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ICT in Education of Korea
Sang-Hyun Jang Ph.D.
Korea Education and Research Information Service
Table of Contents
2
ICT in Education: Overview II
Case of ICT Use in Education III
Global Cooperation V
Introduction I
VI Conclusion
OER and MOOC IV
3
I. Introduction
Rapid Growth of Education of Korea
67$, 1953, 1 per GNP
24,329$, 2013, 1 per GNP(28,338$, 2015)
363 times
* Education
5
World-class elementary and secondary school education
PISA 2012: Reading #1~2, Mathematics #1, Science #2~4(OECD)
TIMSS 2011: Mathematics #2, Science #1 (Elementary 4)
TIMSS 2011: Mathematics #1 ,Science #3 (Middle 2)
* PISA : Program for International Student Assessment
* TIMSS: the Trends in International Mathematics and Science St
College enrollment ratio is the highest in the world
27.2% (1980) -> 68%(2000) -> 83%(2008) >71.3%(2012)
Development in education serves as the driving engine for economic
growth and has contributed to the development of democracy
Human capital ranks sixth in the world
(Deutsche Bank Report, August 2005)
I. Introduction
Rapid Growth of Education of Korea
6
Decrease in the satisfaction level of students on education
Elementary school (64.4), Junior high school (52.0), High school (47.0)
[KEDI, 2006)
Excessive spending on private education
USD 17 billion (2012) [MOE, 2012](5.4% decrease compared with 2011)
Lack of adequate response measures against the shift to a low fertility rate
and an aging society
* 12 grade student’s number < university entrance quota(2018)
* lifelong education rate is under OECD average(2012)
Under average of educational confidence and satisfaction(OECD, TIMSS )
The Korean industry is riding the Third Wave whereas Korean education has
remained on the Second Wave. Thus, revolutionary change is needed
(Industry Innovation Forum, 2005, A. Toffler)
I. Introduction
Facing Problems in Education in Korea
7
I. Introduction
Facing Problems in Higher Education in the U.S.
I. Introduction
School system in Korea
Grade
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Age
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
Special school
Primary school
Middle school
University Industrial University
Univ. of education
Air&Corr. University
Cyber University Junior
College
6.8 million students 425,000 teachers 11,360 schools Primary & Secondary
Higher Education 3 million students 76,200 teachers
156 schools
24,700 students
5,895 schools 3 million students
3,162 schools 1.8 million students
7,650 teachers
181,000 teachers
111,000 teachers
General / Vocational / Air&Corr. High school
2,303 schools 2 million students 133,000 teachers
I. Introduction
Education Organization in Korea
MOE
KEDI KICE KERIS KRIVET NILE
PMO
*Prime Minister’s Office
*Ministry Of Education
*Korea Education Development Institute
*Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation
*Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training
*Korea Education and Research Information Sevice
*National Institute for Lifelong Education
I. Introduction
Role of KERIS
KERIS
177 Local Offices of Education
Primary Schools
Lower-Secondary Schools
17 Municipal & Provincial
Offices of Education
Ministry of Education
Roles
- Advisor for policy development - Coordinator for policy implementation - Think-tank for R/D - Center for service operation
Secondary Schools
University (340)
I. Introduction
Why use ICT in Education?
Average students
Not Average students
- Disability(Learning, Physical etc)
- Gifted and talented
- Stand inappropriate curriculum
- Laguage…
The effective curriculum for “All students”
curriculum
UDL(Universal Design for Learning)
ICT
Human & Technology
I. Introduction
Innovation and Technologies?
4th Industrial Revolution
AI Bigdata
IoT Cloud
+
I. Introduction
Generalization of Artificial Intelligent
Water and
steam
electricity
Computer and Internet
Overcome Human limitations
Artificial Intelligent
Like human
1 2 3 4
I. Introduction
University Classroom?
