ibm spectrum nas esxi configuration guide · 2018-10-25 · ibm spectrum nas esxi configuration...

IBM Spectrum NASVersion 1.7.1.0

ESXi Configuration Guide

SC27-9300-00

IBM

This edition applies to IBM Spectrum NAS, Version 1.7.1.0, and to all subsequent releases and

modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions.

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2018.

US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP

Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

This manual provides instructions for installation of the IBM Spectrum NAS storage solution on storage

nodes within VMware ESXi. It includes description of the initial setting up of the ESXi environment.

The reader of this document is expected to have solid knowledge and understanding of VMware and

concepts of storage cluster administration.

After the IBM Spectrum NAS nodes are installed, one for each ESXi host, then refer to the IBM

Spectrum NAS Quick Setup Guide to install the Management Tool and create an IBM Spectrum

NAS storage cluster.

Then, for details on managing the storage using the IBM Spectrum NAS management tool, please

refer to the IBM Spectrum NAS Management Manual.

For further assistance, please refer to the Getting Help section of this manual.

Getting Started ............................................................................................................. 4 Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 4 Prerequisites .................................................................................................................. 4

Part 1: Initial VMware Host Settings ........................................................................... 5 Enabling NTP client ....................................................................................................... 5 Configuring PCI adapter for passthrough .................................................................. 6

Part 2: Creating IBM Spectrum NAS VMs ................................................................... 8 Creating a virtual machine on a VMware host ........................................................... 8 Installing IBM Spectrum NAS on the VMs ................................................................. 14 Creating a file system .................................................................................................. 18

Part 3: Creating shares for VMs and data ................................................................ 19 Mounting the file share to VMware ........................................................................... 21

Getting Help ................................................................................................................ 25 IBM Spectrum NAS Support ....................................................................................... 25

Appendix ..................................................................................................................... 26 Creating RDMs ............................................................................................................. 26 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................... 28

Disks not visible ...................................................................................................... 28

IBM Spectrum NAS ESXi Configuration | Version 1.7.1.0

IBM Spectrum NAS ESXi Configuration Version 1.7.1.0 2018

4

Definitions

Bare metal node A physical computer with no operating system installed.

VMware host A bare metal node that has ESXi installed on it and can be managed in

VMware vSphere. Also called hypervisor or hypervisor host.

Storage node A virtual machine that is created onto a VMWare host, with the purpose of

installing IBM Spectrum NAS software on it. After the IBM Spectrum NAS

software has been installed, this machine will be referred to as IBM Spectrum

NAS VM.

IBM Spectrum NAS VM A virtual machine that is hosted on a VMware host and has IBM Spectrum

NAS software installed on it. It can also be called IBM Spectrum NAS node.

IBM Spectrum NAS cluster A collection of IBM Spectrum NAS nodes that are connected to each other

through a shared network interface and create a common virtual file system.

It can also be called storage cluster.

IBM Spectrum NAS storage The storage space available on a file share, presented by the IBM Spectrum

NAS cluster.

User VM A virtual machine that you create for your own needs and that is stored on

the IBM Spectrum NAS storage. It could be, for example, a Windows or a

Linux machine.

Prerequisites

Four or more VMware ESXi hosts.

CPU with hardware virtualization support on each host.

ESXi on all VMware hosts with SSH enabled – ESXi 6.2 or above is recommended

Access to VMware vSphere Client, with access permissions to the datacenter that contains the

VMware hosts.

Hypervisor hosts and IBM Spectrum NAS guest VMs must be able to syncronize time with external

NTP server.

An ISO file of the IBM Spectrum NAS software that will be used to install IBM Spectrum NAS onto

your storage nodes.

Note: For IBM Spectrum NAS stored ESXi VMs (the vm share), only NFS 3 is supported.


5

Before you can begin creating IBM Spectrum NAS VMs on your VMware hosts, you have to ensure that the

following settings are made on each of your VMware hosts.

