessary, other machinery may be added for fixing. 513

By inspection, the product shall meet a), b) and c). 514

The separable parts of PeTs, which may be removed during normal use or maintenance of 515 equipment, shall not cause excessive pressure on the electrical connection and internal 516 conductor, including the conductor that maintains grounding continuity. 517

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6.3 Safety requirements for short circuit 518

After tested with the method specified in 10.2.3, the PeTs shall not ignite or explode, and the 519 enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage. 520

Note 1 to entry: Where the battery pack of PeTs has passed the short-circuit test and been evaluated based on the 521 characteristics of the PeTs under test, the short-circuit test specified in this standard may not be necessary if there 522 is no difference between the short-circuit test on the complete PeTs and that on battery pack. 523

6.4 Thermal requirements 524

The heating requirements of PeTs shall comply with those specified in 4.5.1, IEC 60950-525 1:2013. 526

The materials suitable for components and PeTs structure shall be selected to ensure that the 527 temperature of PeTs will not exceed its temperature limit when working under normal load. 528 After tested according to the method specified in 10.2.4, the measured temperature limits of 529 materials and components of PeTs shall comply with those specified in 4.5.3, IEC 60950-530 1:2013; and the measured temperature limits of accessible parts in the user-accessible area 531 shall comply with those specified in 4.5.4, IEC 60950-1:2013. In addition, the PeTs shall not 532 ignite or explode, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage during test. 533

6.5 Dielectric strength 534

This requirement is only applicable to charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply or its 535 modules. 536

The charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply shall have sufficient dielectric strength and 537 the test method shall meet those specified in 10.2.5. 538

7 Functional safety 539

The functional safety of PeTs shall comply with appropriate functional safety requirements in 540 one of the following standards as appropriate to the design of the electronic and software 541 protection scheme: 542

– IEC 61508：2010; 543

– IEC 62061: 2015; 544

– ISO 13849：2015. 545

8 Mechanical safety 546

8.1 Enclosure protection class 547

The enclosure protection grade of PeTs shall not be inferior to IP34. 548

8.2 Static strength 549

After static strength test is carried out according to the method specified in 10.5.2, all parts of 550 PeTs shall be free of visible crack or rupture, and the PeTs shall be able to work normally. 551

8.3 Dynamic strength 552

After dynamic strength test is carried out according to the method specified in 10.5.3, all parts 553 of PeTs shall be free of visible crack or rupture, and the PeTs shall be able to work normally. 554

8.4 Strain relief 555

After strain relief test is carried out according to the method specified in 10.5.4, the PeTs 556 under test shall be free of obvious shrinkage deformation. 557

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 19 – 125/8/NP

For the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply, a 100mm-long test piece with a 558

diameter of 2.5mm as specified in IEC 60529：2013 shall be adopted for test, which shall not 559

touch the internal charging circuit section. 560

8.5 Handle strength 561

This requirement is only applicable to the PeTs with handles. 562

The handles of PeTs shall have sufficient strength to ensure safety under actual service 563 conditions. 564

After handle strength test is carried out according to 10.5.5, the handles of PeTs shall not be 565 broken or cracked; the fixing components between handles and PeTs as well as the 566 components of PeTs shall not be broken or cracked. 567

Note 1 to entry: This requirement is not applicable to the handle components that only have auxiliary push function. 568

8.6 Saddle strength 569

This requirement is only applicable to the PeTs with saddles. 570

The saddle of PeTs shall meet the requirements of ISO 4210-9:2014. 571

9 Reliability 572

9.1 Vibration 573

Vibration test is carried out according to 10.6.1. After the test, all parts of PeTs shall be free 574 of visible crack or rupture, and the PeTs shall be able to drive normally. 575

9.2 Drop 576

Drop test is carried out according to 10.6.2. After the test, crack or rupture may exist on the 577 enclosure of PeTs, but the main load-bearing structure of manned part of the vehicle body 578 shall be free of obvious damage and leakage, and shall not ignite or explode. 579



touch the internal charging circuit. 582

9.3 Impact 583

Impact test is carried out according to 10.6.3. After the test, the PeTs shall have normal 584 functions, and not ignite or explode, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage. 585



touch the internal charging circuit. 588

9.4 Temperature shock 589

Temperature shock test is carried out according to 10.6.4. After the test, the PeTs under test 590 shall be able to drive normally, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage. 591

9.5 Partial water immersion 592

Partial water immersion test is carried out according to 10.6.5. The PeTs shall not ignite or 593 explode, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage. 594

125/8/NP – 20 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

9.6 Salt spray resistance 595

The salt spray test shall be carried out in accordance with 10.6.6. After the test, all 596 components and connectors of samples shall not be corroded, and the samples do not lose 597 their normal driving function, and the electrical parts function normally. 598

9.7 Low temperature test 599

9.7.1 Low temperature storage 600

The low temperature storage test shall be carried out in accordance with 10.6.7.1. After the 601 test, samples shall not lose their normal driving function, and the electrical parts shall function 602 normally. 603

