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Understanding and Troubleshooting H S R P P roblem s in C ataly st S w itc h N etw ork s Contents Introduction P re re q uis ite s R e q u i r e m e n t s Co m p o n e n ts U sed Co n v e n t io n s U nde rs ta nd H SR P Background In f o r m ation Ba s i c O p e r a t i o n HS R P T e r m s HS R P Ad d r e s s in g ICM P R e d i r e c t s HS R P Fu n c tio n a lity M atrix HS R P Fe a tu r e s P a c k e t Fo r m at HS R P States HS R P T im ers HS R P Ev e n ts HS R P Ac t i o n s HS R P S ta te Table P a c k e t Fl o w T roub le s h oot H SR P C a s e S tudie s Ca s e S t u d y # 1: HS R P S ta n d b y IP Ad d r e s s Is R e p o r te d a s a Du p lic a te IP Address Ca s e S tu d y # 2: HS R P State Co n tin u o u s ly Ch a n g e s ( Ac tiv e , S ta n d b y , S p e a k ) o r % HS R P - 6 - S T AT ECHAN GE Ca s e S tu d y # 3: HS R P Do e s N ot R e c o g n i z e P e e r Ca s e Study # 4: HS R P S ta te Ch a n g e s a n d S w itc h R e p o r ts SY S - 4 - P 2_ W AR N : 1/ Ho st < m a c _ a d d r e s s > Is Fl a p p in g Be tw e e n P o r t < p o r t_ 1> a n d Port < p o r t _ 2> in Syslog Ca s e S tu d y # 5: HS R P S ta te Ch a n g e s a n d S w itc h R eports R T D - 1 - ADDR _ FL AP in S y s l o g Ca s e S tu d y # 6: HS R P S ta te Ch a n g e s a n d S w itc h R eports M L S - 4 - M O V EO V ER FL O W :T o o m a n y m o v e s , s to p M L S f o r 5 s e c ( 20000000) i n Syslog Ca s e S tu d y # 7: HS R P In te r m itte n t S ta te Ch a n g e s o n M u ltic a s t S tu b N etw ork Ca s e S tu d y # 8: As ym m etric R o u t i n g a n d HS R P ( Ex c e s s iv e Fl o o d in g o f U n ic a s t T raffic i n N e t w o r k w i t h R o u t e r s T h a t R u n HS R P) Ca s e S tu d y # 9: HS R P V ir tu a l IP Ad d r e s s Is R e p o r te d a s a Different IP Address Ca s e Study # 10: HS R P Ca u s e s M AC V io la tio n o n a S e c u r e Port TAC Notice: What's C han g in g o n T A C We b H el p u s h el p y ou . Please rate this d o c u m en t. Excellent G o o d A v er a g e F a i r P o o r T his d o c u m en t so lv ed m y p ro b lem . Y es N o J u s t brow s ing S u g g estio n s f o r im p ro v em en t: ( 2 5 6 ch a r a cter lim i t) Send P a g e 1 o f 59 Cisco - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b le m s in Ca ta ly s t S w itc h N etw orks 1/ 28/ 2008 h t t p : / / k b a s e .c is c o .c o m /paw s/servlet/V iew Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r tP a t h s = 1

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Page 1: HSRP Troubleshooting

Understanding and Troubleshooting H S R P P roblem s in C ataly st S w itc h N etw ork s

Contents Introduction P re re q uis ite s R e q u i r e m e n t s Co m p o n e n t s U s e d Co n v e n t i o n s U nde rs ta nd H S R P Ba c k g r o u n d In f o r m a t i o n Ba s i c O p e r a t i o n HS R P T e r m s HS R P Ad d r e s s i n g ICM P R e d i r e c t s HS R P Fu n c t i o n a l i t y M a t r i x HS R P Fe a t u r e s P a c k e t Fo r m a t HS R P S t a t e s HS R P T i m e r s HS R P Ev e n t s HS R P Ac t i o n s HS R P S t a t e T a b l e P a c k e t Fl o w T roub l e s h oot H S R P C a s e S tudie s Ca s e S t u d y # 1: HS R P S t a n d b y IP Ad d r e s s Is R e p o r t e d a s a Du p l i c a t e IP Ad d r e s s Ca s e S t u d y # 2: HS R P S t a t e Co n t i n u o u s l y Ch a n g e s ( Ac t i v e , S t a n d b y , S p e a k ) o r %HS R P -6-S T AT ECHAN GE Ca s e S t u d y # 3: HS R P Do e s N o t R e c o g n i z e P e e r Ca s e S t u d y # 4: HS R P S t a t e Ch a n g e s a n d S w i t c h R e p o r t s S Y S -4-P 2_ W AR N : 1/ Ho s t < m a c _ a d d r e s s > Is Fl a p p i n g Be t w e e n P o r t < p o r t _ 1> a n d P o r t < p o r t _ 2> i n S y s l o g Ca s e S t u d y # 5: HS R P S t a t e Ch a n g e s a n d S w i t c h R e p o r t s R T D-1-ADDR _ FL AP i n S y s l o g Ca s e S t u d y # 6: HS R P S t a t e Ch a n g e s a n d S w i t c h R e p o r t s M L S -4-M O V EO V ER FL O W : T o o m a n y m o v e s , s t o p M L S f o r 5 s e c ( 20000000) i n S y s l o g Ca s e S t u d y # 7: HS R P In t e r m i t t e n t S t a t e Ch a n g e s o n M u l t i c a s t S t u b N e t w o r k Ca s e S t u d y # 8: As y m m e t r i c R o u t i n g a n d HS R P ( Ex c e s s i v e Fl o o d i n g o f U n i c a s t T r a f f i c i n N e t w o r k w i t h R o u t e r s T h a t R u n HS R P ) Ca s e S t u d y # 9: HS R P V i r t u a l IP Ad d r e s s Is R e p o r t e d a s a Di f f e r e n t IP Ad d r e s s Ca s e S t u d y # 10: HS R P Ca u s e s M AC V i o l a t i o n o n a S e c u r e P o r t

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P a g e 1 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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Ca s e S t u d y # 11: % In t e r f a c e Ha r d w a r e Ca n n o t S u p p o r t M u l t i p l e Gr o u p s H S R P T roub l e s h ooting M odul e s f or C a tO S S w itch e s A. V e r i f y HS R P R o u t e r Co n f i g u r a t i o n B. V e r i f y Ca t a l y s t Fa s t Et h e r Ch a n n e l a n d T r u n k i n g Co n f i g u r a t i o n C. V e r i f y P h y s i c a l L a y e r Co n n e c t i v i t y D. L a y e r 3 HS R P De b u g g i n g E. S p a n n i n g T r e e T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g F. CGM P L e a v e P r o c e s s i n g a n d HS R P In t e r o p e r a b i l i t y G. Di v i d e a n d Co n q u e r K now n Is s ue s N u m b e r o f HS R P Gr o u p s S u p p o r t e d f o r Ca t a l y s t 6500/ 6000 S e r i e s P FC2/ M S FC2 a n d Ca t a l y s t 3550 HS R P S t a t e Fl a p p i n g / U n s t a b l e W h e n Y o u U s e Ci s c o 2620/ 2621, Ci s c o 3600 w i t h Fa s t Et h e r n e t , o r P A-2FEIS L HS R P S t u c k i n In i t i a l o r Ac t i v e S t a t e o n Ci s c o 2620/ 2621, Ci s c o 3600 w i t h Fa s t Et h e r n e t , o r P A-2FEIS L U n a b l e t o P i n g HS R P S t a n d b y Ad d r e s s o n Ci s c o 2500 a n d 4500 S e r i e s R o u t e r s M L S Fl o w s Ar e N o t Cr e a t e d f o r De v i c e s T h a t U s e HS R P S t a n d b y IP Ad d r e s s a s De f a u l t Ga t e w a y Ca t a l y s t 2948G, 2980G, 4912G, 4003, a n d 4006 HS R P -CGM P In t e r o p e r a b i l i t y Is s u e s N e tP ro D is cus s ion F orum s - F e a ture d C onv e rs a tions R e l a te d Inf orm a tion

I ntr od u c ti on Be c a u s e o f t h e n a t u r e o f t h e Ho t S t a n d b y R o u t e r P r o t o c o l ( HS R P ), s p e c i f i c n e t w o r k p r o b l e m s c a n l e a d t o HS R P i n s t a b i l i t y . T h i s d o c u m e n t c o v e r s c o m m o n i s s u e s a n d w a y s t o t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P p r o b l e m s . M o s t HS R P -r e l a t e d p r o b l e m s a r e n o t t r u e HS R P i s s u e s . In s t e a d , t h e y a r e n e t w o r k p r o b l e m s t h a t a f f e c t t h e b e h a v i o r o f HS R P . T h i s d o c u m e n t c o v e r s t h e s e m o s t -c o m m o n i s s u e s t h a t r e l a t e t o HS R P :

� R o u t e r r e p o r t o f a d u p l i c a t e HS R P s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s � Co n s t a n t HS R P s t a t e c h a n g e s ( active, stan d b y , sp eak ) � M i s s i n g HS R P p e e r s � S w i t c h e r r o r m e s s a g e s t h a t r e l a t e t o HS R P � Ex c e s s i v e n e t w o r k u n i c a s t f l o o d i n g t o t h e HS R P c o n f i g u r a t i o n

N ote : T h i s d o c u m e n t d e t a i l s h o w t o t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P i n Ca t a l y s t s w i t c h e n v i r o n m e n t s . T h e d o c u m e n t c o n t a i n s m a n y r e f e r e n c e s t o s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n s a n d n e t w o r k t o p o l o g y d e s i g n . N e v e r t h e l e s s , t h e s o l e p u r p o s e o f t h i s d o c u m e n t i s t o f a c i l i t a t e a n d g u i d e e n g i n e e r s o n w h o t o t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P . T h i s d o c u m e n t i s n o t i n t e n d e d t o b e a d e s i g n g u i d e , s o f t w a r e -r e c o m m e n d a t i o n d o c u m e n t , o r a b e s t p r a c t i c e s d o c u m e n t .

P a g e 2 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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P r er eq u i si tes Requirements T h e r e a r e n o s p e c i f i c r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r t h i s d o c u m e n t .

C o mp o nents U sed T h i s d o c u m e n t i s n o t r e s t r i c t e d t o s p e c i f i c s o f t w a r e a n d h a r d w a r e v e r s i o n s . T h e i n f o r m a t i o n i n t h i s d o c u m e n t w a s c r e a t e d f r o m t h e d e v i c e s i n a s p e c i f i c l a b e n v i r o n m e n t . Al l o f t h e d e v i c e s u s e d i n t h i s d o c u m e n t s t a r t e d w i t h a c l e a r e d ( d e f a u l t ) c o n f i g u r a t i o n . If y o u r n e t w o r k i s l i v e , m a k e s u r e t h a t y o u u n d e r s t a n d t h e p o t e n t i a l i m p a c t o f a n y c o m m a n d .

C o nv entio ns R e f e r t o Ci s c o T e c h n i c a l T i p s Co n v e n t i o n s f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n d o c u m e n t c o n v e n t i o n s .

U nd er sta nd H S R P B a c k g ro und I nf o rma tio n Bu s i n e s s e s a n d c o n s u m e r s t h a t r e l y o n i n t r a n e t a n d In t e r n e t s e r v i c e s f o r t h e i r m i s s i o n -c r i t i c a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n s r e q u i r e a n d e x p e c t t h e i r n e t w o r k s a n d a p p l i c a t i o n s t o b e c o n t i n u o u s l y a v a i l a b l e t o t h e m . Cu s t o m e r s c a n s a t i s f y t h e i r d e m a n d s f o r n e a r -100 p e r c e n t n e t w o r k u p t i m e i f t h e y l e v e r a g e t h e HS R P i n Ci s c o IO S ® S o f t w a r e . HS R P , w h i c h i s u n i q u e t o Ci s c o p l a t f o r m s , p r o v i d e s n e t w o r k r e d u n d a n c y f o r IP n e t w o r k s i n a m a n n e r t h a t e n s u r e s t h a t u s e r t r a f f i c i m m e d i a t e l y a n d t r a n s p a r e n t l y r e c o v e r s f r o m f i r s t -h o p f a i l u r e s i n n e t w o r k e d g e d e v i c e s o r a c c e s s c i r c u i t s . T w o o r m o r e r o u t e r s c a n a c t a s a s i n g l e , v i r t u a l r o u t e r i f t h e y s h a r e a n IP a d d r e s s a n d a M AC ( L a y e r 2 [ L 2] ) a d d r e s s . T h e a d d r e s s i s n e c e s s a r y f o r h o s t w o r k s t a t i o n d e f a u l t g a t e w a y r e d u n d a n c y . M o s t h o s t w o r k s t a t i o n s d o n o t c o n t a i n r o u t i n g t a b l e s a n d u s e o n l y a s i n g l e n e x t h o p IP a n d M AC a d d r e s s . T h i s a d d r e s s i s k n o w n a s a d e f a u l t g a t e w a y . W i t h HS R P , m e m b e r s o f t h e v i r t u a l r o u t e r g r o u p c o n t i n u a l l y e x c h a n g e s t a t u s m e s s a g e s . O n e r o u t e r c a n a s s u m e t h e r o u t i n g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f a n o t h e r i f a r o u t e r g o e s o u t o f c o m m i s s i o n f o r e i t h e r p l a n n e d o r u n p l a n n e d r e a s o n s . Ho s t s a r e c o n f i g u r e d w i t h a s i n g l e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y a n d c o n t i n u e t o f o r w a r d IP p a c k e t s t o a c o n s i s t e n t IP a n d M AC a d d r e s s . T h e c h a n g e o v e r o f d e v i c e s t h a t d o t h e r o u t i n g i s t r a n s p a r e n t t o t h e e n d w o r k s t a t i o n s . N ote : Y o u c a n c o n f i g u r e h o s t w o r k s t a t i o n s t h a t r u n M i c r o s o f t O S f o r m u l t i p l e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y s . Bu t , t h e m u l t i p l e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y s a r e n o t d y n a m i c . T h e O S o n l y u s e s o n e s i n g l e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y a t a t i m e . T h e s y s t e m o n l y s e l e c t s a n a d d i t i o n a l c o n f i g u r e d d e f a u l t g a t e w a y a t b o o t t i m e i f t h e f i r s t c o n f i g u r e d d e f a u l t g a t e w a y i s d e t e r m i n e d u n r e a c h a b l e b y In t e r n e t Co n t r o l M a n a g e m e n t P r o t o c o l ( ICM P ).

B a sic O p era tio n A s e t o f r o u t e r s t h a t r u n HS R P w o r k s i n c o n c e r t t o p r e s e n t t h e i l l u s i o n o f a s i n g l e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y r o u t e r t o t h e h o s t s o n t h e L AN . T h i s s e t o f r o u t e r s i s k n o w n a s a n HS R P g r o u p o r s t a n d b y g r o u p . A s i n g l e r o u t e r t h a t i s e l e c t e d f r o m t h e g r o u p i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e f o r w a r d i n g o f t h e p a c k e t s t h a t h o s t s s e n d t o

P a g e 3 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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t h e v i r t u a l r o u t e r . T h i s r o u t e r i s k n o w n a s t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . An o t h e r r o u t e r i s e l e c t e d a s t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r . If t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r f a i l s , t h e s t a n d b y a s s u m e s t h e p a c k e t f o r w a r d i n g d u t i e s . Al t h o u g h a n a r b i t r a r y n u m b e r o f r o u t e r s m a y r u n HS R P , o n l y t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r f o r w a r d s t h e p a c k e t s t h a t a r e s e n t t o t h e v i r t u a l r o u t e r IP a d d r e s s . In o r d e r t o m i n i m i z e n e t w o r k t r a f f i c , o n l y t h e a c t i v e a n d t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r s s e n d p e r i o d i c HS R P m e s s a g e s a f t e r t h e p r o t o c o l h a s c o m p l e t e d t h e e l e c t i o n p r o c e s s . Ad d i t i o n a l r o u t e r s i n t h e HS R P g r o u p r e m a i n i n t h e L isten s t a t e . If t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r f a i l s , t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r t a k e s o v e r a s t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . If t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r f a i l s o r b e c o m e s t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r , a n o t h e r r o u t e r i s e l e c t e d a s t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r . Ea c h s t a n d b y g r o u p e m u l a t e s a s i n g l e v i r t u a l r o u t e r ( d e f a u l t g a t e w a y ). Fo r e a c h g r o u p , a s i n g l e w e l l -k n o w n M AC a n d IP a d d r e s s i s a l l o c a t e d t o t h a t g r o u p . M u l t i p l e s t a n d b y g r o u p s c a n c o e x i s t a n d o v e r l a p o n a L AN , a n d i n d i v i d u a l r o u t e r s c a n p a r t i c i p a t e i n m u l t i p l e g r o u p s . In t h i s c a s e , t h e r o u t e r m a i n t a i n s a s e p a r a t e s t a t e a n d t i m e r s f o r e a c h g r o u p .

H S RP T erms

H S RP A d d ressing H S R P R oute r C om m unica tion R o u t e r s t h a t r u n HS R P c o m m u n i c a t e HS R P i n f o r m a t i o n b e t w e e n e a c h o t h e r t h r o u g h HS R P h e l l o p a c k e t s . T h e s e p a c k e t s a r e s e n t t o t h e d e s t i n a t i o n IP m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s 224.0.0.2 o n U s e r Da t a g r a m P r o t o c o l ( U DP ) p o r t 1985. IP m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s 224.0.0.2 i s a r e s e r v e d m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s t h a t i s u s e d t o c o m m u n i c a t e t o a l l r o u t e r s . T h e a c t i v e r o u t e r s o u r c e s h e l l o p a c k e t s f r o m i t s c o n f i g u r e d IP a d d r e s s a n d t h e HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s . T h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r s o u r c e s h e l l o s f r o m i t s c o n f i g u r e d IP a d d r e s s a n d t h e b u r n e d -i n M AC a d d r e s s ( BIA). T h i s u s e o f s o u r c e a d d r e s s i n g i s n e c e s s a r y s o t h a t HS R P r o u t e r s c a n c o r r e c t l y i d e n t i f y e a c h o t h e r . In m o s t c a s e s , w h e n y o u c o n f i g u r e r o u t e r s t o b e p a r t o f a n HS R P g r o u p , t h e r o u t e r s l i s t e n f o r t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s f o r t h a t g r o u p a s w e l l a s t h e i r o w n BIA. T h e o n l y e x c e p t i o n t o t h i s b e h a v i o r i s f o r Ci s c o 2500, 4000, a n d 4500 r o u t e r s . T h e s e r o u t e r s h a v e Et h e r n e t h a r d w a r e t h a t o n l y r e c o g n i z e s a s i n g l e M AC a d d r e s s . T h e r e f o r e , t h e s e r o u t e r s u s e t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s w h e n t h e y s e r v e a s t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . T h e r o u t e r s u s e t h e i r BIA w h e n t h e y s e r v e a s t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r .

