ibm corporate service corps - helping create interactive flood maps

© 2011 IBM Corporation

IBM Corporate Service Corps Helping Create Interactive Flood Maps

March 2011

H. J. Schick IBM Germany Research & Development GmbH


Agenda

This presentation will provide an overview and insights into the IBM Corporate Service

Corps program, the flood prediction system and the real-time flood simulation.

We first present the flood level simulation of Metro Manila.

We then describe the architecture of the proof-of-concept in some detail.

In particular, we discuss the long-term goal by combining several on-the-shelf technologies

together, analyzing rainfall data from rain gauges and cloud moistures in satellite images to

finally use a simulation model to predict the flood level.

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Introducing the IBM Corporate Service Corps Program

IBM’s version of the Peace Corps, part of IBM’s Corporate Social Responsibility strategy and

Corporate Volunteering program

Program is funded by the IBM Foundation

Started in July 2008; in 2009, 530 IBMers representing more than 60 countries have worked

on projects in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.

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1. Immersion in strategic emerging markets

2. Develop global teaming and leadership 3. Exposure to diverse cultures 4. Outside of the traditional office 5. Problem solving in challenging &

ambiguous environments 6. Leaders who can deliver a “Smart

Planet”

1. Acquire Global Leadership Skills

2. Develop as Global Citizens

3. Help Organizations in Emerging

Markets to Further Develop & Grow

© 2011 IBM Corporation 5

The “Corporate Service Corps” Experience

• 1 month

• Team-based work focused on core societal, educational and

environmental challenges

• Embedded in local country

The In-Country Experience

• Approximately 2 months

• Share the Service Corps experience with colleagues, family, friends and

your home community

• Connect to IBM’s business development process

Post-service Experience

NGO Partner

• Logistics

• Project planning

• In-country support

Country

• IBM declared growth markets

• Emerging or pre emerging

• Address societal, educational, environmental challenges

• Approximately 3 months

• 40-60 hours of pre work to familiarize participants with language, culture,

socioeconomic and political climate of the destination country

• Team building and leadership development workshops

Preparing for the Experience


Value Proposition: The Triple Benefit

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For the IBMer

• Improve leadership skills and capabilities

• Enrich understanding of core societal issues affecting business

• Help become a global citizen

For IBM, the company

• Stronger footprint in critical emerging markets

• Increased employee satisfaction, and performance

• Brand and reputation enhancement

For the host country / community / society

• The CSC clients will receive pro-bono IBM consulting and subject matter expertise, bringing in business strategy, information technology, sales & marketing, organization change, and other skills to the engagements

• Participants return with a renewed sense of giving and volunteering to serve meaningful causes throughout the world


Carlos P. Romulo was a Filipino diplomat,

politician, soldier, journalist and author.

During the selection of the UN's official seal, he looked over the seal-to-be and asked, "Where is the Philippines?" US Senator Warren Austin, head of the selection committee, explained, "It's too small to include. If we put the Philippines, it would be no more than a dot.” "I want that dot!" insisted Romulo.

Today, a tiny dot between the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea can be found on the UN seal.


Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level

of "human development" and separate developed (high development), developing (middle

development), and underdeveloped (low development) countries.

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Comparison: Germany and the Philippines

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Human Development Index # 10 VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

# 97 MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Life expectancy at birth 80.2 72.3

Mean years of schooling 12.2 8.7

Population 81,471,834 101,833,938

Population growth rate -0.208% 1.903%

GDP (purchasing power parity) $2.96 trillion (#6) $353.2 billion (# 34)

Number of Disasters (2000 – 2009) 31 145 Source: Human Development Report 2010 & International Disaster Database | EM-DAT


Peace, Truth and Justice

Patriotism and Valor

Unity, Freedom and People's Democracy

Symbolize eight provinces to revolt against the Spanish colonizers

Symbolize Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao


Natural Disasters

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Source: International Disaster Database | EM-DAT


typhoon ۬

ty·phoon [taɪˈfun] –noun 1. a tropical cyclone or hurricane of the western Pacific area and the china seas. 2. a violent storm or tempest of India. 3. ( initial capital letter ) Military . a. a single-engine British ground attack aircraft of world War II. b. NATO's name for a class of nuclear-powered Soviet ballistic missile submarine carrying 20 multiwarhead missiles.


