ib chemistry transition metal complexes, coloured complex ions and splitting of 3d orbitals
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IB Chemistry Transition metal complexes, coloured complex ions and splitting of 3d orbitalsTRANSCRIPT
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http://lawrencekok.blogspot.com
Prepared by Lawrence Kok
Video Tutorial on Properties of Transition Metals, Complex ions and splitting of d orbitals for colour formation .
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Transition Metals – d block elements with half/partially filled d orbitals
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Properties of Transition metals • Coloured Complexes
• Variable oxidation states• Catalytic Properties
• Complex ions
Taken from:http://elementalolympics.wordpress.com/2011/02/28/variable-oxidation-states-and-catalysts/
Taken from:http://alevelchem.com/aqa_a_level_chemistry/unit3.5/s354/02.htm
Taken from:http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/transition/features.html
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Properties of Transition Metals – Variable Oxidation State
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Properties of Transition Metals – Complex ions formation
Drawing complex ion• Overall charged on complex ion metal• Metal ion in the center (+ve charged)• Ligands attached• Dative bonds from ligands
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Complex ions with diff metal ions, diff ligands, oxidation state and overall charged
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How to name Complex ions and its ligands
Naming of Copper (II) Complexes
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Strong ligand displaces weaker ligand
Complex ions with different ligands – different colours
Copper with ligand water – BlueCopper with ligand ammonia – Deep BlueCopper with ligand chloride - Yellow
Cobalt with ligand water – PinkCobalt with ligand chloride - Blue
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Taken from: http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2003/rogers/998/chemlab.htm
Properties of Transition Metals – Coloured Complexes
Why transition metals ion complexes have different colour?Why Titanium (III) ion is violet ?
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Splitting of 3d orbitals by ligands – allow electronic transition from lower to higher state
Colour formation due to splitting of 3d orbitals by ligands
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Ti 3+ transmit blue/violet region BUT absorb green/orange/red
Ti 3+ violet due to absorption of green/yellow region to excite electrons to higher orbital level
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Cu 2+ transmit blue/violet region BUT absorb green/orange/red
Cu 2+ blue due to absorption of green/yellow to excite electrons to higher level
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Transition metal have different colours due to• splitting of 3d orbitals• presence of ligands which causes splitting• partially filled 3d orbitals
CuSO4 (anhydrous) without ligands - Colourless
Why some are colourless ?
Cu 2+ anhydrous – colourlessCu 1+ hydrous – colourlessZn 2+ hydrous – colourlessSc 3+ hydrous – colourlessCu 2+ hydrous - colour
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Zn 2+ ion with ligand water - Colourless
Sc 3+ ion with ligand water - Colourless
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Cu 2+ ion with ligand water – Colour Blue
Cu 1+ ion with ligand water - Colourless
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Taken from:http://comp.chem.umn.edu/itccd/Catalytics.html
Catalyst speed up reaction by
Taken from:http://gcserevision101.wordpress.com/chemistry-c3/
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Uses of catalyst
Video on colour formation due to different ligands with different metals ionClick here to view
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Acknowledgements
Thanks to source of pictures and video used in this presentation
Thanks to Creative Commons for excellent contribution on licenseshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/
Prepared by Lawrence Kok
Check out more video tutorials from my site and hope you enjoy this tutorialhttp://lawrencekok.blogspot.com