Enabling NTP client

The NTP client ensures that all your VMware hosts are synchronized with one another and the NTP server

they are configured to.

To enable the NTP client on the VMware host, select the VMware host name, go to the Configure view and

select System > Time Configuration. Here you can check if the NTP client is enabled and the NTP server

that it is synchronized with.

If the NTP client is not already enabled, click Edit and make the following settings:

Repeat for all your VMware hosts and ensure they have NTP client enabled.


6

Configuring PCI adapter for passthrough

The cache and storage disks that you would like to use for IBM Spectrum NAS should be configured as PCI

passthrough. For cache, NVMe devices are required, SAS/SATA SSD is not supported.

If passthrough is not possible, please refer to the appendix for information about RDM: Creating RDMs.

Step 1: Select the VMware host, go to the Configure view, select Hardware > PCI Devices and click Edit.

Step 2: This will open the Edit PCI Device Availability window. Here, select the PCI devices that you wish to

add to your VMware host, both for cache and storage. Click OK.


7

The following box may appear if storage devices are being used by ESXi. As the intention is to use these

devices for IBM Spectrum NAS storage or cache, click Yes to proceed.

Step 3: Wait until the button Reboot This Host appears. This may take one or two minutes and you may

need to click Refresh. When the button has appeared, click to reboot the host.

Repeat the steps for all VMware hosts.


8

To ensure that the User VMs you will create on your VMware hosts have access to the IBM Spectrum NAS

storage, these are the steps that will be covered in the following sections:

1. Create a virtual machine (VM) on each of your VMware hosts.

2. Install IBM Spectrum NAS software on each VM, thus creating your IBM Spectrum NAS VMs.

3. Set up an IBM Spectrum NAS cluster by adding all IBM Spectrum NAS VMs to a cluster using the

IBM Spectrum NAS management tool.

4. Create and configure a file system and a share using the IBM Spectrum NAS management tool

5. Mount the file share onto vSphere.

Note: We recommend using a minimum of two network interfaces on each IBM Spectrum

NAS VM, i.e. one for your public network and one for your private / management

network. If required, make sure that you configure an additional virtual switch on each

of your VMware hosts before you start creating the IBM Spectrum NAS VMs.

Creating a virtual machine on a VMware host

In the VMWare vSphere Web Client, for one host, select Actions > New Virtual Machine.


9

Step 1: Select Create a new virtual machine and click Next.

Step 2: Enter a name for the IBM Spectrum NAS VM, select a location for the virtual machine and click Next.


10

Step 3: Select the destination compute resource for the IBM Spectrum NAS VM and click Next.

Step 4: Select storage for your IBM Spectrum NAS VM. This will be the IBM Spectrum NAS VM's boot disk.

Click Next.


11

Step 5: Select the appropriate compatibility option (ESXi 6.2 or later), and click Next.

Step 6: Select Linux and CentOS 4/5/6/7 (64-bit) and click Next.


12

Step 7: In the Customize hardware window, set the specifications for your IBM Spectrum NAS VM:

1. CPU, memory and hard disk: In this example, we

create 4 CPUs, specify 32 GB of memory, and hard disk

with the size of 30 GB, which will be the boot disk and

used for the log files. Please note the recommended

minimum specifications to the right.

2. Network: Add an additional Network Adapter in the

Add new device drop box. Configure both your

network interfaces so that one has access to the private or management network while the other

has access to the public network.

3. Disks: You will have to add all the storage that is intended for this node, both for cache and

storage. In the Add new device drop-down list, select PCI Device. Select the storage controller for

the new PCI device, then expand and click Reserve all memory. Repeat this process until all PCI

storage devices are added.

Note: If RDMs are used, as described in the appendix, then in the Add new device drop-down list you select

Existing Hard Disks. Navigate to the RDMs folder that you created and select an RDM. Repeat this process

until all RDMs are added.

