i turn polar bears white and i will make you cry. i make guys have to pee and girls comb their hair....
TRANSCRIPT
I turn polar bears white And I will make you cry. I make guys have to pee And girls comb their hair.
I make celebrities look stupid And normal people look like celebrities.
I turn pancakes brown And make your champagne bubble.
If you squeeze me, I'll pop. If you look at me, you'll pop. Can you answer this riddle?
No.
Our Historical Beginnings White European explorers, traders,
and settlers began making their way to North America in the mid-sixteenth century Mainly French, Dutch, Spanish, Swedes, and
English The English came in largest
numbers and soon controlled the 13 colonies
Landmark English Documents
Magna Carta Trial by jury; Due process by law—protection against taking
life, liberty, or property; Limit on king’s absolute power Petition of Right
Limited the King’s power further Could no longer imprison or punish without lawful judgment
of peers Could not impose marshal law in time of peace Could not require civilians to house troops
English Bill of Rights William and Mary of Orange
No standing army in peace time, except with consent of Congress
Parliament elections be free Fair trial; Freedom from excessive bail; No cruel and
unusual punishment
Landmark English Documents Magna Carta
Meaning “Great Charter” In 1215, a group of barons forced King John
to sign it because they were weary of his military campaigns and heavy taxes
It served as protection from the absolute power of the king—Divine Right. Established that the powers of the monarch are
NOT absolute Originally contained 63 clauses
Magna Carta
Out of 63 clauses, only 3 are still relevant today
1. Guaranteeing the liberties of the English Church
2. Confirming the privileges of the city of London and other towns
3. No free man shall be imprisoned, dispossessed, outlawed, or exiled without the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land
Basic Concepts of Government
Ordered government Governments (states) need to have an “orderly”
relationship with one another Established offices and units of govt that still exist
today: sheriff, grand jury, counties, townships, etc Limited government
Govt is NOT all-powerful. Individuals have rights that can not be taken away—natural rights
Representative government Govt should serve the will of the people People should have a voice in deciding what the
government should/should not do
Establishment of Colonies 1607 – Virginia—the first colony was
founded (Jamestown) 1733 – Georgia—the last colony to
form (Savannah) By 1775, there were 13 separate
colonies Each colony was established by a charter
—a written grant of authority from the king
Three Types of Colonies
Over time, three different types of colonies developed: Royal Colonies
Under direct control of the King
Propriety Colonies Under control of a proprietor—person given a
land grant by the king
Charter Colonies Granted to the colonists directly—they were
largely self-governing
Royal Colonies King named governor, executive Bicameral
Two house system Elected by male property owners All laws had to be approved by Governor
or the Crown Examples: Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Propriety Colonies Established people who received land
grants from the King Government was one chosen by the
owner Unicameral—these colonies used a
one house system Examples: Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland
Charter Colonies Granted by England to the colonists
themselves Almost totally self-governed
Meaning they were not subject to direct scrutiny or control of the Crown
Examples: Rhode Island, Connecticut
Royal Colonies Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Propriety Colonies Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland Charter ColoniesCharter Colonies
Rhode Island, Connecticut
Three Types of Colonies
Royal Colonies Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Propriety Colonies Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland Charter ColoniesCharter Colonies
Rhode Island, Connecticut
Three Types of Colonies
(1754-1763) French and Indian War
War costs $$$$... Heavy taxes were placed onto the
colonists The increase in taxes upset the
colonists But bigger issue was that they had no
“say” in deciding taxes — TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
(1760) King George III
King George III was initially welcomed However, soon became seen as an
autocratic ruler Began to raise taxes to support British
troops in the colonies Many colonists were loyal subjects to Many colonists were loyal subjects to
the crown, but felt that the King and the crown, but felt that the King and Parliament had no right to control Parliament had no right to control their local affairstheir local affairs
Stamp Act of 1765 This was a new set of high taxes on
paper goods Tax stamps were required for certain
business agreements, all legal documents, newspapers, and even playing cards
Although the Act was repealed by Parliament, it stirred up some friction Mob violence and boycotts flared up
Boston Massacre (1770) Boston Tea Party (1773)
Liberty 1: 14:10-24:40
1774 – Intolerable Acts A new set of strict laws passed by
Parliament to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party
Liberty 2: 2:00-3:33
1st and 2nd Continental Congress
After the Intolerable Acts, delegates from every colony (except GA) met in Philadelphia (September, 1774) They composed a Declaration
of Rights and Grievances—a statement of complaints addressed to King George III
Liberty 2: 3:33-10:45
Met again in May 1775 By this time, the Revolutionary War had begun