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ICT Development and Innovation Growth: Opportunities and Issuesdr. roger harris

roger.harris@rogharris.orgAPEC Digital Opportunity Centres Workshop, July 10th ~11th, 2012

To assist in transforming digital divides intodigital opportunities throughout the Asia-Pacific regionEnhance capacity building in ICT byfacilitating access to infrastructure and training programs to women, children, and disadvantaged minorities in APEC communitiesInception in 2004, 89 training centers have been established in 10 Partner Member Economies providing training to over 300,000 peopleChile, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Papua New Guinea, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, Thailand, andVietnam. ICT Growth Opportunities

Non-users65%Internet Users35%DevelopedDeveloping

Other53%India10%China37%The world is home to 7 billion people, one third of which are using the InternetDeveloping countries have increased their share of the worlds total number of Internet users from 44% in 2006, to 62% in 2011.Making the developing world the largest and fastest growing internet market.ITU. The World in 2011, ICT Facts and Figures.

ICT Growth OpportunitiesLess older people online; everywhere

70% of developing country youngsters, 1.9b people, are not online.

0.51.01.52.02.53.03.50.0Billions of peopleUnder 25Over 25Under 25Under 25Over 25Over 25DevelopedWorldDevelopingUsing InternetNot using Internet23%77%66%64%77%70%29%71%30%23%36%34%Young people quickly adopt ICTs

Huge potential for schools, and public access venues ITU. The World in 2011, ICT Facts and Figures.Plus, broadband is getting cheaperIn developing countries, fixed broadband prices dropped by 52.2% between 2008 and 2010.Is Lack of Access to ICTs a Barrier?Which amounts to

41%Portugal29%Spain18%France11%UK21%Ireland16%Germany39%Italy5%Sweden9%Finland33%Poland18%Austria45%Greece54%Romania7%Denmark33%Lithuania28%HungaryIn Europe, this percent of people never use the Internet24%of theEuropean Unionor120Million people

Telecentre Europe/Eurostat

How Does Growth in Access Lead to Development?Kaiser Family FoundationThe Consequence of Access for Youths in the USAIssuesfailure to account for these realities keeps the digital divide alive, even after access and training is provideduse for entertainmentby default, the advantaged benefit firstuse for socialisingdevelopment problemsinnovation with ictsaccessskillsawarenessOpportunitiescomputers & Internetmobile phonesradioPopulation 29mMillionInternet users5.117.5%Broadband users5.017.1%Wireless broadband users2.58.6%3G subscribers10.034.3%Mobile subscribers41.9143.6%Malaysian Telecentres 2,489 telecentres 20-50 visitors per week Federal ministries State governments Universities TelcosExample from MalaysiaICTs and Indigenised DevelopmentE-Bario Telecentre, Sarawak, MalaysiaIsolatedTelecentreIndigenous Fly-in Poor communications Development starved Unique culture Dwindling population Supportive diaspora

Satellite internet Solar power Multiple awards Community radio

E-Bario: Creating Opportunities for Indigenous PeoplesUnderstand the socio-economic contextProblemsAspirationsOpportunitiesIntroduce ICTs for a purposeTelecentre for computers and internetSchool PC labsCommunity radioEvaluate the outcomesRectify, intensify, expandPropagate successes Advise national developmente-Bario Innovation Village

Community Radio

Language preservation Cultural entertainment Local news Call-in debates

Oral Literature

Language preservation Cultural preservationRadio broadcastingVirtual museum

Traditional Botanical Knowledge

Cultural preservation Intellectual property rights Commercial exploitationSupport policy making and ICT evaluationDocument the diffusion of ICT among stakeholdersUnderstand the impact of ICT usage Promote awareness of opportunities for ICT usageIdentify and disseminate good ICT practices

Aerial Photography

Community mapping Land rights claims Forestry protection Environmental surveillance in the Heart of BorneoEvidence based management of the information societyImproved public spending effectiveness Better knowledge exploitationMore effective policy making

A policy intelligence tool for the management of innovation processes driven by ICT diffusion and usage among a specific disadvantaged groupOvercome suboptimal connectivity between relevant actors by; articulating demand, fostering networks, and managing learning processes.Take responsibility for outcomes; continuous learning and adaptation, constant and participatory monitoring.Make technology relevant to its context; demand-driven solutions; targeting appropriation.Institutions or individuals whose creative acts have transformational effects that result in policies that they favour. Non-neutral, evidence-based advocacy.Multiple Roles for Innovation and Growth4. Policy entrepreneurs

3. Innovationbrokers

2. ICT activists

1. Development agentsLessons the big onesMalaysian Programme forBridging the Digital DivideDespite some encouraging instances of positive benefit, there is disappointment at the overall public response to BDD programmes, arising from low awareness and minimal use for socio-economic developmentLack of communication and information sharing among stakeholders resulting in duplicated effortsBDD Stakeholders play a different role in delivering programmes, but when it comes to collaboration, they may not be clear on their roles and how to contribute in a coordinated mannerSuccess or failure of BDD Programmes as well as socioeconomic impact could not be ascertain due to the absence of effective performance monitoring framework socio-economic developmentThe overall increase in socio-economic status of the overall community is not yet visible

Indigenous Voices in Asia-PacificIdentifying the Information and CommunicationNeeds of Indigenous Peoples

Expand Democratic SpaceEnhance Indigenous peoples capacities for producing media content, and to use new media platforms for democratizing communication production and distributionImprove media literacyPilot and/or scale up on-going indigenous media initiativesShare experiences through South-South exchangesWhats this?Could do moreISITI doingIs ISITI doing this ?mmmmICT4IDISITI andSocial InnovationDevelopment that indigenous people themselves devise and implement

ISITI and the ICT4IDSocial Innovation Network

ISITICommunicating in a Social Innovation Network

Communi- cation StrategyNational SymposiumIdentifies our audiences and the messages we want to deliverEncourage individuals to participate. Remove barriersShare with other institutions; recruit them into the networkCommunity of PracticeAction Plan