T e rm D e f inition Ac t i v e r o u t e r

T h e r o u t e r t h a t c u r r e n t l y f o r w a r d s p a c k e t s f o r t h e v i r t u a l r o u t e r

S t a n d b y r o u t e r T h e p r i m a r y b a c k u p r o u t e r S t a n d b y g r o u p

T h e s e t o f r o u t e r s t h a t p a r t i c i p a t e i n HS R P a n d j o i n t l y e m u l a t e a v i r t u a l r o u t e r

He l l o t i m e T h e i n t e r v a l b e t w e e n s u c c e s s i v e HS R P h e l l o m e s s a g e s f r o m a g i v e n r o u t e r

Ho l d t i m e T h e i n t e r v a l b e t w e e n t h e r e c e i p t o f a h e l l o m e s s a g e a n d t h e p r e s u m p t i o n t h a t t h e s e n d i n g r o u t e r h a s f a i l e d

P a g e 4 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H S R P S ta ndb y IP A ddre s s C om m unica tion on A l l M e dia E x ce p t T ok e n R ing Be c a u s e h o s t w o r k s t a t i o n s a r e c o n f i g u r e d w i t h t h e i r d e f a u l t g a t e w a y a s t h e HS R P s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s , h o s t s m u s t c o m m u n i c a t e w i t h t h e M AC a d d r e s s t h a t i s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e HS R P s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s . T h i s M AC a d d r e s s i s a v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s t h a t i s c o m p o s e d o f 0000.0c 07.a c * * . T h e * * i s t h e HS R P g r o u p n u m b e r i n h e x a d e c i m a l , b a s e d o n t h e r e s p e c t i v e i n t e r f a c e . Fo r e x a m p l e , HS R P g r o u p 1 u s e s t h e HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s o f 0000.0c 07.a c 01. Ho s t s o n t h e a d j o i n i n g L AN s e g m e n t u s e t h e n o r m a l Ad d r e s s R e s o l u t i o n P r o t o c o l ( AR P ) p r o c e s s i n o r d e r t o r e s o l v e t h e a s s o c i a t e d M AC a d d r e s s e s . H S R P S ta ndb y IP A ddre s s C om m unica tion on T ok e n R ing M e dia T o k e n R i n g i n t e r f a c e s u s e f u n c t i o n a l a d d r e s s e s f o r t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s . Fu n c t i o n a l a d d r e s s e s a r e t h e o n l y g e n e r a l m u l t i c a s t m e c h a n i s m a v a i l a b l e . T h e r e i s a l i m i t e d n u m b e r o f T o k e n R i n g f u n c t i o n a l a d d r e s s e s a v a i l a b l e , a n d m a n y o f t h e s e a d d r e s s e s a r e r e s e r v e d f o r o t h e r f u n c t i o n s . T h e s e t h r e e a d d r e s s e s a r e t h e o n l y a d d r e s s e s a v a i l a b l e f o r u s e w i t h HS R P :

c0 0 0 . 0 0 0 1. 0 0 0 0 ( g r o u p 0 ) c0 0 0 . 0 0 0 2 . 0 0 0 0 ( g r o u p 1) c0 0 0 . 0 0 0 4. 0 0 0 0 ( g r o u p 2 )

T h e r e f o r e , y o u c a n c o n f i g u r e o n l y t h r e e HS R P g r o u p s o n T o k e n R i n g i n t e r f a c e s , u n l e s s y o u c o n f i g u r e t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia p a r a m e t e r .

I C M P Red irec ts HS R P p e e r r o u t e r s t h a t p r o t e c t a s u b n e t a r e a b l e t o p r o v i d e a c c e s s t o a l l o t h e r s u b n e t s i n t h e n e t w o r k . T h i s i s t h e b a s i s o f HS R P . T h e r e f o r e , w h i c h r o u t e r b e c o m e s t h e a c t i v e HS R P r o u t e r i s i r r e l e v a n t . In Ci s c o IO S s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e s e a r l i e r t h a n Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 3)T , ICM P r e d i r e c t s a r e a u t o m a t i c a l l y d i s a b l e d o n a n i n t e r f a c e w h e n HS R P i s u s e d o n t h a t i n t e r f a c e . W i t h o u t t h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n , t h e h o s t s c a n b e r e d i r e c t e d a w a y f r o m t h e HS R P v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s a n d t o w a r d a n i n t e r f a c e IP a n d M AC a d d r e s s o f a s i n g l e r o u t e r . R e d u n d a n c y i s l o s t . Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 3)T i n t r o d u c e s a m e t h o d t o a l l o w ICM P r e d i r e c t s w i t h HS R P . T h i s m e t h o d f i l t e r s o u t b o u n d ICM P r e d i r e c t m e s s a g e s t h r o u g h HS R P . T h e n e x t h o p IP a d d r e s s i s c h a n g e d t o a n HS R P v i r t u a l a d d r e s s . T h e g a t e w a y IP a d d r e s s i n t h e o u t b o u n d ICM P r e d i r e c t m e s s a g e i s c o m p a r e d t o a l i s t o f HS R P a c t i v e r o u t e r s t h a t a r e p r e s e n t o n t h a t n e t w o r k . If t h e r o u t e r t h a t c o r r e s p o n d s t o t h e g a t e w a y IP a d d r e s s i s a n a c t i v e r o u t e r f o r a n HS R P g r o u p , t h e g a t e w a y IP a d d r e s s i s r e p l a c e d w i t h t h a t g r o u p v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s . T h i s s o l u t i o n a l l o w s h o s t s t o l e a r n o p t i m a l r o u t e s t o r e m o t e n e t w o r k s a n d , a t t h e s a m e t i m e , m a i n t a i n t h e r e s i l i e n c e t h a t HS R P p r o v i d e s .

H S RP F unc tio na l ity M a trix R e f e r t o t h e Ci s c o IO S R e l e a s e a n d HS R P Fu n c t i o n a l i t y M a t r i x s e c t i o n o f Ho t S t a n d b y R o u t e r P r o t o c o l Fe a t u r e s a n d Fu n c t i o n a l i t y i n o r d e r t o l e a r n a b o u t t h e f e a t u r e s a n d Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e r e l e a s e s t h a t s u p p o r t HS R P .

H S RP F ea tures R e f e r t o Ho t S t a n d b y R o u t e r P r o t o c o l Fe a t u r e s a n d Fu n c t i o n a l i t y f o r i n f o r m a t i o n o n m o s t o f t h e HS R P f e a t u r e s . T h i s d o c u m e n t p r o v i d e s i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e s e HS R P f e a t u r e s :

P a g e 5 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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� P r e e m p t i o n � In t e r f a c e t r a c k i n g � U s e o f a BIA � M u l t i p l e HS R P g r o u p s � Co n f i g u r a b l e M AC a d d r e s s e s � S y s l o g s u p p o r t � HS R P d e b u g g i n g � En h a n c e d HS R P d e b u g g i n g � Au t h e n t i c a t i o n � IP r e d u n d a n c y � S i m p l e N e t w o r k M a n a g e m e n t P r o t o c o l ( S N M P ) M IB � HS R P f o r M u l t i p r o t o c o l L a b e l S w i t c h i n g ( M P L S )

N ote : Y o u c a n u s e y o u r b r o w s e r Fi n d f e a t u r e i n o r d e r t o l o c a t e t h e s e s e c t i o n s w i t h i n t h e d o c u m e n t .

P a c k et F o rma t T h i s t a b l e s h o w s t h e f o r m a t o f t h e d a t a p o r t i o n o f t h e U DP HS R P f r a m e :

T h i s t a b l e d e s c r i b e s e a c h o f t h e f i e l d s i n t h e HS R P p a c k e t :

V e rs ion O p C ode S ta te H e l l otim e Ho l d t i m e P r i o r i t y Gr o u p R e s e r v e d Au t h e n t i c a t i o n Da t a Au t h e n t i c a t i o n Da t a V i r t u a l IP Ad d r e s s

P a ck e t F ie l d D e s crip tion

O p Co d e ( 1 o c t e t )

T h e O p Co d e d e s c r i b e s t h e t y p e o f m e s s a g e t h a t t h e p a c k e t c o n t a i n s . P o s s i b l e v a l u e s a r e : 0 - h e l l o , 1 - c o u p , a n d 2 - r e s i g n . He l l o m e s s a g e s a r e s e n t t o i n d i c a t e t h a t a r o u t e r r u n s HS R P a n d i s a b l e t o b e c o m e t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . Co u p m e s s a g e s a r e s e n t w h e n a r o u t e r w i s h e s t o b e c o m e

P a g e 6 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H S RP S ta tes

t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . R e s i g n m e s s a g e s a r e s e n t w h e n a r o u t e r n o l o n g e r w i s h e s t o b e t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r .

S t a t e ( 1 o c t e t )

Ea c h r o u t e r i n t h e s t a n d b y g r o u p i m p l e m e n t s a s t a t e m a c h i n e . T h e s t a t e f i e l d d e s c r i b e s t h e c u r r e n t s t a t e o f t h e r o u t e r t h a t s e n d s t h e m e s s a g e . T h e s e a r e d e t a i l s o n t h e i n d i v i d u a l s t a t e s : 0 - i n i t i a l , 1 - l e a r n , 2 - l i s t e n , 4 - s p e a k , 8 - s t a n d b y , a n d 16 - a c t i v e .

He l l o t i m e ( 1 o c t e t )

T h i s f i e l d i s o n l y m e a n i n g f u l i n h e l l o m e s s a g e s . It c o n t a i n s t h e a p p r o x i m a t e p e r i o d b e t w e e n t h e h e l l o m e s s a g e s t h a t t h e r o u t e r s e n d s . T h e t i m e i s g i v e n i n s e c o n d s .

Ho l d t i m e ( 1 o c t e t )

T h i s f i e l d i s o n l y m e a n i n g f u l i n h e l l o m e s s a g e s . It c o n t a i n s t h e a m o u n t o f t i m e t h a t t h e r o u t e r s w a i t f o r a h e l l o m e s s a g e b e f o r e t h e y i n i t i a t e a s t a t e c h a n g e .

P r i o r i t y ( 1 o c t e t )

T h i s f i e l d i s u s e d t o e l e c t t h e a c t i v e a n d s t a n d b y r o u t e r s . In a c o m p a r i s o n o f t h e p r i o r i t i e s o f t w o r o u t e r s , t h e r o u t e r w i t h t h e h i g h e s t v a l u e b e c o m e s t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . T h e t i e b r e a k e r i s t h e r o u t e r w i t h t h e h i g h e r IP a d d r e s s .

Gr o u p ( 1 o c t e t ) T h i s f i e l d i d e n t i f i e s t h e s t a n d b y g r o u p . Au t h e n t i c a t i o n Da t a ( 8 o c t e t s )

T h i s f i e l d c o n t a i n s a c l e a r t e x t , e i g h t -c h a r a c t e r p a s s w o r d .

V i r t u a l IP Ad d r e s s ( 4 o c t e t s )

If t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s i s n o t c o n f i g u r e d o n a r o u t e r , t h e a d d r e s s c a n b e l e a r n e d f r o m t h e h e l l o m e s s a g e f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . An a d d r e s s i s o n l y l e a r n e d i f n o HS R P s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s h a s b e e n c o n f i g u r e d , a n d t h e h e l l o m e s s a g e i s a u t h e n t i c a t e d ( i f a u t h e n t i c a t i o n i s c o n f i g u r e d ).

S ta te D e f inition

I n itial T h i s i s t h e s t a t e a t t h e s t a r t . T h i s s t a t e i n d i c a t e s t h a t HS R P d o e s n o t r u n . T h i s s t a t e i s e n t e r e d t h r o u g h a c o n f i g u r a t i o n c h a n g e o r w h e n a n i n t e r f a c e f i r s t b e c o m e s a v a i l a b l e . T h e r o u t e r h a s n o t d e t e r m i n e d t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s a n d h a s n o t y e t s e e n a n a u t h e n t i c a t e d h e l l o

P a g e 7 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H S RP T imers Ea c h r o u t e r o n l y u s e s t h r e e t i m e r s i n HS R P . T h e t i m e r s t i m e h e l l o m e s s a g e s . T h e HS R P c o n v e r g e s , w h e n a f a i l u r e o c c u r s , d e p e n d o n h o w t h e HS R P h e l l o a n d h o l d t i m e r s a r e c o n f i g u r e d . By d e f a u l t , t h e s e t i m e r s a r e s e t t o 3 a n d 10 s e c o n d s , r e s p e c t i v e l y , w h i c h m e a n s t h a t a h e l l o p a c k e t i s s e n t b e t w e e n t h e HS R P s t a n d b y g r o u p d e v i c e s e v e r y 3 s e c o n d s , a n d t h e s t a n d b y d e v i c e b e c o m e s a c t i v e w h e n a h e l l o p a c k e t h a s n o t b e e n r e c e i v e d f o r 10 s e c o n d s . Y o u c a n l o w e r t h e s e t i m e r s e t t i n g s t o s p e e d u p t h e f a i l o v e r o r p r e e m p t i o n , b u t , t o a v o i d i n c r e a s e d CP U u s a g e a n d u n n e c e s s a r y s t a n d b y s t a t e f l a p p i n g , d o n o t s e t t h e h e l l o t i m e r b e l o w o n e ( 1) s e c o n d o r t h e h o l d t i m e r b e l o w 4 s e c o n d s . N o t e t h a t , i f y o u u s e t h e HS R P t r a c k i n g m e c h a n i s m a n d t h e t r a c k e d l i n k f a i l s , t h e f a i l o v e r o r p r e e m p t i o n o c c u r s i m m e d i a t e l y , r e g a r d l e s s o f t h e h e l l o a n d h o l d t i m e r s . W h e n a t i m e r e x p i r e s , t h e r o u t e r t r a n s i t i o n s t o a n e w HS R P s t a t e . T h e t i m e r s c a n b e c h a n g e d w i t h t h i s c o m m a n d : s ta ndb y [group-n um b e r] tim e rs h e l l otim e h ol dtim e : f o r e x a m p l e , s ta ndb y 1 tim e rs 5 1 5 . T h i s t a b l e p r o v i d e s m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e s e t i m e r s :

L ear n m e s s a g e f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . In t h i s s t a t e , t h e r o u t e r s t i l l w a i t s t o h e a r f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r .

L isten T h e r o u t e r k n o w s t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s , b u t t h e r o u t e r i s n e i t h e r t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r n o r t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r . It l i s t e n s f o r h e l l o m e s s a g e s f r o m t h o s e r o u t e r s .

S p eak T h e r o u t e r s e n d s p e r i o d i c h e l l o m e s s a g e s a n d a c t i v e l y p a r t i c i p a t e s i n t h e e l e c t i o n o f t h e a c t i v e a n d / o r s t a n d b y r o u t e r . A r o u t e r c a n n o t e n t e r sp eak s t a t e u n l e s s t h e r o u t e r h a s t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s .

S tan d b y T h e r o u t e r i s a c a n d i d a t e t o b e c o m e t h e n e x t a c t i v e r o u t e r a n d s e n d s p e r i o d i c h e l l o m e s s a g e s . W i t h t h e e x c l u s i o n o f t r a n s i e n t c o n d i t i o n s , t h e r e i s , a t m o s t , o n e r o u t e r i n t h e g r o u p i n stan d b y s t a t e .

A ctive T h e r o u t e r c u r r e n t l y f o r w a r d s p a c k e t s t h a t a r e s e n t t o t h e g r o u p v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s . T h e r o u t e r s e n d s p e r i o d i c h e l l o m e s s a g e s . W i t h t h e e x c l u s i o n o f t r a n s i e n t c o n d i t i o n s , t h e r e m u s t b e , a t m o s t , o n e r o u t e r i n active s t a t e i n t h e g r o u p .

T im e r D e s crip tion

Ac t i v e t i m e r

T h i s t i m e r i s u s e d t o m o n i t o r t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . T h i s t i m e r s t a r t s a n y t i m e a n a c t i v e r o u t e r r e c e i v e s a h e l l o p a c k e t . T h i s t i m e r e x p i r e s i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e h o l d t i m e v a l u e t h a t i s s e t i n t h e r e l a t e d f i e l d o f t h e HS R P h e l l o m e s s a g e .

S t a n d b y t i m e r

T h i s t i m e r i s u s e d i n o r d e r t o m o n i t o r t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r . T h e t i m e r s t a r t s a n y t i m e t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r r e c e i v e s a h e l l o p a c k e t . T h i s t i m e r e x p i r e s i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e h o l d t i m e v a l u e t h a t i s s e t

P a g e 8 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H S RP E v ents T h i s t a b l e p r o v i d e s t h e e v e n t s i n t h e HS R P f i n i t e s t a t e m a c h i n e :

H S RP A c tio ns T h i s t a b l e s p e c i f i e s t h e a c t i o n s t o b e t a k e n a s p a r t o f t h e s t a t e m a c h i n e :

i n t h e r e s p e c t i v e h e l l o p a c k e t . He l l o t i m e r

T h i s t i m e r i s u s e d t o c l o c k h e l l o p a c k e t s . Al l HS R P r o u t e r s i n a n y HS R P s t a t e g e n e r a t e a h e l l o p a c k e t w h e n t h i s h e l l o t i m e r e x p i r e s .

K e y E v e nts 1 HS R P i s c o n f i g u r e d o n a n e n a b l e d i n t e r f a c e . 2 HS R P i s d i s a b l e d o n a n i n t e r f a c e o r t h e i n t e r f a c e i s

d i s a b l e d .

3 Ac t i v e t i m e r e x p i r y T h e a c t i v e t i m e r i s s e t t o t h e h o l d t i m e w h e n t h e l a s t h e l l o m e s s a g e i s s e e n f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r .

4 S t a n d b y t i m e r e x p i r y T h e s t a n d b y t i m e r i s s e t t o t h e h o l d t i m e w h e n t h e l a s t h e l l o m e s s a g e i s s e e n f r o m t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r .

5 He l l o t i m e r e x p i r y T h e p e r i o d i c t i m e r f o r t h e s e n d o f h e l l o m e s s a g e s i s e x p i r e d .

6 R e c e i p t o f a h e l l o m e s s a g e o f h i g h e r p r i o r i t y f r o m a r o u t e r i n sp eak s t a t e

7 R e c e i p t o f a h e l l o m e s s a g e o f h i g h e r p r i o r i t y f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r

8 R e c e i p t o f a h e l l o m e s s a g e o f l o w e r p r i o r i t y f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r

9 R e c e i p t o f a r e s i g n m e s s a g e f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r 10 R e c e i p t o f a c o u p m e s s a g e f r o m a h i g h e r p r i o r i t y

r o u t e r 11 R e c e i p t o f a h e l l o m e s s a g e o f h i g h e r p r i o r i t y f r o m t h e

s t a n d b y r o u t e r 12 R e c e i p t o f a h e l l o m e s s a g e o f l o w e r p r i o r i t y f r o m t h e

s t a n d b y r o u t e r

P a g e 9 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o r k s

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H S RP S ta te T a b l e T h e d i a g r a m i n t h i s s e c t i o n s h o w s t h e s t a t e t r a n s i t i o n s o f t h e HS R P s t a t e m a c h i n e . Ea c h t i m e t h a t a n e v e n t o c c u r s , t h e a s s o c i a t e d a c t i o n r e s u l t s , a n d t h e r o u t e r t r a n s i t i o n s t o t h e n e x t HS R P s t a t e . In t h e d i a g r a m , n u m b e r s d e s i g n a t e e v e n t s , a n d l e t t e r s d e s i g n a t e t h e a s s o c i a t e d a c t i o n . T h e t a b l e i n t h e s e c t i o n HS R P Ev e n t s d e f i n e s t h e n u m b e r s , a n d t h e t a b l e i n t h e s e c t i o n HS R P Ac t i o n s d e f i n e s t h e l e t t e r s . U s e t h i s d i a g r a m o n l y a s a r e f e r e n c e . T h e d i a g r a m i s d e t a i l e d a n d i s n o t n e c e s s a r y f o r g e n e r a l

Initia l A ction

A

S t a r t a c t i v e t i m e r —If t h i s a c t i o n o c c u r r s a s t h e r e s u l t o f t h e r e c e i p t o f a n a u t h e n t i c a t e d h e l l o m e s s a g e f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r , t h e a c t i v e t i m e r i s s e t t o t h e h o l d t i m e f i e l d i n t h e h e l l o m e s s a g e . O t h e r w i s e , t h e a c t i v e t i m e r i s s e t t o t h e c u r r e n t h o l d t i m e v a l u e t h a t i s i n u s e b y t h i s r o u t e r . T h e a c t i v e t i m e r t h e n s t a r t s .

B

S t a r t s t a n d b y t i m e r —If t h i s a c t i o n o c c u r r s a s t h e r e s u l t o f t h e r e c e i p t o f a n a u t h e n t i c a t e d h e l l o m e s s a g e f r o m t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r , t h e s t a n d b y t i m e r i s s e t t o t h e h o l d t i m e f i e l d i n t h e h e l l o m e s s a g e . O t h e r w i s e , t h e s t a n d b y t i m e r i s s e t t o t h e c u r r e n t h o l d t i m e v a l u e t h a t i s i n u s e b y t h i s r o u t e r . T h e s t a n d b y t i m e r t h e n s t a r t s .

C S t o p a c t i v e t i m e r —T h e a c t i v e t i m e r s t o p s . D S t o p s t a n d b y t i m e r —T h e s t a n d b y t i m e r s t o p s .

