identify safety and hazard in the agriscience laboratories

Identify safety and hazard in the

Agriscience laboratories

Explain the meaning of Safety• Safety – preventing loss or injury A. Injury and loss may be inflicted on people or their property

1. People can suffer cuts and other wounds 2. Injury to eyes and hearing 3. Loss append-ages or death

4. Animals, crop, machinery, and other property can be injured or destroyed by accidents.

5. Safety should also consider protecting the environment from: a. spill of toxic materials b. release of smoke

Explain the meaning of Safety

B. Precautions can be taken to make an environment safer. 1. Accident- is an event that occurs unintentionally. People do not know that an accidents is going to happen.

Where can an accident happen?


2. Hazard- is a danger where risk is present.

Some hazards are more hazardous than others

Examples: using a computer is less hazardous than operating a motor vehicle


3. Risk- is the chance that an accident will occur.

Risk can be reduced by taking the proper precautions.

How?


4. Carelessness- is failing to pay attention to hazards and taking unnecessary risk.

Many people know what is safe but fail to go about their work and activities in a careful manner.


C. Safety is important for a number of reasons. 1. People are protected

2. Animals are protected

3. Property is protected.


4. Medical expenses are avoided

5. Equipment is protected

6. Buildings last longer


List hazards found in Agriscience laboratories

1. Using power tools and equipment

2. Using living organism

3. Using chemicals, fertilizer, and other materials

4. Using electricity

5. Constructing project, carrying out experiments and handling animals

6. Using water

7. Exposure to the sun


Use chemicals safely A. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)- are sheets sent with all

shipments of chemicals and are available from chemical suppliers or via the Internet.

B. MSDS provide information on the safe use of the particular chemical.

C. You should always understand the chemical that is being used.


Follow basic rules:1. Know the materials

2. Never touch or taste the substance

3. Avoid in-haling fumes

4. Conduct experiments in ventilated areas

5. Store and label chemicals properly


Identify and properly use personal protection equipment (PPE)

Personal protective equipment (PPE)- Devices worn or used to protect from injury. 1. Eye protection A. Goggles – lens and rims that prevent solid object, liquids and other materials from getting into the eyes.

B. Safety glasses – specially designed spectacles that prevent flying objects from getting into the eyes.

C. Face Shields- break-resistant see-through plastic material that covers the entire face

2. Hearing protection

A. Ear plugs- are small foam rubber that fit into the ear canal to reduce the passage of sound waves into the ear.

B. Ear muffs- are sound absorptive devices that cover the entire outer ear prevent the passage of sound waves into the ear.


3. Skin and body- protection is needed to prevent injury to the skin, bones, and other body tissues and organs.

A. Gloves- worn on hands to protect from solutions, cuts and abrasions

B. Boots/ shoes- may be needed depending on the hazard in the laboratory


C. Hats- used to protect from falling objects and other harzards and reduce contamination of food products with hair.

D. Aprons and special clothing are needed in some situations, such as a chemical laboratory.


Respiratory-needed in places where dust, liquid droplets, gases and other materials may be in the air.

A. Particle masks- should be clean and fit properly over the nose and mouth

B. Respirator- needed in areas where smoke, fumes, and other air-borne materials are being released.


Electricity Safety

Electricity- is the flow of electron

A. shock or electrocution can occur if an individual serves as the conduit for the flow of electrons

B. moisture increase the rate of flow

Safety:1. Use ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) on circuits

2. Install all wiring and devices properly

3. Use UL approved materials

Electricity Safety

4. Be sure switches are off when installing electrical devices

5. Avoid water when using electricity

6. Avoid extension cord

Electricity Safety

1. Learn how to be safe

2. Think safety; anticipate and avoid dangers

3. Wash hand after working in the lab

4. Properly wear PPE

Safety Rules In The Agriscience Lab

5. Read and follow instructions

6. Keep equipment and facilities in good condition

7. Use GFCI

8. Use life vest and throwable tethered buoys


9. Never take unnecessary risk

10. No eating or drinking in the lab

11. No horseplay in the lab

12. Keep facilities clean and free of debris


13. Alert other people to safety

14. Have a telephone and post emergency numbers


Identify the three conditions necessary for combustion.