Assist humanitarian aid organizations, research institutes and local agencies to enhance early warning systems and to coordinate an effective disaster response using information technology.

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IBM Corporate Service Corps in Manila, Philippines

IBM Corporate Service Corps: Contributing Technology, Services & Expertise to Disaster Preparedness & Response in the Philippines

This year, two global IBM teams arrived in Manila, Philippines with a single mission.

“ „

Background

In the aftermath of the floods caused by Tropical Storm Ondoy (Ketsana) and Typhoon Pepeng (Parma) that affected Metro Manila and its greater Capital Region in September 2009, IBM committed technology, service and expertise to disaster rehabilitation and disaster preparedness efforts.

The CSC teams deployed to the Philippines this year are part of a greater effort by IBM to assist in humanitarian response globally. IBM responded to areas afflicted by natural disaster including the earthquakes in Sichuan province, China and Chile.

National Institute of Geological Sciences

Philippine Institute of Seismology and Volcanology

Philippine Red Cross

*CSC program statistics by end of 2010.

Earlier CSC teams worked in Davao City, Tagbilaran, Bohol, Subic / Zambales, Ilo Ilo and Bacolod.

“CSC Philippines Team 8” Profile

8 IBM employees, 4 weeks in-country

6 Countries: Canada, Germany, India, Slovakia, Switzerland, United States

3 clients

© 2011 IBM Corporation 18 18

Project Highlights

NIGS developed a detailed terrain model and a

flood routing model of Metro Manila.

This Corporate Service Corps project captured

the 2010 Asian Corporate Social Responsibility

Excellence Award for IBM Philippines.

Assist the National Institute of Geological Sciences (NIGS) in the design and development of the “Flood Prediction System” project.

IBM Corporate Service Corps: Helping Create Interactive Flood Maps for a Smarter Philippines

Flood Simulation Input Processing Capitalizes on existing technologies

Recognizes the lack of community awareness and need for an adequate early warning system

Helps skirt the daunting cost involved in flood disaster prevention and planning

Objectives

Determine the hardware and software requirements.

Determine the personnel and project management requirements.

Provide project management to staff on the project.

Innovative Approach to Disaster Risk

Reduction

Interpret cloud moisture data to estimate rainfall amount and direction.

Satellite Image

Hazard Map

Visualize flood depth by creating geometric map overlays to publish on the Internet.

Collect and assemble rainfall measurements

using mobile phone messaging (SMS).

Rainfall Data

Flood Simulation Output Generation


2009 Pacific Typhoon Season in the Philippines

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Ketsana (Ondoy) Parma (Pepeng)

Formed September 23, 2009

Dissipated September 30, 2009

Highest

winds 140 km/h (85 mph)

Damage 244 million USD

Death 464

Formed September 27, 2009

Dissipated October 14, 2009

Highest

winds 195 km/h (120 mph)

Damage 608 million USD

Death 465

Typhoon (JMA)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHS)

Typhoon (JMA)

Category 2 typhoon (SSHS)

Sourc

e:

Wik

ipedia

.com


Ketsana (Ondoy)

Source: Wikipedia.com


Parma (Pepeng)

Source: Wikipedia.com

© 2011 IBM Corporation 22 Source: Wikipedia.com

Severe Tropical Storm Parma interacting with Typhoon Melor on October 7, 2009.

© 2011 IBM Corporation 23 Source: Wikipedia.com

22 official Storms, 13 official Typhoons


National Institute of Geological Sciences

Multi-disciplinary forum for the study of processes that shape the Earth and offers

undergraduate education in geology.

NIGS provides courses at the graduate level in the fields of geochemistry, solid-earth

geophysics, volcanology, volcano-tectonics, marine geology, hydrogeology and

paleontology.