When you are done with all disks as described above, click Next and you will be able to review your

configuration in the next step.

Note: The VM option to make the VM synchronize with hypervisor time must not be set, since

it may make the OS time jump back and forth (the option is not set by default).

Recommended specifications

CPU 4 cores

Memory 32 GB or more

Disk 30 GB or more


13

Step 8: The final step, Ready to complete. Review your configuration and click Finish.

You have now created a virtual machine on a VMware host.

Repeat the process until you have created a virtual machine on each VMware host.

After creating a virtual machine on each VMware host, you need to install the IBM Spectrum NAS software

on each virtual machine, as shown in the next section. When this is done, you will have finalized the creation

process of the IBM Spectrum NAS VMs.


14

Installing IBM Spectrum NAS on the VMs

First, an ISO file with the IBM Spectrum NAS software needs to be uploaded onto a Datastore that the virtual

machine can access:

Step 1: Login to your VMware vSphere Client, select the datastore where you would like to upload the ISO

file to, go to the Files view and select Upload Files. Browse for the location of your ISO file and upload it.

Step 2: Right-click on the newly created VM and select Edit Settings. Next to CD/DVD drive, select

“Datastore ISO File”. Next, browse to the location, select the ISO file and click OK.

Enable the option: Connect At Power On.


15

Step 3: To begin the installation process, right-click the virtual machine and select Power > Power On. Given

that the bootable IBM Spectrum NAS ISO file is selected and “Connect At Power On” is checked in the

previous step, the installation will start.

Step 4: To proceed the installation, open a Remote Console by right-clicking the virtual machine and select

Open Remote Console. Alternatively, select Launch Web Console from the Summary view.


16

Step 5: The virtual machine boots from the IBM Spectrum NAS ISO file and the installation process starts.

After a few moments, you should see the screen shown below. Enter a name, the name that you used for

the VM (in our example starting with cmp1221) and press Tab and then Enter to access the Next button.

Note: No "dots" in host name.

Step 6: The installation wizard will list all disks that are available in the node. Select the system disk, i.e. the

boot disk that you created earlier in the Customize hardware window. Then press Tab and Enter for Next.

Note: If you should run into problems with disks not visible, please refer to Appendix /

Troubleshooting: Disks not visible.


17

Step 7: This option does not apply since the hypervisor’s drivers will be used. Thus, do not select, press Tab

and Enter to Finish.

The installer proceeds to install the packages of the IBM Spectrum NAS software. At this point, no further

user input is required until all the packages have been installed. The time needed for the installation

depends on the number of packages and the overall speed of the node.


18

When you are done, you should see a screen like this:

Repeat the Installing IBM Spectrum NAS on the Virtual Machine process for each virtual machine.

You have now finalized the creation process of the IBM Spectrum NAS VMs.

Creating a file system

Please refer to the IBM Spectrum NAS Quick Setup Guide for instructions on how to install the IBM

Spectrum NAS management tool and to create a storage cluster with a file system and a file share.

Continue with part 3: Creating shares for VMs and data.

CentOS Linux 7 (Core)

Kernel 4.9.76 on an x86_64

cmp1221 login: _


19

A file system and a file share has been created. Now, if the IBM Spectrum NAS storage is going to be used as

one or more file shares for user data only, then the following chapter can be skipped and the setup is done.

If, however, the storage (or part of the storage) is to be used as an NFS datastore for guest VM’s, proceed

with the following steps.

Step 1: Go to the Management Tool and select Cluster Name > File system tab > File system. Under your

domain, right-click on File system and choose Add New Folder. Name the folder “data”. Repeat the process

and create another new folder named “vm”.

The data folder will act as a shared storage for all User VMs, while the vm folder is where the actual system

data of the User VMs are located.

Step 2: Right-click File System in the tree view and remove the file share that was initially configured to it by

selecting Remove file share.


20

Step 3: Add a file share for the data folder, enter its details like file share name and protocols that would be

used to access the file share. Click Apply.

