hyper – idea and concept - sintef · 2020. 1. 13. · orequired volume for one 160 000 m 3 ship...
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Hyper – idea and conceptThe Role of Large Scale Hydrogen, Brussels, December 10, 2019
Petter Neksåa,b and David Berstada
a SINTEF Energy Research, Department of Gas Technology, NORWAYb NTNU, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, NORWAY
Contact: Petter Nekså ([email protected]) and David Berstad ([email protected])
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Hyper project idea, large scale hydrogen production for export
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The Hyper concept
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Primary energy sources in Norway
Data source: Statistics Norway, Norsk Petroleum
0
200
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2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
TWh/
a
Hydropower
Wind power
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
CO2
inte
nsity
of L
H 2pr
oduc
tion
[kg/
MW
h HHV]
CO2 intensity of grid electricity [kg/MWh]
CO2 intensity of liquid hydrogen product
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Up-/mid-stream emissions from natural gas production
Indirect CO2 emissions from electricity consumption
Natural gas reforming with 93.4 % CO2 capture+ Liquefaction
16.4 kg/MWhelNorway average (2017, NVE)
Direct CO2 emissions from reforming plant (93.4 % CO2 capture)
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
CO2
inte
nsity
of L
H 2pr
oduc
tion
[kg/
MW
h HHV]
CO2 intensity of grid electricity [kg/MWh]7
Up-/mid-stream emissions from natural gas production
Indirect CO2 emissions from electricity consumption
Water electrolysis+ Liquefaction
Natural gas reforming with 93.4 % CO2 capture+ Liquefaction
16.4 kg/MWhelNorway average (2017, NVE)
Direct CO2 emissions from reforming plant (93.4 % CO2 capture)
CO2 intensity of liquid hydrogen product
CO2 intensity for hydrogen produced in Norway is very low and comparable independent of renewable or fossil source with CCS
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Examples of scale of production
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0.2–1 ton/d(≈ 0.4–2 MW)
Hydrogen fuelling station Domestic use in industry (Tizir, Tyssedal)
30 ton/d(≈ 50 MW)
Production, liquefaction of LH2 for long-distance bulk transport
500 ton/d(> 1000 MW)
x 10–
x 100
Source: Kawasaki Heavy Industries
Scale of the Hyper project
x 15–
x 25
x 500–2500
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In perspective: 500 ton liquid hydrogen per day
• 820 MWHHV hydrogen energy flux
• 7 TWh per year of hydrogen energy output
• Decabonised fossil route (NG with CCS):• < 1 % of annual domestic natural gas production
• Green route (electricity as sole primary energy source):• > 1200 MW electric power• ≈ 10 TWhel annually (about 7 % of annual domestic
power generation)9
Source: Kawasaki Heavy Industries
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Scale and duty requirements –production volume rate and storage
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• Envisioned production volume: 500 tons per dayo Required volume for one 160 000 m3 ship loading every 3 weeks (16 calls annually)o Comparison, Snøhvit LNG plant: 60–70 calls per year
• Energy flux in the hydrogen product stream:o 5.8 kg/s * 142 MJHHV/kg ≈ 820 MWHHV
• Corresponds to about 7 TWh per year of energy output• Theoretical minimum storage volume: 160 000 m3. Sketch below indicates size of 5 aligned 40 000 m3
spherical LH2 storage tanks (200 000 m3)
≈ 45 m
Prospective LH2 carrier4 x 40 000 m3
11 000 t
LH2 truck< 50 m3
< 3.5 t
40 000 m3
2 800 t
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H2network
Heatingnetwork
Electric grid
Heat pump Electric boiler
Electrolyser
Fuel cell
H2 burnerFuel cell
Heat-to-power
PEM / SOEC electrolyser integration
H2 GT/engine
© Hanne Kauko, SINTEF Energi
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Summary
• Norway has a large potential for hydrogen export
• Mid-term: Low-emission hydrogen in the GW range could be made from natural gas with CCS
• Long-term: Increasing potential from renewable power
• Both sources can give very low net CO2 emissions
• Hydrogen from fossil and renewable sources can be exported through common infrastructure
• Hydrogen production and export from Norway may be an emerging option of interest for:
• valorisation of domestic energy resources
• realising new industrial-scale CO2 capture and storage projects
• contributing to reductions in global CO2 emissions within power, heating, transport and industries
• Let us find the optimal balance between the options available to obtain a quick, secure and affordabletransition
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Teknologi for et bedre samfunn