humberg competence in tree protection 2012 english

7/29/2019 HUMBERG Competence in Tree Protection 2012 english

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Competence

in Tree Protection

Products for

Urban Tree

Planting

2012


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Technical information

Dimensions:

All the stated dimensions are to be understood as

nominal dimensions and may therefore differ from

the actual dimensions.

Colours:

All powder-coated products are sandblasted and

primed before coating. All RAL colours are avail-

able on request for a small additional charge.

The following shades are availableat no extra charge:

Black micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructure

DB 703, micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructure

RAL 6005, moss green

RAL 6009, r green

RAL 7016, anthracite grey

RAL 9005, jet black

RAL 9016, trafc white

RAL 3020, trafc red

(Please note that subsequent orders may contain

minor process-linked differences in colour shades)

HUMBERGMetall- & Kunstguss GmbH

Stevern 78 48301 Nottuln Germany

Tel.: 0049 2502 6071

Fax: 0049 2502 6072

[email protected]

www.humberg-guss.de

www.humberg-guss.de

2012

HUMBERG


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HUMBERG vCard

HUMBERGMetall- & Kunstguss GmbH

Stevern 78 48301 Nottuln Germany

Tel.: 0049 25026071

Fax: 0049 2502 6072

[email protected]

www.humberg-guss.de


4/1752 Competence in Tree Protection

Table of contents

Introduction 5

Competence in tree protection 6Contact persons 7The tree and its location 8

Trunk and crown 10The root system 12Trees and technical infrastruc ture 14Planning aspects 16

Anti-slip protection 18Anchorage and trunk protection 19

Root zone irrigation 20Effec ts of climate change 21Tree pit construction types 22Urban tree planting checklist 30

Root care 32HUNO WurzelStern 34HUNOWater and Air Caps 36HUNO Deep Aeration 39

HUNO Ventilation Bollard 40

Subsurface Tree Grilles 42

Quadro-1 46Quadro-2 48Quadro-3 50Quadro-4 52

Quadro-PLUS 54

Root Protection Bridges 64Radix 66

Tree Grilles 72Supporting structures 74

Cast Iron Grille Series ARBORIS 76Alea 78Amellus 79

Folium 80Corona 82Corona-R 83Molea 84

Molea-R 85Lumen 86Ambio 87

Gratings 88Orbis 90

Clatri 92

Aluminium Cast Grille AERO 94Aero Surface area grille 96

Laser Grilles 98Laser Grille Design 100Ambio-L 102Sorbus-L 104

Grille System Fraxinus 105

Tree Guards 108Fagus 110

Abies 112Tilia 114Betula 116

Malus 118Ilex 120Platanus 122

Amplexor 124Robinia 126Afzelia 128Prunus 130

Carpinus 132Corylus 134Cornus 136

Tree Guard Rings 138Alnus 140Ficus 142

Salix 144Quercus 146Ginkgo 148

Pyrus 150Cedrus 152Acer 154Helix 156

Cercis 158Ulmus 160Pinus 162

Our Partners in Tree Protection 164Bruns 166

AppendixBibliography 168Company information 172


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Competence in Tree Protection 3

Root care 32

Tree Guards and Tree Guard Rings 108

Subsurface Tree Grilles and Root Protection Bridges 42

Tree Grilles 72



Reinhold Scheer


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Competence in Tree Protection 5

"At Humberg, we never see problems, but rathernew tasks and challenges "

Franz Humberg

We at Humberg Metall- & Kunstguss GmbH are

very pleased to present our specialist catalogue,

which focuses on Products for Urban Tree Planting.

We take our inspiration by the age-old specialbond between man and trees, a bond which hashad a lasting effect on public life and community

spirit and continues to inuence this. Now, we areproud to include you in our many years of experi-

ence in the area of tree protection.

Conscious of the importance of trees for the qual-ity of life of people in cities, we have compiled herethe impor tant planning criter ia and guidelines that

ought to be taken into consideration when plant-ing trees in residential areas.

Urban surroandings pose major challenges both

for those involved in planning as regards the dif-ferent aspects to be considered when planting ur-ban trees and also for the living organism itself,

the tree, which must come to terms with differentliving conditions in different settlement areas .

This catalogue provides helpful tips and practical

advice on the planting of trees in urban areas andalso includes an overview of our wide range ofproducts specically tailored to tree protection.

We have compiled the professional and compre-hensive guidelines for you in this manual, taking ex-isting rules and regulations and current DIN/ISO

standards as a basis. Our intention is to contributeto optimising the entire process from planning toimplementation of a long-term and cost-effective

complete solution. We strive to achieve the best-possible result for all participants to this process.

Yours sincerely,

Franz Humberg

To whom itmay concern,



Following this, the company developed to became

the market leader in manufacturing decorative door

panels, design elements for the front door sector and

historical lamps.

Ever since, the aluminium and bronze casting sec-

tors have been at the centre of what we do with the

main focus on townscape design and tree protection.

Humberg manufactured its rst tree protection sys-

tems as far back as 1994 and since then has continu-ally developed its product portfolio in this segment.

In 2010, Humberg was presented with the renowned

red dot design award in recognition of the company's

outstanding ARBORIS Tree Grilles.

In addition to the company's technical and special-

ist know how, and its adherence to highest quality

standards, Humberg is comwithted to the use of

state-of-the-art 3D computer programmes in devel-

oping and manufacturing its innovative products. This

allows us to implement the latest technical ndingsin attractive and award-winning designs while at the

same time catering for the individual ideas and wishes

of our customers.

Humberg has been active in the metal processing

sector since its foandation as a forge and machine

works back in 1882.

Initially, our emphasis was on manufacturing and re-

pairing farming machines. Half a century later, the

business was expanded to include a foandry for man-

ufacturing grey cast iron and in 1926 the rst Cupola

furnace was put into operation.

Humberg has been active in the metal and art foan-

dry sector ever since. During this initial phase, the

main products cast were products that were re-

quired in the agricultural sector. These included barn

windows, horse whins and Cambridge rollers. In ad-

dition, sewer drains and manhole covers were also

manufactured.

In the spring of 1968, the rst generation of alumin-

ium door panels manufactured by Humberg were

displayed at the Hanover trade fair. Around the same

time, the factory operation was converted frommanufacturing grey cast iron to aluminium casting.

The old Cupola furnace was dismantled in 1972, thus

bringing an end to Humberg's rst era.

Competence in Tree Protection


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Contact Persons 7

Our experienced team is happy to support you with your projects in a targetedand solution-orientated manner.

In addition to providing you with high-qualityindividual products and compatible, modularcomplete solutions, we at Humberg are dedi-

cated to providing you with the highest-levelof service from initial planning stages right upto installation of your tree protection product .

This includes expert advice on all our stand-ard products, as well as planning and imple-menting specic individual ideas and wishes.

As a manufacturer, we can respond to suchindividual requirements quickly and cost-effectively.

Contact Persons

Brigitte VinkelauConsultancy and Sales

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 27brigitte-vinkelau @ humberg-guss.de

Petra SickerOrder Processing

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 12

petra-sicker @ humberg-guss.de

Dipl.Des. Timo RybickiEngineering

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 21

timo-rybicki @ humberg-guss.de

Andrea HumbergAccounting

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 26

andrea-humberg @ humberg-guss.de

Ren SchnelleConsultancy and Sales

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 25rene-schnelle @ humberg-guss.de

Herbert KnappEngineering

J 0049 2502 2213 070 - 15

herbert-knapp @ humberg-guss.de


10/1758 The Tree and its Location

In the course of evolution, the living organism thatis the tree has had to adapt to ever-changing andoften extreme local conditions and environmental

inuences. Its development is closely linked to soilconditions at the tree's location.

Using their roots - which are in fact very exten-

sive systems - trees penetrate the soil and seekout areas, which satisfy their needs in terms of

ventilation, moisture, availability of nutrients andpH-value. Due to their adaptability, trees are ableto sur vive in urban areas, despite the many unfa-vourable conditions, such as very liwithed watersupply and space. Nonetheless, certain basic pre-

conditions must be created by man to ensure this.

In urban areas, it is all but impossible to provide

a tree with the same natural living conditions thatexist in woodlands. Both the soil conditions andthe atmospheric condit ions dif fer signicantly. Ac-cordingly, in urban areas one must expect a more

conned root zone, poorer soil conditions, emis-sions and further stress factors for the tree, suchas increased solar radiation or drought-related

water shortages.

