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Goal: one cell creates two newGoal: one cell creates two new identical cellsidentical cells
1.Interphase – period of rapid growth – all materials are doubling
2. Mitosis - nucleus of cell divides [4 stages] Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
3. Cytokinesis - cytoplasm divides
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1.Growth – allows organism to reach maturity 2. Replace worn out cells- every cell dies at some point
3. Repair damaged cells – allows damaged areas of organisms to be fixed
Cells that do not go through cell cycle: Muscle & Nerve
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Nuclearmembrane
Chromosome
Cell membrane
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* Cell Membrane, nuclear membrane, cytoplasm, and all organelles double
* DNA doubles
* DNA long, thin threads = chromatin
*Cell needs to double all materials in order to be able make two new cells
[Increasing]
Cell membrane
Chromatin Nuclearmembrane
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*DNA shortens and coils- chromosomes appear
*Centromeres appear [hold chromosomes together]
*Spindle fibers appear
*Centrioles appear [poles found in animal cells, will guide chromosome movement]
* Nuclear membrane begins to disappear
[Preparing]
Centromere Nuclearmembrane
Centrioles
Spindle fibers
Chromosome
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[Middle]
*Chromosomes line up in center of cell and attach to spindle fibers
* Spindle fibers attach to centrioles
Centriole
Spindle fiber Chromosome
Centromere
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*Centrioles tug on spindle fibers pulling chromosomes apart
* Centromeres are lost
[Apart]
Chromosome
Spindle fiber
Centriole
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*Two new nuclear membranes appear creating two new identical nuclei
*Spindle fibers and centrioles disappear
[Two new]
ChromosomeNuclear membrane
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* Cytokinesis = cytoplasm divides
How?* Animals- cell membrane pinches * Plants- Cell plate grows from center inward of cell outward
[cytoplasm divides]
Cell membrane
Nuclear membrane
Cell PlateChromosomes
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* Two new cells identical to parent cell and each other
* Each cell contains same number of chromosomes as parent cell
Chromosome
Nuclearmembrane
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Cell Growth
DNA duplicates and cell grows
Cytokinesis
Interphase = 80%All Materials Double
Nucleus Doubles
Cytoplasm Divides
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IInterphasePProphaseMMetaphaseAAnaphaseTTelophaseCCytokinesisDDaughter Cells
II
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