Computer Hardware Devices 2013

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Example of Input Device Keyboard Touchscreen CCTV Bar code reader Scanner Web cam Microphone joystick Mouse Digital camera Laser pen

Example of Processor

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Example of Output Device

Monitor Speaker Printer LCD Projector Headphone plotter

COMPUTER SYSTEM = combination of 4 hardware components to

accept and process data, display and store the output.

4 hardware components

1.INPUT

DEVICE

- = device to accept data / input by users to be processed.

3. OUTPUT

DEVICE

= device to

display the data

that has been

processed

2. PROCESSOR

= CPU will

process the

input data into

useful

information

4. STORAGE

DEVICE

= device that

store the data /

output for future

use

Computer Hardware Devices 2013

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STORAGE DEVICE

Secondary Storage Primary Storage

RAM ROM Magnetic medium

Hard disk

Floppy disk

Flash Memory

Pen drive

Memory card

Memory Stick Optical Medium

CD ROM

DVD ROM

Blu Ray disk

CDR

CDRW

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1. User key in (input) the data using input device.

2. The data will be processed by processor into useful information.

3. The processed data (info) will be displayed by output device such as

monitor, printer,...

4. The processed data (info) will be stored for future used.

**Types of data text, graphic, audio, video

Types of information text, chart, graphic, graph, total mark, video, audio.

INPUT

STORAGE

OUTPUT PROCESS

Computer Hardware Devices 2013

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1. INPUT any data / instructions enter into the computer for processing.

Types of input Text Graphics Audio video

Input devices Keyboard

Scanner

Barcode reader

Optical reader

Scanner

Digital camera

microphone

MIDI keyboard

CCTV

Web cam

Digital camera

**pointing device mouse, trackball, graphic tablet, touch screen.

2. PROCESS process raw data into useful information.

done by CPU or processor

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FETCH + DECODE = Instruction Cycle (I-Cycle)

EXECUTE + STORE = Execution Cycle (E-Cycle)

** I-Cycle + E-Cycle = Machine Cycle

3. OUTPUT data that has been processed / information

Can be displayed (soft copy) dan printed (hard copy)

Types of output Text Graphics Audio video Output devices Printer

Scanner

Scanner

Speaker

Headphone

LCD projector

FETCH

STORE

EXECUTE

DECODE

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4. STORAGE location which data / information is kept for future used.

Differences RAM vs ROM

DIFFERENCES RAM ROM

Data and Program Stores during and after processing

Stored by manufacturer

Content Temporary (sementara) Permanent (kekal kecuali padam)

Processing Time Very fast, but use a lot of power

Fast, use only little power

Volatility Volatile (meruap) -content loss when power is OFF

Non-volatile (tidak meruap) -content still have when power is OFF

STORAGE DEVICE

Secondary Storage Primary Storage

RAM ROM

Magnetic

medium

Hard disk

Floppy disk

Flash Memory

Pen drive

Memory card

Memory Stick

Optical Medium

CD ROM

DVD ROM

Blu Ray disk

CDR

CDRW

Computer Hardware Devices 2013

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Differences Primary vs Secondary Storage

DIFFERENCES Primary Storage Secondary Storage

Need Compulsory Alternative

Location Installed internally and can be accessed directly by CPU

External storage

Capacity of data stored

Store small amount of data

Store large amount of data. Ex: hard disk

Access Speed Faster because closer to CPU

Slow because have to transfer by cable to CPU

Cost Expensive Cheap

Volatility Volatile (except ROM)

Non-Volatile

Save data Temporary Permanent