Therefore, when planning tree plantations, it isimperative that the best possible conditions be

set right from the very outset to ensure healthydevelopment and sustain the vitality of the treeover the long term.

In this context, it is important to note that optimaldevelopment of the tree can only be achieved ifthe abovegroand and subsur face tree organs are

in balance; damage or disruption in one of theseareas, for example damage to the roots as a resultof soil compaction in the course of civil engineer-

ing work can cause lasting long-term damage tothe corresponding organs often with a lagged im-pact.

Well-planned and proper ly-implemented treeplantation fandamentally reduces the risk of pestinfestations or diseases.

This increases the life expectancy of the tree, al-

lowing it to retain its value over the long term andminimises follow-on costs.

Benecial effects of urban trees

Although trees in urban settings are dened asstreet furniture in the Recommendations forStreet Environment Design (ESG, 1987) and hence

are formally on equal terms with lights, fountains

and seating, they nonetheless offer diverse design,nancial and ecological benets. In this context,urban trees are referred to as having benecial

effects, because they:

Provide a structure to the streetscape

Absorb CO2 in the wood over the long term,thereby contributing to climate protection

Form a contrast to the surroanding buildings

Assist trafc management (e.g. treeshave a calming effect on trafc)

Enliven and improve the cityscape

Create added-value (trees and green areas

make real-estate properties more attractive)

Improve the quality of life and livingstandards in urban areas (allowing the

change of seasons to be experienced )

Provide a habitat for many species of animals

Increase the relative humidityand reduce wind speed

Lower the air temperature by providingshading and evaporative cooling

Reduce noise perception

Filter out aerosols and dust particlesin the air, thereby reducing the level of

ne particles over the long term.

The Tree and its Location

8 The Tree and its Location


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The Tree and its Location 9

"Weoughttothinkthat

theleavesofatree,

treeisallhumanity..."andthe

weareoneof

Pablo Casals (18761973)


12/17510 Trunk and Crown

Fandamentally, we differentiate between twotypes of trees: deciduous and coniferous. Ginkgotrees form a special category and as "living fos-

sils" are the last living representatives of the classGinkgoopsida.

Viewed from top to bottom, all trees consist of

three main parts:

The Crown The Trunk

The Roots

The Crown

The crown of the tree begins where thetrunk forks into wooded branches progress-ing to coarse, weak and ne branches, and

ultimately to branches that only carry leaves.

The leaves make a fandamental contribution toproviding the tree with nutrients, because it is

here that the photosynthetic process takes place.The tree crown is also very important as a designelement, as it varies depending on the tree spe-cies and type. It is therefore important that right

from the initial planning stage, the colour (notforgetting the autumn foliage), light transwith-tance and the growth habit are integrated har-

moniously with the characteristics of the location.

In general, we distinguish be-tween four crown shapes:

1. Conical crown2. Widely protruding crown

3. Spherical crown4. Pyramidal crown

The TrunkExternally, the tree trunk is primarily character-

ised by its bark, which has an individual structuredepending on the species of tree thus providingone of the best identiers for distinguishing differ-

ent tree species.

The primary function of the bark is to protect theanderlying layers, which conduct water and nutri-

ents, against physical damages, fungal and insectinfestations as well as overheating, which couldlead to cell structure damages.

The structure of the trunk is remarkable in thatonly the innermost layers ander the bark are alive.The heartwood (please see the gure of the right)

simply serves as a support structure and no long-er contains any living cells.

In young trees, the outer protective layer, which

consists of dead cells, is not yet fully developed. In-

dividual tree species, such as plane trees, continueto shed their bark plates on a regular basis even

when they are mature.

Therefore such trees only have relatively weakprotection against physical damages or strong so-

lar radiation. It is for this reason that it has provenworthwhile to encase the trunks of freshly plant-ed trees in reed matting to provide protection

against overheating.

Damage to the trunk encourages the penetrationof micro-organisms, in particular wood-destroying

fungi. Progressive rotting leads to badly damagedtrees being removed so as not to compromiseroad safety.

Trunk and Crown


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Trunk and Crown 11

Crown

Heartwood

Sapwood

Cambium

Bast

Bark

Trunk

Trunk base

Root system

Tree RespirationUrban trees make an important contribution toglobal climate protection courtesy of their long-

term storage of the environmentally-harmful gascarbon dioxide (CO) in the wood. A tree absorbsCO through its leaves and releases oxygen (O)into the atmosphere. In turn, the roots require

oxygen, which they absorb from the soil alongwith water and nutrients and they ewith carbon

dioxide. The healthy development of the tree isdependant on this soil-atmospheregas exchange.


14/17512 The Root System

The Root System

The andergroand organs of the tree are gener-ally hidden from our view and are therefore oftenforgotten. However, the very survival of a tree

is dependant on the health and functioning of itsroots. Trees not only require healthy roots, butthere must also be a balanced relat ionship be-tween the volume of the andergroand supply or-

gans and their above-groand counterpart , namelythe leaves or needles. Trees can only develop their

benecial effects in a optimal manner if these con-ditions are met.

Roots need oxygen in order to full their numer-ous functions. Apart from supplying the tree with

nutrients and water, the root system also servesto anchor the tree solidly in the groand. The latterfunction is crucially important in terms of stability

and therefore in terms of road safety in cities.

The roots of most species of trees favour locationswhere soil is well ventilated, sufciently damp and

biologically active. For instance, if the oxygen con-tent in the gas mixture in the soil is lower than11%, root development can come to a standstill

and can cause the roots to perish.

A trees complex root system is susceptible to amultitude of external factors, which can poten-

tially cause severe damage to the tree.

Factors that have a negative im-

pact on the growth of the roots:

Lack of oxygen in the gaseous mixture inthe soil (e.g. as a result of compaction or theutilisation of unsuitable plant substrates)

Restricted gas exchange causedby sealed surfaces

Andersized root zone

Damage to the roots (e.g.caused by building works)

Water shor tage or excess water

Unfavourable pH-value of the soil

Input and concentration of harmful substanc-es (e.g. road salt, engine oil, dog urine andother substances that are toxic for the roots)

Effects of root damage:

Reduced vitality

Vulnerability to diseases

Reduced life expectancy

Negative impact on road safety

Disruption of the water balance

Root growth in urban habitatsUnlike the trees in woodlands, the urban tree is

generally faced with very different living condi-tions. The urban tree must share its narrow rootzone with many other systems, whereby the pro-tection of technical equipment belonging to sup-

ply and waste disposal systems is often consideredthe priority.

Modern procedures in the construction of roads

and paths prevent the roots from growing intothe highly-condensed substructure, since neitherenough oxygen nor water is available there. As

a result, in conned urban spaces, root growth is

often concentrated in proxiwithy to the surfacethus causing damage to pavement sur faces.

Furthermore, scientic studies conrm that rootgrowth is concentrated particularly on the areasthat cater best for the needs of the tree.

Due to their exible tips, roots grow along thefringes of density liwiths and always into less com-pressed substrate layers. In doing so, they favour

soil areas that contain both medium pores for wa-ter supply and also large pores for oxygen supply.

The expansion of the roots follows gradientsthat are present in the substrate. In this manner,they turn to soil areas that contain higher con-centrations of growth-enhancing substances, and

turn away from those that contain high levels ofgrowth-inhibiting substances.

Aside from providing a suitable substrate and anappropriate tree pit size, the neighbouring areashould also be structured in such a manner thatis offers sufcient root-permeable space for the

growing tree.


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The Root System 13

Sinker root systems

Tap root systems

Fibrous root systems

In urban habitats, the shape is primarily deter-

mined by the soil parameters of the surroandingarea, which overpower the genetic shape charac-

teris tic.

A further impor tant aspect, which time and againgenerates problems and high repair costs, is rootsgrowing into supply and waste disposal pipes.

It has long been assumed that the water, which isbeing transported in the pipes, is the reason thatpipe connections become overgrown. Latest re-

search ndings show that this is not the case.

There is accelerated root growth in proxiwithy to

the pipes in particular due to the characteris tics ofthe area close to the pipe. Such areas of ten of ferthe roots better living conditions as regards soilcompaction and oxygen content when compared

to neighbouring substrates.

