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.YTECAN-ENGLHCHEMICAL ANDTIY Covers all modern theoretical physics GENTLEMEN.YTECHNICAL DICTIONARY emphasizing related concepts rather than Please send me the book(s) I havemilla Ignatiev Callaham applications. checked below to read and use freea technical man's general dictionary." Vol. 1, Classical Physics and Relativity for ten days. (Restricted to the conti-highly regarded book has been up- Includes mathematical methods (vectors, nental U.S. and Canada.) At the endjd to contain over 100,000 Russian tensors, matrices), classical mechanics of that time, if am satisfied with myds, phrases, abbreviations, units of of particles, rigid bodies and continua, order, I will send you the amount indi-sure, etc. Complete coverage of tech- electrodynamics, special and general cated for each book received plusIs words for chemistry and related relativity, and unified field theories. postage and handling. Otherwise will,iplines plus general vocabulary a. 1975, approx. 400 pp., $21.95 (tent.) return the book(s) and owe nothing.ds so that no other dictionary need Vol. 2, Quantum Theory and Statistical E SAVE MONEY: If you include pay-:onsulted. Methods ment (plus sales tax where applicable)5, approx. 896 pp., $34.95 Covers non-relativistic quantum mechan- we pay postage and handling charges.

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COLOGICAL DIVERSITYquantum field theory, thermodynamics, guarantee.

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ther the relative abundances of a 7 THE VOLUNTEE SUBECT f Bill me. O Bill company.imunity's species obey any discover- 7.etH VOLUNE R SUBJCT | O Check enclosed.laws; how diversity and "evenness" RobertRosenthal &Ralph L. Rosnow Hurd 0-471-42220-7be measured; the effect of environ- How do you deal with the problem of vol- E 2. Hurd,h0-471-47220-7

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ITRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICAL 1975, 266 pp., $14.95 I 7. Rosenthal & Rosnow,LOGY 0-471-73670-8Rubinow 8. COMPUTERS IN NEUROBIOLOGY EK* 8. Soucek & Carlson,first text to bring together the mathe- AND BEHAVIOR 0-471-81389-3iical ideas and models which have an Branko Soucek & Albert D. Carlson Please send me a list of local book-gral place in modern biology. Re- Bridges the gap betwen life science and stores carrying your titles.es the mystery surrounding the quan- computer science. Describes basic pro-ive approach to biology. gramming, signal processing, data col- Name5, approx. 400 pp., $22.00 lection, analyzing and simulation. Con- acentrates on computer applications for Affiliation

HE MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE biological problems such as: biological AddressHE MEAUREMEN OF AIBORNE signals; codes and messages, and teirITICLES use for communication between and City/State/Zipard D. Cadle within living organisms. *A Forthcoming Book. Do not sendtheory, techniques and equipment 1975, approx.,352 pp., $20.00 (tent.) payment. We will bill you later.the measurement of particles sus-Jed in gases, especially in air (aerosol Prices subject to change without)ensions). Useful in the selection, de- WILEY-INTERSCIENCE notice.,pment, and use of air pollution re- a division ofJOHN WILEY& SONS Inc. In Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Canada, Ltd.ch and control equipment. \J. o5ThirdAvenueNewyorkNylbol6 22 Worcester Road, Rexdale, Ontario

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MEASUREMENTsCOMPUTATION advances from Hewlett-Packard

At right, scope displaysthe 1600A's state space

mapping mode.Inset at left shows

the scope in tabulardisplay mode.

Simplify troubleshooting in the data domain.

Two new Hewlett-Packard logic state analyzers,triggered and indexed on digital words, prove a

real boon to those who debug, test, and trou-bleshoot digital systems.

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which data word the breakdown occurred. Unlesshe can monitor the parallel data streams-bit by bitand word for word, the same way the system com-

ponents see them-all the time and frequency do-main test instruments in the world will do himlittle good.To help him operate efficiently in the data domain,HP has introduced two new logic stateanalyzers-Models 1600A and 1607A-that can

capture the flow of digital data in 16 or 32 parallelchannels, at clock speeds up to 20 MHz. Both in-struments permit display of the data in easy-to-read word format, as a succession of l's and O's on a

CRT screen.

To the digital system troubleshooter, the most im-portant contribution of these logic state analyzersis that they allow him a full choice of data analysistechniques to meet the requirements of the task athand. With pushbutton ease, he can quickly ac-

complish any of the following:Page through a system 16 words at a time atmachine speed, to trace data flow.746

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* Capture a 16-word window any desirednumber of clock pulses from a trigger word, tofollow branching operations.

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a Automatically halt and store active data whenit does not match a stored table-a great helpwhen trying to find intermittent malfunctions.

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The 1600A has a built-in display and costs $4000*.The 1607A costs $2750* and provides an analogoutput for use with a separate, conventional scope,converting that scope to a logic state analyzer. Italso has digital outputs that are used to expand the1600A to 32-bit or dual-clock capability.

SCIENCE, VOL. 189

HP-65 in space with Apollo-Soyuz.

The American astronauts calculated criticalcourse-correction maneuvers on their HP-65programmable hand-held during the rendez-vous of the U.S. and Russian spacecraft.