9.7.2 Low temperature operation 604

After the low temperature operation test in accordance with 10.6.7.2, samples shall not lose 605 their normal driving function, and the electrical parts shall function normally. 606

9.8 High temperature test 607

9.8.1 High temperature storage 608

The high temperature storage test shall be carried out in accordance with 10.6.8.1. After the 609 test, samples shall not lose their normal driving function, and the electrical parts shall function 610 normally. 611

9.8.2 High temperature and high humidity operation 612

After the high temperature and high humidity operation test in accordance with 10.6.8.2, 613 samples shall not lose their normal driving function or sudden stop, and the electrical parts 614 shall function normally. 615

9.9 Electromagnetic compatibility 616

Electromagnetic disturbance generated by the electrical PeT shall not exceed the level 617 allowed for its intended use, and the radiation of the electrical PeT shall be in accordance 618 with IEC 61000-6-3: 2010. 619

The electrical PeT shall have enough immunity level to the electromagnetic disturbance, so as 620 to ensure that it can run correctly in the expected environment. The immunity of electrical PeT 621 shall comply with IEC 61000-6-1: 2016. 622

10 Test methods 623

10.1 Safety protection function test 624

10.1.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection 625

The test method for energy recovery overcharge protection of PeTs is as follows: 626

a) Speed limit for single battery overvoltage alarm: 627

– for a fully charged PeT, discharge all but one cell to the specified full discharge state, and 628 then discharge the undischarged cells to about 50% of the specified state of charge (SOC), 629 so that an imbalance occurs before charging. Fully charge the PeT with a standard 630 charger; 631

– trigger the PeT to enter normal driving state. Apply a constant charging current of 0.2C to 632 the battery pack output end of the PeTs (the charging current shall be the value after 633 offsetting the output current required for the PeT to maintain operating state) to 634 continuously charge the battery pack so as to simulate the energy recovery of PeT during 635 down hilling or braking; monitor whether the PeT gives safety alarm and starts protective 636

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 21 – 125/8/NP

measures or cuts off power to stop operating before the voltage of single battery selected 637 reaches 1.03 times of the specified upper limited charging voltage. 638

b) Speed limit for battery pack overvoltage alarm: 639

– turn on the fully charged PeT and trigger it to enter normal driving state. Apply a constant 640 charging current of 0.2C to the battery pack output end of the PeT (the charging current 641 shall be the value after offsetting the output current required for the PeTs to maintain 642 operating state) to continuously charge the battery pack so as to simulate the energy 643 recovery of PeT during down hilling or braking; monitor whether safety alarm is given and 644 protective measures are started or the PeT cuts off power to stop operating before the 645 voltage of the battery pack of PeT reaches 1.03 times of the specified upper limited 646 charging voltage; meanwhile, monitor the temperature of battery pack as reference. 647

During test procedures a) and b), observe the PeT to see whether it ignites or explores, and 648 whether there is enclosure rupture or leakage. 649

650

10.1.2 Charging lock 651

Turn on the PeTs not fully charged for three times to ensure that it can start and drive 652 normally. 653

Use a standard charger specified by the manufacturer to charge the PeTs in shutdown state. 654 Turn on the PeTs for three times during charging. If the PeTs cannot be turned on, the test 655 ends; if the PeTs is able to be turned on normally, detect whether it is able to be driven. 656

10.2 Functional requirements test 657

10.2.1 Wireless connection test 658

Power on and off the PeT twice each with a remote control or remote control software, to 659 check whether the complete machine can turn on or off normally. Normally control the PeT, in 660 four directions of front, back, left and right, from a distance of more than 2 meters, to check 661 whether the PeT can be controlled effectively. 662

10.2.2 Automatic shutdown function test 663

Support the PeT in the power on state with a holder, to keep the PeT in a normal standing 664 position, then record the standing shutdown time of the vehicle with a stopwatch. 665

10.2.3 Signal function test 666

The signal function test includes safety alarm, lights and other signal devices. The details are 667 as follows: 668

a) For the PeT with locking function, after turning on, move the PeT in the locking state to 669 check whether there is a safety alarm or related signal; 670

b) Turn on the power and check whether the brake light is on after braking. 671

c) Turn on the light switch and check whether the light is on. 672

10.3 Main technical performance test 673

10.3.1 Maximum design speed test 674

The test conditions for maximum speed test are shown in Clause 4. 675

Perform the maximum design speed test as follows: 676

125/8/NP – 22 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

a) As shown in Figure 1, during the test, the tested electrical PeT accelerates in the 677 auxiliary driving area, maintains the highest speed before reaching the testing area, 678 and passes through the 4 m testing area at the highest speed. During this time, the 679 time t1 of passing through the A-B speed measuring area and the time t2 of passing 680 through the B-C speed measuring area shall be measured. The t1 and t2 shall be in 681 second (s); 682

b) Calculate the speed V1 of passing through A-B section and the speed V2 of passing 683 through B-C section respectively according to formula (2) and (3): 684

