ESMA Power Audit Summary Idea Delhi/ NCR/ Andhra Pradesh

#To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#1ContentsOperational SpecificationsOperational Specification ImplicationsAudit Summary & Findings Failure Data Analysis Final Recommendations.To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Operational Specifications : ESMA module has built-in protection for low and high operating line-voltages, as below

Input VDCFEPD Unit StatusLEDOutputs=< 31.0 Not OperationalOffOff31.5 38.0Transitional Shutdown & StartupRedON38.5 40.0Operational transition rangeGreenON40.5 57.0Rated operationGreenON57.5 59.5Operational transition rangeGreenON60.0 61.5Transitional Shutdown & StartupRedON=>62.0 **Not Operational OffOff

To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Short spikes upto 70V it will not shut down.Operation Specification : Low temperature -40deg C / -40deg F High temperature with guaranteed performance -50deg C / -122deg F High ambient temperature limited (temporarily) -55deg C / -131deg F maximum of 24 hours continuously, or 8 hours in consecutive days up to a total of 360 hours/yearMaximum permissible limits for humidity ~95% Heat and moisture may cause damage Protect the BTS from direct rain, splash water, dust & high humidity combined with air pollutionBack air intake & Front exhaust Cables be routed on the module sides to prevent the obstruction of airflow from the BTS VoltageTemperatureEnvironmentalVentilation Nominal System Voltage 48 V dcInput operating voltage 40.5 to 57 V dc Leakage current should be less than 7.78 mA

To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Operational Specifications : DC input Voltage Vs Site Alarms.

To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Short spikes upto 70V it will not shut down.Operational Specifications Implications : Higher voltages outside specified range (voltages surges / transients) can cause damage due to exceeding component ratings .

The ESMA though has been tested to withstand the usual IEC defined surges and transients standards: Tested for 1kV line-ground and 500V line-line, with 8/20us peak :- Poor site grounding and earthing can reduce the effectiveness of ESMA internal protection. Cables which are not earthed or screened properly can be a source of transients, effectively bypassing the in built protection.

There are higher chances that repeated overvoltage peaks (60V 63V) could be causing damage over time.

Grounding looping is dangerous , it create leakage of neighbors to affect equipment modules.

The ESMA should not be damaged by operating voltages within the range stated above.

The burn position represents the weakest point and the first component to be damaged when an low voltage / over-voltage/surge condition occurs.

Missing IP seal or cracks may cause issue at longer run

Mandatory usage of ESD wrist band required at site.

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Basic Cooling The recommended constant ambient temperature for modules installed inside the cabinet must be -40 C to +50 C (-40 F to +122 F). Ambient temperature is allowed to exceed +50 C (+122 F) up to +55 C (+131 F), for a maximum of 24 hours continuously, or eight hours in consecutive days up to a total of 360 hours per year.

Cooling requirements for Flexi BTS modules In the rear side of the cabinet, the minimum distance between the Flexi BTS cooling fans to any obstacle is 90 mm (measured from the fan plate) The air volume flow requirement for one Flexi BTS module is 200 m3/h. The pressure drop caused by the rear side wall and front door (wall) for one module fan can at the maximum be 51 Pa (including the combined pressure drop for both walls) with an air volume flow of 200 m3/h.

All modules must receive cool ambient air, The circulation from the front of the module to the rear side of the module must be prevented. There must be a long enough distance to the wall (or any other obstacle) in the rear side of the cabinet, so that the required airflow rate (200 m3/h) is reached in all modules used.Temperature Requirement : ESMATo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Monthly Return Trends and Repair analysis reviewRepair Analysis

Fault code 36, i.e. component failures is the top cause followed by returns those could not be repaired. We analyzed the top 2 causes forming 93.3% of total failures6 monthly rolling average monthly return rates above design goal. Excluding only the fault code 40, returns hovering around the goal Part Name as Per SAP: ESMA EDGE SYSTEM MODULENetwork Element: BTSPart Code as Per SAP: 470246ABL: RA-GSM/EDGE BSS To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Deep dive of repair analysisThese failures can happen due to:Power-line surges or transients; which ripple through the power-line and potentially also damaging the Fan unitsFrequent power feed instability (voltage dips, brown outs and spikes) may have a wear out effect on affected internal circuitry Electrical environment at the site of failure may be worse than the designed ETSI Susceptibility standardsRepair CategoryAnalysis% shareFault code 36Miscellaneous components20.3%LMU / Rectifier32.2%MOSFET/ FECB9.9%Fan damage8.3%Fault code 40FECB damage due to electrical overstress causing thermal damage9.9%Water damaged5.8%Miscellaneous6.9%60.3% failures due to damage in power distribution elementsWater leakage is predominately due to IP seals not properly installed We did sample site assessments including advanced power audits using oscilloscope to test this analysisTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Summary Delhi / NCR / APSites Audited: 10* NCR=5 & AP=5

Cluster covered: Delhi / NCR / AP

Module Audited: ESMA

Objective: To investigate RCA for frequent ESMA failures.

