8/11/2019 Hypocalcaemia ESSAY

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Health

Hypocalcaemia

Calcium is vital for the development of healthy bones and teeth. It plays a

significant role in nerve signal conduction to the brain, muscle contraction, regulation

of the heartbeat and formation of blood clots. So, do you know what is

hypocalcaemia? Hypocalcaemia is the presence of low calcium levels in the blood. A

long term shortage of calcium can lead to osteoporosis. We should be aware of the

symptoms, causes and treatments of hypocalcaemia as it varies from an

asymptomatic biochemical abnormality to a life-threatening disorder.

A shortage of calcium in the blood may cause muscle spasm, which is an

involuntary contraction of a muscle. Muscle spasm occurs suddenly, usually resolves

quickly and is often painful. Besides, congestive heart failure is also one of the

symptoms of hypocalcaemia. The pumping power of the heart becomes weaker and

is inadequate to meet the bodys needs and causes congested lungs, bloated

stomach, nausea, swelling of ankles, increased frequency of urination at night,

dizziness, fatigue, weakness and irregular heartbeats. Other symptoms of

hypocalcaemia are dry coarse skin, hyperpigmentation, eczema, seizures, confusion,

lethargy or sluggishness, tetany and petechia. Individuals who have similar

symptoms are advised to seek medical advice.

Next, doctors must investigate the cause of hypocalcaemia so that treatment

can be given to the patient accordingly. As stated in the website www.clinicalkey.com,

the most common cause of hypocalcaemia is related to parathyroid hormone(PTH)

deficiency and malfunction. Other common causes are chronic kidney disease,

vitamin D deficiency, dietary calcium deficiency, high levels of phosphorus, low levels

of protein albumin and insufficient sun exposure. Blood tests must be carried out on

the patient to check albumin levels and other related factors.

After the cause of hypocalcaemia is determined, treatment will be given.

Hypocalcemia is treated with infusions to restore and replenish calcium levels in the

body. These infusions may be provided by oral supplements or administered

intravenously. If hypocalcemia is due to an underlying medical condition, treatment is

also directed at that specific condition. Hypocalcemia may resolve on its own without

treatment if no symptoms are present.

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In conclusion, hypocalcaemia must not be taken lightly. We should maintain a

diet that is sufficient in vitamin D and calcium. Not only that, we should reduce our

intake of caffeine, such as coffee and tea, as these can have a negative impact on

calcium absorption. As for hypocalcaemic patients, measures to prevent worsening

of symptoms should be taken.

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