11

3.6LVt

= (2) 685

22

3.6LVt

= (3) 686

The difference between V1 and V2 shall not be greater than 5% of the smaller one, and 687 the forward maximum speed test result of passing through the speed measuring area 688 shall be calculated according to formula (4): 689

1 2

2V VV +

= (4) 690

Where: 691

V — the maximum forward speed, in kilometers per hour (km/h); 692

L— the length (2m) of A-B or B-C section of the test area, in meter (m); 693

c) Then, a reverse direction test shall be carried out on the same road section to measure 694

the maximum reverse speed of passing through the speed measuring areaV ′ ; 695

d) Five back-and-forth driving tests shall be continuously carried out, and the highest 696 speed results of two tests (four results in total) shall be taken respectively, and the 697 data shall be kept to one decimal place. The difference between the lowest value and 698 the highest value of the selected four test results shall not be greater than 10% of the 699 lowest value, otherwise, additional test shall be conducted to eliminate the deviation 700 value. 701

The maximum speed test result is the arithmetic mean value of the above four test results, 702 and the data shall be kept to one decimal place. 703

704

Figure 1 – Schematic Diagram of Maximum Speed Test 705

10.3.2 Brake performance test 706

The test conditions of brake performance test are shown in Clause 4. 707

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 23 – 125/8/NP

As shown in Figure 2, brake performance tests shall be carried out in the following steps. The 708 wheels of the electrical PeT shall not be locked during the test, there shall be no deviation in 709 the driving of the PeT and there shall be no abnormal vibration. The tested electrical PeT 710 shall run roughly along the center line of the test area: 711

a) Accelerate the tested electrical PeT in the auxiliary driving area to the 0.9 times 712 maximum speed specified by the manufacturer in the initial speed test area; 713

b) When the PeT moves at a 0.9 times maximum speed to the braking distance test area, 714 the driver shall brake immediately until the electrical PeT stops completely. The 715 measured braking distance is the distance from the initial braking point to the point 716 where the electrical PeT stops completely. 717

c) Five back-and-forth braking tests shall be carried out continuously for a total of 10 718 times. The arithmetic average of the test results shall be the braking distance of the 719 electrical PeT, and the data shall be kept to one decimal place. 720

When there is any of the following circumstance in the test, the test carried out is not 721 valid: 722

– During the brake test, the landing point of any one wheel exceeds the side line of the test 723 lane. 724

– The modified braking distance deviation rate for each back-and-forth test is more than 725 20%. 726

727

Figure 2 – Schematic Diagram of Brake Performance Test 728

10.3.3 Rated mileage test 729

Rated range test conditions are shown in Clause 4. 730

At indoor temperature, the driver shall drive a fully charged electrical PeT at a constant speed 731 of 60% of the maximum speed specified by the manufacturer on the test road. When the 732 power is too low to reach the speed, continue to drive the electrical PeT at the highest speed 733 that it can reach until it no longer continue to drive with low power. Record the accumulated 734 mileage in km from the start to the stop of the PeT. 735

10.4 Electrical safety test 736

10.4.1 Motor overload test 737

Motor overload test is used to evaluate the safety performance of motor under overload 738 conditions. 739

Installing the motor in a PeTs for testing shall be at the first consideration, and the 740 temperature of motor winding is monitored simultaneously. For test purpose, the motor may 741 be tested separately, but its heat dissipation conditions cannot be superior to those for 742 installing on the PeTs. 743

125/8/NP – 24 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

The motor first operates under the maximum normal load conditions, then the load is 744 increased to ensure proper increasing of current while the power supply voltage of motor 745 remains at its original value. Increase the load again when the temperature keeps stable. 746 Thus, the load is gradually increased in an appropriate way until the overload protector acts 747 or the motor winding becomes open-circuit. 748

Determine the temperature of motor winding in each steady-state period and record the 749 maximum temperature value which shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 1. 750

Table 1 – Temperature limits of motor winding in overload test 751

Temperature grade Grade A (105) Grade E (120) Grade B (130) Grade F (155) Grade H (180)

Temperature limit ℃ 140 155 165 190 215

10.4.2 Motor locked-rotor test 752

Motor locked-rotor test is used to evaluate the safety performance of motor under locked-rotor 753 conditions. 754

The motor is subjected to locked-rotor for 7h under the service voltage of PeTs or the motor 755 temperature reaches a steady state, the larger one is taken. The motor is installed in a PeTs 756 for testing, and the temperature of motor winding is monitored simultaneously. The motor may 757 be tested separately from the PeTs, but its heat dissipation conditions cannot be superior to 758 those for installing on the PeTs. 759

The maximum temperature of motor winding shall be recorded and shall not exceed the limits 760 specified in Table 2. 761