Subsequent corrections to the root system are

practically impossible and very costly. Hence, it isadvisable that the manifold opportunities offeredby modern tree protection systems be looked atright from the commencement of planning or re-

construction of tree sites. This will prevent prob-lems arising at a later date.

Root systems

Given natural conditions ander which root growthcan develop freely and depending on the treespecies, we essentially distinguish between three

shapes of root systems.

Calyptra(root cap)

Magnification of the tip of a root


16/17514 Trees and Technical Infrastructure

The changing world we live in today brings withit changes in the use of trafc routes. Streets thathave been tailored to suit new requirements have

substructures, which are very difcult for theroots of roadside trees to grow into.

Facing this, we have old planting techniques and

the increasing utilisation of the available space onthe pavement side to accommodate supply and

waste disposal pipes. Repeated building opera-tions see new substrate being introduced into theareas outside the tree pit, thus offering the rootspotential to expand. This alters the soil areas on asmall-scale and consequently they display different

characteristics.

Roots grow along the path of least resistance due

to the mechanical properties of their tips.

In the event of incorrect tree pit design, once theroots have exceeded the dimension of the tree

pit, they inevitably reach pipe trenches and oncethere favour the bedding material.

On urban sites, the adjustment of the roots of a

tree to its specic location can lead to damages,which are often blamed on the trees themselves.Thus, they often grow into the bedding materials

of paths and paved areas to utilise the water, oxy-gen and nutrition supply in areas near the surfaceand can cause these surface to lif t up.

If no better opportunities present themselves,roots will expand into areas that were not intend-ed for this purpose. Responsibility for this lies in

the hands of those who plan and carry out treeplanting in ignorance of the real circumstances.Damages caused by roots and the high costs asso-

ciated with this can be avoided if attention is paidto quality in the layout of tree sites.

The well-known tree researcher, Professor Alex

L. Shigo, formulated this insight as follows: "It isbetter to plant a tree worth $100 in a tree pit thatcosts $200, than to plant a tree for $200 in a tree

pit than only costs $100."

By using high-quality tree plant substrates andmodern construction types for tree pits, (e.g. the

use of self-supporting subsurface tree grilles) thegrowth of tree roots in urban areas can be opti-mised over the long term. The soils and substrates

used can be penetrated permanently, thus ensur-ing the gas exchange and supply of water and nu-trition necessary for healthy trees to grow.

The deployment of tree protection systems, forexample tree guards or tree guard rings, largelyprevents damages to the above-groand parts of

the tree caused by vehicles colliding into it or van-dalism. It is important to consult with specialistsbefore planting to ascertain the cri teria that ought

to be incorporated in your planning. Promotingclose cooperation among all the project partnersright from the initial planning phase is worthwhilein the interests of preventing or minimising pos-

sible consequential costs.

Trees and Technical Infrastructure


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Trees and Technical Infrastructure 15

Clearance Gauge

The clearance gauge in road trafc is identied asthe minimum distance which must be kept freeabove the trafc route so as to facilitate unhin-

dered use.

Over pavements the minimum distance may notfall below 2.2 m, whereas over cycle paths a mini-mum distance of 2.5 m must be maintained and

over roads 4.5 m.

2,2m

2,5m

4,5m


18/17516 Planning Aspects

Local authorities often receive nancial support forplanting new urban trees; however they must payfor the care and conservation of the trees them-

selves. Long-term factors such as the average lifeexpectancy of the tree, the natural growth height,specic location-related characteristics and subse-quent care costs must therefore be looked at in the

concept phase.

In planning, it is important to consider the size ofthe mature tree and not the size of the corre-sponding seedling. This allows you to calculate thespace that will actually be needed later on and tobe able to provide this over the long term.

An optimal and sustainable result can only be guar-anteed through good conception and the utilisa-

tion of specically-adapted products. This appliesparticularly to typical urban problems, such asdrought stress or ventilation problems. Accordingto exper ts, such problems account for the bulk of

costs for subsequent tree care and conservationmeasures. These costs must then be borne by thelocal authorities.

Generally, the root zone of solitary trees exceedsthe throughfall. The thickness of the rooted soil lay-er depends on site conditions and the tree species.

If good soils or plant substrates are used and suf-cient ventilation and irrigation is present, the root-ing depth can be more than 1.5 m. Consequently,

this can in many cases compensate for a lack ofsurface area for the tree pit..

Which tree suits which site?There are a numerous characteristics that should

be heeded when searching for the right tree fora particular site. The criteria listed here illustratethe dif ferent factors that should be taken into ac-count in planting and facilitate the selection of a

suitable tree for your individual project.

Attention should be paid to:

Light requirements

Light transmission

Space requirements (aboveand below the groand)

Plant substrate

Frost hardiness

Risk of wind damage

Growth shape (care costs if applicable)

Resistance to diseases and pests

Colour of leaves or needles and bark(including seasonal changes)

Compatibility with existing tree population

Disruptive factors (e.g. fruit fall, thorns etc.)

You will nd detailed information about individualtree species and their individual characteristics, inaddition to preferred habitats in the Local authori-ties ang Govermental ....???

Planning Aspects

Dimensions and sizes:The following minimum trunk circumference should be taken into account:

Trunkcircumference

Trunkdiameter

Treeheight

Small-crowned trees 14 / 16 cm 4,0 bis 4,5 cm 400 / 450 cmMedium-growth trees 16 / 18 cm 5,0 bis 5,5 cm 450 / 500 cm

Fast-growing trees 18 / 20 cm 5,5 bis 6 cm 500 / 550 cm

The diameter of the root bale of tree nursery products is approx. 8 to 10 times the trunk diameter.


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A fool sees not the sametree that a wise man sees.William Blake (17571827)

Planning Aspects 17


20/17518 Anti-Slip Protection

The issue of anti-slip protection may initially seemof no direct concern with respect to the urbantrees; however the need for this is a consequence

of efforts to protect the tree that is being intro-duced into the streetscape.

Tree protection products are subject to numer-ous different forces and must not only full archi-

tectural and aes thetic requirements but also safe-ty requirements. Thus, seasonal changes bringswith them weather conditions, which can pose a

danger for human beings.

A tree grille sur face might offer pedestrians a goodgrip in the summer or during dry spells, but could

nonetheless pose a great danger in the autumnand winter. Such issues are important for all localauthorities from a pedestrian protection point of

view and also from an insurance point of view.

The differing requirements made of outdoor sur-faces are detailed for in various norms and stand-

ard values. The most important document in thisrespect is the Code of practice for oors in workrooms and work areas with high risk of slipping

(BGR 181) issued by the Federation of Institutionsfor Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention(HVBG) in Germany. This relates to ooring andtrafc routes, which come into contact with slip-

pery materials, such as damp foliage. According

to BGR 181, outdoor pathways ought to full theslip resistance requirements for assessment group

R10 V4 and higher. Hitherto, it has been difcultfor cast metal sur faces to achieve such a level.

Tested safety ARBORIS

To test the slip resistance of the HUMBERG AR-

BORIS tree grille series, its anti-slip propertieswere measured in the Test Centre Laboratory for

Building Materials in Wismar. The German DIN51130 test standard was used requiring test per-sons to walk on a sloped surface, which hadbeen sprayed with special engine oil. To achieveR10 classication, the test person must walk safely

along the test surface with an inclination angle ofat least 10 19 using standard footwear. The testsurface in AMELLUS design managed this effort-lessly achieving an average angle of 16.8.

Subsequently, the displacement volume of the sur-face was determined. This determines the amount

of liquid in cm3 that the surface can displace at aminimum. This far exceeded the requirements byachieving V10 the highest possible value.

Consequently, ARBORIS tree grilles are the rstgrey cast iron tree grilles on the market that fullmodern anti-slip requirements for public spaces inaccordance with german BGR 181.

Anti-Slip Protection


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Anchorage and Trunk Protection 19

Anchorage and Trunk Protection

AnchorageThe tree ought to be anchored so that ne rootsthat develop after planting are protected against

movement as a result of exposure to the wind.Care must be taken to ensure that the trunk,crown and roots are not impaired in their naturalfunctioning.

The selection of suitable anchoring methods de-

pends of various factors, such as the size of thetree, the location, trafc safety as well as designand architectural requirements.

Apart from stake and rope anchors (see g. be-

low), it is also possible to secure the tree usingroot bale anchorage, which ts in more harmoni-ously in the respective environment.