E

L e a r n p a r a m e t e r s —T h i s a c t i o n i s t a k e n w h e n a n a u t h e n t i c a t e d m e s s a g e i s r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . If t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s f o r t h i s g r o u p i s n o t m a n u a l l y c o n f i g u r e d , t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s c a n b e l e a r n e d f r o m t h e m e s s a g e . T h e r o u t e r c a n l e a r n h e l l o t i m e a n d h o l d t i m e v a l u e s f r o m t h e m e s s a g e .

F S e n d h e l l o m e s s a g e —T h e r o u t e r s e n d s a h e l l o m e s s a g e w i t h i t s c u r r e n t s t a t e , h e l l o t i m e , a n d h o l d t i m e .

G S e n d c o u p m e s s a g e —T h e r o u t e r s e n d s a c o u p m e s s a g e i n o r d e r t o i n f o r m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r t h a t t h e r e i s a h i g h e r -p r i o r i t y r o u t e r a v a i l a b l e .

H S e n d r e s i g n m e s s a g e —T h e r o u t e r s e n d s a r e s i g n m e s s a g e i n o r d e r t o a l l o w a n o t h e r r o u t e r t o b e c o m e t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r .

I

S e n d g r a t u i t o u s AR P m e s s a g e —T h e r o u t e r b r o a d c a s t s a n AR P r e s p o n s e p a c k e t t h a t a d v e r t i s e s t h e g r o u p v i r t u a l IP a n d M AC a d d r e s s e s . T h e p a c k e t i s s e n t w i t h t h e v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s a s t h e s o u r c e M AC a d d r e s s i n t h e l i n k l a y e r h e a d e r , a s w e l l a s w i t h i n t h e AR P p a c k e t .

P a g e 10 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g p u r p o s e s .

P a c k et F l o w

D e v ice M A C A ddre s s IP S ub ne t M a s k D e f a ul t

P a g e 11 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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R oute r A C onf ig ura tion ( A ctiv e R oute r) in ter f ace eth er n et 0 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 1. 2 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 m ac-ad d r ess 40 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 10 stan d b y 1 ip 10 . 1. 1. 1 stan d b y 1 p r io r ity 2 0 0 in ter f ace eth er n et 1 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 2 . 2 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 m ac-ad d r ess 40 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 11 stan d b y 1 ip 10 . 1. 2 . 1 stan d b y 1 p r io r ity 2 0 0

R oute r B C onf ig ura tion ( S ta ndb y R oute r) in ter f ace eth er n et 0 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 1. 3 2 55. 2 55. 2 2 5. 0 m ac-ad d r ess 40 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 stan d b y 1 ip 10 . 1. 1. 1 in ter f ace eth er n et 1 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 2 . 3 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 m ac-ad d r ess 40 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 stan d b y 1 ip 10 . 1. 2 . 1

N ote : T h e s e e x a m p l e s c o n f i g u r e s t a t i c M AC a d d r e s s e s f o r i l l u s t r a t i o n p u r p o s e s o n l y . Do n o t c o n f i g u r e s t a t i c M AC a d d r e s s e s u n l e s s y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o d o s o . Y o u m u s t u n d e r s t a n d t h e c o n c e p t b e h i n d p a c k e t f l o w w h e n y o u o b t a i n s n i f f e r t r a c e s i n o r d e r t o t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P p r o b l e m s . R o u t e r A u s e s t h e p r i o r i t y o f 200 a n d b e c o m e s t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r o n b o t h i n t e r f a c e s . In t h e e x a m p l e i n t h i s s e c t i o n , p a c k e t s f r o m t h e r o u t e r t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r a h o s t w o r k s t a t i o n h a v e t h e s o u r c e M AC a d d r e s s o f t h e r o u t e r p h y s i c a l M AC a d d r e s s ( BIA). P a c k e t s f r o m t h e h o s t m a c h i n e s t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r t h e HS R P IP a d d r e s s h a v e t h e d e s t i n a t i o n M AC a d d r e s s o f t h e HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s . N o t e t h a t t h e M AC a d d r e s s e s a r e n o t t h e s a m e f o r e a c h f l o w b e t w e e n t h e r o u t e r a n d t h e h o s t . T h i s t a b l e s h o w s t h e r e s p e c t i v e M AC a n d IP a d d r e s s i n f o r m a t i o n p e r f l o w o n t h e b a s i s o f a s n i f f e r t r a c e t h a t i s t a k e n f r o m S w i t c h X .

A ddre s s G a te w a y P C1 0000.0c 00.0001 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1 P C2 0000.0c 00.1110 10.1.2.10 255.255.255.0 10.1.2.1

P a ck e t F l ow S ource M A C D e s tina tion

M A C S ource IP

D e s tina tion IP

P a c k e t s f r o m P C1 t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r P C2

P C1 ( 0000.0c 00.0001)

HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s o f R o u t e r A i n t e r f a c e Et h e r n e t 0 ( 0000.0c 07.a c 01)

10.1.1.10 10.1.2.10

P a g e 12 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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T r ou b l esh oot H S R P Ca se S tu d i es

P a c k e t s t h a t r e t u r n t h r o u g h R o u t e r A f r o m P C2 a n d a r e d e s t i n e d f o r P C1

R o u t e r A Et h e r n e t 0 BIA ( 4000.0000.0010)

P C1 ( 0000.0c 00.0001) 10.1.2.10 10.1.1.10

P a c k e t s f r o m P C1 t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r HS R P s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s ( ICM P , T e l n e t )

P C1 ( 0000.0c 00.0001)

HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s o f R o u t e r A i n t e r f a c e Et h e r n e t 0 ( 0000.0c 07.a c 01)

10.1.1.10 10.1.1.1

P a c k e t s t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r t h e a c t u a l IP a d d r e s s o f t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r ( ICM P , T e l n e t )

P C1 ( 0000.0c 00.0001)

R o u t e r A Et h e r n e t 0 BIA ( 4000.0000.0010)

10.1.1.10 10.1.1.2

P a c k e t s t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r t h e a c t u a l IP a d d r e s s o f t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r ( ICM P , T e l n e t )

P C1 ( 0000.0c 00.0001)

R o u t e r B Et h e r n e t 0 BIA ( 4000.0000.0020)

10.1.1.10 10.1.1.3

P a g e 13 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C a se S tud y # 1: H S RP S ta nd b y I P A d d ress I s Rep o rted a s a D up l ic a te I P A d d ress T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n a p p e a r :

O ct 12 13: 15: 41: % S T A N D B Y -3-D U P A D D R : D u p l icate ad d r ess 10 . 2 5. 0 . 1 o n V l an 2 5, so u r ced b y 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac19 O ct 13 16: 2 5: 41: % S T A N D B Y -3-D U P A D D R : D u p l icate ad d r ess 10 . 2 5. 0 . 1 o n V l an 2 5, so u r ced b y 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac19 O ct 15 2 2 : 31: 0 2 : % S T A N D B Y -3-D U P A D D R : D u p l icate ad d r ess 10 . 2 5. 0 . 1 o n V l an 2 5, so u r ced b y 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac19 O ct 15 2 2 : 41: 0 1: % S T A N D B Y -3-D U P A D D R : D u p l icate ad d r ess 10 . 2 5. 0 . 1 o n V l an 2 5, so u r ced b y 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac19

T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y i n d i c a t e a n HS R P p r o b l e m . R a t h e r , t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s i n d i c a t e a p o s s i b l e S p a n n i n g T r e e P r o t o c o l ( S T P ) l o o p o r r o u t e r / s w i t c h c o n f i g u r a t i o n i s s u e . T h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s a r e j u s t s y m p t o m s o f a n o t h e r p r o b l e m . In a d d i t i o n , t h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s d o n o t p r e v e n t t h e p r o p e r o p e r a t i o n o f HS R P . T h e d u p l i c a t e HS R P p a c k e t i s i g n o r e d . T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s a r e t h r o t t l e d a t 30-s e c o n d i n t e r v a l s . Bu t , s l o w n e t w o r k p e r f o r m a n c e a n d p a c k e t l o s s c a n r e s u l t f r o m t h e n e t w o r k i n s t a b i l i t y t h a t c a u s e s t h e S T A N D B Y -3-D U P A D D R e r r o r m e s s a g e s o f t h e HS R P a d d r e s s . T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n a p p e a r :

O ct 15 2 2 : 41: 0 1: % S T A N D B Y -3-D U P A D D R : D u p l icate ad d r ess 10 . 2 5. 0 . 1 o n V l an 2 5, so u r ced b y 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac19

T h e s e m e s s a g e s s p e c i f i c a l l y i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e r o u t e r r e c e i v e d a d a t a p a c k e t t h a t w a s s o u r c e d f r o m t h e HS R P IP a d d r e s s o n V L AN 25 w i t h t h e M AC a d d r e s s e s 0000.0c 07.a c 19. S i n c e t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s i s 0000.0c 07.a c 19, e i t h e r t h e r o u t e r i n q u e s t i o n r e c e i v e d i t s o w n p a c k e t b a c k o r b o t h r o u t e r s i n t h e HS R P g r o u p w e n t i n t o t h e active s t a t e . Be c a u s e t h e r o u t e r r e c e i v e d i t s o w n p a c k e t , t h e p r o b l e m m o s t l i k e l y i s w i t h t h e n e t w o r k r a t h e r t h a n t h e r o u t e r . A v a r i e t y o f p r o b l e m s c a n c a u s e t h i s b e h a v i o r . Am o n g t h e p o s s i b l e n e t w o r k p r o b l e m s t h a t c a u s e t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s a r e :

� M o m e n t a r y S T P l o o p s � Et h e r Ch a n n e l c o n f i g u r a t i o n i s s u e s � Du p l i c a t e d f r a m e s

W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t t h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s , s e e t h e t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g s t e p s i n t h e HS R P T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g M o d u l e s f o r Ca t O S S w i t c h e s s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t . Al l t h e t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g m o d u l e s a r e a p p l i c a b l e t o t h i s s e c t i o n , w h i c h i n c l u d e s m o d u l e s o n c o n f i g u r a t i o n . In a d d i t i o n , n o t e a n y e r r o r s i n t h e s w i t c h l o g a n d r e f e r e n c e a d d i t i o n a l c a s e s t u d i e s a s n e c e s s a r y . Y o u c a n u s e a n a c c e s s l i s t i n o r d e r t o p r e v e n t t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r f r o m r e c e i v i n g i t s o w n m u l t i c a s t h e l l o p a c k e t . Bu t , t h i s i s o n l y a w o r k a r o u n d f o r t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s a n d a c t u a l l y h i d e s t h e s y m p t o m o f t h e p r o b l e m . T h e w o r k a r o u n d i s t o a p p l y a n e x t e n d e d i n b o u n d a c c e s s l i s t t o t h e HS R P i n t e r f a c e s . T h e a c c e s s l i s t b l o c k s a l l t r a f f i c t h a t i s s o u r c e d f r o m t h e p h y s i c a l IP a d d r e s s a n d t h a t i s d e s t i n e d t o a l l r o u t e r s m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s 224.0.0.2.

P a g e 14 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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access-l ist 10 1 d en y ip h o st 17 2 . 16. 12 . 3 h o st 2 2 4. 0 . 0 . 2 access-l ist 10 1 p er m it ip an y an y in ter f ace eth er n et 0 ip ad d r ess 17 2 . 16. 12 . 3 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 stan d b y 1 ip 17 2 . 16. 12 . 1 ip access-g r o u p 10 1 in

C a se S tud y # 2 : H S RP S ta te C o ntinuo usl y C h a ng es ( A c tiv e, S ta nd b y , S p ea k ) o r %H S RP -6-S T A T E C H A N G E T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n a p p e a r :

J an 9 0 8 : 0 0 : 42 . 62 3: % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 49 : V l an 149 state S tan d b y -> A ctive J an 9 0 8 : 0 0 : 56. 0 11: % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 49 : V l an 149 state A ctive -> S p eak J an 9 0 8 : 0 1: 0 3. 0 11: % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 49 : V l an 149 state S p eak -> S tan d b y J an 9 0 8 : 0 1: 2 9 . 42 7 : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 49 : V l an 149 state S tan d b y -> A ctive J an 9 0 8 : 0 1: 36. 8 0 8 : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 49 : V l an 149 state A ctive -> S p eak J an 9 0 8 : 0 1: 43. 8 0 8 : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 49 : V l an 149 state S p eak -> S tan d b y

T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s d e s c r i b e a s i t u a t i o n i n w h i c h a s t a n d b y HS R P r o u t e r d i d n o t r e c e i v e t h r e e s u c c e s s i v e HS R P h e l l o p a c k e t s f r o m i t s HS R P p e e r . T h e o u t p u t s h o w s t h a t t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r m o v e s f r o m t h e stan d b y s t a t e t o t h e active s t a t e . S h o r t l y t h e r e a f t e r , t h e r o u t e r r e t u r n s t o t h e stan d b y s t a t e . U n l e s s t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e o c c u r s d u r i n g t h e i n i t i a l i n s t a l l a t i o n , a n HS R P i s s u e p r o b a b l y d o e s n o t c a u s e t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e . T h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s s i g n i f y t h e l o s s o f HS R P h e l l o s b e t w e e n t h e p e e r s . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t t h i s i s s u e , y o u m u s t v e r i f y t h e c o m m u n i c a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e HS R P p e e r s . A r a n d o m , m o m e n t a r y l o s s o f d a t a c o m m u n i c a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e p e e r s i s t h e m o s t c o m m o n p r o b l e m t h a t r e s u l t s i n t h e s e m e s s a g e s . HS R P s t a t e c h a n g e s a r e o f t e n d u e t o Hi g h CP U U t i l i z a t i o n . If t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e i s d u e t o h i g h CP U u t i l i z a t i o n , p u t a s n i f f e r o n t h e n e t w o r k a n d t h e t r a c e t h e s y s t e m t h a t c a u s e s t h e h i g h CP U u t i l i z a t i o n . T h e r e a r e s e v e r a l p o s s i b l e c a u s e s f o r t h e l o s s o f HS R P p a c k e t s b e t w e e n t h e p e e r s . T h e m o s t c o m m o n p r o b l e m s a r e p h y s i c a l l a y e r p r o b l e m s o r e x c e s s i v e n e t w o r k t r a f f i c c a u s e d b y s p a n n i n g t r e e i s s u e s . As w i t h Ca s e S t u d y # 1, a l l t h e t r o u b l e s h o o t i n g m o d u l e s a r e a p p l i c a b l e t o t h e r e s o l u t i o n o f HS R P s t a t e c h a n g e s , p a r t i c u l a r l y t h e L a y e r 3 HS R P De b u g g i n g .

C a se S tud y # 3 : H S RP D o es N o t Rec o g niz e P eer T h e r o u t e r o u t p u t i n t h i s s e c t i o n s h o w s a r o u t e r t h a t i s c o n f i g u r e d f o r HS R P b u t d o e s n o t r e c o g n i z e i t s HS R P p e e r s . In o r d e r f o r t h i s t o o c c u r , t h e r o u t e r m u s t f a i l t o r e c e i v e HS R P h e l l o s f r o m t h e n e i g h b o r r o u t e r . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t t h i s i s s u e , s e e t h e V e r i f y P h y s i c a l L a y e r Co n n e c t i v i t y s e c t i o n a n d t h e V e r i f y HS R P R o u t e r Co n f i g u r a t i o n s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t . If t h e p h y s i c a l l a y e r c o n n e c t i v i t y i s c o r r e c t , c h e c k f o r t h e m i s m a t c h e d V T P m o d e s .

V l an 8 - G r o u p 8 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 110 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10

P a g e 15 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 168 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 1. 2 . 2 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is l o cal Standby router is unknown expired S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 8 5 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 5: 0 3

C a se S tud y # 4: H S RP S ta te C h a ng es a nd S w itc h Rep o rts S Y S -4-P 2 _ W A RN : 1/ H o st < ma c _ a d d ress> I s F l a p p ing B etw een P o rt < p o rt_ 1> a nd P o rt < p o rt_ 2 > in S y sl o g T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n a p p e a r :

2 0 0 1 J an 0 3 14: 18 : 43 % S Y S -4-P 2 _ W A R N : 1/ H o st 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 c: 14: 9 d : 0 8 is f l ap p in g b etw een p o r t 2 / 4 an d p o r t 2 / 3

In s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n 5.5.2 a n d l a t e r f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 4500/ 4000 a n d 2948G, t h e s w i t c h r e p o r t s a h o s t M AC a d d r e s s t h a t m o v e s i f t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s m o v e s t w i c e w i t h i n 15 s e c o n d s . A c o m m o n c a u s e i s a n S T P l o o p . T h e s w i t c h d i s c a r d s p a c k e t s f r o m t h i s h o s t f o r a b o u t 15 s e c o n d s i n a n e f f o r t t o m i n i m i z e t h e i m p a c t o f a n S T P l o o p . If t h e M AC a d d r e s s m o v e b e t w e e n t w o p o r t s t h a t i s r e p o r t e d i s t h e HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s , t h e p r o b l e m i s m o s t l i k e l y a n i s s u e i n w h i c h b o t h HS R P r o u t e r s g o i n t o t h e active s t a t e . If t h e M AC a d d r e s s t h a t i s r e p o r t e d i s n o t t h e HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s , t h e i s s u e c a n i n d i c a t e t h e l o o p , d u p l i c a t i o n , o r r e f l e c t i o n o f p a c k e t s i n t h e n e t w o r k . T h e s e t y p e s o f c o n d i t i o n s c a n c o n t r i b u t e t o HS R P p r o b l e m s . T h e m o s t c o m m o n c a u s e s f o r t h e m o v e o f M AC a d d r e s s e s a r e s p a n n i n g t r e e p r o b l e m s o r p h y s i c a l l a y e r p r o b l e m s . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e , c o m p l e t e t h e s e s t e p s : N ote : Al s o , c o m p l e t e t h e s t e p s i n t h e HS R P T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g M o d u l e s f o r Ca t O S S w i t c h e s s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t . 1. De t e r m i n e t h e c o r r e c t s o u r c e ( p o r t ) o f t h e M AC a d d r e s s t h a t t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e r e p o r t s . 2. Di s c o n n e c t t h e p o r t t h a t m u s t n o t s o u r c e t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s a n d c h e c k f o r HS R P s t a b i l i t y . 3. Do c u m e n t t h e S T P t o p o l o g y o n e a c h V L AN a n d c h e c k f o r S T P f a i l u r e . 4. V e r i f y t h e p o r t c h a n n e l c o n f i g u r a t i o n .

An i n c o r r e c t p o r t c h a n n e l c o n f i g u r a t i o n c a n r e s u l t i n t h e f l a p o f e r r o r m e s s a g e s b y t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . T h i s i s b e c a u s e o f t h e l o a d -b a l a n c i n g n a t u r e o f p o r t c h a n n e l i n g .

