hubble telescope. space and universe universe is made up of all existing things, including space...
TRANSCRIPT
2-1 The Solar System
Space and Universe Universe is made up of all existing things, including space
and earth Space is filled with objects called stars. Most are found in
galaxies. Milky Way
Milky Way
Planets Planets- major bodies that orbit a star
Four inner planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Terrestrial- which means solid, rocky surfaces
Five outer planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto Mainly gaseous, with the exception of Pluto which has
a rocky core
Sun, Earth, and Moon Diameter of sun = 865,000 miles, more than 100 times
greater than the earth Earth’s diameter=8,000 miles
Earth is the third planet from the sun Fifth largest planet Earth’s orbit is elliptical
Moon is 240,000 miles away ¼ the size of earth Influences the earth’s ocean tides
Rotation, Revolution, Tilt Solar energy- energy that comes from the sun, which all of
the earth’s energy comes from Affects weather, plants, animals, and human
Rotation One complete spin of earth on its axis Takes 24 hours Rotates in a west to east direction See the effects as the sun rises in the east and sets in the west Allows the entire planet to receive the warming effect of
daylight and the cooling effect of darkness
Revolution Earth also revolves around the sun Elliptical orbit every 365 ¼ days, 1 year Every 4th year, have an extra day in February
Tilt Tilted 23 ½ degrees from perpendicular Affects the amount of solar energy that different places
receive during the year
Section 2- Earth-Sun Relationships
Solar energy and Latitude Different places on the earth receive different amounts of
solar energy Near the equator receives a lot yearly Tropics- warm low latitude areas near the equator Polar regions- areas of high latitude and colder regions near
the North and South Poles receive less solar energy
Seasons The Seasons
Times with greater or lesser heat Winter, spring, summer, fall Summer
Solar energy is stronger, warmer and longer days Winter
Solar energy is weaker, colder and shorter days Spring/Fall
Solar energy is more evenly distributed Daylight and darkness are more equal
Seasons
Tilt of the earth causes Northern and Southern Hemispheres to have opposite seasons
Solstice The time that the Earth’s poles point at their
greatest angle toward or away from the Sun Occur each year around Dec. 21, and June 21 Winter Solstice (Dec 21)
Northern Hemisphere- shortest day, first day of winter
Sun most direct rays strike the Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic Circle- receives 24 hours of daylightArctic Circle- recieves 24 hrs of darkness
Chapter 2-3 The Earth System
4 major parts of Earth’s System that are all linked together Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere biosphere
Atmosphere Shell of gases that surround the Earth
Extends from the earths surface to space Gravity holds the atmosphere in place 78%nitrogen, 21%oxygen, and rest is made up
of CO2, and other gases Protects the Earth from the Sun’s harmful
radiation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1YAOT92wuD8
Lithosphere
Solid Crust of the planet All the land on the earth Forms, continents, islands and ocean floors
Hydrosphere All the Earth’s water
Liquid, solid, and gaseous forms Covers about 70% of the earth’s surface
Part of the Earth that includes all life forms Includes plants and animals Extends deep in the ocean to the atmosphere Overlaps the other 3
Biosphere