Human Ecology

1a

Urie Bronfenbrenner developed this theory. Human development is viewed as occurring within a network of social systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem). We are active participants in our human ecology, both adapting to and influencing the social interactions that take place around us.

1b

Microsystem

2a

a concept associated with Bronfenbrenners’ Ecological Theory. The microsystem includes those social systems which are closest to a child’s daily life, like the classroom and home.

2b

Mesosystem

3a

a concept associated with Bronfenbrenners’ Ecological Theory. The mesosystem reflects the number and quality of linkages between children’s microsystems. The family-school partnership is one example of a mesosystem

3b

Exosystem

4a

a concept associated with Bronfenbrenners’ Ecological Theory. The exosystem includes those social systems in which children do not directly participate but are nevertheless influenced by the decisions of those who do participate. Examples include school administrative bodies, community agencies, businesses, and the federal government.

4b

Macrosystem

5a

a concept associated with Bronfenbrenners’ Ecological Theory. The macrosystem reflects the cultural values, beliefs, and customs which govern priorities and interactions in other social systems.

5b

Chronosystem

6a

a concept associated with Bronfenbrenners Ecology Theory. The Chronosystem reflects the changes that occur in our human ecology over time.

6b

Longitudinal Studies

7a

research studies that focus on changes in behavior, attitudes, and scores over time

7b

Family Backpacks

8a

these are designed to reinforce classroom learning experiences in the home environment. Backpacks contain all the materials and directions that parents need to complete an educational activity at home with their children

8b

Tip Sheets

9a

these provide families with practical information about their children’s education and general well-being.

9b

Activity Calendars

10a

serve two purposes: (a) they remind families about upcoming classroom and family involvement events and (b) they contain simple at-home educational activities that are linked to classroom lessons

10b

Activity Cards

11a

these index or other types of cards are used to deliver brief home-based educational activities. Activity cards typically are easier to construct and implement than other home-based family involvement strategies.

11b