C a se S tud y # 5 : H S RP S ta te C h a ng es a nd S w itc h Rep o rts RT D -1-A D D R_ F L A P in S y sl o g T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n a p p e a r :

* M ar 9 14: 51: 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 1 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 14: 52 : 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7

P a g e 16 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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r el ear n in g 2 2 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 14: 53: 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 0 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 14: 54: 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 0 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 14: 55: 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 1 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 14: 56: 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 2 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 14: 57 : 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 1 ad d r s p er m in

T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s i g n i f y t h a t a M AC a d d r e s s m o v e s c o n s i s t e n t l y b e t w e e n d i f f e r e n t p o r t s . T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s a r e o n l y a p p l i c a b l e o n t h e Ca t a l y s t 2900X L a n d 3500X L s w i t c h e s . T h e m e s s a g e s c a n i n d i c a t e t h a t t w o o r m o r e HS R P r o u t e r s h a v e b e c o m e active. T h e m e s s a g e s c a n i n d i c a t e t h e s o u r c e o f a n S T P l o o p , d u p l i c a t e d f r a m e s , o r r e f l e c t e d p a c k e t s . In o r d e r t o g a t h e r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s , i s s u e t h i s de b ug c o m m a n d :

sw itch # debug eth ernet-c ontrol l er address E th er n et C o n tr o l l er A d d r esses d eb u g g in g is o n l * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 0 6: A d d ad d r ess 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 , o n p o r t 35 vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 0 6: 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 h as m o ved f r o m p o r t 6 to p o r t 35 in vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 0 7 : A d d ad d r ess 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 , o n p o r t 6 vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 0 7 : 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 h as m o ved f r o m p o r t 35 to p o r t 6 in vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 0 8 : A d d ad d r ess 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 , o n p o r t 35 vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 0 8 : 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 h as m o ved f r o m p o r t 6 to p o r t 35 in vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 10 : A d d ad d r ess 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 , o n p o r t 6 vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 10 : 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 h as m o ved f r o m p o r t 35 to p o r t 6 in vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 11: A d d ad d r ess 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 , o n p o r t 35 vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 11: 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 h as m o ved f r o m p o r t 6 to p o r t 35 in vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 12 : % R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P : F ast E th er n et 0 / 7 r el ear n in g 2 0 ad d r s p er m in * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 13: A d d ad d r ess 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 , o n p o r t 6 vl an 2 * M ar 9 0 8 : 0 6: 13: 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 h as m o ved f r o m p o r t 35 to p o r t 6 in vl an 2

T h e p o r t s t h a t t h e de b ug c o m m a n d r e f e r e n c e s a r e o f f b y o n e . Fo r e x a m p l e , p o r t 0 i s Fa s t Et h e r n e t 0/ 1. T h e e r r o r m e s s a g e s i n d i c a t e t h e f l a p o f a M AC a d d r e s s b e t w e e n p o r t s 5 a n d 34 o n t h e r e s p e c t i v e s w i t c h . N ote : T h e m e s s a g e R T D -1-A D D R _ F L A P c a n b e i n c o r r e c t . R e f e r t o t h e s e Ci s c o b u g IDs i n o r d e r t o r u l e o u t t h i s p o s s i b i l i t y :

� CS Cd p 81680 ( r e g i s t e r e d c u s t o m e r s o n l y ) —In c o r r e c t R T D-1-ADDR _ FL AP m e s s a g e � CS Cd s 27100 ( r e g i s t e r e d c u s t o m e r s o n l y ) a n d CS Cd r 30113 ( r e g i s t e r e d c u s t o m e r s o n l y ) —Fa s t Et h e r Ch a n n e l i s s u e s c a u s e R T D-1-ADDR _ FL AP

T h e m o s t c o m m o n c a u s e s f o r t h e m o v e o f M AC a d d r e s s e s a r e s p a n n i n g t r e e p r o b l e m s o r p h y s i c a l l a y e r p r o b l e m s . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e , c o m p l e t e t h e s e s t e p s : N ote : Al s o , c o m p l e t e t h e s t e p s i n t h e HS R P T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g M o d u l e s f o r Ca t O S S w i t c h e s s e c t i o n o f

P a g e 17 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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t h i s d o c u m e n t . 1. De t e r m i n e t h e c o r r e c t s o u r c e ( p o r t ) o f t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . 2. Di s c o n n e c t t h e p o r t t h a t s h o u l d n o t s o u r c e t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . 3. Do c u m e n t t h e S T P t o p o l o g y o n a p e r -V L AN b a s i s a n d c h e c k f o r S T P f a i l u r e . 4. V e r i f y t h e p o r t c h a n n e l i n g c o n f i g u r a t i o n .

An i n c o r r e c t p o r t c h a n n e l c o n f i g u r a t i o n c a n r e s u l t i n t h e f l a p o f e r r o r m e s s a g e s b y t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . T h i s i s b e c a u s e o f t h e l o a d -b a l a n c i n g n a t u r e o f p o r t c h a n n e l i n g .

C a se S tud y # 6: H S RP S ta te C h a ng es a nd S w itc h Rep o rts M L S -4-M O V E O V E RF L O W : T o o ma ny mo v es, sto p M L S f o r 5 sec ( 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) in S y sl o g T h e s e e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n a p p e a r :

0 5/ 13/ 2 0 0 0 , 0 8 : 55: 10 : M L S -4-M O V E O V E R F L O W : T o o m an y m o ves, sto p M L S f o r 5 sec( 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 0 5/ 13/ 2 0 0 0 , 0 8 : 55: 15: M L S -4: R esu m e M L S af ter d etectin g to o m an y m o ves

T h e s e m e s s a g e s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e s w i t c h l e a r n s t h e s a m e M AC a d d r e s s o n t w o d i f f e r e n t p o r t s . T h i s m e s s a g e i s o n l y r e p o r t e d o n Ca t a l y s t 5500/ 5000 s w i t c h e s . Is s u e t h e s e c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o g a t h e r a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e p r o b l e m : N ote : T h e c o m m a n d s t h a t t h i s s e c t i o n m e n t i o n s a r e n o t d o c u m e n t e d . Y o u m u s t e n t e r t h e m c o m p l e t e l y . T h e s h ow m l s notif ica tion c o m m a n d p r o v i d e s a t a b l e a d d r e s s ( T A) v a l u e . T h e s h ow l ook ta b l e T A-v a l u e c o m m a n d r e t u r n s a p o s s i b l e M AC a d d r e s s t h a t y o u c a n t r a c e t o t h e r o o t o f t h e p r o b l e m .

S w itch ( en ab l e) sh ow m l s notif ic ation 1: ( 0 0 0 4e8 e6-0 0 0 2 0 2 ce) N o ti C h g T A e8 e6 O I 2 ce ( 12 / 15) V 1 !- - - T h i s i s t h e m o d / p o r t a n d V L A N . T h e M A C a d d r e s s i s !- - - s e e n o n t h i s m o d u l e 1 2 , p o r t 1 5 i n V L A N 1 . 2 : ( 0 0 0 4e8 e6-0 0 0 2 0 2 cd ) N o ti C h g T A e8 e6 O I 2 cd ( 12 / 14) V 1 !- - - T h i s i s t h e m o d / p o r t a n d V L A N . T h e n e x t i s s e e n o n !- - - m o d u l e 1 2 , p o r t 1 4 i n V L A N 1 .

W r i t e d o w n t h e f o u r -d i g i t / l e t t e r c o m b i n a t i o n t h a t a p p e a r s a f t e r C h g T A i n t h i s c o m m a n d o u t p u t . T h e s h ow l ook ta b l e c o m m a n d g i v e s t h e M AC a d d r e s s t h a t c a u s e s t h e M L S T O O M A N Y M O V E S e r r o r m e s s a g e :

150 S _ C R ( S 2 ) > ( en ab l e) sh ow l ooktabl e e8 e6 T ab l e ad d r ess: 0 x e8 e6, H ash : 0 x 1d 1c, P ag e: 6 E n tr y D ata[ 3-0 ] : 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 2 cd 0 x 0 0 8 0 0 10 8 0 x 0 0 0 8 c7 9 0 0 x 2 15d 0 0 0 5, E n tr y M ap [ 0 0 ] R o u ter -X tag Q O S S w G r p 3 P o r t-I n d ex 0 0 0 x 0 0 x 2 cd

P a g e 18 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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F ab A g eB y te C -M ask L -M ask S tatic S w S c H w S c E n S c A L T r ap R -M ac 0 0 x 0 1 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M acA g e P r i-I n M o d if y N o tif y I P X -S w I P X -H w I P X -E n V al id S w G r p 2 P ar ity 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 x 0 0 E n tr y -M ac-A d d r ess F I D S w G r p 1 P ar ity 1 0 0 -0 8 -c 7 -9 0 -21 -5d 1 0 x 0 1

T h e e n t r y M AC a d d r e s s 00-08-c 7-90-21-5d i s t h e M AC a d d r e s s t h a t f l a p s b e t w e e n p o r t s . Y o u m u s t k n o w t h e M AC a d d r e s s i n o r d e r t o f i n d t h e o f f e n d i n g d e v i c e . If t h e e n t r y M AC a d d r e s s i s t h e v i r t u a l HS R P M AC a d d r e s s , t h e i s s u e c a n b e t h a t b o t h HS R P r o u t e r s h a v e g o n e i n t o t h e active s t a t e .

T h e m o s t c o m m o n c a u s e s f o r t h e m o v e o f M AC a d d r e s s e s a r e s p a n n i n g t r e e p r o b l e m s o r p h y s i c a l l a y e r p r o b l e m s . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e , c o m p l e t e t h e s e s t e p s : N ote : Al s o c o m p l e t e t h e s t e p s i n t h e HS R P T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g M o d u l e s f o r Ca t O S S w i t c h e s s e c t i o n o f t h i s d o c u m e n t . 1. De t e r m i n e t h e c o r r e c t s o u r c e ( p o r t ) o f t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . 2. Di s c o n n e c t t h e p o r t t h a t s h o u l d n o t s o u r c e t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . 3. Do c u m e n t t h e S T P t o p o l o g y o n a p e r -V L AN b a s i s a n d c h e c k f o r S T P f a i l u r e . 4. V e r i f y t h e p o r t c h a n n e l i n g c o n f i g u r a t i o n .

An i n c o r r e c t p o r t c h a n n e l c o n f i g u r a t i o n c a n r e s u l t i n t h e f l a p o f e r r o r m e s s a g e s b y t h e h o s t M AC a d d r e s s . T h i s i s b e c a u s e o f t h e l o a d -b a l a n c i n g n a t u r e o f p o r t c h a n n e l i n g .

5. Di s a b l e P o r t Fa s t o n a l l o f t h e p o r t s t h a t c o n n e c t t o d e v i c e s o t h e r t h a n a P C o r IP p h o n e i n o r d e r t o a v o i d b r i d g i n g l o o p s .

C a se S tud y # 7 : H S RP I ntermittent S ta te C h a ng es o n M ul tic a st S tub N etw o rk T h e r e i s a c o m m o n c a u s e f o r HS R P a n o m a l o u s s t a t e c h a n g e s f o r a n HS R P r o u t e r t h a t i s p a r t o f a m u l t i c a s t s t u b n e t w o r k . T h i s c o m m o n c a u s e d e a l s w i t h t h e n o n -R e v e r s e P a t h Fo r w a r d i n g ( R P F) t r a f f i c t h a t t h e n o n -d e s i g n a t e d r o u t e r ( DR ) s e e s . T h i s i s t h e r o u t e r t h a t d o e s n o t f o r w a r d t h e m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c s t r e a m . IP m u l t i c a s t u s e s o n e r o u t e r t o f o r w a r d d a t a o n t o a L AN i n r e d u n d a n t t o p o l o g i e s . If m u l t i p l e r o u t e r s h a v e i n t e r f a c e s o n t o a L AN o r V L AN , o n l y o n e r o u t e r f o r w a r d s t h e d a t a . T h e r e i s n o l o a d b a l a n c i n g f o r m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c o n L AN s . Al l m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c i s a l w a y s v i s i b l e b y e v e r y r o u t e r o n a L AN . T h i s i s a l s o t h e c a s e i f Ci s c o Gr o u p M a n a g e m e n t P r o t o c o l ( CGM P ) o r In t e r n e t Gr o u p M a n a g e m e n t P r o t o c o l ( IGM P ) s n o o p i n g i s c o n f i g u r e d . Bo t h r o u t e r s n e e d t o s e e t h e m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c i n o r d e r t o m a k e a f o r w a r d i n g d e c i s i o n . T h i s d i a g r a m p r o v i d e s a n e x a m p l e . T h e r e d l i n e s i n d i c a t e m u l t i c a s t f e e d .

P a g e 19 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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T h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r , w h i c h i s t h e r o u t e r t h a t d o e s n o t f o r w a r d t h e m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c s t r e a m , s e e s t h i s d a t a o n t h e o u t b o u n d i n t e r f a c e f o r t h e L AN . T h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r m u s t d r o p t h i s t r a f f i c b e c a u s e t h e t r a f f i c a r r i v e d o n t h e w r o n g i n t e r f a c e a n d , t h e r e f o r e , f a i l s t h e R P F c h e c k . T h i s t r a f f i c i s r e f e r r e d t o a s n o n -R P F t r a f f i c b e c a u s e i t i s r e f l e c t e d b a c k w a r d a g a i n s t t h e f l o w f r o m t h e s o u r c e . Fo r t h i s n o n -R P F t r a f f i c , t h e r e i s u s u a l l y n o ( * ,G) o r ( S ,G) s t a t e i n t h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r . T h e r e f o r e , n o h a r d w a r e o r s o f t w a r e s h o r t c u t s c a n b e c r e a t e d i n o r d e r t o d r o p t h e p a c k e t . T h e p r o c e s s o r m u s t e x a m i n e e a c h m u l t i c a s t p a c k e t i n d i v i d u a l l y . T h i s r e q u i r e m e n t c a n c a u s e t h e CP U o n t h e s e r o u t e r s t o s p i k e o r r u n a t a v e r y h i g h p r o c e s s i n g r a t e . O f t e n , a h i g h r a t e o f m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c o n t h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r c a u s e s HS R P t o l o s e h e l l o p a c k e t s f r o m i t s p e e r a n d c h a n g e s t a t e s . T h e r e f o r e , e n a b l e h a r d w a r e a c c e s s l i s t s o n Ca t a l y s t 6500 a n d 8500 r o u t e r s t h a t d o n o t h a n d l e n o n -R P F t r a f f i c e f f i c i e n t l y b y d e f a u l t . T h e a c c e s s l i s t s p r e v e n t t h e CP U f r o m p r o c e s s i n g t h e n o n -R P F t r a f f i c . N ote : Do n o t a t t e m p t t o w o r k a r o u n d t h i s p r o b l e m w i t h a d i s a b l e m e n t o f t h e IP P r o t o c o l In d e p e n d e n t M u l t i c a s t ( P I M ) o n t h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r i n t e r f a c e s . T h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n c a n h a v e a n u n d e s i r a b l e i m p a c t o n t h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r . O n t h e 6500/ 8500 r o u t e r s , t h e r e i s a n a c c e s s l i s t e n g i n e t h a t e n a b l e s f i l t e r i n g t o t a k e p l a c e a t w i r e r a t e . Y o u c a n u s e t h i s f e a t u r e t o h a n d l e n o n -R P F t r a f f i c f o r s p a r s e m o d e g r o u p s e f f i c i e n t l y . In s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n s 6.2.1 a n d l a t e r , t h e s y s t e m s o f t w a r e a u t o m a t i c a l l y e n a b l e s f i l t e r i n g s o t h a t t h e n o n -DR d o e s n o t r e c e i v e u n n e c e s s a r y n o n -R P F t r a f f i c . In e a r l i e r s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n s , y o u n e e d t o c o n f i g u r e a c c e s s l i s t s m a n u a l l y . In o r d e r t o i m p l e m e n t t h i s s o l u t i o n f o r s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n s t h a t a r e e a r l i e r t h a n 6.2.1, p l a c e a n a c c e s s l i s t o n t h e i n b o u n d i n t e r f a c e o f t h e s t u b n e t w o r k . T h e a c c e s s l i s t f i l t e r s m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c t h a t d i d n o t o r i g i n a t e f r o m t h e s t u b n e t w o r k . T h e a c c e s s l i s t i s p u s h e d d o w n t o t h e h a r d w a r e i n t h e s w i t c h . T h i s a c c e s s l i s t e n s u r e s t h a t t h e CP U n e v e r s e e s t h e p a c k e t a n d a l l o w s t h e h a r d w a r e t o d r o p t h e n o n -R P F t r a f f i c . Fo r e x a m p l e , a s s u m e t h a t y o u h a v e t w o r o u t e r s w i t h t w o V L AN s i n c o m m o n . Y o u c a n e x p a n d t h i s n u m b e r o f V L AN s t o a s m a n y V L AN s a s n e c e s s a r y . R o u t e r A i s HS R P p r i m a r y f o r V L AN 1 a n d s e c o n d a r y f o r V L AN 2. R o u t e r B i s s e c o n d a r y f o r V L AN 1 a n d p r i m a r y f o r V L AN 2. Gi v e e i t h e r R o u t e r A o r R o u t e r B a h i g h e r IP a d d r e s s i n o r d e r t o m a k e t h a t r o u t e r t h e DR . Be s u r e t h a t o n l y o n e r o u t e r i s t h e DR f o r a l l s e g m e n t s , a s t h i s e x a m p l e s h o w s :

P a g e 20 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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R o u ter A V L A N 1 P h y sical I P A d d r ess A . B . C . 3 R o u ter B V L A N 1 P h y sical I P A d d r ess A . B . C . 2 V L A N 1 H S R P A d d r ess A . B . C . 1 R o u ter A V L A N 2 P h y sical I P A d d r ess A . B . D . 3 R o u ter B V L A N 2 P h y sical I P A d d r ess A . B . D . 2 V L A N 2 H S R P A d d r ess A . B . D . 1

P l a c e t h i s a c c e s s l i s t o n t h e n o n -DR r o u t e r : access-l ist 10 0 p er m it ip A . B . C . 0 0 . 0 . 0 . 2 55 an y access-l ist 10 0 p er m it ip A . B . D . 0 0 . 0 . 0 . 2 55 an y access-l ist 10 0 p er m it ip an y 2 2 4. 0 . 0 . 0 0 . 0 . 0 . 2 55 access-l ist 10 0 p er m it ip an y 2 2 4. 0 . 1. 0 0 . 0 . 0 . 2 55 access-l ist 10 0 d en y ip an y 2 2 4. 0 . 0 . 0 15. 2 55. 2 55. 2 55

Y o u s h o u l d h a v e o n e p e r m i t f o r e a c h s u b n e t t h a t t h e t w o r o u t e r s s h a r e . O t h e r p e r m i t s a l l o w a u t o -r e n d e z v o u s p o i n t ( R P ) a n d r e s e r v e d g r o u p s t o o p e r a t e c o r r e c t l y . Is s u e t h e s e a d d i t i o n a l c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o a p p l y t h e a c c e s s c o n t r o l l i s t s ( ACL s ) t o e a c h V L AN i n t e r f a c e o n t h e n o n -DR :

� ip a cce s s -g roup 1 0 0 in � no ip re dire cts � no ip unre a ch a b l e s

N ote : Y o u m u s t r u n Ca t a l y s t s o f t w a r e 5.4( 3) o r l a t e r i n o r d e r f o r t h e ACL s t o w o r k i n h y b r i d c o n f i g u r a t i o n . N ote : T h e r e d u n d a n t r o u t e r d e s i g n s t h a t t h i s d o c u m e n t d i s c u s s e s a r e e x t e r n a l l y r e d u n d a n t , w h i c h m e a n s t h a t t h e r e a r e t w o p h y s i c a l 6500 r o u t e r s . Do n o t u s e t h i s w o r k a r o u n d f o r i n t e r n a l r e d u n d a n c y , i n w h i c h t w o r o u t e p r o c e s s o r s a r e i n o n e b o x .

C a se S tud y # 8 : A sy mmetric Ro uting a nd H S RP ( E x c essiv e F l o o d ing o f U nic a st T ra f f ic in N etw o rk w ith Ro uters T h a t Run H S RP ) W i t h a s y m m e t r i c r o u t i n g , t r a n s m i t a n d r e c e i v e p a c k e t s f o l l o w d i f f e r e n t p a t h s b e t w e e n a h o s t a n d t h e p e e r w i t h w h i c h i t c o m m u n i c a t e s . T h i s p a c k e t f l o w i s a r e s u l t o f t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f l o a d b a l a n c i n g b e t w e e n HS R P r o u t e r s , b a s e d o n HS R P p r i o r i t y , w h i c h s e t t h e HS R P t o a c t i v e o r s t a n d b y . T h i s t y p e o f p a c k e t f l o w i n a s w i t c h i n g e n v i r o n m e n t c a n r e s u l t i n e x c e s s i v e u n k n o w n u n i c a s t f l o o d i n g . Al s o , M u l t i l a y e r S w i t c h i n g ( M L S ) e n t r i e s c a n b e a b s e n t . U n k n o w n u n i c a s t f l o o d i n g o c c u r s w h e n t h e s w i t c h f l o o d s a u n i c a s t p a c k e t o u t o f a l l p o r t s . T h e s w i t c h f l o o d s t h e p a c k e t b e c a u s e t h e r e i s n o e n t r y f o r t h e

P a g e 21 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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d e s t i n a t i o n M AC a d d r e s s . T h i s b e h a v i o r d o e s n o t b r e a k c o n n e c t i v i t y b e c a u s e p a c k e t s a r e s t i l l f o r w a r d e d . Bu t , t h e b e h a v i o r d o e s a c c o u n t f o r t h e f l o o d o f e x t r a p a c k e t s o n h o s t p o r t s . T h i s c a s e s t u d i e s t h e b e h a v i o r o f a s y m m e t r i c r o u t i n g a n d w h y u n i c a s t f l o o d i n g r e s u l t s . S y m p t o m s o f a s y m m e t r i c r o u t i n g i n c l u d e :

� Ex c e s s i v e u n i c a s t p a c k e t f l o o d i n g � Ab s e n t M L S e n t r y f o r f l o w s � S n i f f e r t r a c e t h a t s h o w s t h a t p a c k e t s o n t h e h o s t p o r t a r e n o t d e s t i n e d f o r t h e h o s t � In c r e a s e d n e t w o r k l a t e n c y w i t h L 2-b a s e d p a c k e t r e w r i t e e n g i n e s , s u c h a s s e r v e r l o a d b a l a n c e r s , w e b c a c h e d e v i c e s , a n d n e t w o r k a p p l i a n c e s Ex a m p l e s i n c l u d e t h e Ci s c o L o c a l Di r e c t o r a n d Ci s c o Ca c h e En g i n e .

