I understand the relative size and relationship between the solar system, galaxy, and universe.

I understand the relative size and relationship between the solar system, galaxy, and universe.

Objects in the Universeordered from largest to smallest

Objects in the Universeordered from largest to smallest

LARGEST

Universe

GalaxySolar System

Smallest

The Universe is….

everything that exists

GalaxiesGalaxiesGalaxies are giant structures made of BILLIONS of stars

There are hundreds of billions ofgalaxies in the universe.

Our solar system located in a galaxy called the Milky Way.

Solar systems are located around individual stars in a galaxy.

Solar systems are located around individual stars in a galaxy.

Our solar system is located on the outer edge of a spiral galaxy called the Milky Way.

Which is smaller?

Galaxy or stars Galaxy or stars

Stars or Solar Systems Stars or Solar Systems

Solar Systems or Galaxies Solar Systems or Galaxies

UNIVERSE or Galaxies UNIVERSE or Galaxies

What is a solar system?What is a solar system?

• A region of space where the gravitational force of a star influences all other objects.

• In our solar system, the gravitational pull of the sun keeps the planets in orbit

Our solar systemOur solar system• Our solar system is made up of one star and 8

planets, dwarf planets, comets, asteroids, and moons.

• Our star, the sun, is the largest object in the solar system.

• Our solar system started about 5billion years ago.

• We live on Earth. The third planet from the sun.• Our solar system is in the Milkyway galaxy.

The SunThe Sun• 93,000,000 miles away from Earth• Rotates• Has dark spots that are cooler areas called

Sunspots• Has solar Flares-Large amount of energy leaves

the sun.• has layers• Different layers act different• Sun is made of gas

A planet is….A planet is….

• an object that is a sphere • Revolve around a star• Large enough to have enough gravity to clear

all objects out of it’s orbit• Orbit is on the same plane as other planets in

the solar system

The planets in our solar systemThe planets in our solar system

I can contrast inner and outer planets with respect to size, composition and distances

between orbits.

I can contrast inner and outer planets with respect to size, composition and distances

between orbits.

INNER PLANET OUTER PLANETSCloser to the sun Farther from the sunSmall LargeRocky GasLess mass More massMore Dense (More mass within a given space)

Less Dense(Less mass within a given space)

Close to each other Far from each other

Hotter temperatures Colder temperatureShorter Year Longer YearShorter revolution Longer revolution

Inner Planets vs. Outer PlanetsInner Planets vs. Outer Planets

On a piece of paper, sort the following characteristics into 2 groups. 1: inner planets 2: Outer planets

Small Closer to the sun

Longer year Hotter temperatures

large Farther from the sun

Shorter year Cooler temperatures

Made of gas More gravitational pull

Longer revolution

More dense

Made of rock Less gravitational pull

Shorter revolution

Less dense

Day, Month, YearDay, Month, Year

Day The time it takes for a planet to rotate (spin) once on it’s axis.

Ex. Earth takes about 24hours to rotate one time on it’s axis

Month The time it takes for a moon to revolve one time around a planet.

Ex. The moon revolves around the Earth once every 28 days.

Year The time it takes for a planet to revolve once around the sun.

Ex. The Earth revolves around the sun once every year. An earth year is 365.25 days.

Days, months and years are different for each planet in the solar system.

Key Vocabulary orbit, revolution and rotation

Key Vocabulary orbit, revolution and rotation

Revolution(Revolve)

When one object goes around another object.Ex. Planets revolves around the sunEx. The moon revolves around the earth

Rotation (Rotate)

Spinning on an axisEx. The Earth spins on it’s axis Ex. The moon spins on it’s axis once every 28 days.

Orbit The path an object takes as it revolves around another objectEx. Planets orbit the sun in an elliptical path.

I can describe how the force of gravity maintains orbits within a

solar system.

I can describe how the force of gravity maintains orbits within a

solar system.

What keeps the planets in orbit around the sun?

Gravity is the attractive force between 2 objects. The force of gravity is dependent on the size of the objects & the distance between the 2 objects.

Size: Larger objects with more mass have more gravitational pullEx. Since the sun is the largest object in the solar system, it and has the most gravity of any object in the solar system. All objects in the solar system are trapped in the suns gravitational pull.

Distance: Objects farther away from each other have less gravitational pull. Ex. The moon and the Earth are pulling on each other. However, the Earth is larger and has a greater gravitational pull, so the moon is trapped in Earth’s gravitational pull. However, the moon doesn’t crash into Earth, because it’s pulling on the Earth in the opposite direction. We see evidence of this as tides.

Gravity in action:

Ex. The moon and the Earth are pulling on each other. However, the Earth is larger and has a greater gravitational pull, so the moon is trapped in Earth’s gravitational pull. However, the moon doesn’t crash into Earth, because it’s pulling on the Earth in the opposite direction creating a balance of gravitational force. We see evidence of this as tides.

•

Effects of GRAVITY is observedthroughout the universe!!!!

Effects of GRAVITY is observedthroughout the universe!!!!

• Formation of all objects in space-planets, moons, stars, galaxies

• Keeps the planets in orbit around the sun• Keeps the moons in orbit around the planets• Causes the tides on Earth• Causes the same mass to have different

weights on different planets.