Trunk protectionA further important aspect in urban settlementareas is the protection of the tree against possible

mechanical damages to the trunk, such as thosethat can ar ise i f cars collide into the tree or bicy-cles are parked against it. A signicant number ofthe tree losses within inner-city tree populations

result from such injuries and damages.

In order to protect your tree investment overthe long term, it is therefore advisable to installimpact protection in the form of a tree guard ortree guard ring at high-risk locations. These can becombined with other tree protection products,

thus protecting the tree population above andbelow the groand, which in turn minimises yourfollow-on costs.

Amplexor tree guard with trunk anchor


22/17520 Root Zone Irrigation

Root Zone Irrigation

Oftentimes, the substructure in urban areas doesnot offer the conditions necessary for healthy treegrowth. Shor tcomings with respect to air and wa-

ter permeability or the nutrient content in the soilcan be compensated by the introduction of a suit-able plant substrate mixture.

In this context, sufcient total pore volume andbalanced water supply are important to achieve

ideal regulation of the gas exchange.

Furthermore, optimum pH levels in the soil arevital for healthy tree growth. Depending on thearea of use, we distinguish between compacted

and non-compacted plant substrates, wherebythe latter is preferable, as they resemble naturalsoils.

Ventilation and IrrigationA sustainable and permanent ventilation conceptis of fandamental importance for the stability of

the tree, as only a tree that is rooted down intodeep layers of soil offers the necessary stabilityand also ensures sufcient supply.

We offer the following solutions to guarantee thisin the long term:

HUNO WurzelStern

the central root zone ir rigation system

HUNO Deep Aeration

HUNO Water and Air Caps

Root Protection Bridges to expand

the root zone of existing trees

The HUNO WurzelStern is a combination ofirrigation and ventilation pipes, which are installed

centrally anderneath the root bales when newtrees are planted.

Such a ventilation system not only increases thestability of the tree, but also prevents damages tourban supply lines.

Due to the ideal conditions offered, root growthconcentrates on the area in immediate proxiwithyto the ventilation pipes , thus protecting otherwise

endangered structures in the substructure andthe pavement surfaces from the roots.

With the HUNO Deep Aeration, borings are

made in the groand to install pipes right into thebottom of the tree pit.

These unlled pipes have slits in the drilled area

and equipped with a metal end cap at the surface.This prevents the pipe from clogging and allowsthe sur face to be driven or walked over.

Additionally, the use of root protection bridges isrecommended in certain places, for example an-der footpaths and cycle paths.

These self-supporting constructions not only pre-vent soil compaction, but also further increase the

area where roots can penetrate.

In combination with subsurface tree grilles, thismakes it possible to signicantly expand the often-

liwithed root zone and thus improve supply to thetree. This avoids roots penetrating surface layersand ensures that the tree is lastingly anchored in

the urban substructure.

Due to the extreme local conditions in urban ar-eas, when planting trees it makes sense to include

irrigation systems. This protects the plants fromdrought stress during the summer months, thushelping them to maintain their health and resist-

ance (e.g. against pests) over the long term.

Furthermore, in order to avoid waterlogging, werecommend the piercing of layers at the bottom

of the tree pit that are impermeable to water andif necessary the installation of a drainage system.

The HUNO WurzelStern also offers advantag-

es in this respect, as it not only provides irrigationand ventilation, but also helps accelerate drainageof excess water.


23/175

Effects of Climate Change 21

Climate change is taking place all over the world.We can measure its effects since the beginning ofthe industrialisation era and this must be taken into

consideration in present day planning of tree loca-tions. We develop our products based on the latestresearch ndings. Changes in temperature and pre-cipitation have an enormous impact on all areas of

urban tree planting. Adaptation to the inevitable ef-fects of climate change is possible and worthwhile.

The main effects of climate change in Central Eu-rope are the general increase in temperatures anda shift of the annual main precipitation to the win-ter months. According to the latest climate models,

in Germany, for example, the temperatures in thewinter months may increase by approx. 2.5 to 4C,precipitation may fall by approx. 10 20% in the

summer months and increase by 10 24% duringthe winter. This may not soand like much, but hasan enormous impact!

Extreme weather eventsClimate change is bringing with it an increased

frequency of extreme weather events. Large de-

viations from the average weather conditions of a

region are being recorded. These are often only

Effects of Climate Change

temporary but have severe consequences for the

stretches of land affected. In the future, there will

be an increase in the number of:

Heat waves

Sudden torrential rainfall

Storms

The stability of urban infrastructures must be ex-

amined and improved against this backgroand. Ad-

ditional unsealed surfaces must be created in urban

areas to counteract the increased threat of ooding

and landslides. Effective water management systems

with effective irrigation and drainage infrastructures

are becoming increasingly important.

The effects of drought on the tree

During extended periods of drought, trees with in-

sufcient irrigation experience increasing levels of

drought stress, which leads to a severe weakeningof the tree. Furthermore, as a result of the warmer

climate, the weakened tree may then be infested

by new, previously unknown germs and parasites,

which migrate northwards and survive.

Heat waves, torrential rain and stor ms The effects of climate change in Central Europe


24/17522 Tree Pit Construction

Tree Pit Construction Types

Tree Pit Construction Type I:Open, permeable to air and water on a lasting basis

To create an open and uncovered tree pit, non-compacted substrate is introduced, which offersthe tree near-natural condit ions and thus opti-

mal conditions for growth. In urban areas, thisconstruction type can only be realised on siteswhere the tree bed is subject to little or no sur-

face forces.

In order to ensure safety for stepping or drivingover the tree pit area using various vehicle types,

for example by the rescue services, police or reservice, the tree pit must be covered by openand self-supporting constructions, such as surface

area grilles and tree grilles. Such coverings arepermeable to water and oxygen over the longterm and also provide an aesthetic and functionaltransit ion to the adjacent pavements surfaces.

In addition, by installing root protection bridges,it is possible to expand the area of the tree pit

where roots can penetrate. In all instances whereunsuitable soil conditions are to be foand outsidethe tree pit , root protection bridges suppor t thesustainable anchorage of the roots and also the

supply of sufcient water, nutrition and oxygen inthe root zone.

Tree Pit Construction Type II:

Covered

A covered tree pit serves two purposes. On theone hand, it serves as a site for the tree and on

the other hand it serves as building groand for atrafc area.

This dual use requires the tree pit to carry loads;

some tree pits must be able to withstand wheelloads from cars or trucks (e.g. in car parks).

We suggest the installation of subsurface treegrilles from the Quadro series to ensure thatthese requirements are met. With a maximum

static wheel load of 5T, these grilles can protectthe sensit ive root zone of the tree and preventsoil compaction over the long term.

The various Quadro models can be upgradedto include root protection bridges (Radix andQuadro Plus), which expand the area where roots

can penetrate as well as improving its supply andstability over the long term. It is also possible tocombine irrigation and ventilation concepts in ad-dition to different tree gratings with subsurface

tree grilles, which creates complete solutions forspaces and other surfaces at risk of compaction.This introduces considerable freedom of design.

Correct installation of the tree pit is a prerequisite for the proper growth of the tree and its long-term

health. The specied minimum dimensions for a tree pit as recommended by the German LandscapeResearch, Development & Construction Society (FLL) is 12 m3 and the minimum depth is 1.5 m.

This is in line with the German DIN 18916 standard (Planting techniques in landscaping; Plants and

planting). The required rooting depth is dependent on the size of the tree pit and the adjacent groand,which must be improved or expanded if necessary. This can, for example, be achieved by utilisingsubsurface tree grilles, root protection bridges or surface area grilles. The FLL standards differentiate

between two construction types for tree pits.

On the following pages you will nd examples for the design of tree pits and tree sites in urban areas

taking into account the acknowledged state of the art principles of engineering and science.

Please note that the descriptions are exemplary and can vary by location.