Add a share for the vm folder. This share must support NFS. The following settings are mandatory due to

ESXi: “Allow Root Access” and “Use 32-bit inodes”.

Proceed with the following section: Mounting the file share to VMware.


21

Mounting the file share to VMware

The “vm” file share needs to be added to the /etc/hosts file on each ESXi host so that all storage nodes are

available as one single datastore.

Step 1: First, you need to add a line in the /etc/hosts file of each VMware host. SSH to the VMware host,

edit the /etc/hosts file with a file editor (for example ‘vi’) and add the following line at the end of the file:

Replace “public-ip” with the public IP address that you have configured previously when you created the IBM

Spectrum NAS file system. In the example below, one line was added to the /etc/hosts file for an IBM

Spectrum NAS VM configured with the IP address 192.168.12.21 (however, to reach the VMware host where

the /etc/hosts file is located, you need to SSH to the IP address of the VMware host, which in this example is

172.16.7.29).

Note: The ESXI servers should have a VMkernel adaptor on the same network as the IBM

Spectrum NAS's public interface. If the default VMkernel adaptor vmk0 used for ESXI

management is on another subnet, then a separate VMkernel adaptor can be created

for NFS traffic. Otherwise, the traffic is routed in the network, increasing latency.

Repeat the updating of the /etc/hosts file on all VMware hosts. The IBM Spectrum NAS VM IP addresses

added to the /etc/hosts files should be different on each host, reflecting the public IP of the VM that runs on

that particular host. In our example, the new /etc/hosts entry added on VMWare host 172.16.7.30 would be

“192.168.12.22 vnas”, for 172.16.7.31 it would be “192.168.12.23 vnas”, and so forth.

public-ip vnas

[root@esxi729:~] cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost.localdomain localhost

172.16.7.29 esxi729

192.168.12.21 vnas

[root@esxi729:~] _


22

Step 2: Next, you will create a new datastore in VMware for the vm share. In the vSphere Client, right-click

the Datacenter, then Storage > New Datastore.

Step 2.1: In the Type window, select NFS and click Next.


23

Step 2.2: Select NFS 3 which is mandatory for IBM Spectrum NAS stored ESXi VMs. NFS 4 is not supported.

Click Next.

Step 2.3: In the Name and configuration screen, give the datastore a name (in our example,

DatastoreNFS), write the path to the NFS share in the Folder field (in our example, /vm) and write vnas in

the Server field (the name from step 1). Click Next.


24

Step 2.4: Check all VMware hosts in your datacenter and click Next.

Step 2.5: Review the configuration and click Finish. You are done.


25

IBM Spectrum NAS Support

The support service is available to answer your questions by email, phone or web, based on your support

offering.

To get help on troubleshooting, please contact your technical support.

Please note that providing us with background information will help us to do preliminary research to

understand your issue better and to make a more efficient interaction possible. We would, therefore, ask

you to provide the following information when you send a support request:

Cluster ID.

Software version of all relevant software.

An approximation of time when the issue first occurred.

Whether the issue is reproducible.

Steps taken so far to solve the problem.

Your location Method of contacting the IBM Support Center In the United States Call 1-800-IBM-SERV for support.

Outside the United States Contact your local IBM Support Center or see the

Directory of worldwide contacts.

https://www.ibm.com/planetwide/


26

Creating RDMs

The disks that you would like to use for IBM Spectrum NAS cache and storage should be configured as PCI

passthrough, as described in part 1 of this setup guide: Configuring PCI adapter for passthrough. If this is

not an option, RDMs can be used.

RDMs must be created manually. Once you have created the RDM files, you will later add them to your IBM

Spectrum NAS VMs.

Step 1: Establish an SSH connection to your VMware host and list the disks with the command

ls -l /dev/disks

You should see a list of vml ids and their corresponding disk ids.

