Hydrologic Balance in the Mexico Valley

Hydrologic Balance in the Mexico ValleyFernando Almada Calvo

1Closed hydrologic system, situated in Central Mexico.Mexico City and PachucaArea: 9,611km2 (1.5 times the area of Delaware)What and where is the Mexico Valley? (Also called Anahuac: Nahuatl for Close to water )

Mexico CityCity of PachucaPopocatepetl(5384 m/17664 ft)

2Less that 1% of territory.19 million people live in the Valley (20%)1/3 of Mexicos GNP is concentrated thereDensity: Averaged in valley:~2,000 hab/km2Why is this important?

NYC :~9,000 hab/km2Mexico City:~5,000 hab/km23Perform a hydrologic mass balance on the Mexico ValleyEstimate the power needed to pump water from the Cutzamala System to the Mexico Valley.ObjectivesMexico ValleyInflowsOutflows

4

FilledRaw-=5

Balance diagramSurface water or in engineered systemsGroundwater6National Institute of Geography and Statistics (INEGI)River shapefilesWater bodiesNational Water Commission (CNA)Water use and consumptionWater flow in drainage systemWater technology Institute (IMTA)Daily precipitation data (1978-1998)EvapotranspirationShuttle Radar Topography MissionDEM

Data acquisition

7Precipitation(mm/year)

Precipitation:6,347 Mm3/year8Pan Evaporation andEvapotranspiration (mm/year)Name of waterbodyArea km2Tecocomulco Lagoon26.19048Zumpango Lagoon18.15263Texcoco Lake9.104374Guadalupe Reservoir4.532924Marin reservoir0.881915

Evapotranspiration: 5,001 Mm3/year(Contreras et al)9Balance diagramImports600 Mm3/year(CNA)Precipitation6,347 Mm3/yearEvapotranspiration5,002 Mm3/yearOutflow from the valley1,861 Mm3/year(CNA)Use2,449 Mm3/year(IMTA)GroundwaterDV=-992 Mm3/yearSuperficial Water bodiesEvaporation from water bodies~100Mm3/year1639(IMTA)210(IMTA)698Runoff ratio 0.116471692Unknown Losses~67Mm3/year(Unknown or illegal use?)Losses during use917 Mm3/year(IMTA)1532(IMTA)32953910

11

12Locate in map reservoirs and canals of Cutzamala system.Calculate the energy required for pumping 19m3/sec of water to the Mexico Valley.Write ReportWork to do13Questions?

14