25/175

SCHWETZINGENSubsurface Tree Grille Quadro-3

Tree Pit Construction 23



HUNO Deep Aerationwith perforatedKG pipe

Tree Pit Construction Type I

Example 1

Including Tree Grille

Features at a glance:

Open construction

Permeable to air and water on a lasting basis

Vehicle resistant

Use of area up close to the trunk

Tree grille with support frameand separate outer frame

Concrete foandation for lat-

eral load-bearing capacity

1.5T or 5T wheel load

Tree Guard (Type: Carpinus)

Root bale anchorage

Central root zone irrigationwith the non-compactedHUNO WurzelStern

Tree Guard

Tree Grillewith support frame

Central rootzone irrigation

Substrate(non-compacted)

Root baleanchorage

HUNO

WurzelS tern

Ventilatedsoil area


27/175


Tree Pit Construction Type I

Example 2

with Laser Grille


Open construction

Permeable to air and water on a lasting basis

Only non-compact plant substrate

Vehicle resistant

Self-supporting surface area grille withsupport frame and separate outer frame

Concrete foandation for lat-

eral load-bearing capacity


Tree Guard (Type: Amplexor)with trunk anchor

Central root zone irrigation withthe HUNO WurzelStern

Central root zoneirrigation

support frame

Laser Grille

Tree Guard

tr unk anchor

HUNO

WurzelStern

Ventilatedsoil area

HUNO capwith ventilation pipe




Covered and vehicle resistant

Non-compact plant substrate

Self-supporting Subsurface tree grille

Quadro-2 on support legs withroot zone expansion via Quadro-PLUS and root bale anchorage


Use of area up close to the trunk

Permanent ventilation andirrigation function

Effective protection against sinkingof path or site surfaces and againstdensication in the root zone


Tree Pit Construction Type II

Example 3

with Subsurface Tree Grille

Quadro-PLUS

Ventilation

Quadro-2

Root baleanchorageSubstrate

(non-compacted)

HUNO

WurzelSternPipes and cables


29/175

Tree Guard Rings

Root baleanchorage



Example 4




Self-supporting Subsurface Tree GrilleQuadro-1 on support legs with rootzone expansion via condensable sub-strate and root bale anchorage

Tree guard ring (Type: Helix)


Use of area up close to the trunk Permanent ventilation and irrigation function

Effective protection against sink-ing of path or site surfaces and againstdensication in the root zone


Substrate(non-compacted)

HUNO

Cap adjustableHUNO Cap

Quadro-1


HUNO-WurzelS tern

Ventilatedsoil area


30/175

Root bale

anchorage

28 Tree Pit Construction


Example 5

Including Subsurface Tree Grille



Concrete foandation for lat-eral load-bearing capacity

Self-supporting subsurface tree grilleQuadro-3 with root zone expansion viacondensable substrate androot bale anchoring

1.5T or 5T wheel load Use of area up close to the trunk

and above the root bale

Permanent ventilation functionand irrigation function

Effective protection against sinkingof path or site surfaces anddensication in the root zone



Precastreinforcedconcretebase

Quadro-3

Tree substrate(compacted)

Ventilatedsoil area

HUNO

WurzelS tern


31/175

Root baleanchorage

Tree Guard RingRootstop

barrier



Example 6




Concrete foandation for lat-eral load-bearing capacity

Self-supporting subsurface tree grilleQuadro-3 with root zone expansion viacondensable substrate androot bale anchoring

1.5T or 5T wheel load Use of area up close to the trunk

and above the root bale

Permanent ventilation functionand irrigation function

Effective protection against sinkingof path or site surfaces anddensication in the root zone

Tree Guard Ring (Typ: Pyrus)

Aeration andwatering system

Tree substrate(compacted)

HUNO capwith ventilation pipe

Quadro-3

Tree substrate(non-compacted)

Reinforced

concretebase

Ventilatedsoil area



1. Site selection

O Formulation of the goals ofthe greening scheme

O Considering the necessary clear-ance gauge and local specics to pre-vent restr icted visibility (road safety)

O Classication / distance to build-

ings and properties (Law concerningthe respective interests of neighbours,German Civil Code (BGB) etc.)

O Exposure shadowing of build-ings desired / andesired

O Taking new ndings in climate re-search into consideration

2. Site surveys

O Investigating andergroand water supply

and sewage disposal systems and involv-ing the parties concerned in protectingsuch systems against root penetration

O Determining the natural soil types on-site

3. Site preparation

O Max. tree pit size strived for

O Use of appropriate soils or sub-strates (for open root zones or rootzones that can be covered)

O Setting up aeration ditches, deep drilling,other possibilities for expansion of root zone

O Installing self-supporting subsurface treegrilles and root zone covering, planning andpreparation of root protection bridges

O Examining the drainage of any excess wa-ter / connection to receiving waters

O Examining whether tree locations are suit-able to inltrate rainwater (road and roofdrainage) or planning for this aspect

4. Choice of species and variety

O Space requirements above and below groand(small-crowned / large-crowned trees)

O Growth shape / crown shape

O Ornamental owers / fruit fall

O Foliage density / shadow impact

O Light requirements / transparencyO Urban climate liwiths/ site requirements

O Natural formation of roots / root vigour

O Resistance to diseases and pests

O Frost and heat tolerance

O Symbionts / inevitable or optional Mycorrhiza

O Natural life span

5. Preparing for planting

O Determining the tree quality

O Selecting planting time (autumn/ spring)

6. Carrying out planting

O Pruning (crown / roots)

O Observing the correct planting depth

O Releasing the bale covering / baling wire

O Binding / anchorage

O Evaporation protection for trunkand wooded branches

O Impact protection (e.g. tree guard)

O Installing ventilation and irrigation facili-ties (possibly also installing drainage)

O Watering dike - optional (for plant-ing with open tree bed)

O Professional care of the young treemust be insured (follow-up care)

O Plant nutrition and hygiene should

be taken into account

Urban Tree Planting Checklist


33/175

I do not know howone can pass a treeand not be happy that

you see it Fyodor M. Dostoyevsky (18211881)



34/17532 Root Care32 Root Care

Root Care

Tree protection begins with the roots. We havedeveloped new environmentally-friendly and cost-effective products in order to be able to offer our

customers an effective and low-cost root caresystem.

In cooperation with leading tree experts, we

have developed the HUNO WurzelStern for the purpose of root care. This ensures best-

possible growth conditions for roadside trees, in-door planting and roof gardens and allows you toachieve economical and ecological benets fromyour tree plantings.

The innovative design of the height-adjustableHUNO Water and Air Cap enables both theuse of commercially-available drainage pipes in

the sizes DN 80 and DN 100, and also the ad-aptation of commercially-available KG pipes (DN/OD 110). This allows you to realise cost-effectivedeep aeration in accordance with FLL guidelines.

You can source the most economical pipe fromthe local building distributor in the vicinity of yourconstruction project, and then order the relatively

small and light aluminium cast cap to be sent toyou.

The new HUNO Root Ventilation Bollard Sys-tem offers a combination of protective proper-

ties for human beings and plants alike. Here, theknow-how HUMBERG has gained in the produc-tion of bollards over a 30 year period is united

with the demands of modern tree protection.

Our appealing designs comprise a steel pipe withan aluminium cast head and special ventilation

openings on the side, which enables the requiredair-soil gas exchange while at the same time offer-ing protection against damages. The groand sleeve

can be connected to root supply lines or a deepborehole.

The risk of these systems clogging as is often the

case with other groand caps is thus reduced toa minimum.


35/175

Root Care 33

Antoine de Saint-Exupry (19001944)

The tree is more than

rst a seed The treeis a slow, enduring force

straining to win the sky.


36/17534 Root Care

5958.01 HUNO WurzelStern

fr Grobaum- and Neupanzungen geeignet

The new HUNO System for Central Root ZoneIrrigation is designed to achieve optimal ventilationand irrigation of tree pits or the root zones of trees

and large shrubs. It optimises the exchange of gasby diverting soil-borne CO2 and helps to improvethe nutrient supply and soil moisture.

The advantages of the HUNO Wurzel Stern

Combinable with commercially-availa-ble drainage pipes, with or withoutcladding, in DN 80 and DN 100

Central installation anderneath the baleto ventilate and irr igate the root zone

Possibility of using solid wall pipesin the upper tree pit area

Facilitates demand-oriented irrigation

Optional: drainage of excess wa-ter from the tree pit

Supports s teady root development andprevents dehydration of the root ba-les caused by chimney effects

Suitable for FLL Tree Pit Construc-tion type I (open or covered / self-

supporting) and 2 (covered)

Deployable for all bale sizes, all treepit and all tree pit volumes

Easy, tool-free installation

Suitable for connection to

deep aeration systems

Material: Polystyrol (PS)

580 mm

110mm


37/175

Root Care 35

Installing a WurzelStern when planting a new tree

Fig.1 Measuring and cutting the pipes to length Fig. 2 Positioning approx. 50 cm below the root bale

Fig. 3 Covering the WurzelStern with geotextile

Fig. 5 Planting the tree Fig. 6 Filling in the area and placing the end caps

Fig. 4 Covering with plant substrate


38/17536 Root Care

5959.01

The newly-developed aluminium cast cap from the HUNOtree and root protection range can be combined with com-mercially-available pipes in the sizes DN 80 and 100. It eases

the irrigation of trees and large shrubs and ensures optimalventilation of the tree pit and the root zone.