� Dr o p p e d p a c k e t s o n c o n n e c t e d h o s t s a n d w o r k s t a t i o n s t h a t c a n n o t h a n d l e t h e a d d i t i o n a l u n i c a s t -f l o o d i n g t r a f f i c l o a d

N ote : T h e d e f a u l t AR P c a c h e a g i n g t i m e o n a r o u t e r i s f o u r h o u r s . T h e d e f a u l t a g i n g t i m e o f t h e s w i t c h c o n t e n t -a d d r e s s a b l e m e m o r y ( CAM ) e n t r y i s f i v e m i n u t e s . T h e AR P a g i n g t i m e o f t h e h o s t w o r k s t a t i o n s i s n o t s i g n i f i c a n t f o r t h i s d i s c u s s i o n . b u t , t h e e x a m p l e s e t s t h e AR P a g i n g t i m e t o f o u r h o u r s . T h i s d i a g r a m i l l u s t r a t e s t h i s i s s u e . T h i s t o p o l o g y e x a m p l e i n c l u d e s Ca t a l y s t 6500s w i t h M u l t i l a y e r S w i t c h Fe a t u r e Ca r d s ( M S FCs ) i n e a c h s w i t c h . Al t h o u g h t h i s e x a m p l e u s e s M S FCs , y o u c a n u s e a n y r o u t e r i n s t e a d o f t h e M S FC. Ex a m p l e r o u t e r s t h a t y o u c a n u s e i n c l u d e t h e R o u t e S w i t c h M o d u l e ( R S M ), Gi g a b i t S w i t c h R o u t e r ( GS R ), a n d Ci s c o 7500. T h e h o s t s a r e d i r e c t l y c o n n e c t e d t o p o r t s o n t h e s w i t c h . T h e s w i t c h e s a r e i n t e r c o n n e c t e d t h r o u g h a t r u n k w h i c h c a r r i e s t r a f f i c f o r V L AN 1 a n d V L AN 2.

T h e s e o u t p u t s a r e e x c e r p t s f r o m t h e s h ow s ta ndb y c o m m a n d c o n f i g u r a t i o n f r o m e a c h M S FC: M S F C 1

P a g e 22 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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in ter f ace V l an 1 m ac-ad d r ess 0 0 0 3. 6b f 1. 2 a0 1 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 1. 2 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 n o ip r ed ir ects stan d b y 1 ip 10 . 1. 1. 1 stan d b y 1 p r io r ity 110 in ter f ace V l an 2 m ac-ad d r ess 0 0 0 3. 6b f 1. 2 a0 1 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 2 . 2 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 n o ip r ed ir ects stan d b y 2 ip 10 . 1. 2 . 1 M S F C 1# sh ow standby V l an1 - G r o u p 1 L o cal state is A c tiv e , p r io r ity 110 H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 . 69 6 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 1. 1. 1 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y r o u ter is 10 . 1. 1. 3 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 7 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 1 2 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 2 0 : 40 V l an2 - G r o u p 2 L o cal state is Standby , p r io r ity 10 0 H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 . 7 7 6 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 1. 2 . 1 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is 10 . 1. 2 . 3 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 , p r io r ity 110 S tan d b y r o u ter is l o cal 4 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 0 : 51 M S F C 1# exit C o n so l e> ( en ab l e)

M S F C 2 in ter f ace V l an 1 m ac-ad d r ess 0 0 0 3. 6b f 1. 2 a0 2 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 1. 3 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 n o ip r ed ir ects stan d b y 1 ip 10 . 1. 1. 1 in ter f ace V l an 2 m ac-ad d r ess 0 0 0 3. 6b f 1. 2 a0 2 ip ad d r ess 10 . 1. 2 . 3 2 55. 2 55. 2 55. 0 n o ip r ed ir ects stan d b y 2 ip 10 . 1. 2 . 1 stan d b y 2 p r io r ity 110 M S F C 2 # sh ow standby V l an1 - G r o u p 1 L o cal state is Standby , p r io r ity 10 0 H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 2 42 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 1. 1. 1 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is 10 . 1. 1. 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 , p r io r ity 110 S tan d b y r o u ter is l o cal 7 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 1: 17 V l an2 - G r o u p 2

P a g e 23 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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L o cal state is A c tiv e , p r io r ity 110 H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 . 9 2 4 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 1. 2 . 1 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y r o u ter is 10 . 1. 2 . 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 2 2 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 40 : 0 8 M S F C 2 # exit

N ote : O n M S FC1, V L AN 1 i s i n t h e HS R P active s t a t e , a n d V L AN 2 i s i n t h e HS R P stan d b y s t a t e . O n M S FC2, V L AN 2 i s i n t h e HS R P active s t a t e , a n d V L AN 1 i s i n t h e HS R P stan d b y s t a t e . T h e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y o f e a c h h o s t i s t h e r e s p e c t i v e s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s . 1. In i t i a l l y , a l l c a c h e s a r e e m p t y . Ho s t A u s e s M S FC1 a s i t s d e f a u l t g a t e w a y . Ho s t B u s e s M S FC2.

N ote : Fo r b r e v i t y , t h e S w i t c h 1 M AC a d d r e s s f o r t h e r o u t e r HS R P a n d M AC a d d r e s s a r e n o t i n c l u d e d i n t h e o t h e r t a b l e s t h a t a p p e a r i n t h i s s e c t i o n .

2. Ho s t A p i n g s h o s t B, w h i c h m e a n s t h a t h o s t A s e n d s a n ICM P e c h o p a c k e t . Be c a u s e e a c h h o s t r e s i d e s o n a s e p a r a t e V L AN , h o s t A f o r w a r d s i t s p a c k e t s t h a t a r e d e s t i n e d f o r h o s t B t o i t s d e f a u l t g a t e w a y . In o r d e r f o r t h a t p r o c e s s t o o c c u r , h o s t A m u s t s e n d a n AR P i n o r d e r t o r e s o l v e i t s d e f a u l t g a t e w a y M AC a d d r e s s , 10.1.1.1.

A R P a nd M A C A ddre s s T a b l e s B e f ore P ing Is Initia te d

H os t A A R P T a b l e

S w itch 1 M A C A ddre s s

T a b l e M A C V L A N

P ort

M S F C 1 A R P T a b l e

M S F C 2 A R P T a b l e

S w itch 2 M A C A ddre s s

T a b l e M A C V L A N

P ort

H os t B A R P T a b l e

0003.6b f 1.2a 01 1 15/ 1 0003.6b f 1.2a 02

1 15/ 1

0003.6b f 1.2a 01 2 15/ 1 0003.6b f 1.2a 02

2 15/ 1

0000.0c 07.a c 01 1 15/ 1 0000.0c 07.a c 01

1 1/ 1

0000.0c 07.a c 02 2 1/ 1 0000.0c 07.a c 02

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2 1/ 1

A R P a nd M A C A ddre s s T a b l e s A f te r H os t A S e nds A R P f or D e f a ul t

P a g e 24 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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3. M S FC1 r e c e i v e s t h e p a c k e t , r e w r i t e s t h e p a c k e t , a n d f o r w a r d s t h e p a c k e t t o h o s t B. In o r d e r t o r e w r i t e t h e p a c k e t , M S FC1 s e n d s a n AR P r e q u e s t f o r h o s t B b e c a u s e t h e h o s t r e s i d e s o f f a d i r e c t l y c o n n e c t e d i n t e r f a c e . M S FC2 h a s y e t t o r e c e i v e a n y p a c k e t s i n t h i s f l o w . W h e n M S FC1 r e c e i v e s t h e AR P r e p l y f r o m h o s t B, b o t h s w i t c h e s l e a r n t h e s o u r c e p o r t t h a t i s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h h o s t B.

4. Ho s t B r e c e i v e s t h e e c h o p a c k e t f r o m h o s t A, t h r o u g h M S FC1. Ho s t B m u s t n o w s e n d a n e c h o r e p l y t o h o s t A. S i n c e h o s t A r e s i d e s o n a d i f f e r e n t V L AN , h o s t B f o r w a r d s t h e r e p l y t h r o u g h i t s d e f a u l t g a t e w a y , M S FC2. In o r d e r t o f o r w a r d t h e p a c k e t t h r o u g h M S FC2, h o s t B m u s t s e n d a n AR P f o r i t s d e f a u l t g a t e w a y IP a d d r e s s , 10.1.2.1.

G a te w a y

H os t A A R P T a b l e

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M S F C 2 A R P T a b l e

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H os t B A R P T a b l e

10.1.1.1 : 0000.0c 07.a c 01

0000.0c 00.0001 1 2/ 1

10.1.1.10 : 0000.0c 00.0001

A R P a nd M A C A ddre s s T a b l e s A f te r H os t A S e nds P a ck e t to D e f a ul t G a te w a y a nd M S F C 1 S e nds A R P f or H os t B

H os t A A R P T a b l e

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M S F C 2 A R P T a b l e

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10.1.1.1 : 0000.0c 07.a c 01

0000.0c 00.0001 1 2/ 1

10.1.1.10 : 0000.0c 00.0001

0000.0c 00.0002 2 2/ 1

10.1.2.2 : 0003.6b f 1.2a 01

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P a g e 25 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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5. Ho s t B n o w f o r w a r d s t h e e c h o r e p l y p a c k e t t o M S FC2. M S FC2 s e n d s a n AR P r e q u e s t f o r h o s t A b e c a u s e i t i s d i r e c t l y c o n n e c t e d o n V L AN 1. S w i t c h 2 p o p u l a t e s i t s M AC a d d r e s s t a b l e w i t h t h e M AC a d d r e s s o f h o s t B.

6. T h e e c h o r e p l y r e a c h e s h o s t A a n d t h e f l o w i s c o m p l e t e . C ons e q ue nce s of A s y m m e tric R outing Co n s i d e r t h e c a s e o f t h e c o n t i n u o u s p i n g o f h o s t B b y h o s t A. R e m e m b e r t h a t h o s t A s e n d s t h e e c h o p a c k e t t o M S FC1, a n d h o s t B s e n d s t h e e c h o r e p l y t o M S FC2, w h i c h i s i n a n a s y m m e t r i c r o u t i n g s t a t e . T h e o n l y t i m e t h a t S w i t c h 1 l e a r n s t h e s o u r c e M AC o f h o s t B i s w h e n h o s t B r e p l i e s t o a n AR P r e q u e s t f r o m M S FC1. T h i s i s b e c a u s e h o s t B u s e s M S FC2 a s i t s d e f a u l t g a t e w a y a n d d o e s n o t s e n d p a c k e t s t o M S FC1 a n d , c o n s e q u e n t l y , S w i t c h 1. S i n c e t h e AR P t i m e o u t i s f o u r h o u r s b y d e f a u l t , S w i t c h 1 a g e s t h e M AC a d d r e s s o f h o s t B a f t e r f i v e m i n u t e s b y d e f a u l t . S w i t c h 2 a g e s h o s t A a f t e r f i v e m i n u t e s . As a r e s u l t , S w i t c h 1 m u s t t r e a t a n y p a c k e t w i t h a d e s t i n a t i o n M AC o f h o s t B a s a n u n k n o w n u n i c a s t . T h e s w i t c h f l o o d s t h e p a c k e t t h a t c o m e s f r o m h o s t A a n d i s d e s t i n e d f o r h o s t B o u t a l l p o r t s . In a d d i t i o n , b e c a u s e t h e r e i s n o M AC a d d r e s s e n t r y h o s t B i n S w i t c h 1, t h e r e i s n o M L S e n t r y a s w e l l .

10.1.1.1 : 0000.0c 07.a c 01

0000.0c 00.0001 1 2/ 1

10.1.1.10 : 0000.0c 00.0001

10.1.2.10 0000.0c 00.0002

0000.0c 00.0002 2 2/ 1

10.1.2.2 ( 0003.6b f 1.2a 01)

0000.0c 00.0002 2 1/ 1

10.1.2.10 : 0000.0c 00.0001 10.1.2.1

( 0000.0c 07.a c 02)

A R P a nd M A C A ddre s s T a b l e s A f te r E ch o P a ck e t H a s B e e n R e ce iv e d b y H os t A

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10.1.1.1 : 0000.0c 07.a c 01

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10.1.2.10 0000.0c 00.0002

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10.1.2.2 ( 0003.6b f 1.2a 01)

10.1.1.3 : 0003.6b f 1.2a 0

0000.0c 00.0002 2 1/ 1

10.1.2.10 : 0000.0c 00.0001

10.1.1.10 0000.0c 00.0001

0000.0c 00.00001 1 1/ 1

10.1.2.1 ( 0000.0c 07.a c 02)

A R P a nd M A C A ddre s s T a b l e s A f te r 5 M inute s of C ontinuous P ing of H os t B b y H os t A

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10.1.1.1 : 0000.0c 07.a c 01

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10.1.1.10 : 0000.0c 00.0001

10.1.2.10 0000.0c 00.0002

0000.0c 00.0002 2 2/ 1

10.1.2.2 : 0003.6b f 1.2a 01

P a g e 26 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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T h e e c h o r e p l y p a c k e t s t h a t c o m e f r o m h o s t B e x p e r i e n c e t h e s a m e i s s u e a f t e r t h e M AC a d d r e s s e n t r y f o r h o s t A a g e s o n S w i t c h 2. Ho s t B f o r w a r d s t h e e c h o r e p l y t o M S FC2, w h i c h i n t u r n r o u t e s t h e p a c k e t a n d s e n d s i t o u t o n V L AN 1. T h e s w i t c h d o e s n o t h a v e a n e n t r y h o s t A i n t h e M AC a d d r e s s t a b l e a n d m u s t f l o o d t h e p a c k e t o u t a l l p o r t s i n V L AN 1. As y m m e t r i c r o u t i n g i s s u e s d o n o t b r e a k c o n n e c t i v i t y . Bu t , a s y m m e t r i c r o u t i n g c a n c a u s e e x c e s s i v e u n i c a s t f l o o d i n g a n d M L S e n t r i e s t h a t a r e m i s s i n g . T h e r e a r e t h r e e c o n f i g u r a t i o n c h a n g e s t h a t c a n r e m e d y t h i s s i t u a t i o n :

� Ad j u s t t h e M AC a g i n g t i m e o n t h e r e s p e c t i v e s w i t c h e s t o 14,400 s e c o n d s ( f o u r h o u r s ) o r l o n g e r . � Ch a n g e t h e AR P t i m e o u t o n t h e r o u t e r s t o f i v e m i n u t e s ( 300 s e c o n d s ). � Ch a n g e t h e M AC a g i n g t i m e a n d AR P t i m e o u t t o t h e s a m e t i m e o u t v a l u e .

T h e p r e f e r a b l e m e t h o d i s t o c h a n g e t h e M AC a g i n g t i m e t o 14,400 s e c o n d s . T h e s e a r e t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n g u i d e l i n e s :

� Ca t O S : s e t ca m a g ing tim e v l a n _ a gi n g_ t i m e _ i n _ m s e c

� Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e / 2900X L / 3500X L : m a c-a ddre s s -ta b l e a g ing -tim e s e c on d s [ v l a n v l a n _ i d ]

C a se S tud y # 9 : H S RP V irtua l I P A d d ress I s Rep o rted a s a D if f erent I P A d d ress T h e S T A N D B Y -3-D I F F V I P 1 e r r o r m e s s a g e o c c u r s w h e n t h e r e i s i n t e r V L AN l e a k a g e b e c a u s e o f b r i d g i n g l o o p s i n t h e s w i t c h . If y o u g e t t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e a n d t h e r e i s i n t e r V L AN l e a k a g e b e c a u s e o f b r i d g i n g l o o p s i n t h e s w i t c h , c o m p l e t e t h e s e s t e p s i n o r d e r t o r e s o l v e t h e e r r o r : 1. Id e n t i f y t h e p a t h t h a t t h e p a c k e t s s h o u l d t a k e b e t w e e n e n d n o d e s .

If t h e r e i s a r o u t e r o n t h i s p a t h , c o m p l e t e t h e s e s t e p s : a . T r o u b l e s h o o t t h e p a t h f r o m t h e f i r s t s w i t c h t o t h e r o u t e r . b . T r o u b l e s h o o t t h e p a t h f r o m t h e r o u t e r t o t h e s e c o n d s w i t c h .

2. Co n n e c t t o e a c h s w i t c h o n t h e p a t h a n d c h e c k t h e s t a t u s o f t h e p o r t s t h a t a r e u s e d o n t h e p a t h b e t w e e n e n d n o d e s .

Fo r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e a n d o t h e r HS R P e r r o r m e s s a g e s , r e f e r t o t h e S T AN DBY M e s s a g e s s e c t i o n o f Ci s c o IO S S y s t e m Er r o r M e s s a g e s , V o l u m e 2 o f 2.

10.1.1.3 : 0003.6b f 1.2a 0 10.1.2.10 :

0000.0c 00.0001 10.1.1.10 0000.0c 00.0001

10.1.2.1 : 0000.0c 07.a c 01

P a g e 27 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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C a se S tud y # 10 : H S RP C a uses M A C V io l a tio n o n a S ec ure P o rt W h e n p o r t s e c u r i t y i s c o n f i g u r e d o n t h e s w i t c h p o r t s t h a t a r e c o n n e c t e d t o t h e HS R P e n a b l e d r o u t e r s , i t c a u s e s a M AC v i o l a t i o n , s i n c e y o u c a n n o t h a v e t h e s a m e s e c u r e M AC a d d r e s s o n m o r e t h a n o n e i n t e r f a c e . A s e c u r i t y v i o l a t i o n o c c u r s o n a s e c u r e p o r t i n o n e o f t h e s e s i t u a t i o n s :

� T h e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f s e c u r e M AC a d d r e s s e s i s a d d e d t o t h e a d d r e s s t a b l e , a n d a s t a t i o n w h o s e M AC a d d r e s s i s n o t i n t h e a d d r e s s t a b l e a t t e m p t s t o a c c e s s t h e i n t e r f a c e .

� An a d d r e s s t h a t i s l e a r n e d o r c o n f i g u r e d o n o n e s e c u r e i n t e r f a c e i s s e e n o n a n o t h e r s e c u r e i n t e r f a c e i n t h e s a m e V L AN .

By d e f a u l t , a p o r t s e c u r i t y v i o l a t i o n c a u s e s t h e s w i t c h i n t e r f a c e t o b e c o m e e r r o r -d i s a b l e d a n d t o s h u t d o w n i m m e d i a t e l y , w h i c h b l o c k s t h e HS R P s t a t u s m e s s a g e s b e t w e e n t h e r o u t e r s . W ork a round

� Is s u e t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia c o m m a n d o n t h e r o u t e r s . T h i s f o r c e s t h e r o u t e r s t o u s e a b u r n e d -i n a d d r e s s f o r HS R P i n s t e a d o f t h e v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s .

� Di s a b l e p o r t s e c u r i t y o n t h e s w i t c h p o r t s t h a t c o n n e c t t o t h e HS R P e n a b l e d r o u t e r s .