▪ 60 years ago MIT classroom
▪ Current MIT classroom
I. Introduction
Infra/Hardware
Classroom
Classroom
Cyber space
Integrated Space
Learning space
Living Space
Education Space
I. Introduction
Progress of ICT use in Education
I. Introduction
ICT use in Higher Education
20
I. Introduction
Change in Education Paradigm
I. Introduction
Change in Education Paradigm
Ways of thinking - Creative and critical thinking
- Use of knowledge and information interactively
- Learning to learn, use of metacognition
Ways of working - Communication, collaboration and networking
- Identifying issues (questioning), concluding, explaining
- Generating ideas
Tools for working - Broad literacy (network of concepts, skills)
- ICT
Context for working - Personal, social, local, global
- Working life
Attitude needed for working - Willingness to use knowledge, engagement (motivation)
- Self-efficacy
21st century Skills(competencies) PISA, New Millennium learners, DeSeCo, …
I. Introduction
Change in Education Paradigm
21st Century Learning
Education 2.0
Education 1.0
Supported by Adapted System
Reform
Leadership, People & Culture
High-quality Infrastructure & Technology
21st Century Curriculum, Pedagogy & Assessment
Achieved in Holistic Transformation
Education 3.0
Traditional Education Systems
Curriculum
Teachers
Accountability
Leadership
*Source : Learning Society(CISCO White Paper. 2010)
Innovation Skills for 21st Century Learner
21st Skills = 3 R X 7 C
I. Introduction
Change in Education Paradigm
1970 1996 2001 2006
School Computer Education Master
Plan (1987)
ICT in Education Master Plan I (1996)
ICT in Education Master Plan Ⅱ
(2001)
ICT in Education Master Plan Ⅲ
(2006)
Preparation for information
society
Building infrastructure
Teaching & learning with ICT
U-Learning & Smart Education
• Installation of first educational computer (1971)
• RISS (1998) • EDUNET (1996)
• Guidelines for ICT in Education in primary & secondary schools (2000)
• Cyber Home Learning System (2004)
• Digital Textbook Development Plan (2007)
• SMART Education Strategy (2011)
• NEIS (2002) • u-classroom (2007)
• e-Learning Global Cooperation Center (2006)
• Standardization and distribution of educational PCs (16 bit) (1989)
• Completion of educational ICT infrastructure
• Development and distribution of content • Improving teaching methods
• Ubiquitous society • Ubiquitous learning
ICT in Education, Science & Technology Master Plan Ⅳ (2010)
Customized Learning
• Operation of Smart Model Schools (2012)
• Kindergarten Information Disclosure Public Service (2012)
• Customized learning
• Operation of Digital Textbook Model Schools (2008)
2010
II. ICT in Education: Overview
*source
II. ICT in Education: Overview
ICT in Education Trends in Korea
27
Master
Plan III
Master
Plan II
Master Plan I
Initiate
1996 2001 2006
Computer education in schools
CAI content
Teacher training
PCs, H/W
National Bureau
P-P-P
Regional center for ICT in education
EDUNET
School network
KMEC & KERIS
Education resources Sharing system
School administrative system
Teaching-learning model
ICT model school
Innovative teacher
Computer subject
Infra. completed
U-Learning model school
Multimedia
Expand content
Digital Textbook
NEIS
e-Learning infra.
Metadata standard
CHLS
Education information service
Capacity building for teacher
ICT in education standardization & Educational content
Infrastructure
ICT in education policy
Self-directed learning content
Regional bureau
u- Learning infra
EDUNET: National Teaching-learning center
NEIS: National Education Information System
CHLS: Cyber Home Learning System
KMEC: Korea Multimedia Education Center
KERIS: Korea Education & Research Information Service
Cyber security center
Enhanced teacher training
II. ICT in Education: Overview
ICT in Education Trends in Korea
2011 2010
SMART
classroom
SMART education
SMART Teacher training
28
Master Plan III (2006~2010)
Master Plan I (1996~2000)
Quality Education
Equity in Education
Education competitiveness
Education Welfare
Master Plan II (2001~2003) (2003~2005)
Focus
Policy
Key
Project
• Future Education R&D
• Digital Textbook R&D
• Systematic Teacher
Training Pathway
• KOCW in Higher
Education
• e-portfolio
• QAC
• Education Resources
Sharing System
• Teaching & Learning
Center
• Standards for ICT use
• Teacher Training for
ICT use in subject
• ICT infrastructure in all schools
• Education Service System launch (EDUNET)
• Develop Multimedia Contents
• ICT literacy education
Infra/ICT Literacy
(World-class
ICT environment)
ICT Integration
(Enhance effect and
quality of education)
E-Learning
(Realize education
welfare)
HRD
(World-class
educational
competitiveness)
• CHLS (Cyber Home
Learning System)
• EBS e-Learning Service
• KEM (Korea Education
Metadata)
• e-learning Center
• ERP in National
University
Edu.
