hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

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Page 1: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Hydrogen, fueling the sun Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars today, fueling our cars

tomorrowtomorrow

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Page 2: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

How it worksHow it works

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Page 3: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Benefits Benefits

Environmentally friendly Potentially less expensive

and more efficient Alternate source of energy Completely replaces

gasoline in transportation Stabilize the economy

Page 4: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

NegativesNegatives

Expensive in the beginningNeeds more advances in storage of

hydrogenNeeds advances in producing hydrogenNeeds advances in the membraneThere is not a nationwide refueling

infrastructure

Page 5: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Environmentally FriendlyEnvironmentally Friendly

Does not create any greenhouse gases

Does not cause global warming

Only byproduct is water vapor

Page 6: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Needs Advances in producing Needs Advances in producing HydrogenHydrogen

Currently the production from natural gas and petroleum creates greenhouse gases

Two other ways to make hydrogen are through electrolysis by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, or through a thermochemical reaction in nuclear power plants

Page 7: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

ContinuedContinued

Electrolysis involves adding electricity to water, which separates the hydrogen and oxygen

hydrogen created without greenhouse gases as byproduct.

However no industry of large scale exist

Page 8: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

ContinuedContinued

Heat from nuclear reaction creates a thermochemical reaction that split water molecules into base elements.

In addition the electricity created by the power plant can be used to create more hydrogen through electrolysis.

However, dangers of a nuclear power plants have stifled this idea.

Page 9: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Cost and efficiencyCost and efficiency

1 gallon of gas = 1kg of hydrogen 1kg of hydrogen = 75 miles, 1 gallon of gas costs $4, 1 kg hydrogen costs $6-$10. However hydrogen

could potentially cost only $2-$4 per kg. Current gasoline engines work at 30% efficiency Hydrogen fuel-cells work upwards of 50%

efficiency.

Page 10: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

ContinuedContinued

Hydrogen stored in tanks that will hold 2.5 to 3.5 kg. and go about 200 miles

Desired distance is about 400 miles.Scientist have 3 theories as to how they can

double the amount of storage of hydrogen.

Page 11: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

continuedcontinued

Liquid statePressurized stateCompressed gas stateHowever, they have not made much

progress in perfecting any of these states.

Page 12: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

continuedcontinued

Another problem is the membrane.1) The membrane is currently very

expensive to produce 2) The membranes are not as efficient as

they could be3) The membrane only lasts 2,000 hours, it

needs to be around 4,000 hours.

Page 13: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Alternate source of energyAlternate source of energy

Hydrogen will completely replace gasoline in the transportation industry

Can be used as a generator for nearby households or business

A hydrogen car stores enough energy to power a nearby home, which results in a more energy efficient environment

Page 14: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Stabilizes Economy Stabilizes Economy

With the transition over to hydrogen for all of our transportation needs around 66 percent of our annual oil consumption will be cut.

This will relieve our needs for foreign oil and therefore lower the price of oil, which could help stabilize the economy.

Page 15: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

No Hydrogen Fuel No Hydrogen Fuel InfrastructureInfrastructure

Only 100 hydrogen refueling station in the U.S., most are in New York and California.

There needs to be around 12000 stations costing $1 million each.

“Chicken or the egg” problem, people won’t buy cars without fueling stations and fueling station won’t build without people buying hydrogen fuel-cell cars.

Page 16: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Implementing Hydrogen Fuel-Implementing Hydrogen Fuel-cells cars into the economycells cars into the economy

Government should increase grants for the advancement of hydrogen fuel-cell cars.

Once prototype is ready government should provide incentives in order to have consumers buy this new technology and the creation of a new hydrogen fuel infrastructure

Page 17: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

FinancesFinances In the next 30 years it will cost about 1.3 trillion for

the expansion of the North American gasoline economy.

About 300 billion for oil refineries,that will most likely be replaced by hydrogen facilities.

It will cost several hundred billion to produce these hydrogen infrastructures as well, so by cutting down on the amount spent on building oil refineries and pipelines we would be able to use it towards building hydrogen facilities and save hundreds of billions of dollars.

Page 18: Hydrogen, fueling the sun today, fueling our cars tomorrow

Globe ProgressionGlobe Progression

Many industrialized countries have given grants and encouraged the advancements of hydrogen fuel-cell cars.

However the amount of money given doesn’t meet the amount of money needed to make hydrogen fuel-cell cars a near future reality.