Tools Used :

Fluke power meter , Fluke IR thermometer, Fluke earth tester & Environment Probe

* Identified as repeated ESMA failure SitesTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Summary Idea, Delhi /NCRObservations Samalkha Amity School NEPZ Sahapur Loni BTS - SiteIndoorIndoorIndoorIndoorIndoorSystem ModuleESMAESMAESMAESMAESMBBTS Grounding Resistance ~ 0.072 ohm Loop SuspectedResistance ~ 0.165 ohm Loop SuspectedResistance ~ 0.289 ohm Loop SuspectedResistance ~ 0.047 ohm Loop SuspectedResistance ~ 0.069 ohmLoop SuspectedGrounding PitHigh resistance 5.67 ohm at earth pit Resistance value was 0.79 ohmsHigh resistance 4.504 & 6.207 ohms near to earth pit) Resistance value was 1.31 ohms Resistance value was 0.4 ohms Surge & Spikes in DC Power Supply Surge observed 63.5 Vdc Power observation not allowed due to Dushera break Surge observed 74.4 Vdc No DC Voltage Surge, although THD between Current & Voltage is > 5% Surge observed 60 Vdc Leakage Current(Value < 7.78mA 29.27 mA 3.75 mA 28.62 mA 00Battery BankOK 6 cells are suspected faulty 17 cells are suspected faulty in two battery banks 6 cells are suspected faulty OK PCM/E1/Alarm Cable Shield groundingAlarm cable shield not groundedAlarm cable shield not groundedAlarm & PCM cable shield not grounded Alarm cable shield not groundedAlarm & PCM cable shield not groundedInstallation of Modules inside cabinet Modules are not fixed properlyModules are not fixed properlyModules are not fixed properly Modules are not fixed properly OKIP Seal on unused portIP Seal missing at unused portsIP Seal missing at unused portsIP Seal missing at unused portsIP Seal missing at unused portsIP Seal missing at unused portsDustNOKNOKNOKNOK~ OKHigh severity issueLow severity issueGoodTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Summary: Idea, Delhi / NCRObservations Samalkha Amity School NEPZ Sahapur Loni Ambient TemperatureModerate High AmbientHigh AmbientHigh AmbientOKHigh AmbientNeutral & Ground Neutral disturbance observed4 V between Neutral & Ground 0V, NG connected0V, NG connected0V, NG connectedTemperature @ ESMA /ESMB Moderate HighHigh High High High Operating DC Voltage ( Value: -40.5 to -57.7) -53.9 V -51.6 V -54.2 V -54.1 V -53.8 VEB Supply L1 & N = 232L1 & N = 228L1 & N = 237L1 & N = 240L1 & N = 231L2 & N = 235L2 & N = 230L2 & N = 239L2 & N = 238L2 & N = 231L3 & N = 238L1& G = 232L3 & N = 240L3 & N = 232L1& G = 232L1& G = 234L2 & G = 233L1 & G = 237L1 & G = 239L2 & G = 231L2 & G = 233N & G = 5L2 & G = 239L2 & G = 235N & G = 0L3 & G = 236L3 & G = 240L3 & G = 233N & G = 2N & G = 0N & G = 0High severity issueLow severity issueGoodTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Summary: Idea, APObservations Allwyn Colony Jagadgirigatta 2 Siddiamber Bazar Bibi Nagar Mansoorabad BTS - SiteOutdoorIndoorIndoorIndoorOutdoorSysteme ModuleESMB*ESMB*ESMAESMAESMABTS Grounding Resistance ~ 0.164Ohm Loop suspected Resistance ~ 0.159Ohm Loop suspected Resistance ~ 0.181Ohm Loop suspected EGB is not installed ,temporary & loose connection @IGB Resistance ~ 0.222 Ohm Rusted ground connections @EGBResistance ~ 0.154Ohm Loop suspected Grounding Pit

