Human GeographyPOPULATION, CULTURE, AND ECONOMICS

Did You Know…

• That the population of Morehead Kentucky is…

6,897 people? (July 2012)

• That the population of Kentucky is…

4,369,400 people? (July 2012)

• That the population of the United States is…

311,591,900 people? (July 2012)

• That the population of the world is…

7,035,000,000 people? (March 2012)

A Little Bit of Vocab

• Population – The number of people found in an area

• Population Density – The number of people living per unit of an area (ex. 10 people per square mile)

• Carrying Capacity- How many people can the Earth sustain

• Rural – Country, Spread out

• Urban – City, tightly packed

Population Change

• The world’s population has been growing at an incredible rate (especially since around 1500)

• Why do you think this is?– Advances in Technology– Advances in Medicine– Cleaner and safer living conditions– More?

Trends in Population Change• Rural-to-Urban Shift!!

– The industrial Revolution• As technology advanced and demand for manufactured goods went up, more and more

factories were being built.• Factories offered jobs and money that was more than a person could make on the farm• A huge population of Americans seeking work began to move from the farms and small

towns (rural) to the cities to work in the factories (urban)

– As income went up, family size went down. When this happened, a country was considered to be industrializing.

– Population became more and more centered in cities

Industrialization

• Industrialization impacts population in several ways– As income goes up, family size goes down– As medicine advanced and became more available, people lived

longer• Death Rate – Number of deaths per 1000 people

– As incomes went up, women began having fewer and fewer children BUT…the children that were born had a better chance of living.• Birth Rate – Number of births per 1000 people

• You can tell how industrialized a country is by looking at its birth rate and death rate

Industrializing Country

Industrialized Country

Developing or Developed?Uganda - Developing

Developing or Developed?U.S. - Developed

Culture

• Culture – The behaviors and beliefs of a social, ethnic, or age group. – Passed down through teaching, example, and immitation– Culture includes….

• Language• Clothing• Religion• Architecture• Economics• Food• Etc.

How is Culture Used?

• Culture Traits– The traits that make a culture unique

• What are some culture traits of Appalachia?– Tie to land and family– Agriculture– Southern Hospitality

• Culture Region– An area where people have shared culture traits

• Appalachia is a Culture Region

Palestinians Sikhs

Culture Change

• As time goes on cultures change. – This change can take many shapes

Clothing

1920’s 1950’s 1970’s Today

Language

• http://www.inthe70s.com/generated/terms.shtml

Technology

• Photo of someone riding a horse next to a photo of a family in a car

• Photo of a classroom with children using typewritiers next to a photo of a kid texting

Technology

How Do Cultures Change?

• Acculturation– When an one or more people adopt the traits of another culture

• Diffusion– When an idea spreads from one person or group to another and is

adopted.

• Globalization– When ideas and different culture traits spread around the world and

cultures become more alike

• Influence of Immigration and Migration

Migration and Immigration

• Map of harlem rennesance and photo of the event

• Map of mexican immigration and a photo of mexican food

Title

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4 Types of Economic Activities

• Primary– Extracting raw materials (mining, farming, etc.)

• Secondary– Manufacturing, making finished goods (engineering, manufacturing,

etc.)

• Tertiary– Service Industry (Police, firefighters, doctors, etc.)

• Quadrinary– Spreading of information (newspapers, internet, etc.)

• George, a miner, has made his living for the past 30 years mining Iron Ore in Pennsylvania. One day, after quitting time, George wonders what happens to the iron after he sends it away. Little does George know, the iron that he digs out of the ground goes on a long journey once he is done with it. Not long after the iron leaves the Pennsylvania mines, it arrives at a factory in Northern Ohio in the form of a round piece of metal. It is here that Jenna, an 18 year old college student, connects the metal to a rubber hose completing her part of the process to make a stethoscope. Once it is completed, the stethoscope arrives at Morehead State University in Morehead Kentucky where it is used by Andrew, a young man who aspires to be a doctor one day. This stethoscope will be a very important part of Andrew’s education at MSU. Ten years later, a website designer names Tom gets a letter from a young doctor named Andrew. Andrew wants to open a doctor’s office of his own but doesn’t know how to get the word out. He asks Tom to help him design a website to help him get started.

3 Types of Economic Systems

• Traditional (Subsistance)– People make goods for themeselves or family– Little surplus or trading– Usually found in poorer countries

• Market Economy– People freely choose what to buy and sell– Free enterprise– Competition dictates prices– Driven by Profit (Capitolism)– Specialization

3 Types of Economic Systems (cont.)

• Command Economy– Government decides what to make, how much to make, and what

price it should be sold at– Bread may be made for 1 dollar but sold for 25 cents so that people

can afford it.