C a se S tud y # 11: % I nterf a c e H a rd w a re C a nno t S up p o rt M ul tip l e G ro up s If m u l t i p l e HS R P g r o u p s a r e c r e a t e d o n t h e i n t e r f a c e , t h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e i s r e c e i v e d :

% I n ter f ace h ar d w ar e can n o t su p p o r t m u l tip l e g r o u p s

T h i s e r r o r m e s s a g e i s r e c e i v e d d u e t o t h e h a r d w a r e l i m i t a t i o n o n s o m e R o u t e r s o r s w i t c h e s . It i s n o t p o s s i b l e t o o v e r c o m e t h e l i m i t a t i o n b y a n y s o f t w a r e m e t h o d s . T h e p r o b l e m i s t h a t e a c h HS R P g r o u p u s e s o n e a d d i t i o n a l M AC a d d r e s s o n i n t e r f a c e , s o t h e Et h e r n e t M AC c h i p m u s t s u p p o r t m u l t i p l e p r o g r a m m a b l e M AC a d d r e s s e s i n o r d e r t o e n a b l e s e v e r a l HS R P g r o u p s . T h e w o r k a r o u n d i s t o u s e t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia i n t e r f a c e c o n f i g u r a t i o n c o m m a n d , w h i c h u s e s t h e Bu r n e d -In Ad d r e s s ( BIA) o f t h e i n t e r f a c e a s i t s v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s , i n s t e a d o f t h e p r e a s s i g n e d M AC a d d r e s s .

H S R P T r ou b l esh ooti ng M od u l es f or Ca tO S S w i tc h es A . V erif y H S RP Ro uter C o nf ig ura tio n 1 . V e rif y U niq ue R oute r Inte rf a ce IP A ddre s s V e r i f y t h a t e a c h HS R P r o u t e r h a s a u n i q u e IP a d d r e s s f o r e a c h s u b n e t o n a p e r -i n t e r f a c e b a s i s . Al s o , v e r i f y t h a t e a c h i n t e r f a c e h a s t h e l i n e p r o t o c o l u p . In o r d e r t o q u i c k l y v e r i f y t h e c u r r e n t s t a t e o f e a c h i n t e r f a c e , i s s u e t h e s h ow ip inte rf a ce b rie f c o m m a n d . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow ip interf ac e brief I n ter f ace I P -A d d r ess O K ? M eth o d S tatu s P r o to co l

P a g e 28 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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V l an 1 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 . 1 Y E S m an u al u p u p V l an 10 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 1 Y E S m an u al u p u p V l an 11 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 1 Y E S m an u al u p u p R o u ter _ 2 # sh ow ip interf ac e brief I n ter f ace I P -A d d r ess O K ? M eth o d S tatu s P r o to co l V l an 1 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 . 2 Y E S m an u al u p u p V l an 10 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 2 Y E S m an u al u p u p V l an 11 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 2 Y E S m an u al u p u p

2 . V e rif y S ta ndb y ( H S R P ) IP A ddre s s e s a nd S ta ndb y G roup N um b e rs V e r i f y t h a t t h e c o n f i g u r e d s t a n d b y ( HS R P ) IP a d d r e s s e s a n d s t a n d b y g r o u p n u m b e r s m a t c h e a c h HS R P -p a r t i c i p a t i n g r o u t e r . A m i s m a t c h o f s t a n d b y g r o u p s o r HS R P s t a n d b y a d d r e s s e s c a n c a u s e HS R P p r o b l e m s . T h e s h ow s ta ndb y c o m m a n d d e t a i l s t h e s t a n d b y g r o u p a n d s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f e a c h i n t e r f a c e . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow standby V l an 10 - G r o u p 10 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 110 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 . 2 16 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 1 0 0 c onf ig ured A ctive r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y r o u ter is 19 2 . 168 . 10 . 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 8 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 a 8 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 18 : 0 4 V l an 11 - G roup 1 1 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 110 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 8 48 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y r o u ter is 19 2 . 168 . 11. 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 8 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 b 2 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 4: 45 R o u ter _ 2 # sh ow standby V l an 10 - G roup 1 0 L o cal state is S tan d b y , p r io r ity 10 9 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 7 10 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is 19 2 . 168 . 10 . 1 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 , p r io r ity 110 S tan d b y r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 a 9 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 2 0 : 2 2 V l an 11 - G roup 1 1 L o cal state is S tan d b y , p r io r ity 10 9 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 2 . 50 6 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is 19 2 . 168 . 11. 1 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 , p r io r ity 110 S tan d b y r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 b

P a g e 29 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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4 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 7 : 0 7

3 . V e rif y T h a t S ta ndb y ( H S R P ) IP A ddre s s Is D if f e re nt p e r Inte rf a ce V e r i f y t h a t t h e s t a n d b y ( HS R P ) IP a d d r e s s i s u n i q u e f r o m t h e c o n f i g u r e d IP a d d r e s s o n e a c h i n t e r f a c e . T h e s h ow s ta ndb y c o m m a n d i s a q u i c k r e f e r e n c e i n o r d e r t o v i e w t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow standby V l an 10 - G r o u p 10 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 110 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 . 2 16 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is l oc al Standby router is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 8 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 a 8 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 18 : 0 4 V l an 11 - G r o u p 11 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 110 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 8 48 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is l oc al Standby router is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 8 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 b 2 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 4: 45 R o u ter _ 2 # sh ow standby V l an 10 - G r o u p 10 L o cal state is S tan d b y , p r io r ity 10 9 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 7 10 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 0 . 1 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 , p r io r ity 110 Standby router is l oc al S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 a 9 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 2 0 : 2 2 V l an 11 - G r o u p 11 L o cal state is S tan d b y , p r io r ity 10 9 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 2 . 50 6 H ot standby I P address is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 1 0 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is 1 9 2. 1 6 8 . 1 1 . 1 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 , p r io r ity 110 Standby router is l oc al S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 b 4 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 7 : 0 7

4 . W h e n to U s e th e s ta ndy us e -b ia C om m a nd U n l e s s HS R P i s c o n f i g u r e d o n a T o k e n R i n g i n t e r f a c e , o n l y u s e t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia c o m m a n d i n s p e c i a l c i r c u m s t a n c e s . T h i s c o m m a n d t e l l s t h e r o u t e r t o u s e i t s BIA i n s t e a d o f t h e v i r t u a l HS R P M AC a d d r e s s f o r t h e HS R P g r o u p . O n a T o k e n R i n g n e t w o r k , i f s o u r c e -r o u t e b r i d g i n g ( S R B) i s i n u s e , t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia c o m m a n d a l l o w s t h e n e w a c t i v e r o u t e r t o u p d a t e t h e h o s t R o u t i n g In f o r m a t i o n Fi e l d ( R IF) c a c h e w i t h a g r a t u i t o u s AR P . Bu t , n o t a l l o f t h e h o s t i m p l e m e n t a t i o n s h a n d l e t h e g r a t u i t o u s AR P c o r r e c t l y . An o t h e r c a v e a t f o r t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia c o m m a n d i n v o l v e s p r o x y AR P . A s t a n d b y r o u t e r

P a g e 30 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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c a n n o t c o v e r f o r t h e l o s t p r o x y AR P d a t a b a s e o f t h e f a i l e d a c t i v e r o u t e r . 5 . V e rif y A cce s s L is t C onf ig ura tion V e r i f y t h a t t h e a c c e s s l i s t s t h a t a r e c o n f i g u r e d o n a l l o f t h e HS R P p e e r s d o n o t f i l t e r a n y HS R P a d d r e s s e s t h a t a r e c o n f i g u r e d o n t h e i r i n t e r f a c e s . S p e c i f i c a l l y , v e r i f y t h e m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s t h a t i s u s e d i n o r d e r t o s e n d t r a f f i c t o a l l o f t h e r o u t e r s o n a s u b n e t ( 2 2 4 . 0 . 0 . 2 ). Al s o , v e r i f y t h a t t h e U DP t r a f f i c t h a t i s d e s t i n e d f o r t h e HS R P p o r t 1 9 8 5 i s n o t f i l t e r e d . HS R P u s e s t h i s a d d r e s s a n d p o r t t o s e n d h e l l o p a c k e t s b e t w e e n p e e r s . Is s u e t h e s h ow a cce s s -l is ts c o m m a n d a s a q u i c k r e f e r e n c e t o n o t e t h e a c c e s s l i s t s t h a t a r e c o n f i g u r e d o n t h e r o u t e r . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow ac c ess-l ists S tan d ar d I P access l ist 7 7 deny 1 6 7 . 1 9 . 0 . 0 , wil dc ard bits 0 . 0 . 255. 255 p er m it an y E x ten d ed I P access l ist 144 deny pim 23 8 . 0 . 1 0 . 0 0 . 0 . 0 . 255 any p er m it ip an y an y ( 58 m atch es)

6 . R e v ie w U niq ue R oute r C onf ig ura tions ( M S M a nd 4 2 3 2 -L 3 ) N ote : T h e M u l t i l a y e r S w i t c h M o d u l e ( M S M ) f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 6500/ 6000 a n d t h e 4232-L 3 b l a d e f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 4000 h a v e u n i q u e c o n f i g u r a t i o n s . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P i s s u e s , v e r i f y t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f , n o t o n l y t h e 4232-L 3 o r M S M , b u t a l s o t h e a d j o i n i n g s w i t c h p o r t c o n f i g u r a t i o n . If y o u n e g l e c t t o c o n f i g u r e t h e a d j o i n i n g s w i t c h p o r t s c o r r e c t l y , HS R P i n s t a b i l i t y a n d o t h e r c o n n e c t i v i t y i s s u e s c a n r e s u l t . T h e HS R P d u p l i c a t e d IP a d d r e s s e r r o r m e s s a g e i s t h e m o s t c o m m o n m e s s a g e t h a t i s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h i n c o r r e c t c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f t h e s e h a r d w a r e m o d u l e s . R e f e r t o t h e s e d o c u m e n t s f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n :

� In s t a l l a t i o n a n d Co n f i g u r a t i o n N o t e f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 4000 L a y e r 3 S e r v i c e s M o d u l e � Ca t a l y s t 6000 Fa m i l y M S M In s t a l l / Co n f i g N o t e

7 . A dditiona l H S R P S a m p l e C onf ig ura tions R e f e r t o t h e s e d o c u m e n t s :

� Co n f i g u r i n g R e d u n d a n c y ( Ca t a l y s t 6500 M S FC) � U s i n g HS R P f o r Fa u l t -T o l e r a n t IP R o u t i n g

B . V erif y C a ta l y st F a st E th erC h a nnel a nd T runk ing C o nf ig ura tio n 1 . V e rif y T runk ing C onf ig ura tion If a t r u n k i s u s e d i n o r d e r t o c o n n e c t t h e HS R P r o u t e r s , v e r i f y t h e t r u n k i n g c o n f i g u r a t i o n s o n t h e r o u t e r s a n d s w i t c h e s . T h e r e a r e f i v e p o s s i b l e t r u n k i n g m o d e s :

� o n

P a g e 31 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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� d e s i r a b l e � a u t o � o f f � n o n e g o t i a t e

V e r i f y t h a t t h e t r u n k i n g m o d e s t h a t a r e c o n f i g u r e d p r o v i d e t h e d e s i r e d t r u n k i n g m e t h o d . R e f e r t o Co n f i g u r i n g Et h e r n e t V L AN T r u n k s f o r a t a b l e t h a t d e t a i l s t h e p o s s i b l e c o n f i g u r a t i o n m o d e s . U s e t h e d esir ab l e c o n f i g u r a t i o n f o r s w i t c h -t o -s w i t c h c o n n e c t i o n s w h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P i s s u e s . T h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n c a n i s o l a t e i s s u e s w h e r e s w i t c h p o r t s a r e u n a b l e t o e s t a b l i s h t r u n k s c o r r e c t l y . S e t a r o u t e r -t o -s w i t c h c o n f i g u r a t i o n a s n o n e g o t i a t e b e c a u s e m o s t Ci s c o IO S r o u t e r s d o n o t s u p p o r t n e g o t i a t i o n o f a t r u n k . Fo r IEEE 802.1Q ( d o t 1q ) t r u n k i n g m o d e , v e r i f y t h a t b o t h s i d e s o f t h e t r u n k a r e c o n f i g u r e d t o u s e t h e s a m e n a t i v e V L AN . Be c a u s e Ci s c o p r o d u c t s d o n o t t a g t h e n a t i v e V L AN b y d e f a u l t , a m i s m a t c h o f n a t i v e V L AN c o n f i g u r a t i o n s r e s u l t s i n n o c o n n e c t i v i t y o n m i s m a t c h e d V L AN s . L a s t l y , v e r i f y t h a t t h e t r u n k i s c o n f i g u r e d t o c a r r y t h e V L AN s t h a t a r e c o n f i g u r e d o n t h e r o u t e r , a n d v e r i f y t h a t t h e V L AN s a r e n o t p r u n e d a n d i n t h e S T P s t a t e f o r r o u t e r -c o n n e c t e d p o r t s . Is s u e t h e s h ow trunk m od / port c o m m a n d f o r a q u i c k r e f e r e n c e t h a t s h o w s t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow trunk 2/ 1 1 P o r t M o d e E n cap su l atio n S tatu s N ative vl an -------- ----------- ------------- ------------ ----------- 2 / 11 desirabl e isl tr u n k in g 1 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed o n tr u n k -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-10 0 5 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed an d active in m an ag em en t d o m ain -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-2 P o r t V l an s in sp an n in g tr ee f o r w ar d in g state an d n o t p r u n ed -------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------2 / 11 1-2 S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow trunk 2/ 1 0 P o r t M o d e E n cap su l atio n S tatu s N ative vl an -------- ----------- ------------- ------------ ----------- 2 / 10 desirabl e isl tr u n k in g 1 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed o n tr u n k -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 10 1-10 0 5 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed an d active in m an ag em en t d o m ain -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 10 1-2 P o r t V l an s in sp an n in g tr ee f o r w ar d in g state an d n o t p r u n ed -------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------

P a g e 32 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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2 / 10 1-2 S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow trunk 2/ 1 1 P o r t M o d e E n cap su l atio n S tatu s N ative vl an -------- ----------- ------------- ------------ ----------- 2 / 11 noneg otiate isl tr u n k in g 1 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed o n tr u n k -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-10 0 5 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed an d active in m an ag em en t d o m ain -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-2 P o r t V l an s in sp an n in g tr ee f o r w ar d in g state an d n o t p r u n ed -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-2 S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow trunk 2/ 1 1 P o r t M o d e E n cap su l atio n S tatu s N ative vl an -------- ----------- ------------- ------------ ----------- 2 / 11 noneg otiate dot1 q trunking 1 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed o n tr u n k -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-10 0 5 P o r t V l an s al l o w ed an d active in m an ag em en t d o m ain -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-2 P o r t V l an s in sp an n in g tr ee f o r w ar d in g state an d n o t p r u n ed -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 / 11 1-2

2 . V e rif y F a s t E th e rC h a nne l ( P ort C h a nne l ing ) C onf ig ura tion If a p o r t c h a n n e l i s u s e d i n o r d e r t o c o n n e c t t h e HS R P r o u t e r s , v e r i f y t h e Et h e r Ch a n n e l c o n f i g u r a t i o n o n b o t h r o u t e r s a n d s w i t c h e s . Co n f i g u r e a s w i t c h -t o -s w i t c h p o r t c h a n n e l a s d e s i r a b l e o n a t l e a s t o n e s i d e . T h e o t h e r s i d e c a n b e i n a n y o f t h e s e m o d e s :

� o n � d e s i r a b l e � a u t o

He r e i s a n e x a m p l e : S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow port c h annel P o r t S tatu s C h an n el A d m in C h M o d e G r o u p I d ----- ---------- -------------------- ----- ----- 1 / 1 c onnec ted desirabl e sil ent 16 7 69 1 / 2 c onnec ted desirabl e sil ent 16 7 69 ----- ---------- -------------------- ----- -----

P a g e 33 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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P o r t D evice-I D P o r t-I D P l atf o r m ----- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------------- 1/ 1 S C A 0 317 0 0 T R 1/ 1 W S -C 650 9 1/ 2 S C A 0 317 0 0 T R 1/ 2 W S -C 650 9 ----- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ----------------S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow port c h annel P o r t S tatu s C h an n el A d m in C h M o d e G r o u p I d ----- ---------- -------------------- ----- ----- 1 / 1 c onnec ted desirabl e sil ent 2 9 7 69 1 / 2 c onnec ted desirabl e sil ent 2 9 7 69 ----- ---------- -------------------- ----- ----- P o r t D evice-I D P o r t-I D P l atf o r m ----- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------------- 1/ 1 T B A 0 350 10 66 1/ 1 W S -C 650 6 1/ 2 T B A 0 350 10 66 1/ 2 W S -C 650 6 ----- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ----------------

3 A dditiona l C h a nne l ing a nd T runk ing S a m p l e C onf ig ura tions R e f e r t o t h e s e d o c u m e n t s :

� Co n f i g u r i n g Et h e r Ch a n n e l Be t w e e n Ca t a l y s t 4500/ 4000, 5500/ 5000, a n d 6500/ 6000 S w i t c h e s T h a t R u n Ca t O S S y s t e m S o f t w a r e

� Co n f i g u r i n g Et h e r c h a n n e l ( Ca t O S s o f t w a r e ) � Co n f i g u r i n g L a y e r 3 a n d L a y e r 2 Et h e r Ch a n n e l ( Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e )

4 . Inv e s tig a te S w itch M A C A ddre s s F orw a rding T a b l e V e r i f y t h a t t h e M AC a d d r e s s t a b l e e n t r i e s e x i s t o n t h e s w i t c h f o r t h e HS R P r o u t e r s f o r t h e HS R P v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s a n d t h e p h y s i c a l BIAs . T h e s h ow s ta ndb y c o m m a n d o n t h e r o u t e r p r o v i d e s t h e v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s . T h e s h ow inte rf a ce c o m m a n d p r o v i d e s t h e p h y s i c a l BIA. He r e a r e s a m p l e o u t p u t s :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow standby V l an 1 - G r o u p 1 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 10 0 H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 1. 8 2 0 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 1. 1. 2 54 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y r o u ter is 10 . 1. 1. 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 7 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c 0 7 . ac 0 1 2 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 50 : 15 V l an 2 - G r o u p 2 L o cal state is A ctive, p r io r ity 2 0 0 , m ay p r eem p t H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 N ex t h el l o sen t in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 . 7 2 4 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 10 . 2 . 1. 2 54 co n f ig u r ed A ctive r o u ter is l o cal S tan d b y r o u ter is 10 . 2 . 1. 2 ex p ir es in 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 9 S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c 0 7 . ac 0 2 6 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 7 : 59 S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow c am 0 0 -0 0 -0 c -0 7 -ac -0 1 * = S tatic E n tr y + = P er m an en t E n tr y # = S y stem E n tr y R = R o u ter E n tr y X = P o r t S ecu r ity

P a g e 34 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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E n tr y V L A N D est M A C / R o u te D es [ C o S ] D estin atio n P o r ts o r V C s / [ P r o to co l T y p e] ---- ------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 -0 0 -0 c -0 7 -ac -0 1 R 1 5/ 1 [ A L L ] T o tal M atch in g C A M E n tr ies D isp l ay ed = 1 S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow c am 0 0 -0 0 -0 c -0 7 -ac -0 2 * = S tatic E n tr y + = P er m an en t E n tr y # = S y stem E n tr y R = R o u ter E n tr y X = P o r t S ecu r ity E n tr y V L A N D est M A C / R o u te D es [ C o S ] D estin atio n P o r ts o r V C s / [ P r o to co l T y p e] ---- ------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------- 2 0 0 -0 0 -0 c -0 7 -ac -0 2 R 1 5/ 1 [ A L L ] T o tal M atch in g C A M E n tr ies D isp l ay ed = 1

Be s u r e t o c h e c k t h e CAM a g i n g t i m e i n o r d e r t o d e t e r m i n e h o w q u i c k l y t h e e n t r i e s a r e a g e d . If t h e t i m e e q u a l s t h e c o n f i g u r e d v a l u e f o r S T P f o r w a r d d e l a y , w h i c h i s 15 s e c o n d s b y d e f a u l t , t h e r e i s a s t r o n g p o s s i b i l i t y t h a t t h e r e i s a n S T P l o o p i n t h e n e t w o r k . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow c am ag ing tim e V L A N 1 ag ing tim e = 3 0 0 sec V L A N 2 ag ing tim e = 3 0 0 sec V L A N 10 0 3 ag in g tim e = 30 0 sec V L A N 10 0 5 ag in g tim e = 30 0 sec S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow c am ag ing tim e V L A N 1 ag ing tim e = 3 0 0 sec V L A N 2 ag ing tim e = 3 0 0 sec V L A N 10 0 3 ag in g tim e = 30 0 sec V L A N 10 0 5 ag in g tim e = 30 0 sec

