HWH UNIT 7

CHAPTER 11.3

Division and Democracy in France

France Under Napoleon III (1852-70)

Success and PopularityEconomic prosperity

Suez CanalRedesigned ParisHelp for the lower class

“Socialist Emperor”Limits on Liberty

No democracyCensorship

The “Liberal Empire”Loosened restrictions in

1860s

France Under Napoleon III (1852-70)

Disastrous Foreign PolicyCrimean War, 1853Intervention in

Italy, 1859Intervention in

Mexico, 1863 Franco-Prussian

War, 1870

The Franco-Prussian War, 1870The last piece of German unification

The Siege of Paris, 1870

The Paris Commune (March-May, 1871)

The Paris CommuneNational Assembly

created after fall of Napoleon IIIThe Commune refused

to recognize the new National AssemblyWanted a socialist

governmentAssembly sent an army

to crush the Commune

France Under the 3rd Republic (1870-1940)

Bicameral LegislatureSenateChamber of Deputies

President (figurehead)Premier (prime minister)Many political parties

CoalitionsUnstable

50 governments in 10 yearsOfficial separation of Church and State

(1905)Few rights for women

The Boulanger Affair (1886-1889)Revanche!

The Dreyfus Affair (1894-1899)

Domestic Turmoil

Emile Zola, J’Accuse

The real traitor: Count Esterhazy

ZionismTheodor HerzlDesire for a Jewish

state in Israel Fueled by Dreyfus

affair and antisemitism across Europe