iafs 1000 human rights: the pinochet prosecutions
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IAFS 1000 Human Rights: The Pinochet Prosecutions. Outline. What are human rights (HR)? What are HR violations? Case study: Pinochet regime (Chile). What are Human Rights (HR)?. Civil and political human rights Economic and social human rights. UN Role in Protecting Human Rights. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
IAFS 1000
Human Rights:The Pinochet Prosecutions
Outline
• What are human rights (HR)?• What are HR violations?• Case study: Pinochet regime (Chile)
What are Human Rights (HR)?
• Civil and political human rights• Economic and social human rights
UN Role inProtecting Human Rights
• 1945: UN Charter• 1948: Universal Declaration of HR• 1948: Convention on Genocide• 1952: Conv. on Rights of Women• 1959: Conv. on Rights of the Child• 1960: Convention on Independence to Colonial
Countries• 1964: Conv. on Racial Discrimination
UN Role (cont)• 1966: Core treaties: on Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights and on Civil and Political Rights
• 1967: Convention on Discrimination of Women
• 1975: Convention on Torture and Punishment• 1981: Convention on Religious Intolerance
and Discrimination
Universal Declaration of HR (1948)
• Article 5.No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
• Article 9.No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
• Article 19.Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.
Universal Declaration of HR (cont)
• Article 20.(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.(2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
• Article 25.(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/americas/south_america_pol98.jpg
HR Violations:The Caseof Chile
The Case of Chile• 1970 election of Marxist President Allende• Sept 11, 1973 coup led by General Augusto
Pinochet• US support
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1022347.stmPresident Allende
(elected 1970)General Pinochet
Coup in Chile: September 11, 1973
Troops surround the Presidential PalaceDuring 1973 Coup
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1022347.stm
Guidance Cable toCIA’s SantiagoStation Chief,October 16, 1970
All declassified documents fromNational Security Archive<www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/>
Options Paper for Nov 5, 1970NSC Meeting on Chile:Fears of a South AmericanDomino Effect
The Case of Chile• Persecution of pol opponents• 1978 amnesty
Dancing “La Cueca,”Traditional CourtshipDance, Alone(March 8, 1978)
http://www.derechoschile.com/derechos/dictadura_victimas_eng.html
Families of the “disappeared” (December 1988)
http://www.pbs.org/weta/forcemorepowerful/chile/
The Case of Chile• 1989: Pinochet voted out of power• 1990 Truth and Reconciliation Commission:
concluded that 3,197 people had disappeared, been extrajudicially executed, or died under torture between 1973 and 1990