Twenty-four minutes before the rendezvous inspace, when the Apollo and Soyuz were 12 milesapart, the American astronauts corrected theircourse to place their spacecraft into the same orbitas the Russian craft. Twelve minutes later, theymade a second positioning maneuver just prior tobraking, and coasted in to linkup.In both cases, the Apollo astronauts made thecourse-correction calculations on their HP-65. Hadthe on-board computer failed, the spacecraft notbeing in communication with ground stations atthe time, the HP-65 would have been the only wayto make all the critical calculations. Using complexprograms of nearly 1000 steps written by NASAscientists and pre-recorded on magnetic programcards, the astronauts made the calculations au-tomatically, quickly, and with ten-digit accuracy.The HP-65 also served as a backup for Apollo'son-board computer for two earlier maneuvers. Itsanswers provided a confidence-boosting double-check on the coelliptic (85 mile) maneuver, and theterminal phase initiation (22 mile) maneuver,which placed Apollo on an intercept trajectorywith the Russian craft.Periodically throughout their joint mission, theApollo astronauts also used the HP-65 to calculate

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borne and his associates showed that thetrack structure in the emulsion was con-

sistent with the monopole explanation, butnot with the superheavy nucleus.

While this evidence appears convincing,researchers will remain skeptical untilmore data and hopefully more mono-

poles are available. For example, implaus-ible though it may seem, an electricallycharged particle with a Z of about 70 and a

mass of 10,000 protons could also havecaused the observed track. Some physi-cists, including Owen Chamberlain ofthe University of California's LawrenceBerkeley Laboratory who has had a

chance to examine the experimental re-

sults, believe that there is a small but non-

negligible chance that a less massivecharged particle could have caused the ob-served detector response. If the particlesuffered one or more collisions that causedit to lose some of its charge as it passedthrough the Lexan, the damage would ap-

proximate the uniform damage expectedfor a monopole.Other scientists, such as Luis Alvarez

of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory whowas involved in the search for monopolesin the moon rocks, want to know why pre-

vious attempts to find monopoles failed.More than one unsuccessful monopolehunter suggested that monopoles with thecharge, mass, and velocity reported byPrice and his colleagues ought also to havebeen detected in their experiments. It is im-portant that this question have a satis-factory answer because the effective col-lecting power (measured in square meter-

years) of the other experiments exceedsthat of the balloon experiments by about a

factor of 105. It is to be noted, however,that this large collecting power is based on

the assumption of certain properties ofmonopoles that have not been verified.The best answer would be to catch a

monopole or at least obtain more mono-

pole tracks. Price, Osborne, and their as-

sociates are looking into the possibility ofan expanded balloon experiment embody-ing perhaps 50 balloons with 40 square

meter detectors. Antarctica might be a

good location for the search, they suggest,because the continuous sunshine in thesummer there would enable balloons to bekept aloft for long periods.

Regardless of whether the present reportof a magnetic monopole is confirmed byfuture experiments, it might be wise to re-

call what Dirac noted in his original paper:since the possibility of the existence of

monopoles is not precluded by quantummechanics, it would be surprising if naturedid not make use of this possibility.

ARTHUR L. ROBINSONReferences

LETTERS

(Continuedfrom page 750)

and even with colleagues at MIT to vague

hints that an interesting structure had beenobserved in the electron pair spectrum.Some colleagues interpreted my remarksas important news, others did not. B. Rich-ter (a member of the SLAC experimentalteam), who was in Cambridge to give theLoeb lectures at Harvard, did not seem

particularly impressed by my story toldat a cocktail party at the end of October. Inow regret having been so ambiguous inmy remarks and I apologize to him andothers for not being more explicit.

In any case, it became obvious that thenews was spreading through the physicscommunity. On 4 or 5 November, a techni-cian working for a different MIT-LNSgroup at Fermilab remarked in a telephonecall that the Ting group at Brookhavenwas preparing a champagne party to cele-brate their discovery of a new particle. I re-

peatedly urged members of the Ting group

to end this state of "secret publication."The first news of the beautiful SPEAR ex-

periments reached me on 10 November,when D. Frisch relayed the gist of a tele-phone call he had received from SLAC,and 1, in turn, alerted Ting, who was on hisway there.

MARTIN DEUTSCHLaboratory for Nuclear Science,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge 02139

Island Sanctuary

The system of primary wildlife reserves

which A. L. Sullivan and M. L. Shaffer ex-

amine in their article (4 July, p. 13) is an

essential system for the ensuring of a diver-sity of plant and animal species in the fu-ture. They rightly point out the need for a

hierarchy in developing such reserves.

I should like to offer a reserve, an estab-lished sanctuary, a coral atoll in the SouthPacific which is already dedicated to scien-tific research. This atoll. is 5 kilometers indiameter, 700 meters from outer reef to la-goon, and 5 meters above sea level. Twohundred years ago it served as the center ofa Polynesian kingdom.

For those who wish to work in an islandbiogeography environment, the sanctuaryprovides a unique opportunity. Scientistsinterested in working on the atoll are

cordially invited to respond. No grantsare available, but the committee will helpin other ways and housing will be pro-vided.

LAWRENCE L. BARRELL

I. P. B. Price, E. K. Shirk, W. Z. Osborne, L. S. Pin- 15 Oriole Street,

sky, Phys. Rev. Lett., in press. Spring Valley, New York 10977

SCIENCE, VOL. 189

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