www.icipe.org

icipe history, R&D structure and programmes

Segenet Kelemu

Director General & CEO, icipe

www.icipe.org

General facts - icipe• A Center of Excellence in Africa- for research and

capacity building for insect science and its

application

• An intergovernmental organization- Charter signed

by 13 countries worldwide

• >500 staff (41 nationalities) and several contracted

workers

• 150-180 graduate students annually

Organization with a

unique history: 49

years

T.R. Odhiambo H.R. Herren C.

Borgemeister

S. Kelemu

www.icipe.org

General facts - icipe

A Stockholm Convention Regional

Centre

Collaborating Centre for Bee

Health in Africa

Collaborate with

> 300 partners

worldwide

FAO Reference Centre for

Vectors and Vector-borne Animal Diseases

WHO-AFRO Partner for Vector

Management100% Solar

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Thematic areas

Plant

• Staple food

• Horticultural crop

• Migrant pests

• Insect for food and

feed

Animal

• Tsetse

• Ticks

• Biting flies

Plant & Animal Health

• Biodiversity and

conservation

• Bee Health

• Commercial Insects

and Applied

Bioprospecting

• Climate change

• Malaria research

• Leishmaniasis

• Zoonotic

diseases

• Sleeping

sicknesss

Environment Health

Human Health

Capacity Building & Institutional Development;

BioInnovate and PASET-RSIF

(cross-cutting)

www.icipe.org

How we work

Social Science and Impact

Assessment Unit

Molecular Biology and

Bioinformatic Unit

Chemical and Behavioural

Ecology Unit

Technology Transfer Unit

Animal Rearing and

Quarantine Unit

Arthropod Pathology Unit

GIS Unit

Biosystematic Unit

Research Units

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Where we work

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Why insects?

Pollinators

BeneficialDecomposers

Food web

Harmful

Food & feedBeautify landscape

Environment change

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The push-pull technology

1 cereal + 2 perennial

companion crops

Push-pull encompasses

intercropping maize with

the legume desmodium and

a border row of Napier

grass around the plot; both

desmodium and Napier

grass are perennial fodder

plants

Lepidopteran stemborers :

80% yield losses

$1.5 billion loss annually

Striga : 100 million people affected

Aflatoxin is a potent toxin produced by a fungus:

• Immunosuppressive

• Growth retardant

• Carcinogenic

• Lethal

• Widespread

January 2018

Fall armyworm: Economic impact on maize: US$6.2 billion annually (CABI, 2017)

Kenya Ethiopia

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Sub-Saharan Africa has high cattle density

Globally-Livestock supports

Livelihood for 1.3 billion people

Alsan, 2015

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Africa lags behind in milk production

Alsan (2015): Effect of tsetse flies on Africa’s developmentAmerican Economic Review 105, 382-410

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Tsetse repellent technology and trapping

• Waterbuck are present in tsetse habitats but not fed upon

• Through series of field experiments 5 – component blend (WRB) was identified at icipe.

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Tsetse repellent collar technology

Saini et al., 2017

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A new dispenser

From US$$ 40 to <US$5

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B

B

B

T C

T

Consortium involving many institutes

Neuroethology of tsetse flies

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Ticks resistance management and control

Healthy tick Biopesticide kill ticks

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Understanding the behavioural ecology of all life stages of mosquitoes

• Diverse behaviours as they progress from emergence to egg laying;

• All mediated by cues that might be exploited for control.

Source:

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Microsporidia MB / Plasmodium in the field

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Inventory of African edible insects

Edible insects are a depleting traditional

food system in Africa, which needs to be

revived

Approximately 500 species of insects are

eaten across Africa (More than 1/3 of the

global list)

Central and Southern Africa are hot spots

of edible insects

Paradoxically, food and nutritional security

situation in these countries remain

precarious

Source: Kelemu et al., 2015

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Insects for food/feed• About 1 million of the 1.4 million described animal species on earth are insects

Insects form part of the traditional diet of at least 2 billion people

More than 2,000 species are reported to be consumed by humans

Insects therefore have a significant role to play in improving food and

nutritional security

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Nutritional profile – crude protein