Step 2: Make a list of all the vml ids that correspond to the disks you want to add to your IBM Spectrum

NAS VM. You can ignore the ones that end with a colon (:) followed by a number, as they represent

partitions and not the actual disk devices. When you are done, your list could look like this:

vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722a10b103044d5239323731

vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722a10b31db94d5239323731

vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722d10dd55174d5239323731

Step 3: When you have the list, create a new folder on your VMware host with the command

mkdir /vmfs/volumes/name-of-local-volume/RDMs

Then navigate to the newly created folder with the command

cd /vmfs/volumes/name-of-local-volume/RDMs

For example:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea60ffd342e34d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea60ffd342e3

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea60ffe0cded4d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea60ffe0cded

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea61ffef68754d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea61ffef6875

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea62ffff5d524d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea62ffff5d52

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea63000ec8b04d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea63000ec8b0

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea65001fe9014d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea65001fe901

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea6600313de44d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea6600313de4

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b0068b49501cb7ea670041f9a64d5239323731 -> naa.600605b0068b49501cb7ea670041f9a6

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722a10b103044d5239323731 -> naa.600605b007137f501d5c722a10b10304

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722a10b31db94d5239323731 -> naa.600605b007137f501d5c722a10b31db9

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722b10c054664d5239323731 -> naa.600605b007137f501d5c722b10c05466

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722c10cde5e14d5239323731 -> naa.600605b007137f501d5c722c10cde5e1

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Sep 9 06:59 vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722d10dd55174d5239323731 -> naa.600605b007137f501d5c722d10dd5517

[root@esxi729:~] mkdir /vmfs/volumes/local729/RDMs

[root@esxi729:~] cd /vmfs/volumes/local729/RDMs

[root@esxi729:/vmfs/volumes/55c8936c-71d0b62e-b90e-00259091d3a4/RDMs] _


27

Step 4: Here, you create the RDM file with the command

vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.xxx RDMyyy.vmdk -a lsilogic

Replace the xxx with the actual vml id and the yyy with an id that will help you easily recognize your RDM file

later. For example, your command may look like this (no line breaks)

vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks

/vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722a10b103044d5239323731 RDM0.vmdk -a lsilogic

Repeat until you have created an RDM file for each disk on the host that you want to add to your IBM

Spectrum NAS VM, e.g. RDM0, RDM1, and so on.

You can verify that you successfully created the RDM file(s) by running the command ls. You should see the

file(s) in the directory, for example RDM0.vmdk

Note: NVMe is required for cache. For performance, this device should be configured as PCI

passthrough. If this is not possible, keep track of the RDM files that correspond to the

devices intended for cache.

For all the hosts, repeat steps 1-4 until you have created an RDM file for each disk that you want to add to

your IBM Spectrum NAS VM.

[root@esxi729:/vmfs/volumes/55c8936c-71d0b62e-b90e-00259091d3a4/RDMs] vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/

disks/vml.0200000000600605b007137f501d5c722a10b103044d5239323731 RDM0.vmdk -a lsilogic

[root@esxi729:/vmfs/volumes/55c8936c-71d0b62e-b90e-00259091d3a4/RDMs] ls

RDM0-rdm.vmdk RDM0.vmdk

[root@esxi729:/vmfs/volumes/55c8936c-71d0b62e-b90e-00259091d3a4/RDMs] _


28

Troubleshooting

Disks not visible

An issue could appear where the disks may not be visible when configuring the node. This could be when

using LSI as a RAID card or a MegaRAID 9271 controller card. To solve this situation, do the following:

Log on to the host through a terminal and open the file passthru.map using your favorite editor, for

example by typing:

vi /etc/vmware/passthru.map

Then add the following line:

1000 005b d3d0 default

The file should now look similar to this:

IBM Spectrum NAS ESXi Configuration | 1.7.1.0

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ibm spectrum nas esxi configuration guide · 2018-10-25 · ibm spectrum nas esxi configuration...

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