Earth Pit not accessibleResistance ~ 0.720 Ohm Earth Pits are not maintained Resistance ~16.20 ohmWell maintained.Resistance ~ 0.094 Ohm High resistance value near to earth pit i.e. 19.20 ohm.Surge & Spikes in DC Power Supply Power Test not done Outdoor Site, safety of testerFull of Surges ~57.2VSurge observed max 56VNo surge observed Surge observed max 56,2VLeakage Current (Value < 7.78mA)0A29.45 mA 85.7 mA 53.88 mA 5.372mABattery BankSome cells were found bulged, 3 cells are suspected faultyVoltage dips from 54.3 V to 50.3 V in 10 mins Voltages dips from 53.8 V to 48.4 V in 10 mins Voltages dips from 54.7 V to 49.4 V in 10 mins Voltages dips from 54.7 V to 47.5 V for first set & 54.2 V to 46.7 V for second set in 10 mins. 13 cells are suspected faulty. PCM/E1/Alarm Cable Shield groundingAlarm & PCM cable shield not groundedAlarm cable shield not groundedAlarm cable shield not grounded. Alarm & PCM cable shield not groundedAlarm & PCM cable shield not grounded,Feeder GroundingRusted Bolt & multiple connection on single Clamp on cable ladderRusted Bolt on cable ladderNo grounding at near EGBOKNo grounding at near EGBInstallation of Modules inside cabinet NAModules are not fixed properly ***** Power connection at ESMB were loose Modules are not fixed properly Modules are not fixed properly Modules are not fixed properly IP Seal on unused portIP Seal was missed at unused ports IP Seal missingIP Seal missingIP Seal missing IP Seal is not used IP Rubber boot bursted @ ESMA power supplyDustNew BTS installedNOKNOK~OKNOKHigh severity issueLow severity issueGood* Instead of ESMA , ESMB was found at site during auditTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Summary: Idea, APObservations Allwyn Colony Jagadgirigatta 2 Siddiamber Bazar Bibi Nagar Mansoorabad Ambient TemperatureOK OK OK OKOKHumidity ( Value < 95 %)OKLow humidity RH 35 %Low humidity RH 36-39 %Low humidity RH 36-39 %Low humidity RH 36-39 %Environmental conditionNo corrosion observed OG3000No corrosion observed OG3000No corrosion observed OG3000No corrosion observed OG3000No corrosion observed OG3000Neutral & Ground 8 V between Neutral & Ground 0V , NG connected0V , NG connected0V , NG connected0V , NG connectedTemperature @ ESMA /ESMB OK OK OK OK OK Operating DC Voltage ( Value: -40.5 to -57.7) -49.9V -54 V -53.7 V -54.9 V -53.9 VEB Supply L1 & N = 230 L2 & N = 247

L1& G = 240 L2 & G = 245

N & G = 8L1 & N = 236 L2 & N = 234 L1& G = 236 L2 & G = 236 N & G = 0 L1 & N = 236

L1 & G = 237

N & G = 0L1 & N = 247 L2 & N = 241 L3 & N = 236 L1 & G = 247 L2 & G = 241 L3 & G = 236 N & G = 0

L1 & N = 217

L1& G = 226

N & G = 0High severity issueLow severity issueGoodTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings: Delhi/NCR/AP , Idea

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Fluctuations in EB phase and Neutral is being transferred to DC loadSite Name : Samalakha , Delhi To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:

61.2 V High Voltage observed at DC load.Site Name : Samalakha , Delhi To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:

63.5 V High Voltage observed at DC load.Site Name : Samalakha , Delhi To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : Loni , Delhi

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DC voltage Surges & whiskersTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : NEPZ , Delhi

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Input AC Disturbances create unbalance & Pollute Output DC To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : NEPZ , Delhi

Input AC Disturbances transferred to Output DC 74.4 VTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : NEPZ , Delhi

Big Volume of SurgesTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : Jagadgirigutta , AP

Full of surges & SpikesTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : Jagadgirigutta , AP

Full of surges & SpikesTo change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:

Site Name : Samalakha , Delhi To change the document information in the footer, press [Alt + F8] and use the FORMR 18 G 65 B 145R 0 G 201 B 255R 104G 113B 122R 216G 217B 218R 168G 187B 192Core and background colors:#Audit Findings:Site Name : Mansoorabad , AP Earth pits are not maintained & Earth Value is 19.3 ohm near to earth pitDG Grounding is not connected

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