hypertension pro

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HYPERTENSIONHYPERTENSION

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Hypertension questionsHypertension questions

1. A blood pressure greater than 140 over 90 (140/90 mmHg) is generally considered too high.

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2. You can usually tell if your blood pressure is too high by the way you feel.

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3. Having one elevated blood pressure reading means than you have high blood pressure.

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4. High blood pressure (sometimes called hypertension) is a major risk factor for heart disease.

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5. If you are being treated for high blood pressure you will need to stay on treatment the rest of your life.

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Leading Risks For Death Leading Risks For Death (World Health Organization (World Health Organization

2002)2002)

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5

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2

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CholesterolCholesterol

AlcoholAlcohol


Tobacco useTobacco use

OverweightOverweight

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What Is Blood Pressure?What Is Blood Pressure?

• Blood pressure is the amount of force on the walls of the arteries as the blood circulates around the body.

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• The upper number is when the heart beats

(Systolic Blood Pressure SBP)• The lower number is when the

heart relaxes (Diastolic Blood Pressure DBP)

What Do The Numbers Mean?What Do The Numbers Mean?

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Measured in mm Hg (millimeters Measured in mm Hg (millimeters of mercury)of mercury)

e.g. 124/82 mm Hg Systolic=124 mm Hg Diastolic= 82 mm Hg

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What is Hypertension ?What is Hypertension ?

It is also called High Blood Pressure (HBP)

Hypertension is a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater

140

90

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Blood pressure category Blood pressure category

Optimal <120 and <80

Normal <130 and <85High normal 130–139 or 85–89

HypertensionStage 1 140–159 or 90–99 Stage 2 160–179 or 100–109 Stage 3 >180 or >110

Optimal <120 and <80

Normal <130 and <85High normal 130–139 or 85–89

HypertensionStage 1 140–159 or 90–99 Stage 2 160–179 or 100–109 Stage 3 >180 or >110

Blood pressure (mmHg)Blood pressure (mmHg)

Systolic

Systolic DiastolicDiastolic

Classification of Blood Pressure for Classification of Blood Pressure for Adults Adults

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What Causes HYPERTENSION ?What Causes HYPERTENSION ?

• 95% ‘not known’• Genetics 40%• Environment 60% (lifestyle)

• 5% underlying disease

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InvestigationsInvestigations

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Your Lifestyle Can Raise Your Your Lifestyle Can Raise Your

Blood PressureBlood Pressure • Sedentary lifestyle• Unhealthy diet

• Too little fresh fruit, fresh vegetables and low fat dairy

products• Too much salt (sodium) and saturated fats

• Being overweight• Excess alcohol• Stress

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Hypertension Is More Common in Hypertension Is More Common in Older PeopleOlder People

% withhypertension 18-34 35-64 65-74

men 10 30 55women 2 20 57

Hypertension in the population varies with age

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

18-34 35-64 65-74

Age in years

% of people with hypertension

men women

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Untreated HypertensionUntreated Hypertension

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What Are the Benefits of Treating What Are the Benefits of Treating

Hypertension?Hypertension?

• Heart attack by 15%

• Heart failure by 50%

• Stroke by 38%

• Death by 10%

For a decrease of 10/5 mm Hg:

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Who Can Help You Control & Who Can Help You Control & Treat Your Hypertension ?Treat Your Hypertension ?

• You• Your family including church• Family doctor• Nurse, dietitian, pharmacist,

psychologist, exercise physiologist• Medical specialist

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How Low Should Your BP Be?How Low Should Your BP Be?

• Most people:• Less than 140/90 mm Hg

• Diabetes or kidney disease

Less than 130/80 mm Hg

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9 Ways to Help Control 9 Ways to Help Control HypertensionHypertension

1.NUTRITION Eat a healthy diet

2. EXERCISE Be active for at least 30 minutes 4-5 times / week

3. WEIGHT Control BMI =20-254. NO ALCOHOL

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. Be active for at least 30 . Be active for at least 30 minutes 4-5 times / weekminutes 4-5 times / week

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9 Ways to Help Control 9 Ways to Help Control Hypertension(Cont..)Hypertension(Cont..)

5. Cut back on salt and processed food

6. Don’t smoke

7. Take time to relax

8. Take medications as prescribed

9. Check your BP at home

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Drugs for HypertensionDrugs for Hypertension

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Antihypertensive DrugsAntihypertensive Drugs(Drugs Used to Treat (Drugs Used to Treat

Hypertension)Hypertension)

risk of death and disabilityUsually do not make you feel betterUsually do not make you feel worseUsually need to be combined to

normalize blood pressure

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Antihypertensive Drugs (Cont.)Antihypertensive Drugs (Cont.)

Are taken for life unless your doctor stops the medication

Need to be continued, even though you feel well

Can interact with alcohol

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If Medication Is Not Taken As If Medication Is Not Taken As DirectedDirected

• BP may not be controlled• Your doctor may prescribe another drug

or increase dosage since they might think the first one didn’t work

• Side effects may be more troublesome• An adverse reaction or event may result

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Effect of Medication Effect of Medication

Too much medicine(Side effects)

Therapeutic zone

Too little medicine

Time

Dru

g C

on

cen

trati

on

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Hints For Using Medication Hints For Using Medication WiselyWisely

• Tailor your medication taking to fit your daily schedule (e.g. when you brush your teeth)

• Monitor your BP to see how well your medications are working

• Use medication according to days on the packaging

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SummarySummary

• Hypertension is a common cause of disability and death

• Hypertension can be prevented and treated by changes in lifestyle

• The problems caused by hypertension can be largely prevented by drug therapy if treatment goals are reached

Blood Pressure Screening Blood Pressure Screening ProgramProgram

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1. A blood pressure greater than 140 over 90 (140/90 mmHg) is generally considered too high.

• TRUE

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2. You can usually tell if your blood pressure is too high by the way you feel.

• FALSE

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3. Having one elevated blood pressure reading means than you have high blood pressure.

• FALSE

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4. High blood pressure (sometimes called hypertension) is a major risk factor for heart disease.

• TRUE

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5. If you are being treated for high blood pressure you will need to stay on treatment the rest of your life.

• TRUE

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