Table 2 – Temperature limits of motor winding in locked-rotor test 762

Motor protection category

Limiting temperature

℃

105 (Grade A)

120 (Grade E)

130 (Grade B)

155 (Grade F)

180 (Grade H)

a) Motors with a test working time of 30s or 5min or controlled by a timer and watched by a person during service

200 215 225 240 260

b) Impedance protection motor 150 165 175 190 210

c) Motors with protector acts in the first 1h 200 215 225 240 260

d) Motors with protector acts after the first 1h 175 190 200 215 235

10.4.3 Short-circuit test 763

As for a fully charged PeT, the positive and negative poles of the charging port of the PeT or 764 the input port of built-in battery pack of the built-in power charging PeTs shall be short-765 circuited with a resistance of not greater than 20mΩ, and shall be short-circuited under any 766 single fault condition of any protective device in the relevant battery protection circuit (refer to 767 Annex A for analysis and determination of a single fault). The temperature of the PeT under 768 test shall be monitored in real time during the test. 769

Same as the procedure, short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the discharging port of 770 the PeT or the output port of built-in battery pack of the built-in power charging PeT. 771

The PeTs shall maintain short circuit state until its temperature drops to ambient temperature 772 or a fire or explosion occurs. 773

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 25 – 125/8/NP

After the test, turn it on for three times to check whether it can be turned on and driven 774 normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle according to the 775 parameters specified by the manufacturer and observed for 1h. 776

10.4.4 Thermal test 777

In this test, the temperature of the battery, motor and other parts and components of PeTs 778 and the temperature of surfaces accessible to the user shall always be monitored. Test 779 according to the following steps: 780

a) At ambient temperature, charge the fully discharged PeTs with the standard charger at 781 the maximum charging parameter specified by the manufacturer, until the voltage and 782 current monitored on the battery reach the fully charged state specified by the 783 manufacturer; 784

b) Discharge the fully charged PeTs under the maximum load conditions specified by the 785 manufacturer, monitor the voltage and current of the battery until the PeTs reaches the 786 specified discharge cut-off voltage; 787

c) Repeat Steps a) and b) until 2 complete charge-discharge cycles are completed. 788

During the charge-discharge cycle, it shall be ensured that the voltage, current and measured 789 temperature of the PeTs do not exceed the parameter limits specified by the manufacturer. 790

10.4.5 Dielectric strength test 791

10.4.5.1 Pretreatment 792

During the moisture-proof treatment, the sample shall be placed in a damp-heat cabinet with a 793 temperature of (40±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (93±3)% for 120h. During the moisture-heat 794 treatment, the sample shall not be energized and powered on. 795

The sample shall be placed in an environment of t℃~(t+4)℃ for at least 4h before the 796 moisture-heat treatment. Wherein, t is a suitable temperature between 20℃~30℃ where 797 condensation will not occur. 798

The test in 10.4.5.2 is carried out immediately after the moisture-proof treatment. 799

10.4.5.2 Test procedure 800

This test shall be carried out after pretreatment. 801

This test procedure shall meet the requirements of 5.2.2, IEC 60950-1: 2013. Wherein, the 802 peak operating voltage is the maximum charging voltage of the PeTs. 803

10.5 Mechanical safety test 804

10.5.1 Enclosure protection class test 805

Test method for the enclosure protection class of PeTs shall meet the requirements of IEC 806 60529: 2013. 807

10.5.2 Static strength test 808

For a seatless PeT at ambient temperature, a static load that is three times the upper weight 809 limit specified by the manufacturer is applied to the center point of the footrest by a 810 supporting member (wooden block, etc.) with a cross-sectional dimension of 102mm×254mm. 811 The load is gradually applied within 5s and maintained for 5s. 812

If the footrest is composed two or more pieces or multiple parts, the applied load shall be 813 evenly distributed at the center of each piece or each part as described above. 814

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For an PeTs with seat, a static load that is three times the upper weight limit specified by the 815 manufacturer shall be applied at the center point of the seat surface in the same way. 816

10.5.3 Dynamic strength test 817

10.5.3.1 Pretreatment 818

Before test, the PeTs under test should be placed in an environment with a temperature of 819 (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% or a temperature of (20±2)℃ and a relative 820 humidity of (65±5)%. 821

If load-bearing structural parts (except decorative parts), such as footrest or stand, are made 822 of plastic material, the sample shall be at least placed for 6h at a temperature of (-5±1)℃ or 823 the minimum operating temperature stated by the manufacturer, which is lower. 824

10.5.3.2 Test procedure 825

After sample pretreatment, the test shall be started within 1min and completed within 5min. 826

The maximum load specified by the manufacturer is applied by a supporting member (wooden 827 block, etc.) with a cross-sectional dimension of 102mm×254mm at the center of footrest of the 828 turned-on PeTs. 829

The PeTs drops vertically from a height, at which the bottom end of its tire is 300mm above 830 the ground, for 3 times. The load applied to the footrest shall always be maintained when 831 dropping. 832

