ic design

1

Chapter 0

Overview to Integrated

Circuits

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 2

First transistor

Bell Labs, 1948

1956Shockley,

Bardeen, Brattain

"for their researches on

semiconductors and their discovery

of the transistor effect"

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 3

(IC)

Bipolar logic

1960s

ECL 3-input Gate

Motorola 1966

2000 Jack Kilby

"for his part in the invention of the

integrated circuit"

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 4

Intel 4004 (1971)

1000 1 MHz

Tzi-Dar Chiueh Tzi-Dar Chiueh 5

Intel (2014)

2014, Core i7, 5960X Haswell :

26, 22 ,

355 mm2,

3.5GHz, 20MB .

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 6

2000

Units 435M Analog

Baseband

Digital Baseband

(DSP + MCU)

Power

Management

Small

Signal RF Power

RF

2008 2009

1177M 1130M

2010 2011 2012 2013

1391M 1546M 1738M 1822M

Source: IDC Worldwide Mobile Phone Tracker, Jan. 27, 2014.

1004M smartphones

Tzi-Dar Chiueh Tzi-Dar Chiueh

Apple A8 Processor

7

(GPU)

(CPU)

Moores Law

1929

Intel

PhD, Caltech, 1954

67

8


1965Moore IC()

1824

IC

IC

18


IC

feature size ()

5(um, micron)

0.13 um -> 90nm -> 65nm -> 45nm (40nm)

28nm/22nm/14nm

10nm

nm nanometer1(1/1,000,000,000)

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 11

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

LO

G2 O

F T

HE N

UM

BER

OF

CO

MPO

NEN

TS P

ER

INTEG

RA

TED

FU

NC

TIO

N

Electronics, April 19, 1965.

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 12

(ROM)


IC

13 Source: SIA 2007


(CPU)

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 16

0.0000001

0.000001

0.00001

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012

cost: -per-transistor

Fabrication capital cost per transistor (Moores law)

IC

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDROPMoNZpk

17

IC

18


Silicon Wafer

12 (30cm)


IC ()


ICPizza


IC

22


IC

M7

M6

M5

M4

M3

M2

M1

IC ?

24


Intel CPU

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 26

P6 Pentium proc

486

386 286 8086

8085 8080

8008 4004

0.1

1

10

100

1971 1974 1978 1985 1992 2000 Year

Po

wer

(Watt

s)

Source: Intel

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 27

IC

5KW 18KW

1.5KW

500W

4004 8008

8080 8085

8086 286

386 486

Pentium proc

0.1

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1971 1974 1978 1985 1992 2000 2004 2008 Year

Po

wer

(Watt

s)

Source: Intel

Tzi-Dar Chiueh 28

4004 8008

8080 8085

8086

286 386

486 Pentium proc

P6

1

10

100

1000

10000

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Year

Po

wer

Den

sit

y (

W/c

m2)

Hot Plate

Nuclear

Reactor

Rocket

Nozzle

Source: Intel


1664

29

?

30

1965 2015?


10nm, 5nm

(3D)

3D ( FinFET)

(3D IC)

(Monolithic 3D IC)

USERHighlight

USERTypewriterSystem in package


3D IC ---

(13, 32)

32


3D IC --- (TSV)

Through-silicon Via (TSV)

33


300mm 30mm.

34


Monolithic () 3D IC

35


IC

:

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