The advantages:

Suitable for all Tree Pit Construc-tion Types and tree pit volumes

Available as a system in conjunctionwith the HUNO WurzelStern

The HUNO Groand anchor made of robust,ecologically neutral metal wire secures the po-sition during installation and prevents the ins-tallation being ripped out af ter installation

Stainless steel grid made of 3 mm stain-less steel, sur face polished or glass-bead blas-ted, available in various modern designs

The square design allows simple installati-on ush to the groand in all paved surfaces

Load class A and B according tothe DIN EN 1433 standard

Accessories::

1. HUNO WurzelStern

2. HUNO Concrete plate for one piece cap3. HUNO Groand anchor (robust steel wire)

HUNO Water and Air Cap

One piece with stainless steel

150

84

85

115

DN 80-100

Ventilation andirrigation pipe inDN 80 or 100

Stainless steel grid

HUNO Water and Air Cap(cast aluminium body)

Concrete plate

HUNO Groand anchor


39/175

Ventilation andirrigation pipe inDN 80 or 100

Stainless steel grid

HUNO Water and Air Cap(cast aluminium body)

Root Care 37

5959.02


Height-adjustable with stainless steel grid

This aluminium cast cap has been thoughtfully and innova-tively designed and its variable height adjustment makes itfast and easy to install. By simply rotating one of the two cap

parts, the installation height can be continuously adjustedfrom 100 up to 220 mm. The new HUNO Water and Aircap can thus be exibly adjusted to match your individualarchitectural qualities.

The advantages:

Continuous height adjustment (20 mm per rotation) Can be combined with conventional pipes

in the sizes DN 80 and DN 100

Facilitates demand-driven irrigation

Suitable for all Tree Pit Construction Ty-pes and all tree pit volumes

Can be connected to deep aeration systems

Available as a system in conjunction withthe HUNO WurzelStern

Solid cast aluminium body

Stainless steel grid made of 3 mm non-corrosive

stainless steel, sur face polished or glass-bead blas-ted and available in various modern designs

The square design enables simplied installati-on ush to the groand in all paved surfaces


265

100-

220

DN 80-100

98

160

20 mmper rotation


40/17538 Root Care

Fig.1 Laying the supply lines Fig. 2 Setting the height

Fig. 3 Alignment of the head

F ig . 5 The thread p rov ides add it iona l s tabi li ty F ig . 6 The i ns ta ll ed cap w ith i ts s ta in le ss s teel g ri d

Fig. 4 Covering with geotextile

Installation of a height-adjustable HUNO Water and Air

cap in conjunction with a Quadro-3 Subsurface Grille


41/175

Root Care 39

5959.05

HUNO Deep Aeration

Cost-effective with commercially-available KG/PVC pipe

PVC PipeDN / OD 110

The design of the height-adjustable HUNOWater and Air cap allows this to be adapted tosuit cost-effective KG pipes according to the DIN

EN 1401 standard with DN/OD 110 single-sidedplug-in sleeves to achieve deep aeration in ac-cordance with FLL guidelines. In this way, multiplecosts can be saved in an instant. A conventional

KG pipe can be sourced cost-effectively from yourlocal building distributor, leaving only the relatively

small and light cap to be ordered and deliveredfrom us.

The advantages:

Continuous height adjustment (20mm per rotation) to accommo-date different surface levels

Use of commercially-available KGpipes made from PVC-U according tothe DIN EN 1401 standard with DN/OD 110 single-sided plug-in sleeves

Suitable for all Tree Pit Construc-

tion Types and all tree pit volumes

Sturdy cast aluminium body

Stainless steel grid made from 3 mmnon-corrosive stainless steel

The square design allows easy in-stallation in all paved surfaces


Soak-awaygravel / lava stone

HUNO Deep Aerationin accordance with FLLguidelines with perforatedor slotted pipes and

groand anchor to preventvandalism

Ventilatedsoil area

30-1

50mm

265mm


42/17540 Root Ventilation Bollards

HUNO Root Ventilation Bollard

No more clogged supply systems

Possibilities and potential for improvement can be foand in all products, no mat-ter how good. Insufcient care can quickly lead to blockages in the vent capsso that irrigation and the soil-air gas exchange is no longer possible. The re-

movable root ventilation bollard was developed for this very reason and of-fers a combination of protective properties for people and plants.

The hollow steel/aluminium tube bollard is designed in an appealing manner and its

aluminium cast head is equipped with special ventilation openings on the side, throughwhich the soil-air gas exchange takes place. It is practically impossible for this system to

clog. The groand sleeve can be connected with root supply lines or a deep borehole.

Thanks to our many years of experience in the area of street furniture, weare in a position to provide you with a turnkey solution for almost every situa-tion you may encounter. Simply visit our website at: www.humberg-guss.de

The advantages:

Ideal for connecting different tree pits together

Steel pipe construction, hot-dip galvanised accord-ing to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

For existing trees and new plantings

For connection to deep aeration systems

Available in different designs and models Available in all RAL colours on request

Removable root

ventilation bollards in avariety of designs

Railing with rootventilation function

Deep aeration

Grass bollards toprotect planting

beds, trunk androots


43/175

Root Ventilation Bollards 41

Height above groand

Bollard: 900 mm

Gras bollard: 400 mm

Material

Steel pipe S235JR (EN 10 027-1), hot-dip galvanised

Aluminium tube, powder-coated

Aluminium cast

Surface nisha) hot-dip galvanisedb) hot-dip galvanised and powder-coated, black

micaceous iron oxide, metallic microstructurec) hot-dip galvanised and powder-coa-

ted, RAL colour as requested

For new plantings and existing trees

Combinable with all pipe systems to extend

the ventilated root zone

Classic I Nottuln Rosendahl I Parc Paris Wilhelmshafen

100

900

400

400

Gras bollard Bollard

Bollard designs*

* Further designs available on request or at www.humberg-guss.de


44/17542 Subsurface Tree Grilles

Subsurface Tree Grilles

In cities, tree pits are not just a site for a tree. Inaddition, they must also meet the requirementsset for trafc areas and parking spaces, public

places and pedestrian zones.

The HUMBERG Subsurface Tree Grilles in theQuadro series are practically invisible to the

observer after installation. They make a vitalcontribution to providing lasting protection to

the root zone of urban trees and are suited toensuring species-typical development and vitalityright through to an advanced age.

All our steel constructions are manufactured

from S235JR, hot-dip galvanised according to theDIN EN ISO 1461 standard and are available inmany different sizes and models. This makes them

suitable for all common trees and tree sizes.

Our Subsurface Tree Grilles are able to dischargeheavy trafc loads into the subsurface without

compacting the soil. This is achieved by theredistribution of impacting surface tensionforces onto individual support feet or a concrete

foandation, which absorb the forces of lateral roadpressure thus protecting the trees sensitive rootzone against soil compaction.

This ensures that the tree receives a sufcientsupply of oxygen and water over the long term andsimultaneously prevents surfaces or path coverings

from settling in the area of the andergroandtree pit. All Subsurface Tree Grilles are availablewith concrete foandations or steel support feetfoandations.

HUMBERG Subsurface Tree Grillesare available in two load classes::

1,5T wheel load*

Light-weight model for pedestriansand passenger car loads

1,5T wheel load*

Suitable to be driven over by emergencyvehicles or other commercial vehicles

Advantages:

Ideal integration of trees in newly-designed areas, open spaces

Low cleaning costs

Use of area close to the tree trunk

Suitable for all tree and bale sizes

The practical solution when

relocating large trees

Welded and/or bolted sectional steelstructure, pre-assembled at the factory,

available in one-piece or in multiple parts

Multiple-part models suitable for

subsequent installation around thesensitive root zone of existing trees ifpavements or paths must be fortied

Use of all substrates, also suitablefor layered substrate structure(upper and lower substrate)

For construction types I and II ofthe FLL recommendations (GermanLandscape Research, Development and

Construction Society) for planting trees.