10.5.4 Strain relief test 833

This test is used to evaluate the shrinkage or deformation caused by the internal stress 834 released by the thermoplastic non-metal enclosure during mould pressing or injection molding, 835 which will further result in exposure of hazardous parts or reduction of electric clearance. 836

Test shall be carried out according to the following steps: 837

a) Place the fully discharged PeTs in an convective circulating oven, of which, the 838 temperature is set to a constant temperature of 70℃, and maintained for 7h; 839

b) Take out the PeTs under test from the oven and cool it to ambient temperature. 840

10.5.5 Handle strength test 841

This test is only applicable to PeTs with handles. 842

During test, tension is applied to the center (75mm in width) of the handle end of the PeTs; 843 the tension is increased from 0 to F within 5~10s and maintained for 1min. 844

If a PeTs has multiple handles, tension may be allocated evenly to these handles for test. 845 However, for PeTs with weight less than 25kg, if the user is able to lift the whole PeTs with 846 only one handle, each handle shall withstand the tension of F. 847

Wherein, 848

a) When the handle is for carrying, the tension F shall be equal to 4 times the total weight 849 of the PeTs (including the detachable strap), and the application direction is vertically 850 upward; 851

b) When the handle is for handling, the tension F shall be equal to 300N, and the 852 application direction is the four horizontal directions (front, rear, left and right) of the 853 handle end, and each direction is tested once. When the handle is for both handling 854 and carrying, the tension F shall be equal to 4 times the total weight of the PeTs 855 (including the detachable strap). 856

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 27 – 125/8/NP

Note 1 to entry: This test is not applicable to handle components with auxiliary pushing function only. 857

10.5.6 Saddle strength test 858

Test method for saddle of PeTs shall meet the requirements of ISO 4210-9: 2014. 859

10.6 Reliability test 860

10.6.1 Vibration test 861

10.6.1.1 Sinusoidal vibration 862

Under the test conditions of 4.3 and 4.4, fix the PeTs in the posture of transportation (folding 863 mechanism is in the folded state) under test on the vibration test platform, and carry out 864 sinusoidal vibration test according to the test parameters of Table 3, so that the PeTs under 865 test is subjected to vibration along three vertical axes in the space. Unless otherwise 866 specified by the manufacturer, the test starts from the Z axis, then the Y axis, and finally the X 867 axis; the Z axis is the axis perpendicular to the horizontal ground when the PeTs is in normal 868 driving posture, the Y axis is the axial direction along the PeTs wheel on the horizontal plane, 869 and the X axis is the axial direction perpendicular to the wheel on the horizontal plane. 870

Table 3 – Sinusoidal vibration test parameters 871

Frequency range

Hz

Acceleration (gn)/amplitude

mm

Continuous logarithmic cycle

(7Hz~200Hz~7Hz)

7

18

25

18

25

200

1gn

0.8mm

2gn 15min

Back to 7Hz and repeat cycle

Repeat 12 cycles on X, Y and Z axes

10.6.1.2 Random vibration 872

Under the test conditions of 4.3 and 4.4, fix the PeTs in the normal driving posture (folding 873 mechanism is in the open and locked state) on the test platform, and carry out the vibration 874 test in three directions. The test parameters are given in Tables 4~7. Unless otherwise 875 specified by the manufacturer, the test starts from the Z axis, then the Y axis, and finally the X 876 axis; the Z axis is the axis perpendicular to the horizontal ground when the PeTs is in the 877 normal driving posture, the Y axis is the axial direction along the PeTs wheel on the horizontal 878 plane, and the X axis is the axial direction perpendicular to the wheel on the horizontal plane. 879

The test duration in each direction is 21h. If two identical test samples are adopted for test, 880 the test duration may be reduced to 15h; if three identical test samples are adopted for test, 881 the test duration may be reduced to 12h. 882

After test, one charge-discharge cycle shall be carried for the PeTs under test. 883

Table 4 – PSD value on X axis 884

Frequency

Hz

Power spectrum density (PSD)

gn2/Hz


(m/s2)2/Hz

5 0.0125 1.20

10 0.03 2.89

20 0.03 2.89

125/8/NP – 28 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

200 0.00025 0.02

r.m.s 0.96gn 9.42m/s2

Table 5 – PSD value on Y axis 885

Frequency

Hz


gn2/Hz


(m/s2)2/Hz

5 0.04 3.85

20 0.04 3.85

200 0.0008 0.08

r.m.s 1.23gn 12.07m/s2

Table 6 – PSD value on Y axis (the battery pack is located below the footrest) 886