C . V erif y P h y sic a l L a y er C o nnec tiv ity If m o r e t h a n o n e r o u t e r i n a n HS R P g r o u p b e c o m e s a c t i v e , t h o s e r o u t e r s d o n o t c o n s i s t e n t l y r e c e i v e t h e h e l l o p a c k e t s f r o m f e l l o w HS R P p e e r s . P h y s i c a l l a y e r p r o b l e m s c a n p r e v e n t t h e c o n s i s t e n t p a s s o f t r a f f i c b e t w e e n p e e r s a n d c a u s e t h i s s c e n a r i o . Be s u r e t o v e r i f y p h y s i c a l c o n n e c t i v i t y a n d IP c o n n e c t i v i t y b e t w e e n HS R P p e e r s w h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P . Is s u e t h e s h ow s ta ndb y c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o v e r i f y c o n n e c t i v i t y . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow standby V l an 10 - G r o u p 10 L oc al state is A c tiv e, priority 1 1 0 , m ay preem pt H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 19 2 . 168 . 10 . 10 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is l oc al Standby router is unknown expired S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 a 12 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 0 : 48 V l an 11 - G r o u p 11 L oc al state is A c tiv e, priority 1 1 0 , m ay preem pt H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 19 2 . 168 . 11. 10 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is l oc al Standby router is unknown expired S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 b 6 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 0 : 48 R o u ter _ 2 # sh ow standby V l an 10 - G r o u p 10

P a g e 35 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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L oc al state is A c tiv e, priority 1 0 9 , m ay preem pt H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 19 2 . 168 . 10 . 10 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is l oc al Standby router is unknown expired S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 a 15 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 1: 18 V l an 11 - G r o u p 11 L oc al state is A c tiv e, priority 1 0 9 , m ay preem pt H el l o tim e 3 h o l d tim e 10 H o t stan d b y I P ad d r ess is 19 2 . 168 . 11. 10 0 co n f ig u r ed A c tiv e router is l oc al Standby router is unknown expired S tan d b y vir tu al m ac ad d r ess is 0 0 0 0 . 0 c0 7 . ac0 b 10 state ch an g es, l ast state ch an g e 0 0 : 0 1: 18

1 . C h e ck Inte rf a ce S ta tus Ch e c k t h e i n t e r f a c e s . V e r i f y t h a t a l l HS R P -c o n f i g u r e d i n t e r f a c e s a r e u p / u p , a s t h i s e x a m p l e s h o w s :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow ip interf ac e brief I n ter f ace I P -A d d r ess O K ? M eth o d S tatu s P r o to co l V l an 1 10 . 1. 1. 1 Y E S m an u al ad m in istr ativel y d o w n d o w n V l an 2 10 . 2 . 1. 1 Y E S m an u al u p u p R o u ter _ 2 # sh ow ip interf ac e brief I n ter f ace I P -A d d r ess O K ? M eth o d S tatu s P r o to co l V l an 1 10 . 1. 1. 2 Y E S m an u al u p u p V l an 2 10 . 2 . 1. 2 Y E S m an u al d o w n d o w n

If a n y i n t e r f a c e s a r e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e l y d o w n / d o w n , e n t e r t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n m o d e o n t h e r o u t e r a n d i s s u e t h e no s h utdow n i n t e r f a c e -s p e c i f i c c o m m a n d . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

R o u ter _ 1# c onf ig ure term inal E n ter co n f ig u r atio n co m m an d s, o n e p er l in e. E n d w ith C N T L / Z . R o u ter _ 1( co n f ig ) # in ter f ace vl an 1 R o u ter _ 1( co n f ig -if ) # no sh utdown R o u ter _ 1( co n f ig -if ) # ^ Z R o u ter _ 1# sh ow ip interf ac e brief I n ter f ace I P -A d d r ess O K ? M eth o d S tatu s P r o to co l V l an 1 10 . 1. 1. 1 Y E S m an u al up downV l an 2 10 . 2 . 1. 1 Y E S m an u al u p u p

If a n y i n t e r f a c e s a r e d o w n / d o w n o r u p / d o w n , r e v i e w t h e l o g f o r a n y i n t e r f a c e c h a n g e n o t i f i c a t i o n s . Fo r Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e -b a s e d s w i t c h e s , t h e s e m e s s a g e s a p p e a r f o r l i n k u p / d o w n s i t u a t i o n s :

% L I N K -3-U P D O W N : I n ter f ace " in ter f ace" , ch an g ed state to u p % L I N K -3-U P D O W N : I n ter f ace " in ter f ace" , ch an g ed state to d o w n R o u ter _ 1# sh ow l og 3d 0 4h : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 0 : V l an 2 state A ctive-> S p eak 3d 0 4h : % L I N K -5-C H A N G E D : I n ter f ace V l an 2 , c h ang ed state to down 3d 0 4h : % L I N E P R O T O -5-U P D O W N : L in e p r o to co l o n I n ter f ace V l an 2 , c h ang ed state to down

P a g e 36 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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In s p e c t t h e p o r t s , c a b l e s , a n d a n y t r a n s c e i v e r s o r o t h e r d e v i c e s t h a t a r e b e t w e e n t h e HS R P p e e r s . Ha s a n y o n e r e m o v e d o r l o o s e n e d a n y c o n n e c t i o n s ? Ar e t h e r e a n y i n t e r f a c e s t h a t l o s e a l i n k r e p e a t e d l y ? Ar e t h e p r o p e r c a b l e t y p e s u s e d ? Ch e c k t h e i n t e r f a c e s f o r a n y e r r o r s , a s t h i s e x a m p l e s h o w s :

R o u ter _ 1# sh ow interf ac e v l an2 V l an 2 is d o w n , l in e p r o to co l is d o w n H ar d w ar e is C at5k R P V ir tu al E th er n et, ad d r ess is 0 0 30 . f 2 c9 . 5638 ( b ia 0 0 30 . f 2 c9 . 5638 ) I n ter n et ad d r ess is 10 . 2 . 1. 1/ 2 4 M T U 150 0 b y tes, B W 10 0 0 0 K b it, D L Y 10 0 0 u sec, r el iab il ity 2 55/ 2 55, tx l o ad 1/ 2 55, r x l o ad 1/ 2 55 E n cap su l atio n A R P A , l o o p b ack n o t set A R P ty p e: A R P A , A R P T im eo u t 0 4: 0 0 : 0 0 L ast in p u t 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 , o u tp u t n ever , o u tp u t h an g n ever L ast cl ear in g o f " sh o w in ter f ace" co u n ter s n ever Q u eu ein g str ateg y : f if o O u tp u t q u eu e 0 / 40 , 0 drops ; in p u t q u eu e 0 / 7 5, 0 drops 5 m in u te in p u t r ate 0 b its/ sec, 0 p ack ets/ sec 5 m in u te o u tp u t r ate 0 b its/ sec, 0 p ack ets/ sec 155314 p ack ets in p u t, 8 2 59 8 9 5 b y tes, 0 n o b u f f er R ec eiv ed 0 broadc asts, 0 runts, 0 g iants, 0 th rottl es 0 input errors, 0 C R C , 0 f ram e, 0 ov errun, 0 ig nored 8 18 5 p ack ets o u tp u t, 647 32 2 b y tes, 0 u n d er r u n s 0 output errors, 3 interf ac e resets 0 output buf f er f ail ures, 0 output buf f ers swapped out

2 . L ink C h a ng e a nd P ort E rrors Ch e c k t h e s w i t c h p o r t s l i n k c h a n g e s a n d o t h e r e r r o r s . Is s u e t h e s e c o m m a n d s a n d r e v i e w t h e o u t p u t :

� s h ow l og g ing b uf f e r � s h ow p ort � s h ow m a c

T h e s e c o m m a n d s h e l p y o u d e t e r m i n e i f t h e r e i s a p r o b l e m w i t h c o n n e c t i v i t y b e t w e e n s w i t c h e s a n d o t h e r d e v i c e s . T h e s e m e s s a g e s a r e n o r m a l f o r l i n k u p / d o w n s i t u a t i o n s :

P A G P -5-P O R T T O S T P : P o r t [ d ec] / [ d ec] j o in ed b r id g e p o r t [ d ec] / [ ch ar s] P A G P -5-P O R T F R O M S T P : P o r t [ d ec] / [ d ec] l ef t b r id g e p o r t [ d ec] / [ ch ar s] S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow l og g ing buf f er 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 3 7 : 24 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O ST P : P ort 2/ 1 j oined bridg e port 2/ 1 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 3 7 : 25 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O ST P : P ort 2/ 2 j oined bridg e port 2/ 2 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 3 7 : 25 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O ST P : P ort 2/ 3 j oined bridg e port 2/ 3 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 3 7 : 25 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O ST P : P ort 2/ 1 1 j oined bridg e port 2/ 1 1 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 4 6 : 3 9 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O ST P : P ort 2/ 1 2 j oined bridg e port 2/ 1 2 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 4 6 : 29 % P A G P -5-P O R T F R O M ST P : P ort 2/ 1 1 l ef t bridg e port 2/ 1 1 2 0 0 1 J an 0 8 2 0 : 46: 2 9 % P A G P -5-P O R T F R O M S T P : P o r t 2 / 12 l ef t b r id g e p o r t 2 / 12 2 0 0 1 J an 0 8 2 0 : 47 : 0 5 % D T P -5-T R U N K P O R T O N : P o r t 2 / 11 h as b eco m e isl tr u n k 20 0 1 J an 0 8 20 : 52: 1 5 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O ST P : P ort 2/ 1 1 j oined bridg e port 2/ 1 1 2 0 0 1 J an 0 8 2 2 : 18 : 2 4 % D T P -5-T R U N K P O R T O N : P o r t 2 / 12 h as b eco m e isl tr u n k 2 0 0 1 J an 0 8 2 2 : 18 : 34 % P A G P -5-P O R T T O S T P : P o r t 2 / 12 j o in ed b r id g e p o r t 2 / 12

P a g e 37 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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Is s u e t h e s h ow p ort c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o d e t e r m i n e t h e g e n e r a l h e a l t h o f a p o r t . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e : S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow port status 2/ 1 1 P o r t N am e S tatu s V l an L evel D u p l ex S p eed T y p e ----- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ------ ------ ----- ------------2/ 1 1 c onnec ted trunk n o r m al a-f u l l a-10 0 10 / 10 0 B aseT X

Is t h e p o r t s t a t u s co n n ected , n o tco n n ect, o r er r d isab l e? If t h e s t a t u s i s n o tco n n ect, c h e c k t h a t t h e c a b l e i s p l u g g e d i n o n b o t h s i d e s . Ch e c k t h a t t h e p r o p e r c a b l e i s u s e d . If t h e s t a t u s i s er r d isab l e, r e v i e w t h e c o u n t e r s f o r e x c e s s i v e e r r o r s . R e f e r t o R e c o v e r i n g Fr o m e r r Di s a b l e P o r t S t a t e o n t h e Ca t O S P l a t f o r m s f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n . Fo r w h a t V L AN i s t h i s p o r t c o n f i g u r e d ? Be s u r e t h a t t h e o t h e r s i d e o f t h e c o n n e c t i o n i s c o n f i g u r e d f o r t h e s a m e V L AN . If t h e l i n k i s c o n f i g u r e d t o b e a t r u n k , b e s u r e t h a t b o t h s i d e s o f t h e t r u n k c a r r y t h e s a m e V L AN s . W h a t i s t h e s p e e d a n d d u p l e x c o n f i g u r a t i o n ? If t h e s e t t i n g i s p r e c e d e d b y a -, t h e p o r t i s c o n f i g u r e d t o a u t o n e g o t i a t e t h e s p e e d a n d d u p l e x . O t h e r w i s e , t h e n e t w o r k a d m i n i s t r a t o r h a s p r e d e t e r m i n e d t h i s c o n f i g u r a t i o n . Fo r c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f t h e s p e e d a n d d u p l e x f o r a l i n k , t h e s e t t i n g s o n b o t h s i d e s o f t h e l i n k m u s t m a t c h . If o n e s w i t c h p o r t i s c o n f i g u r e d f o r a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n , t h e o t h e r s i d e o f t h e l i n k m u s t a l s o b e c o n f i g u r e d f o r a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n . If o n e s i d e i s h a r d c o d e d t o a s p e c i f i c s p e e d a n d d u p l e x , t h e o t h e r s i d e m u s t b e h a r d c o d e d a s w e l l . If y o u l e a v e o n e s i d e t o a u t o n e g o t i a t e w h i l e t h e o t h e r s i d e i s h a r d c o d e d , y o u b r e a k t h e a u t o n e g o t i a t i o n p r o c e s s .

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow port c ounters 2/ 1 1 P o r t A l ig n -E r r F C S -E r r X m it-E r r R cv-E r r U n d er S iz e ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- 2/ 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 P o r t S in g l e-C o l M u l ti-C o l l L ate-C o l l E x cess-C o l C ar r i-S en R u n ts G ian ts ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- 2/ 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 - L ast-T im e-C l ear ed -------------------------- F r i J an 5 2 0 0 1, 13: 30 : 45

Ar e t h e r e a l o t o f A l ig n -E r r , F C S -E r r , o r R u n ts? T h e s e i n d i c a t e a s p e e d o r d u p l e x m i s m a t c h b e t w e e n t h e p o r t a n d t h e c o n n e c t i n g d e v i c e . Ch a n g e t h e s p e e d a n d d u p l e x s e t t i n g s f o r t h a t p o r t i n o r d e r t o h e l p c o r r e c t t h e s e e r r o r s . Is s u e t h e s h ow m a c c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o v e r i f y t h a t t h e p o r t i s p a s s i n g t r a f f i c . T h e R cv- a n d X m it- c o l u m n s i n d i c a t e t h e n u m b e r o f u n i c a s t , m u l t i c a s t , a n d b r o a d c a s t p a c k e t s t h a t a r e r e c e i v e d a n d t r a n s m i t t e d o n a p a r t i c u l a r p o r t . T h e b o t t o m c o u n t e r s r e v e a l h o w m a n y p a c k e t s a r e d i s c a r d e d o r l o s t a n d w h e t h e r t h e s e p a c k e t s a r e a p a r t o f i n b o u n d o r o u t b o u n d t r a f f i c . L r n -D iscr d , I n -L o st, a n d O u t-L o st c o u n t t h e n u m b e r o f p a c k e t s t h a t a r e m i s t a k e n l y f o r w a r d e d o r d r o p p e d d u e t o i n s u f f i c i e n t b u f f e r s .

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow m ac 2/ 1 1 P o r t R cv-U n icast R cv-M u l ticast R cv-B r o ad cast -------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- 2/ 1 1 9 7 8 6 9 9 3 9 26 7 8 P o r t X m it-U n icast X m it-M u l ticast X m it-B r o ad cast -------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- 2/ 1 1 58 7 5551 7 1 4 8

P a g e 38 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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P o r t R cv-O ctet X m it-O ctet -------- -------------------- -------------------- 2/ 1 1 23 54 1 3 6 7 20 6 3 8 6 M A C D el y -E x ced M T U -E x ced I n -D iscar d L r n -D iscr d I n -L o st O u t-L o st -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 2/ 1 1 0 - 1 3 0 0 0 L ast-T im e-C l ear ed -------------------------- F r i J an 5 2 0 0 1, 13: 30 : 45

3 . V e rif y IP C onne ctiv ity V e r i f y IP c o n n e c t i v i t y . Is s u e a n IP p i n g f r o m t h e a s s o c i a t e d r o u t e r . T h i s h e l p s e x p o s e a n y m o m e n t a r y l o s s e s o f c o n n e c t i v i t y . An e x t e n d e d p i n g i s o n l y a v a i l a b l e i n en ab l e m o d e . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

r o u ter _ 1# ping P r o to co l [ ip ] : T ar g et I P ad d r ess: 1 0 . 2. 1 . 2 R ep eat co u n t [ 5] : 1 0 0 0 D atag r am siz e [ 10 0 ] : 1 50 0 T im eo u t in seco n d s [ 2 ] : E x ten d ed co m m an d s [ n ] : S w eep r an g e o f siz es [ n ] : T y p e escap e seq u en ce to ab o r t. S en d in g 10 0 0 , 150 0 -b y te I C M P E ch o s to 10 . 2 . 1. 2 , tim eo u t is 2 seco n d s: ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! S u ccess r ate is 10 0 p er cen t ( 10 0 0 / 10 0 0 ) , r o u n d -tr ip m in / avg / m ax = 4/ 4/ 2 0 m s

Is s u e t h e p i n g f r o m e a c h HS R P r o u t e r t o i t s p e e r s i n o r d e r t o d e t e r m i n e t h e l o c a t i o n o f t h e f a i l u r e i n c o n n e c t i v i t y . 4 . C h e ck f or U nidire ctiona l L ink Ch e c k t h e s w i t c h f o r u n i d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k s b e t w e e n HS R P p e e r s . A u n i d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k o c c u r s w h e n e v e r t r a f f i c t h a t a l o c a l d e v i c e t r a n s m i t s o v e r a l i n k i s r e c e i v e d b y t h e n e i g h b o r , b u t t r a f f i c t h a t t h e n e i g h b o r t r a n s m i t s i s n o t r e c e i v e d b y t h e l o c a l d e v i c e . L a t e r v e r s i o n s o f Ca t O S h a v e a f e a t u r e t h a t c a n d e t e c t a u n i d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k . T h i s f e a t u r e i s k n o w n a s U n i Di r e c t i o n a l L i n k De t e c t i o n ( U DL D) a g g r e s s i v e m o d e . U s e o f U DL D i s o n l y p o s s i b l e i f b o t h s i d e s o f t h e c o n n e c t i o n s u p p o r t t h e f e a t u r e . U DL D a g g r e s s i v e

P a g e 39 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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m o d e o p e r a t e s a t L 2 t o d e t e r m i n e i f a l i n k i s c o n n e c t e d c o r r e c t l y a n d i f t r a f f i c f l o w s b i d i r e c t i o n a l l y b e t w e e n t h e r i g h t n e i g h b o r s . Y o u c a n c o n f i g u r e U DL D a g g r e s s i v e m o d e i n Ca t O S r e l e a s e 5.4( 3) a n d l a t e r f o r p o i n t -t o -p o i n t c o n n e c t i o n s o n a p o r t -b y -p o r t b a s i s . R e f e r t o Co n f i g u r i n g U DL D f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n . He r e a r e s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t s : N ote : En a b l e m e n t o f U DL D w i t h o u t e n a b l e m e n t o f U DL D a g g r e s s i v e m o d e o n l y c h e c k s f o r i n c o r r e c t l y w i r e d f i b e r c a b l e . In t h i s c a s e , U DL D c h e c k s w h e r e t h e r e c e i v e a n d t r a n s m i t a r e c r o s s e d a m o n g m u l t i p l e c o n n e c t i o n s .

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) set udl d enabl e U D L D enabl ed g l obal l y C o n so l e> ( en ab l e) set udl d ag g ressiv e-m ode enabl e 1 / 1 -2 A g g r essive U D L D en ab l ed o n p o r ts 1/ 1-2 . C o n so l e> ( en ab l e) sh ow udl d U D L D : enabl ed M essag e I nterv al : 1 5 sec onds C o n so l e> ( en ab l e) sh ow udl d port 1 U D L D : en ab l ed M essag e I n ter val : 15 seco n d s P o r t A d m in S tatu s A g g r essive M o d e L in k S tate -------- ------------ --------------- ---------------- 1/ 1 en ab l ed en ab l ed u n d eter m in ed 1/ 2 en ab l ed en ab l ed u n d eter m in ed

In Ca t O S 5.4.3 a n d e a r l i e r , i n w h i c h t h e s w i t c h d o e s n o t s u p p o r t U DL D, o r i f t h e l i n k i n q u e s t i o n h a s a r o u t e r o n o n e e n d , y o u c a n e n a b l e Ci s c o Di s c o v e r y P r o t o c o l ( CDP ). En a b l e m e n t o f CDP i s a n o t h e r w a y t o d e t e c t i f a u n i d i r e c t i o n a l l i n k e x i s t s . If o n l y o n e s i d e o f a l i n k c a n s e e i t s n e i g h b o r d e v i c e , r e p l a c e t h e c a b l e b e t w e e n t h e d e v i c e s a n d c h e c k f o r f a u l t y i n t e r f a c e s . R e f e r t o Co n f i g u r i n g CDP f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n .