They are the leading earth science research and teaching institution in the Philippines and is

often consulted by the Philippine Senate, Congress and other institutions on issues involving

earth science and public safety.

Examples of these are the recent flooding and landslide event related to the Typhoons

Ondoy and Pepeng, and the potential of earthquake damage due to the Marikina Valley

Fault System.

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Challenges

Driven by increasing demand of flood level prediction in Metro Manila there is a growing

interest in an adequate early warning system.

Combine latest flood simulation tools with basic web mapping service applications and

several on-the-shelf technologies.

Present the simulation result as hazard map to understand and predict the flood level in

Metro Manila.

Do flood level simulation in real-time to alert people before and during an on-going tropical

storm.

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Real-time Flood Simulation

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Elevation Data

Rainfall Data

Internet Webpage

Input Processing Flood Simulation Output Processing

• Digital image processing and analysis of satellite photos.

• Gathering and processing of rainfall data received by rain gauges

• Conversion of geospatial vector data into a XML-based language schema.

• Expressing geographic annotations and visualization of two-dimensional maps.

• NIGS developed a detailed terrain model and flood routing model of Metro Manila.

• Flood Simulation in a flood routing model to

illustrate flood hazards, regulating floodplain zoning or designing flood mitigation.

• Create and configure “flood simulation” project, execute simulation, post-process grid elements and topographical data into a max flow depth map.


Hazard Maps with Low Zoom Level

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Low zoom level to reroute emergency rescue teams around flooded areas and improve the planning of disaster preparedness, response and recovery teams.

> 1.5 m

0.5 – 1.5 m

0.1 – 0.5 m

HIGH FLOOD HAZARD

MODERATE FLOOD HAZARD

LOW FLOOD HAZARD


Hazard Maps with Detailed Zoom Level

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High and more detailed zoom level to warn people in which areas the flood might occur and visualize areas that needs to be evacuated.

> 1.5 m

0.5 – 1.5 m

0.1 – 0.5 m

HIGH FLOOD HAZARD

MODERATE FLOOD HAZARD

LOW FLOOD HAZARD


Input Processing with Satellite Images

Step 1: Image Acquisition

Download satellite images from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)1 or Ensemble Tropical Rainfall Potential (eTRAP)2.

Step 2: Preprocessing

Processes input data to produce output that is used as input to another program. Operations of preprocessing prepare data for subsequent

analysis that attempts to correct or compensate systematic image errors.

Step 3: Segmentation

Partitioning a digital image into multiple segments to simplify and change the representation of an image into something that is more meaningful

and easier to analyze.

Step 4: Representation & Description

Object has to be represented by its boundary and the object boundary has to be described by its length, orientation number of concavities, etc.

Step 5: Recognition and Interpretation

Analyzing cloud moistures to estimate its movement and the amount of possible rainfall.

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1 TRMM: http://trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov 2 eTRaP: http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/PS/TROP/etrap.html


Example Satellite Images

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Input Processing of Rainfall Data Received by Rain Gauges

Step 1: Data Acquisition and Combining

Request rainfall data from rain gauges installed at cell sites. The request and result will be send via a single SMS messages and will be stored in

a database.

Step 2: Data Combining

Combine former and current rainfall date of several cell sites to create a detailed overview of a certain region in the Philippines (e.g. Metro

Manila).

Step 3: Recognition and Interpretation

Detect amount of rainfall for certain areas and its dedicated grid elements.

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Output Processing

Step 1: Conversion of Coordinate System

– Convert from grid base Universal Traverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system into Google Earth internal geographic coordinates (latitude /

longitude) on the World Geodetic System. The coordinates are stored in a geospatial vector data file, which is produced by the flood simulation

software .

Step 2: Polygon Creation Based on Flood Depth

– Read and create polygons and categorize them according the flood depth in different ranges. Every range will have a specified color depending

on the specified color scheme.