Frequency

Hz


gn2/Hz


(m/s2)2/Hz

5 0.01 0.96

10 0.015 1.44

20 0.015 1.44

50 0.01 0.96

200 0.0004 0.04

r.m.s 0.95gn 9.32m/s2

Table 7 – PSD value on Z axis 887

Frequency

Hz


gn2/Hz


(m/s2)2/Hz

5 0.05 4.81

10 0.06 5.77

20 0.06 5.77

200 0.0008 0.08

r.m.s 1.44gn 14.13m/s2

10.6.2 Drop test 888

Drop the fully charged PeTs at a height where the wheel is (h±0.01)m from the test surface on 889 a concrete test surface or other test surfaces with similar hardness, and repeatedly drop for 890 three times in the same direction. 891

The drop direction shall be the most representative direction when the user holds or lifts the 892 PeTs. The test surface thickness is no less than 76mm, and the surface area shall be large 893 enough to accommodate the dropped PeTs sample. 894

Wherein, the value of drop height h is shown in Table 8. 895

Table 8 – Values of drop height h 896

Weight of a complete PET (including the battery pack) M Drop height h

M≤18kg 1m

18kg<M≤40kg 0.8m

M>40kg 0.5m

If the main load-bearing structure or protective enclosure of the manned part of the PeTs body 897 is made of plastic material, the PeTs under test shall be placed at -10℃ (or the minimum 898

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 29 – 125/8/NP

operating temperature specified by the manufacturer, which is lower) for at least 4h before 899 drop test. The drop test shall be carried out within 5min after the sample is taken out from the 900 cold environment. 901

After the test, turn it on for three times to check whether it can be turned on and driven 902 normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle according to the 903 parameters specified by the manufacturer. 904

10.6.3 Impact test 905

The fully charged PeTs sample, which is in normal driving state, is fixed to the test device 906 with a rigid bracket, which supports all mounting faces of the test sample. 907

The impact test shall be carried out according to the parameters of Table 9 or the conditions 908 stated by the manufacturer and the evaluation requirements of the PeTs. All the six faces of 909 the PeTs shall be tested, and each face shall be tested for 3 times. 910


Table 9 – Impact test parameters 914

Weight of a complete PeTs (including the

battery pack) M Pulse waveform Acceleration Duration Impact times

M≤12kg Half sine wave 50gn 11ms 3 times for each face

12kg<M≤40kg Half sine wave 25gn 15ms 3 times for each face

M>40kg Half sine wave 10gn 20ms 3 times for each face

10.6.4 Temperature shock test 915

The PeTs under test shall meet the conditions specified in 4.4. Before the test, the PeTs 916 under test shall be subjected to visual inspection and function inspection to ensure that it is 917 intact and can be turned on and drive normally. Temperature shock test shall be carried out 918 according to the requirements of IEC 60068-2-14. 919

For the test, the low temperature TA is (-20±2)℃ and the high temperature TB is (60±2)℃; the 920 exposure duration at both temperatures is no less than 6h; the number of test cycles is 5. 921

After the test is completed and restored, the PeTs under test is visually inspected; if there is 922 no enclosure rupture, leakage, etc., turn it on for three times to check whether it can be 923 turned on and driven normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle 924 according to the parameters specified by the manufacturer. 925

10.6.5 Partial water immersion test 926

Turn on the fully charged PeTs and immerse it in 5% (mass %) NaCl aqueous solution at 927 ambient temperature. The water level and the immersion posture of PeTs shall ensure that 928 the battery pack of PeTs under test is fully immersed in water. The vehicle is immersed for 929 5min. 930

Then take out the PeTs under test and keep it still at ambient temperature for 72h. During the 931 test, pay attention to observe whether abnormal phenomena such as fire, explosion, 932 enclosure rupture or leakage occur to the PeTs. 933

125/8/NP – 30 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019


10.6.6 Salt spray test 937

The salt spray test shall comply with IEC 60068-2-11: 1981, but the corrosion resistance of 938 the components apparently unrelated to safety may be ignored. The test period is 48 h. The 939 electrical PeT shall be tested in the shutdown state, and the sample shall not be removed in 940 the course of the test. 941

10.6.7 Low temperature test 942

10.6.7.1 Low temperature storage 943

According to IEC 60068-2-1: 2007, put the tested sample which is in the shutdown state into 944 the temperature test chamber, reduce the temperature to (-20 ± 2) °C at a rate of 1°C/min and 945 then maintain for 72 h. After rising to the indoor temperature at the same rate, take out the 946 sample to recover at indoor temperature, and the recovery time shall be sufficient to stabilize 947 the sample temperature for at least 1 hour. Check whether the tested sample can work 948 normally after recovery. 949

10.6.7.2 Low temperature operation 950

Perform low temperature operation test as follows: 951

a) Put the PeT into the temperature test chamber according to IEC 60068-2-1: 2007, and 952 make the PeT start up and run normally. Reduce the temperature at a rate of 1°C/min 953 in the test chamber from indoor temperature to (-10 ± 2) °C or to the lowest running 954 temperature of the PeT as specified by the manufacturer (the lower temperature shall 955 prevail); 956

b) Keep the tested PeT running continuously until its low-power safety alarm, and then 957 raise the temperature of the test chamber to the indoor temperature at a temperature 958 rise rate of 1°C/min; 959

c) Fully charge the tested PeT according to the charging conditions specified by the 960 manufacturer; 961

d) Repeat steps a) and b) for one time; 962

e) Take out the sample to recover at indoor temperature. The recovery time shall be 963 enough to keep the sample temperature stable for at least 1 hour. Check whether the 964 tested sample can work normally after recovery. 965