Goal
II. ICT in Education: Overview
ICT in Education Trends in Korea
29
II. ICT in Education: Overview
ICT in Education Trends in Korea
SMART education(2011~)
Ⅱ. Major Services
Collect & Process
RISS 2.0
Union Catalog & Inter-Library Loan
Thesis & Dissertation
Journal Articles
Foreign Research DB
Video Lectures & Syllabus
Korea Open Course Ware
Produce
699 Univ. Libraries
NII, Japan
CALIS, China
OCLC, USA
Academic Societies
MEST, KEDI, KRIVET, etc.
e-Learning Support Center
Univ., Institutes
<www.riss.kr>
[Facebook RISS page]
III. ICT in Education: Case
*source
Ⅱ. Major Services III. ICT in Education: Case
Ⅱ. Major Services
Domestic Universities
Universities overseas
Noble Laureates series
Special pages
Online lecture contents and the related course materials opened by universities Humanities, social Sciences, natural sciences, engineering, pharmacy, education
Lectures from MIT OCW, Stanford Engineering Everywhere, Open Yale, TED, YouTube/EDU
Lectures by Nobel Prize winners of the their specific fields
Let’s learn Korean KOCW learning languages Pre-taking university introduction courses
<www.kocw.net>
III. ICT in Education: Case
Ⅱ. Major Services III. ICT in Education: Case
Ⅱ. Major Services III. ICT in Education: Case
OER/OCW/MOOC
OER OCW(Open CourseWare)
MOOC (Massive Open Online CourseWares)
WikiEducator “(OER refers) to educational resources (lesson plans, quizzes, syllabi, instructional modules, simulations, etc.) that are freely available for use, reuse, adaptation, and sharing”
UNESCO Forum (2002) “Teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions. Open licensing is built within the existing framework of intellectual property rights as defined by relevant international conventions and respects the authorship of the work”
IV. OER and MOOC
IV. OER and MOOC
History of MOOC
Yuan, Li, and Stephen Powell, MOOC and Open Education(2013)
Alison(Spain) Fun(France) Iversity(Germany) Open2Study(Australia) JMOOC(Japan) XuetangX(China) KOCW/KMOOC(Korea) OOO(Thailand) OOO(Malaysia)…
IV. OER and MOOC
IV. OER and MOOC
‹#›
‹#›
University Subject
1 Kyung Hee University The World We Made: Homo Politicus
2 Global Civic Education: Living in the Global Common Society
2 Korea University
Lectures on General Relativity for Pedestrians
4 Quantum Mechanics for IT/NT/BT
Introduction to Civil Law
Korean Classic Literature, History and Culture
3 Pusan National University Life Principia
2 Social Enterprise
4 Seoul National University Introduction to Economics
2 Life in the Universe
5 Sungkyunkwan University Analects of Confucius
2 Creative Thinking
6 Yonsei University
What is Literature?
3 Service Design
Understanding Space
7 Ewha Womans University
Modern Physics and the Revolution of Human Thoughts
4 Understanding of Cinematic Storytelling
Human Behavior and Social Structure
History of Architecture, Society and Culture
8 POSTECH Continuum and Finite Element Analysis
2 Digital Communication System: Modulation, Demodulation, and Power Spectrum
9 KAIST Dynamics
2 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
10 Hanyang University
Theory of Architectural Space
4 Introduction to Policy Studies
Business Data Mining
Introduction to Information Sociology
‹#›
Open edX-based, localized for Korean audience
Open edX in Korean
Develop open API for
mobile application
Learning Management Service
(LMS)
Content Management Service
(CMS)
S/W
DBMS
(User)
DBMS
(Contents)
H/W
CMS Platform
System Introduction (H/W, S/W)
Plagiarism
check
Join Lifelong
Learning
Account
Take the
Class Get the
Certificate
Open
Course Exam
Auto
Marking Send email
Plagiarism check
Link with Lifelong Learning
Account System for
auto upload
‹#›
https://courses.edx.org/courses/SNUx/SNU446.345.1x/1T2014/courseware/fa3532bd464b494e8bb8c45a5cbdef68/539b99c9d7c2403e911bc58a4bb32fbb/ https://courses.edx.org/courses/SNUx/SNU034.005.1x/1T2014/courseware/ee6f83ea866d4dbfb2bae42532a3a48d/31873ab4369b45788b31df4375d75c05/ https://courses.edx.org/courses/SNUx/SNU216B.226.1x/1T2014/courseware/ba0e1068b5204415b6d1e750df78ac01/1211b814c39b46c986cddbefa2ab4d82/
‹#›
A Certificate of Completion issued when learners have satisfied the conditions
The standards required for completion are set by the university offering the course
- the minimum attendance rate, learning progress, and minimum score for evaluation
Giving academic credits to K-MOOC courses currently under discussion
Verified for its reliability from technical and social perspectives to recognize academic credits for K-
MOOC courses
‹#›
Data as of 22 July, 2016
‹#›
Instructors can provide variety of learning materials to the
learners by using K-MOOC in their offline classes
Also, instructors can provide learning materials with wider
scope and depth to the learners
Instructors are using K-MOOC in linkage to their offline courses In particular, instructors prefer to teach the class online yet they tend to use offline methods for course assessments (tests, quizzes, etc.) With K-MOOC, people are paying more attention to Flipped learning
On-line
teaching
20%
On-line
teaching &
On-line test
31%
On-line
teaching &
Off-line test
49%
Source: Lee(2015). A Study on the Instructors’ Perspective for Enhancement of Massive Open Online Courses. Korea National Open University.