Step 3: Encoding of XML Schemas

– Save all converted coordinates and created polygons in a XML-based language schema. This language scheme will include place marks,

images, polygons and the corresponding color scheme for expressing the different flood level. The file can be visualized via existing Internet

based, two-dimensional mapping services, such as Google Earth or Google Maps.

Step 4: Design a Webpage to Embed XML Schema

– Design a (dynamic) HTML and Javascript based webpage to embedded the encoded XML Schema. This webpage can be used to reroute

emergency rescue teams around flooded areas, improve the planning of disaster preparedness, response and recovery teams, as well as it

warns people in which areas the flood might occur.

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Software Requirements

Input Processing

and

Flood Simulation

Output Processing

Data Encoding • Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)

• Ensemble Tropical Rainfall Potential (eTRAP)

• NEXRAD Rainfall Data ASCII Format

• ESRI Shapefile or simply a “shapefile” is a popular

geospatial vector data format for geographic

information systems software.

• Keyhole Markup Language (KML) is a XML-based

language schema for expressing geographic annotation

and visualization on existing or future Internet-based,

two-dimensional maps.

Programming and Scripting

Languages

• Java Development Kit (JDK)

• Microsoft Windows Scripting Host (WSH)

• HyperText Markup Language (HTML), is the

predominant markup language for web pages.

• JavaScript is an object-oriented scripting language.

• Java Development Kit (JDK)

• PHP Hypertext Processor is a widely used, general-

purpose scripting language that was originally designed

for web development to produce dynamic web pages.

Client and Server Applications • FLO-2D is a two-dimensional flood routing model

software to do flood hazard mitigation and planning.

• Apache HTTP Server is an open-source HTTP server

for modern operating systems.

• MySQL is a relational database management system.

Operating Systems • Microsoft Windows XP, 7 or Windows Server 2008

R2 Standard.

• Linux

Application Programming

Interface

• Not Applicable • Google Maps is as a basic web mapping service

application.

• GeoTools is a open source Java geographic

information system toolkit.

• JTS Topology Suite is providing spatial object model

and fundamental geometric functions.

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Hardware Requirements

Input Processing

and

Flood Simulation

Output Processing

Basic System Configuration x3650 M2

• Xeon 4C E5506 80W 2.13GHz/800MHz/4MB L3

• 2x2GB

• O/Bay 2.5in HS SAS

• SR BR10i

• Multi-Burner

• 675W p/s

x3650 M2

• Xeon 4C E5506 80W 2.13GHz/800MHz/4MB L3

• 2x2GB

• O/Bay 2.5in HS SAS

• SR BR10i

• Multi-Burner

• 675W p/s

Additional Processor + Intel Xeon 4C Processor Model E5506 80W

2.13GHz/800MHz/4MB L3

Additional Memory + 2GB (1x2GB) Dual Rank x8 PC3-10600 CL9 ECC

DDR3-1333 LP RDIMM

+ 2GB (1x2GB) Dual Rank x8 PC3-10600 CL9 ECC

DDR3-1333 LP RDIMM

Storage + ServeRAID-MR10i SAS/SATA Controller

+ IBM 146GB 2.5in SFF Slim-HS 10K 6Gbps SAS

HDD

+ ServeRAID-MR10i SAS/SATA Controller

+ IBM 160GB 2.5in SFF Slim-HS 7.2K NL SATA HDD

Additional Power Supply + Redundant 675W Power supply + Redundant 675W Power supply

Operating System + Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard (1-4 CPU, 5

CAL) ROK - ML (BR,EN,FR,SP)

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Note: The system configuration above is an initial example needed by the long-term flood simulation implementation.


“Simple things should be simple, complex things

should be possible.”


Example: Human Centered Design

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Human-Centered Design (HCD) is a process and a set of techniques used to create new solutions for the world. When we say solutions, we mean products, services, environments, organizations, and modes of interaction.

Source: http://www.ideo.com/


“Don’t focus just on the facts; get personal.”


Example: Team Building

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Source: http://www.pentaeder.de


“Open yourself to the totality of experience; be

agile and flexible!”


Source: http://www.dilbert.com/


“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”


Thank you very much for your attention.