Provides optimal ventilation for thetree pit and the root zone

Compatible with trench and deep aeration

Expandable to t all tree sizes and suitable

for tree pits with depths of up to 1.5 m;other tree pit depths available on request

Depending on the model, availablewith variable inner segments foradjusting in accordance with increasesin thickness of the trunk

On customer request available with

adjustable paving support frame

5,0T

1,0T

* max. static wheel load (unbraked)


45/175


max. root bale-

Quadro-

1

One piece welded, easy installation 46

+ For new tree plantings

+ Welded, one-piece steel construction

+ No assembly easy installation

+ Root bale- up to 100 cm

L The root bale may not exceedthe size of the planting hole!

Quadro-

2

Multiple parts, very large planting hole 48

+ Multiple parts , very large planting hole

+ Suitable for existing trees andnew tree plantings

+ Multiple parts , welded and boltedsteel construction. Easy assembly!

L For trees with a root-balediameter of up to 2 m

Quadro-

3

Multiple parts, bolted 50

+ Suitable for existing tree andnew tree plantings

+ Multiple parts, welded & boltedsteel construction

L Paving / path surface can bepositioned very close tothe base of the tree!

Quadro-

4

Including Tree Grille 52

+ Suitable for existing tree and new tree plantings

+ Multiple parts, welded andbolted steel construction

+ root bale- up to 150 cm

L Planting and paving can be carriedout at different times!

Quadro The Subsurface Tree Grille

The solution for new tree plantations and existing trees

max. root bale-

max. root bale-

max. root bale-



Quadro The Subsurface Tree Grille

Foandations and Accessories

Foandations and foandation options

1. Steel foandation footing (welded):

For positioning on concrete foan-dations prepared on-site or on abase layer prepared on-site.

+ Easy transportation

+ Quick installation

+ Special sizes are possiblewith only minor addi-tional expenditure

2. Reinforced concrete-prefabricated foandations

a) One piece (for new tree plantings)

b) Two or multiple parts (suitable fornew tree plantings and existing trees)

+ Optimal absorption of late-ral street pressures

+ Reduced construction time

+ Drying times are eliminated

Substrate separator (included in the scope of delivery)

1. Geotextile and steelmesh (zinc-coated)

The upper end of the treearea and the base for allsubsequent paving work

+ Min. 50 years stabili-ty in the groand/soil

+ Vylene-composite ma-teria l with pressure-resistant grid core sheets

2. Lateral woven wire mesh

A woven wire mesh made of untre-ated steel wire serves to separatethe plant substrate and the surro-

anding soil during installation.

+ Will yield to root growthdue to corrosion

L No absorption of la-teral pressures!

Paving support frame

1. Solid paving support frame

Included in the scope of delivery

+ Robust, hot-dip galvani-sed 5 mm steel section

2. Adjustable paving support frame

A separate component makes it possibleto align the level of the groand covering

with the subsurface grille using screws

+ Uncomplicated assembly

+ Adaptable to suit differentconstruction situations


47/175

Afzelia

SCHWETZINGEN

Subsurface Tree Grille QUADRO-3



48/175

AB

850

46 Quadro-1

Quadro-1

One piece welded

5923.01

A BWeight at wheel

load of 1,5TWeight at wheel

load of 5,0T

1. 1500 mm 700 mm / 800mm 180 kg / 170 kg 220 kg / 210 kg

2. 1700 mm 700 mm 200 kg 240 kg

3. 1800 mm 800 mm 220 kg 252 kg

4. 2000 mm 800 mm 245 kg 280 kg

5. 2200 mm 800 mm / 1000 mm 260 kg / 240 kg 310 kg / 290 kg

6. 2500 mm 800 mm 300 kg 350 kg


49/175

Steel mesh

Surface paving (on site)

Paving support frame(150 mm high)

Pavement bed(on site)

Welded steel feet(customised lengths

are possible)

Foandations(on site)

Geotextile

Irrigation kit includingheight-adjustable


Substrate separator

Quadro-1 47

Cost-effective solution for new tree plantings for root

bales with diameters of up to 100 cm

Simple, quick assembly

Root bale up to a max. of 100 cm can be planted through the aper ture

Planted in the prepared pit in a matter of minutes

Cost-effective construction without screw connections

Available on request with adjustable paving support frame

Models for wheel loads of 1.5T (cars) and 5T (trucks)

Models (foandation options)1. Including welded steel feet for positioning on:a) Foandations constructed on site

b) Base layer constructed on site

2. Including one-part or multiple-part concretefoandations to absorb lateral street pressures

Scope of delivery

One-part sectional steel structure,hot-dip galvanised according to theDIN EN ISO 1461 standard

Fasteners (screws, washers, screw anchors etc.)

Geotextile and steel mesh (zinc-coated)

Substrate separator depending oninstallation situation (woven wire mesh,steel mesh or root protective lm)

Irrigation system (including drainage pipe andheight-adjustable HUNO Water and Air Cap)


50/175

A

B

C

850

48 Quadro-2

Quadro-2

Outer frame with removable inner segment

5923.02

A B CWeight atwheel load

Weight atwheel load

1. 1500 mm 1500 mm 700 mm 230 kg 250 kg

2. 1800 mm 1800 mm 700 mm 280 kg 300 kg

3. 2000 mm 2000 mm 800 mm 350 kg 380 kg


51/175

Steel meshPavement bed(on site)

Surface paving(on site)

Inner segmentPaving support frame(hier 150 mm hoch)

Welded steel feetFoandation(on site)

Irrigation kit includingheight-adjustableHUNO Irrigation kit including

Substrate separator

Quadro-2 49

For large trees with root bale with diameters of up to 2 m

Outer frame with steel support feet

Insertable inner segment, self-supporting

Tree planting can be andertaken at the same time as paving work

On request available with adjustable paving support frame

Models for wheel loads of up to 1.5T (cars) and 5T (trucks)

Variable protection for new tree plantings and existing

trees ideal for designing open spaces

Models (foandation options)1. With welded steel feet for positioning on:a) Foandations constructed on site



3. Without feet, with on-site foanda-tions to protect existing trees

Scope of delivery

Multiple parts bolted, sectional steelstructure (inner segments and outerframe), hot-dip galvanised accordingto the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard


Irrigation kit (including drainage pipe and height-adjustable HUNO Water and Air Cap)




52/175

A

850

BC

50 Quadro-3

Quadro-3

With a removable inner segment

5923.03

A B CWeight at wheel

load of 1,5TWeight at wheel

load of 5,0T

1. 2200 mm 1400 mm 800 mm 340 kg 390 kg

2. 2500 mm 1400 mm 800 mm 480 kg 540 kg

3. 3000 mm 1400 mm 800 mm 640 kg 700 kg


53/175

Steel meshand Geotextile

Surface paving (on site) Paving support frame(hier 150 mm hoch)

Multiple-part foandation ringwith openings for root penetration(Optional)


Irrigation kit includingheight-adjustable


Quadro-3 51

For trees with a root bale with a diameter of up to 1.5 m

Self-supporting, removable inner segment, can be paved over up close to the neck of the tree

Tree planting can be andertaken at the same time as paving work

Available on request with adjustable paving support frame

Optimal solution for existing trees

Models for wheel loads of 1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks)

For trees with a bigger root bale diameter

the optimal solution for existing trees

Models (foandation options)1. With welded steel feet for positioning on:a) Foandations constructed on site



Scope of delivery

Multiple parts bolted, sectional steelstructure, hot-dip galvanised accordingto the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard


Irrigation kit (including drainage pipe andheight-adjustable HUNO Water and Air Cap)




54/175

A

850

B

52 Quadro-4

Quadro-4

Including Self-Supporting Tree Grille

5923.04

A B1,0T wheel load

(Weight plus grille)5,0T wheel load

(Weight plus grille)

1. 2200 mm 1500 mm 320 kg 410 kg

2. 2500 mm 1500 mm 400 kg 470 kg

3. 3000 mm 1500 mm 520 kg 590 kg


55/175

Steel mesh

Surface paving (on site)Self-supporting Tree Grille

(here our Ambio design) for awheel load of up to 5Tload,

Welded steel feet


Geotextile


Irrigation kit includingheight-adjustableHUNO Water and Air Cap

Quadro-4 53

For trees with a root bale of up to 1.5 m deployable for new tree plantings and for existing trees

Large root zone with optimal soil respiration

Optimal supply of water and nutrients to the root system

A wide range of tree grilles

Models for wheel loads of 1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks)

Protected trunk neck and additional

free root space created by the tree grille

Models (foandation options)1. With welded steel feet for positioning on:a) Foandations constructed on siteb) Base layer constructed on site

2. Including one-part or multiple-part concrete

foandations to absorb lateral street pressures

Scope of delivery

Multi-part bolted sectional steelstructure, hot-dip galvanised accordingto the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

Choice of tree grille


Irrigation kit (Including drainage pipe andheight-adjustable HUNO Water and Air Cap)




56/175


Welded steel feet

Quadro-PLUS

Steel meshand Geotextile

54 Unterur-Baumrost Quadro-PLUS

The Quadro-Plus is an add-on module for all tree protection grilles in the Quadro series and can beindividually tailored to suit your requirements. It is bolted and in each case expands the respective sub-surface grille by approx. 0.5 m for a wheel load of 5T and 0.75 m for a wheel load of 1.5T.