Next MOOC?
IV. OER and MOOC
The growth of global MOOC adoption
* http://edutechnica.com, 2013.10
IV. OER and MOOC
MOOC and Flipped Classroom
IV. OER and MOOC
Korea Massive Open Online Course
K-MOOC has adopt from edX platform in 2015
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Background
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Objectives and Strategies
4C Strategies
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
4. Operating Collaborative systems
1. Building Capacity of e-Learning
2. Development of Open Contents
3. Operating OER platform
1 2
3 4
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Building Capacity of e-Learning
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Development of Open Contents
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Development of Open Contents
ACU-OER
Member universities - Development and Using of contents
Participate universities - Opening and Using of contents
Others universities - Using of contents
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Operating OER platform
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Operating OER platform
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Operating OER platform
Retrieval like MERLOT
(lecture)video, image, animation, text, document, textbook
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Operating OER platform
Retrieval like edX
Enroll open course
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Operating Collaborative systems
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Operating Collaborative systems
8th Steering committee (Hanoi, 2016.4) E-Learning Expert Training(Seoul, 2016.6)
IV. OER and MOOC
Asean Cyber University Project
Global-OER CIS OER
ASEAN OER
OGP OER
* Open Government Partner(the U.S.)
IV. OER and MOOC
64
Consulting on ICT in Education
V. Global Cooperation
Standardization for ICT in Education
Capacity Building for
ICT in Education
Global partnership for ICT in Education
Enhance
International Cooperation
for EFA
V. Global Cooperation
Development of ICT Indicators in Education
• Core indicators
• Pilot tested several regional areas
• Expanded indicators
UNESCO UIS
• WBI
• Survey the impact of ICT in education
• School manager, policy maker
• More focus on the Infra, Policy and Impact
World Bank
• Measured overall ICT in the society
• Not only target the ICT in education
• More focus on the policy
OECD
66
V. Global Cooperation
Development of ICT Indicators in Education
Analysis results examples of KERIS Indicator
Knowledge Package (Korea)
Australia U.S.A. United Kingdom and EU
The Needs of Developing Countries (MDGs/EFA)
Policy, Driving System, Law, institution
Law, institution
Leadership Budget
Leadership Management
Support Management
Infrastructure Infrastructure Accessibility to Infrastructure
Network and Infrastructure
Network and Infrastructure
Educational Contents
Online contents Digital contents Digital contents and S/W Contents and S/W
Standardization
Curriculum Integrated with general curriculum
Connected with general curriculum
Human resource Teacher, Learner, Adult
Staff training Staff training Professional development
Educational Information service
Online contents service
Integrated Database
Computer application to school administrative service
Educational information service
Etc. E-learning, Virtual school
Expand the learning opportunities, Achievement, Assessment
*source
67
V. Global Cooperation
Development of ICT Indicators in Education
Analysis results examples of KERIS Indicator
*source
68
IV. Global Cooperation
▶ UNESCO-King Hamad Bin Isa Al-Khalifa
Prize for the Use of ICT in Education
69
V. Global Cooperation
▶ 2008-2011 : Uzbekistan
- Project name : Capacity Expansion Project of the Special Professional Education of Uzbekistan
- Buget : 35 Million Dollar(U.S)
- Tasks : 150 vocational high school
KERIS – EDCF Project
▶ 2012-2014 : Colombia
- Project name : Consulting Services for the ICT Education Capability Building Project in the Republic of Colombia
- Buget : 30 Million Dollar(U.S)
- Tasks : 5 Innovation Center, 32 e-learning contents,
15,000 teacher training, 50 model school,
Portal service
70
VI. Conclusion
(ODA)
Global partnership
Strategic agreements
Cooperation & development
Extending global
cooperation
e.g. ICT4ED
working group with many countries
Identifying needed projects
Sharing
knowledge package
Building capacity for
ICT in education
Solving digital divide
Economic support
Thank You [email protected]