During the test, the vehicle wheel shall not stop due to a sudden failure of the power before 966 the low-power safety alarms. 967

10.6.8 High temperature test 968

10.6.8.1 High temperature storage 969

According to IEC 60068-2-2: 2007, put the tested sample which is in the shutdown state into 970 the temperature test chamber, raise the temperature to (60 ± 2) °C at a rate of 1°C/min and 971 then maintain for 72 h. After reducing to the indoor temperature at the same rate, take out the 972 sample to recover at indoor temperature, and the recovery time shall be sufficient to stabilize 973 the temperature for at least 1 hour. Check whether the tested sample can work normally after 974 recovery. 975

10.6.8.2 High temperature and high humidity operation 976

Perform high temperature operation test as follows: 977

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 31 – 125/8/NP

a) Put the PeT into the temperature test chamber according to IEC 60068-2-2: 2007, and 978 make the PeT start up and run normally. Set the relative humidity of the test chamber 979 at (93 ± 3)%, and raise the temperature at a rate of 1℃/min from the indoor 980 temperature to (40 ± 2)°C or to the maximum running temperature of the PeT specified 981 by the manufacturer (the higher temperature shall prevail); 982

b) Keep the tested PeT running continuously until its low-power safety alarm, and then 983 reduce the temperature of the test chamber to the indoor temperature at a temperature 984 change rate of 1°C/min; 985

c) Fully charge the tested PeT according to the charging conditions specified by the 986 manufacturer; 987

d) Repeat steps a) and b) for one time; 988

e) Take out the sample to recover at indoor temperature of (25 ± 5) °C, and the recovery 989 time shall be sufficient to keep the sample temperature stable for at least 1 h. Check 990 whether the tested sample can work normally after recovery. 991

During the test, the vehicle wheel shall not stop due to a sudden failure of the power before 992 the low-power safety alarms. 993

11 Marking and instruction 994

11.1 General 995

The marking and description include the correct safety use and maintenance information for 996 the PeTs. The above information shall not only be referred by the user for the normal use and 997 maintenance, but also be referred by the maintenance personnel. The safety of use, 998 maintenance and repair, especially the safety use instructions for replaceable battery packs 999 and optional accessories, shall be taken into full consideration for the above information. 1000 Marks, symbols and written warnings, especially the contents regarding the function and 1001 safety of PeTs, must be clear and easy to understand. The easy-to-understand symbols 1002 (pictograms) take precedence over written warnings. 1003

11.2 Product nameplate 1004

11.2.1 Nameplate information 1005

The nameplate of PeTs shall contain the necessary user instructions and its specifications: 1006

– product name and model; 1007

– name or trademark and address of the manufacturer; 1008

– rated capacity and voltage of battery; 1009

– input voltage; 1010

– maximum loading capacity: 1011

– maximum speed; 1012

Among which, rated capacity and voltage of battery, name or trademark and address of the 1013 manufacturer are allowed to be indicated on external packaging or in operating instructions. 1014 Other labeling instructions shall be marked on the obvious position of PeTs accessible to the 1015 users. 1016

11.2.2 Durability 1017

The nameplate of the PeTs shall be durable and legible. 1018

Conformity is inspected by observing and performing the following tests: 1019

Wipe the nameplate for 15s with a cloth immersed in water, then wipe for 15s with a cloth 1020 soaked in gasoline. The nameplate labeling shall still be clear after the test, no damage or 1021 curling shall occur, and it shall not be easily removed from the sticking surface by hand. 1022

125/8/NP – 32 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

Note 1 to entry: This test is not carried out on the nameplate label printed, casted, pressed or engraved. 1023

Note 2 to entry: It is recommended that the gasoline used is solvent ethane with a maximum aromatic content 1024 volume ratio of 0.1%, a kauri butanol number of 29, an initial boiling point of about 65℃, a dry point of about 69℃, 1025 and a density of 0.66g/cm3. 1026

11.3 Safety and warning signs 1027

The PeTs body and the external of charger and battery pack shall be provided with necessary 1028 safety and warning signs to inform the user of safety use. Safety and warning signs for 1029 precautions when using, operating, maintaining and disassembling PeTs shall be provided if 1030 necessary. 1031

Safety and warning signs include but are not limited to: 1032

– the PeTs shall be marked with “applicable to XX charger only” and other similar warning 1033 instructions at the eye-catching position; 1034

– the charger nameplate shall be marked with “only for XX PeTs use” and other similar 1035 warning instructions; the charger used outdoors shall have the nameplate indicating the 1036 outdoor use conditions; 1037