To produce fire, 3 components must be present at the same time. They are known as the Fire Triangle.

1. Fuel- is any combustible material that will burn. A. common fuels are gasoline, diesel, wood paper and propane

B. most materials will burn if they are made hot eough in the present of oxygen.

2. Heat- simply refers to a type of energy that causes the temperature to rise.

Example: If the room temperature changes from 50 degrees to 70 degrees, it is done by using heat.


3. Oxygen- is a gas in the atmosphere. It is not a fuel, but must be present for fuels to burn.

Oxygen is nearly always present except in airtight conditions.

This fact is important to remember in fire safety and control.


Explain how to prevent fires in agricultural mechanics.

1. Proper storage of material decreases the chance of fire.

2. Clean work areas also decrease the chance of a fire.

3. If any one of the three components of the fire triangle is eliminated , fire will be prevented from starting or it will be stop if it has started.

The basic steps in fire prevention and control are:

1. Store fuels in approved containers.

2. Store fuels away from other materials that burn easly.

3. Store materials in area that are cooler than their combustion temperature


4. Use fire only in safe surroundings.

5. Put out fires by removing one or more elements in the fire triangle.


Identify the different classes of fires and the different types of fire

extinguishers The fires classes are:

1. Class A- Ordinary Combustibles wood ,papers, and trash

Class A combustion do not include any item in the presence of electricity or any type of liquid.

2. Class B- Flammable Liquid

Include fuels, greases, paints and other liquid as long as they are not in the presence of electricity.


extinguishers

3. Class C – Electrical Equipment

Class C fires involve the presence of electricity


extinguishers

Class D- Combustible Metals

1. Are metals that burn.

2. Burn metal are very difficult to extinguish.

3. Only class D extinguisher will work on burning metals


extinguishers

The common types of extinguishers are:

1. Water with pump or gas pressure used for Class A fires.

2. Carbon dioxide gas used for Class B and C fires.

3. Dry chemical used for Class A, B, and C fires.


extinguishers

Describe the proper use of fire extinguishers.

The basic steps are as follow:1. Hold the extinguisher upright and pull blocking pin.

2. Move within 6 to 10 feet of the fire.

3. Aim the nozzle of the extinguisher toward the base of the fire.

• 4. squeeze lever and discharge contents using a side to side sweeping motion.

• 5. have extinguishers serviced after each use.


1. A monthly inspection of all fire extinguishers should be made to ensure that the extinguishers are usable in case of an emergency.

2. Have extinguishers inspected and service annually by a qualified service technician.


Describe the different types of burns that can occur in agricultural

mechanics.The three classification of burns:

1. First degree burns-occur when the surface of skin is reddish in color, tender and painful and do not involve any broken skin. A. Treated by running cold water or cold compress B. Cover with non-fluffy sterile or clean bandages C. Do not apply butter or grease

2. Second degree burns- surface of skin is severely damaged, resulting in the formation of blisters and possible breaks in skin.

A. treat by place under cold water or apply cold compress until pain diseases B. Cover with dried area with bandage to prevent infection C. Seek medical attention D. do not apply ointments spray antiseptics or home remedies


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3. Third degree burn-surface of skin and possibly the tissue below the skin appear white or churred.

A. Little pain is present because nerve ending have being destroyed.

B. Do not remove ant clothes that are stuck to the burn

C. Do not put ice water or ice on the burns


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D. Do not apply ointments, spray, antiseptics, or home remedies.

E. Place Cold clothes or cool (not ice) water on burns.

F. Cover burned area with thick, sterile dressings.

G. Call for an ambulance immediately


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identify safety and hazard in the agriscience laboratories

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