Ideal for linking tree pits together

Sectional steel structure, hot-dip galvanised according to the DIN EN ISO 1461 standard

Suitable for one-sided protection of trees on cycle paths and in car parks

Ideal to integrate existing trees in developments

Can also be deployed in conjunction with strip foandations Ideal to achieve an asymmetrical expansion of the root zone

Quadro-PLUS

Root bridge add-on module

5923.05


57/175

HUNO Water and Air Capwith stainless steel lid

Quadro-4withTree Grille Alea

Quadro-PLUS


Unterur-Baumrost Quadro-PLUS 55

Combinable with all Quadro models for

cost-effective extension of the plant room

Models (foandation options)1. With welded steel feet for positioning on:

a) Foandations constructed on site



Scope of delivery

Welded sectional steel structure,hot-dip galvanised according to theDIN EN ISO 1461 standard



Substrate separator depending oninstallation situation (woven wire mesh,

steel mesh or root protective lm)



Berlin Trainstation Sdkreuz

Subsurface Tree Grille Quadro-3


59/175

Trainstation Sdkreuz BERLIN





Schweinfurt Schillerplatz



61/175

Schillerplatz SCHWEINFURT





Schwetzingen Schlossplatz



63/175

Schlossplatz SCHWETZINGEN





Munich Simmernschool

Subsurface Tree Grille Quadro-4-Bavaria,

In cooperation with the City of Munich

Fig. 1 Insertion into the tree pit after screw connection

Fig. 3 Overlay / cover with expanded metal and Geotextile

Fig. 2 Aligning the HUNO water and air cap

Fig. 4 Completion of paving and planting the tree Fig. 5 The completed tree sites with flat-bar steel tree grille

To celebrate the 100-year anniversary of the se-

condary school on Simmernstrae in Munich, itwas decided to plant new trees. In close coopera-tion with the Local Depar tment for Landscaping,

our HUMBERG Quadro-4 was optimally adaptedto meet the specic requirements of the MunichGravel Plane in line with the ZTV-Vegtra M.

The project partners were delighted by the easeof installation and the positive cost/benet ratioof the solution lending this project a role modelcharacter. Here the ideal technical solution was

developed to lay different path surfaces and layerthicknesses close to the trunk.


65/175

WoodyAllen

togureouthowtogetthebarkon.

-probablybecauseitssohard

onlyGodcanmakeatree

Asthepoetsaid,



66/17564 Root Protection Bridges64 Root Protection Bridges

Root Protection Bridges

The Radix Root Protection Bridge System creates

additional space for controlled root growth and

thus protects valuable old tree populations. At the

same time, damages to paving and supply lines are

avoided because courtesy of the additional space

the roots are diverted away from these sensitive

zones.

Radix prevents soil compaction. In addition, sur-

face tension forces that could damage the soil andthe sensitive root system are directed away from

the roots, which in turn ensures long-term oxygen

supply to the sensitive root zones.

Every tree is a unique living organism, which leads

to each different location displaying very individual

characteristics. This uniqueness must be taken into

account in all planning. Prior to the commence-

ment of work, the historical, cultural and emotion-

al value of the trees to be protected must be de-

termined by an independent exper t. This expert

examines the physical condition (inspection of thetree) and determines its intrinsic value. After that,

the economical aspects of the proposed measures

must be discussed and the general public informed

about the planned measures.

Following realisation of the measures, the tree

roots will be able to embed and expand in the

substrate layer provided, thus ensuring that the

tree enjoys an optimal supply of water, nutrients

and oxygen in addition to high stability.

The Radix Root Protection Bridges are available

for wheel loads of up to 1.5T (cars) or 5T (trucks),

thus complying with the load classes for DIN EN

124/1229 as well as DIN 1072 Roads and road

bridges; load assumptions.

Naturally, our experienced construction and pro-

duction team we can also manufacture to accom-

modate higher load classes.


67/175

Root Protection Bridges 65

Wallenhorst, OSNABRCKRoot Protection Bridge Radix


68/175

Models (foandation options)1. Including variable steel feet foandations to

provide optimal conservation of the tree roots

2. Including concrete foandation plates or

strip foandations prepared on-site

Scope of delivery Welded sectional s teel structure,

hot-dip galvanised according to the

DIN EN ISO 1461 standard


Substrate separator depending on in-

stallation situation (woven wire mesh,

steel mesh, root-protective foil etc.)

66 Root Protection Bridges66 Root Protection Bridges

RadixRoot Protection Bridge

5923.06


concrete foandation

tile (on site)

Steel mesh

Radix


69/175

Ideal for designing avenues

Ideal for integrating existing trees in new developments

Optimal to achieve an asymmetrical ex tension of root zone

Models for wheel loads of up to 1.5T (cars) and 5T (trucks)


The solution for new tree plantings and existing trees

Geotextile

Radix


70/175

Frankfurt on the MainGoethe University Campus Westend



71/175


Goethe University FRANKFURT ON THE MAINRoot Protection Bridge RADIX


72/175

Community of Wallenhorst, OsnabrckRedevelopment of the curch surroandingsat the Old Pyer Churchlane



73/175


Community of Wallenhorst OSNABRCKRoot Protection Bridge RADIX


74/17572 Tree Grilles

Tree Grilles

Urban trees require special protection in orderto ensure their long-term well-being. Next to suf-cient water and oxygen, the prevention of soil

compaction and the diversion of pressure awayfrom the root zone is a prerequisite for healthytree growth.

The Tree Grilles in our ARBORIS series, whichwere presented with the red dot design award

2010, not only protect the root zone of urban treesagainst soil compaction caused by vehicles, but alsooffer additional protection for pedestrians thanksto their specially developed slip-resistant structure.

The grooves that are visible on the surface HUM-BERGs patented anti-slip protection are pro-duced during the manufacturing process.

The patented design blends in harmoniously withthe overall appearance of the tree grilles and elimi-nates the necessity for slip-resistant materials to be

applied subsequently. ARBORIS thereby links im-portant safety aspects for tree and man with highdemands with regard to quality and aesthetics.

Support framesYou can choose between three support framemodels for all our tree grilles:

1. Standard grille frame for wheel loadsof up to 1.5T for pedestrian and lightvehicle load, in two parts bolted

2. Support frame with welded pav-ing support frame for wheel loads

of up to 5T, in two parts bolted

3. Support frame with separate outerframe, for wheel loads of up to 5T. In-

cluding a removable support frame fortrees with ver y large root bales.

Reinforced concrete foandationAll reinforced concrete foandation rings are man-ufactured from C35/45, and are available in roandor square and in one part of multiple parts .

1. Light tree grille frame for wheel loads of up to 1.5T

2. Support fr ame for wheel loads of up to

5T Including welded paving support fr ame

3. Support frame for wheel loads up to 5T

Including separate outer frame


75/175

Tree Grilles 73

Cast Iron Grille Series ARBORIS 76

Aluminium Cast Grille AERO 94

Laser Grilles 98

Gratings 88


76/17574 Tragkonstruktionen

Support frames

1. Light tree grille frame for wheel loads of up to 1.5T 2. Support

humberg competence in tree protection 2012 english

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