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Pro

tein

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nte

nt

(%

DM

)

Insects Versus Other Protein Samples

Out of 30 insect species and instars analysed, 96% outperformed fishmeal

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Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)with wings, freeze-driedwithout wings, freeze-driedwith wings, friedwithout wings, fried

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

4,00

mg/

10

0g

Masaka Mbarara

Kabale Hoima Kampala

Edible insects have high

amount of Riboflavin

(Vitamin B2)

Recommended daily

allowance of Vitamin B2 is

1.5mg/day

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Zinc

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140m

g/1

00

gwith wings, freeze-driedwithout wings, freeze-driedwith wings, friedwithout wings, fried

Masaka Mbarara

Kabale Hoima Kampala

Very high levels of zinc

are observed in edible

insects as compared to

conventional sources

Red meat considered

to be a good source of

Zinc has only 4.8

mg/100g

While Required daily

allowance of Zinc per

day ranges from 8 – 12

mg

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Insect oil yields

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Omega-3 fatty acids in insect, cod liver, olive and sesame seed oils

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CAPACITY BUILDING

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MSc and PhD programmes

Dissertation Research Internship Programme(DRIP) [PhD and MSc]

• Any nationality• Supported by icipe projects, universities…• Students with icipe for part or all of

research programme• Start at any time• Co-supervised & registered by universities

in any country

• From SSA• Scholarships + icipe project funds• New cohort starts in ~Oct each year • Students with icipe for entire programme• Co-supervised & registered by African

universities

African Regional Postgraduate Programmein Insect Science (ARPPIS)

[PhD]

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Students from 32 African countries

ARPPIS PhD(239)

DRIP PhD(115)

DRIP MSc(357)

357 MSc and 354 PhD postgraduate students have completed

Postgraduate training (1983- present)

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s

women

men

23%

27%

35%

43%N

um

ber

of

stu

den

ts

Decade

Women representation in graduate training

(1983- present)

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The need is there! SSA vs India & China

Item World Sub Sahara Africa

India China

Population (2017 est) 7.53 1.06 1.34 1.37

Researchers/million (2015 Average)

1083 92 215 1,176

R&D exp/ % GDP (2016)

2.23 0.41 0.63 2.07

Scientific publications/% World output (2016)

2.3million

1.1 4.8 18.5

Patents ? 233 848 1,757

Source: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IP.PAT.RESD; UNESCO Science Report 2015 (updated 2016)

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Africa by 2063 – prosperous, peaceful & contributing to global dev’t.

How? Raise per capita incomes to > USD 1,000

<USD 13,000 (low and upper middle income)

(Goal of country visions, strategies, plans)

…but in a sustainable way

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Partnership for Skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology(PASET)/RSIF https://www.rsif-paset.org/

• PASET is an initiative by African governments to address fundamental gaps in skills and knowledge necessary for long-term, sustained economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

• PASET was launched in 2013 by the governments of Senegal, Ethiopia and Rwanda, while the governments of Kenya and Ivory Coast have since joined the partnership.

• PASET established a Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (RSIF) in 2015 to contribute towards the training of a critical mass of PhD scholars and scientists, and support research and innovation in five priority thematic areas.

www.icipe.org

Objective of RSIF

To build high quality doctoral training, research, & innovation capabilities in priority tech areas, including new transformative technologies, that are important for Africa’s development.

Photo: courtesy of icipe

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RSIF supports 5 priority thematic areas

ICTs including big data and artificial intelligence

Food security and agribusiness

Minerals, mining and materials engineering

Energy including renewables

Climate change

www.icipe.org

Design of RSIF

General FundPermanent

(Endowment)

Fund

Window 1:

Scholarships,

institutional capacity

building,

partnerships &

networks

Window 2:

Research

Grants

Window 3:

Innovation Grants

and creation of

innovation

environments

www.icipe.org

Netherlands

Directorate-

General for

International

Cooperation.

Donors directly providing financial support to icipe

Acknowledgement

International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology

P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya

Tel: +254 (20) 8632000

E-mail: icipe@icipe.org

Website: www.icipe.org

Thank you

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