– the charger of PeTs shall have an interface mark and instructions; 1038

– the users must read the warning messages or icons in the instructions before use; 1039

– the battery pack warning sign shall comply with the requirements of relevant standard for 1040 battery products; 1041

– other appropriate safety warning instructions. 1042

11.4 Instructions 1043

The instructions of PeTs shall contain relevant descriptions and use instructions for the 1044 necessary use, operation, maintenance and disassembly of the PeTs, which include but not 1045 limited to: 1046

– the dimension and weight, as well as the load or load capacity limits of PeTs; 1047

– enclosure protection class of PeTs; 1048

– ambient temperature limits and conditions (such as outdoor or indoor charging) for work, 1049 storage and charging of PeTs; 1050

– the charging method of PeTs; 1051

– the storage, operation and recycling methods of PeTs; 1052

– the requirements and methods for closing or switching the PeTs to a certain mode of 1053 operation; 1054

– a detailed description for the operating environment and usage restrictions of PeTs, 1055 including but not limited to environmental conditions, pavement conditions, such as the 1056 gradient, speed, effective load of the pavement; 1057

– a description for the operating environment and potential risks that may result in a 1058 hazardous situation when using and driving. Appropriate training information shall be 1059 provided to avoid abnormal and unexpected operations, such as sudden turn, acceleration 1060 or deceleration; 1061

– restrictive condition information such as user age and physical condition; 1062

– the steps for users to get on/off the PeTs and user notes; 1063

– instructions on the protective measures such as helmets, knee pads, elbow pads and 1064 other protective gears for users; 1065

– such risks as fire or electric shock, and the instruction that user is prohibited from 1066 disassembling and maintaining the vehicle; 1067

– other appropriate safety warnings. 1068

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 33 – 125/8/NP

1069

125/8/NP – 34 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019

Annex A 1070

(normative) 1071

1072

Protective circuit and safety analysis 1073

The battery system protective circuit of the PeTs should be able to maintain the battery 1074 working within its normal charging and discharging working range within the entire life cycle of 1075 PeTs. If it exceeds the normal operating limit of battery, the protective circuit can limit or close 1076 the charge and discharge process to prevent exceeding the normal operating limits. The 1077 compliance can be verified by checking the battery specifications and safety analysis and test 1078 of this standard. Safety analysis, if necessary, may be carried out as follows: 1079

a) The electrical system of PeTs is subjected to potential hazard analysis (including 1080 FMEA) to analyze whether possible hazards (e.g., fire, explosion, etc.) are identified or 1081 avoided by design or other means. The safety analysis method may comply with the 1082 requirements of IEC 60812: 2018; 1083

b) The analysis in a) identifies potential faults in the system that may cause hazardous 1084 conditions such as fire, explosion, etc., and lists the type and class of protection the 1085 system provides to prevent such faults. Single fault condition of protective components 1086 in protective circuit/system should be considered in the analysis; 1087

c) In the analysis in a), critical safety (namely the safety protection for hazardous 1088 situations such as fire, explosion, etc. after fault) should not rely on active protective 1089 devices for protection, unless one of the following conditions is met: 1090

i) in addition to the active protective device, there is a redundant passive protective 1091 device; 1092

ii) in addition to the active protective device, there is a redundant one. When the first 1093 level active protective device is powered off or fails, the redundant active 1094 protective device can also provide protection normally; 1095

d) when the circuit is powered off or the active protective device fails, the entire circuit is 1096 safe. 1097

e) Devices that affect critical safety in c) should pass specific functional tests, which may 1098 be carried out by reference to the appropriate standard for functional safety unless 1099 they are evaluated in other tests in this standard. 1100

IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 35 – 125/8/NP

Bibliography 1101

ISO 13482-2014, Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements for personal care robots 1102

ISO 12405-1:2011, Electrically propelled road vehicles - Test specification for lithium-ion 1103 traction battery packs and systems - Part 1: High-power applications 1104

ANSI/CAN/UL-2272, Electrical Systems for Personal E-Mobility Devices 1105

UL 991, Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing Solid-State Devices 1106

UL 199, Software in Programmable Components 1107

ASTM F2641-08(2015), Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Recreational Powered 1108 Scooters and Pocket Bikes 1109

IEC 60812:2018, Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA) 1110

IEC 61025:2006, Fault tree analysis (FTA) 1111

IEC 60730-1:2015, Automatic electrical controls - Part 1: General requirements 1112

ISO 7176-8:2014, Wheelchairs -- Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact 1113 and fatigue strengths 1114

ISO 7176-14:2008, Wheelchairs -- Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically 1115 powered wheelchairs and scooters -- Requirements and test methods 1116

IEC 61508-1:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-1117 related systems - Part 1: General requirements 1118

IEC 62133-1:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 1119 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made 1120 from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems 1121

IEC 62133-2:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 1122 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary lithium cells, and for 1123 batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 2: Lithium systems 1124

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