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow c dp C D P : enabl ed M essag e I n ter val : 60 H o l d T im e : 18 0 S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow c dp neig h bors * - in d icates vl an m ism atch . # - in d icates d u p l ex m ism atch . P o r t D evice-I D P o r t-I D P l atf o r m -------- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------2/ 5 0 6 6 56 0 0 9 1 ( Switc h _ 2) 2/ 9 W S-C 550 5 2/ 6 0 6 6 56 0 0 9 1 ( Switc h _ 2) 2/ 1 0 W S-C 550 5 1 5/ 1 R outer_ 1 V l an1 c isc o C at5k-R SF C S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow c dp C D P : enabl ed M essag e I n ter val : 60 H o l d T im e : 18 0 S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh o w cd p n eig h b o r s * - in d icates vl an m ism atch . # - in d icates d u p l ex m ism atch . P o r t D evice-I D P o r t-I D P l atf o r m -------- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------2/ 9 0 6 6 56 50 6 1 ( Switc h _ 1 ) 2/ 5 W S-C 550 5 2/ 1 0 0 6 6 56 50 6 1 ( Switc h _ 1 ) 2/ 6 W S-C 550 5 1 5/ 1 R outer_ 2 V l an1 c isc o C at5k-R SF C

P a g e 40 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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5 . A dditiona l P h y s ica l L a y e r T roub l e s h ooting R e f e re nce s R e f e r t o t h e s e d o c u m e n t s :

� Co n f i g u r i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g Et h e r n e t 10/ 100/ 1000M b Ha l f / Fu l l Du p l e x Au t o -N e g o t i a t i o n � R e c o v e r i n g Fr o m e r r Di s a b l e P o r t S t a t e o n t h e Ca t O S P l a t f o r m s � T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g Ci s c o Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h e s t o N IC Co m p a t i b i l i t y Is s u e s � T h e U n d e r s t a n d i n g Da t a L i n k Er r o r s s e c t i o n o f T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g Ci s c o Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h e s t o N IC Co m p a t i b i l i t y Is s u e s

� T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g S w i t c h P o r t a n d In t e r f a c e P r o b l e m s

D . L a y er 3 H S RP D eb ug g ing If t h e HS R P s t a t e c h a n g e s a r e f r e q u e n t , u s e t h e HS R P d e b u g c o m m a n d s i n e n a b l e m o d e o n t h e r o u t e r i n o r d e r t o w a t c h HS R P a c t i v i t y . T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n h e l p s y o u d e t e r m i n e w h a t HS R P p a c k e t s a r e r e c e i v e d a n d s e n t b y t h e r o u t e r . Ga t h e r t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i f y o u c r e a t e a s e r v i c e r e q u e s t w i t h Ci s c o T e c h n i c a l S u p p o r t . T h e d e b u g o u t p u t a l s o s h o w s HS R P s t a t e i n f o r m a t i o n , a l o n g w i t h d e t a i l e d HS R P h e l l o p a c k e t a c c o u n t s . 1 . S ta nda rd H S R P D e b ug g ing In Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1 a n d e a r l i e r , t h e HS R P d e b u g c o m m a n d i s s i m p l y de b ug s ta ndb y . T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s u s e f u l w h e r e p r o b l e m s a r e i n t e r m i t t e n t a n d a f f e c t o n l y a f e w i n t e r f a c e s . T h e d e b u g e n a b l e s y o u t o d e t e r m i n e i f t h e HS R P r o u t e r i n q u e s t i o n r e c e i v e s a n d t r a n s m i t s HS R P h e l l o p a c k e t s a t s p e c i f i c i n t e r v a l s . If t h e r o u t e r d o e s n o t r e c e i v e h e l l o p a c k e t s , y o u c a n i n f e r t h a t e i t h e r t h e p e e r d o e s n o t t r a n s m i t t h e h e l l o p a c k e t s o r t h e n e t w o r k d r o p s t h e p a c k e t s .

He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t : R o u ter _ 1# debug standby H S R P d eb u g g in g is o n R o u ter _ 1# 4 d0 1 h : SB 1 : V l an1 H el l o out 1 0 . 1 . 1 . 1 A c tiv e pri 1 0 0 ip 1 0 . 1 . 1 . 254 4 d0 1 h : SB 1 : V l an1 H el l o in 1 0 . 1 . 1 . 2 Standby pri 1 0 0 ip 1 0 . 1 . 1 . 254 4 d0 1 h : SB 2: V l an2 H el l o in 1 0 . 2. 1 . 2 Standby pri 1 0 0 ip 1 0 . 2. 1 . 254 4 d0 1 h : SB 2: V l an2 H el l o out 1 0 . 2. 1 . 1 A c tiv e pri 1 0 0 ip 1 0 . 2. 1 . 254

2 . C onditiona l H S R P D e b ug g ing ( L im iting O utp ut B a s e d on S ta ndb y G roup a nd/ or V L A N ) Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.0( 3) i n t r o d u c e d a d e b u g c o n d i t i o n t o a l l o w t h e o u t p u t f r o m t h e de b ug

C om m a nd P urp os e de b ug s ta ndb y En a b l e s HS R P d e b u g g i n g

P a g e 41 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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s ta ndb y c o m m a n d t o b e f i l t e r e d b a s e d o n i n t e r f a c e a n d g r o u p n u m b e r . T h e c o m m a n d u t i l i z e s t h e d e b u g c o n d i t i o n p a r a d i g m t h a t w a s i n t r o d u c e d i n Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.0.

T h e i n t e r f a c e m u s t b e a v a l i d i n t e r f a c e t h a t c a n s u p p o r t HS R P . T h e g r o u p c a n b e a n y g r o u p , f r o m 0 t h r o u g h 255. A d e b u g c o n d i t i o n c a n b e s e t f o r g r o u p s t h a t d o n o t e x i s t . T h i s a l l o w s d e b u g s t o b e c a p t u r e d d u r i n g t h e i n i t i a l i z a t i o n o f a n e w g r o u p . De b u g s t a n d b y m u s t b e e n a b l e d i n o r d e r t o p r o d u c e a n y d e b u g o u t p u t . If n o s t a n d b y d e b u g c o n d i t i o n s e x i s t , d e b u g o u t p u t i s p r o d u c e d f o r a l l g r o u p s o n a l l i n t e r f a c e s . If a t l e a s t o n e s t a n d b y d e b u g c o n d i t i o n e x i s t s , s t a n d b y d e b u g o u t p u t i s f i l t e r e d b a s e d o n a l l o f t h e s t a n d b y d e b u g c o n d i t i o n s . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

R o u ter _ 1# debug c ondition standby v l an 2 2 C ondition 1 set R o u ter _ 1# 4 d0 1 h : V l 2 SB 2 D ebug : C ondition 1 , standby V l 2 SB 2 trig g ered, c ount 1 R o u ter _ 1# debug standby H SR P debug g ing is on R o u ter _ 1# 4d 0 1h : S B 2 : V l an 2 H el l o in 10 . 2 . 1. 2 S tan d b y p r i 10 0 ip 10 . 2 . 1. 2 54 4d 0 1h : S B 2 : V l an 2 H el l o o u t 10 . 2 . 1. 1 A ctive p r i 10 0 ip 10 . 2 . 1. 2 54 4d 0 1h : S B 2 : V l an 2 H el l o o u t 10 . 2 . 1. 1 A ctive p r i 10 0 ip 10 . 2 . 1. 2 54 4d 0 1h : S B 2 : V l an 2 H el l o in 10 . 2 . 1. 2 S tan d b y p r i 10 0 ip 10 . 2 . 1. 2 54

3 . E nh a nce d H S R P D e b ug g ing Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 1) a d d e d e n h a n c e d HS R P d e b u g g i n g . In o r d e r t o h e l p f i n d u s e f u l i n f o r m a t i o n , e n h a n c e d HS R P d e b u g g i n g l i m i t s t h e n o i s e f r o m p e r i o d i c h e l l o m e s s a g e s a n d i n c l u d e s a d d i t i o n a l s t a t e i n f o r m a t i o n . T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p a r t i c u l a r l y u s e f u l w h e n y o u w o r k w i t h a Ci s c o T e c h n i c a l S u p p o r t e n g i n e e r i f y o u c r e a t e a s e r v i c e r e q u e s t .

He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t : R o u ter _ 2 # debug standby terse

C om m a nd P urp os e de b ug condition s ta ndb y i n t e rf a c e _ group

En a b l e s HS R P c o n d i t i o n a l d e b u g g i n g o f t h e g r o u p ( 0–255)

C om m a nd P urp os e

de b ug s ta ndb y Di s p l a y s a l l HS R P e r r o r s , e v e n t s , a n d p a c k e t s

de b ug s ta ndb y e rrors Di s p l a y s HS R P e r r o r s de b ug s ta ndb y e v e nts [ [ a l l ] | [ h s rp | re dunda ncy | tra ck ]] [ de ta il ]

Di s p l a y s HS R P e v e n t s

de b ug s ta ndb y p a ck e ts [ [ a l l | te rs e ] | [ a dv e rtis e | coup | h e l l o | re s ig n]] [ de ta il ]

Di s p l a y s HS R P p a c k e t s

P a g e 42 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H SR P : H SR P E rrors debug g ing is on H SR P E v ents debug g ing is on H SR P P ac kets debug g ing is on ( C oup, R esig n) R o u ter _ 2 # 0 0 : 39 : 50 : S B 2 : V l an 2 S tan d b y : c/ A ctive tim er ex p ir ed ( 10 . 2 . 1. 1) 0 0 : 39 : 50 : S B 2 : V l an 2 S tan d b y -> A ctive 0 0 : 39 : 50 : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 2 : V l an 2 state S tan d b y -> A ctive 0 0 : 40 : 30 : S B 2 : V l an 2 S tan d b y r o u ter is 10 . 2 . 1. 1 0 0 : 41: 12 : S B 2 : V l an 2 A ctive: d / S tan d b y tim er ex p ir ed ( 10 . 2 . 1. 1) 0 0 : 42 : 0 9 : S B 2 : V l an 2 C o u p in 10 . 2 . 1. 1 L isten p r i 2 0 0 ip 10 . 2 . 1. 2 54 0 0 : 42 : 0 9 : S B 2 : V l an 2 A ctive: j / C o u p r cvd f r o m h ig h er p r i r o u ter 0 0 : 42 : 0 9 : S B 2 : V l an 2 A ctive -> S p eak 0 0 : 42 : 0 9 : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 2 : V l an 2 state A ctive -> S p eak 0 0 : 42 : 0 9 : S B 2 : V l an 2 A ctive r o u ter is 10 . 2 . 1. 1 0 0 : 42 : 19 : S B 2 : V l an 2 S p eak : d / S tan d b y tim er ex p ir ed ( u n k n o w n ) 0 0 : 42 : 19 : S B 2 : V l an 2 S p eak -> S tan d b y 0 0 : 42 : 19 : % S T A N D B Y -6-S T A T E C H A N G E : S tan d b y : 2 : V l an 2 state S p eak -> S tan d b y

Y o u c a n u s e i n t e r f a c e a n d / o r HS R P g r o u p c o n d i t i o n a l d e b u g g i n g i n o r d e r t o f i l t e r t h i s d e b u g o u t p u t .

In t h i s e x a m p l e , t h e r o u t e r j o i n s a p r e e x i s t i n g HS R P g r o u p : S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 I n it: a/ H S R P en ab l ed S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 A ctive: b / H S R P d isab l ed ( in ter f ace d o w n ) S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 L isten : c/ A ctive tim er ex p ir ed ( u n k n o w n ) S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 A ctive: d / S tan d b y tim er ex p ir ed ( 10 . 0 . 0 . 3) S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 S p eak : f / H el l o r cvd f r o m h ig h er p r i S p eak r o u ter S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 A ctive: g / H el l o r cvd f r o m h ig h er p r i A ctive r o u ter S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 S p eak : h / H el l o r cvd f r o m l o w er p r i A ctive r o u ter S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 S tan d b y : i/ R esig n r cvd S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 A ctive: j / C o u p r cvd f r o m h ig h er p r i r o u ter S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 S tan d b y : k / H el l o r cvd f r o m h ig h er p r i S tan d b y r o u ter S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 S tan d b y : l / H el l o r cvd f r o m l o w er p r i S tan d b y r o u ter S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 A ctive: m / S tan d b y m ac ad d r ess ch an g ed S B 1: E th er n et0 / 2 A ctive: n / S tan d b y I P ad d r ess co n f ig u r ed

E . S p a nning T ree T ro ub l esh o o ting S T P l o o p c o n d i t i o n s o r i n s t a b i l i t y i n a n e t w o r k c a n p r e v e n t p r o p e r c o m m u n i c a t i o n o f HS R P p e e r s . Be c a u s e o f t h i s i m p r o p e r c o m m u n i c a t i o n , e a c h p e e r b e c o m e s a n a c t i v e r o u t e r . S T P l o o p s c a n c a u s e b r o a d c a s t s t o r m s , d u p l i c a t e d f r a m e s , a n d M AC t a b l e i n c o n s i s t e n c y . Al l o f t h e s e p r o b l e m s a f f e c t t h e e n t i r e n e t w o r k , a n d e s p e c i a l l y HS R P . HS R P e r r o r m e s s a g e s c a n b e t h e f i r s t i n d i c a t i o n o f a n S T P i s s u e . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t S T P , y o u must u n d e r s t a n d t h e S T P t o p o l o g y o f t h e n e t w o r k o n e a c h V L AN . Y o u m u s t d e t e r m i n e w h a t s w i t c h i s t h e r o o t b r i d g e a n d w h i c h p o r t s o n t h e s w i t c h a r e o n b l o c k i n g a n d

C om m a nd P urp os e de b ug condition inte rf a ce i n t e rf a c e

En a b l e s i n t e r f a c e c o n d i t i o n a l d e b u g g i n g

de b ug condition s ta ndb y i n t e rf a c e _ group

En a b l e s HS R P c o n d i t i o n a l d e b u g g i n g

P a g e 43 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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f o r w a r d i n g . Be c a u s e e a c h V L AN h a s i t s o w n S T P t o p o l o g y , t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s v e r y i m p o r t a n t o n e a c h V L AN . 1 . V e rif y S p a nning T re e C onf ig ura tion Be s u r e t h a t S T P i s c o n f i g u r e d o n e v e r y s w i t c h a n d b r i d g i n g d e v i c e i n t h e n e t w o r k . T a k e n o t e o f w h e r e e a c h s w i t c h b e l i e v e s t h e r o o t b r i d g e i s l o c a t e d . Al s o , n o t e t h e v a l u e s o f t h e s e t i m e r s :

� R o o t M ax A g e � H el l o T im e � F o r w ar d D el ay

Is s u e t h e s h ow s p a ntre e c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o s e e a l l o f t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n . By d e f a u l t , t h e c o m m a n d s h o w s t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n f o r V L AN 1. Bu t , y o u c a n a l s o s e e o t h e r V L AN i n f o r m a t i o n i f y o u s u p p l y t h e V L AN n u m b e r w i t h t h e c o m m a n d . T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s v e r y u s e f u l w h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t S T P i s s u e s . T h e s e t h r e e t i m e r s t h a t y o u n o t e i n t h e s h ow s p a ntre e o u t p u t a r e l e a r n e d f r o m t h e r o o t b r i d g e . T h e s e t i m e r s d o n o t n e e d t o m a t c h t h e t i m e r s t h a t a r e s e t o n t h a t s p e c i f i c b r i d g e . Bu t , b e s u r e t h a t t h e t i m e r s m a t c h t h e r o o t b r i d g e i n t h e c a s e t h a t t h i s s w i t c h b e c o m e s t h e r o o t b r i d g e a t a n y p o i n t . T h i s m a t c h o f t h e t i m e r s t o t h e r o o t b r i d g e h e l p s m a i n t a i n c o n t i n u i t y a n d e a s e o f a d m i n i s t r a t i o n . T h e m a t c h a l s o p r e v e n t s a s w i t c h w i t h i n c o r r e c t t i m e r s f r o m c r i p p l i n g t h e n e t w o r k . N ote : En a b l e S T P f o r a l l V L AN s a t a l l t i m e s , r e g a r d l e s s o f w h e t h e r t h e r e a r e r e d u n d a n t l i n k s i n t h e n e t w o r k . If y o u e n a b l e S T P i n n o n r e d u n d a n t n e t w o r k s , y o u p r e v e n t a b r e a k a g e . A b r e a k a g e c a n o c c u r i f s o m e o n e b r i d g e s s w i t c h e s t o g e t h e r w i t h h u b s o r o t h e r s w i t c h e s a n d a c c i d e n t a l l y c r e a t e s a p h y s i c a l l o o p . S T P i s a l s o v e r y u s e f u l i n t h e i s o l a t i o n o f s p e c i f i c p r o b l e m s . If t h e e n a b l e m e n t o f S T P a f f e c t s t h e o p e r a t i o n o f s o m e t h i n g i n t h e n e t w o r k , t h e r e c a n b e a n e x i s t i n g p r o b l e m t h a t y o u n e e d t o i s o l a t e . He r e i s s a m p l e o u t p u t o f t h e s h ow s p a ntre e c o m m a n d :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree V L A N 1 Spanning tree enabl ed S p an n in g tr ee ty p e ieee D esig nated R oot 0 0 -0 1 -6 4 -3 4 -9 0 -0 0 D esig nated R oot P riority 9 8 D esig nated R oot C ost 0 D esig nated R oot P ort 1 / 0 R oot M ax A g e 20 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F orward D el ay 1 5 sec B r id g e I D M A C A D D R 0 0 -0 1-64-34-9 0 -0 0 B r id g e I D P r io r ity 9 8 B r id g e M ax A g e 2 0 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F o r w ar d D el ay 15 sec P o r t V l an P o r t-S tate C o st P r io r ity P o r tf ast C h an n el _ id ------------------------ ---- ------------- ----- -------- ---------- ----------1/ 1 1 n o t-co n n ected 4 32 d isab l ed 0 1/ 2 1 n o t-co n n ected 4 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 1 1 f o r w ar d in g 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 2 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0

P a g e 44 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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2 / 3 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 4 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 5-6 1 f o r w ar d in g 12 32 d isab l ed 8 0 3 2 / 10 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 11 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 12 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 15/ 1 1 f o r w ar d in g 5 32 d isab l ed 0 S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree 2 V L A N 2 Spanning tree enabl ed S p an n in g tr ee ty p e ieee D esig nated R oot 0 0 -3 0 -9 6 -7 3 -7 4 -0 1 D esig nated R oot P riority 8 1 9 2 D esig nated R oot C ost 1 2 D esig nated R oot P ort 2/ 5-6 ( ag P ort 1 3 / 3 5) R oot M ax A g e 20 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F orward D el ay 1 5 sec B r id g e I D M A C A D D R 0 0 -0 1-64-34-9 0 -0 1 B r id g e I D P r io r ity 1638 4 B r id g e M ax A g e 2 0 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F o r w ar d D el ay 15 sec P o r t V l an P o r t-S tate C o st P r io r ity P o r tf ast C h an n el _ id ------------------------ ---- ------------- ----- -------- ---------- ----------2 / 5-6 2 f o r w ar d in g 12 32 d isab l ed 8 0 3 2 / 7 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 8 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 15/ 1 2 f o r w ar d in g 5 32 d isab l ed 0

S w i t c h 1 i s t h e r o o t o f V L AN 1 a n d b e l i e v e s t h a t S w i t c h 2 i s t h e r o o t o f V L AN 2. S w i t c h 2 c o n c u r s . S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree V L A N 1 S p an n in g tr ee en ab l ed S p an n in g tr ee ty p e ieee D esig nated R oot 0 0 -0 1 -6 4 -3 4 -9 0 -0 0 D esig nated R oot P riority 9 8 D esig nated R oot C ost 1 2 D esig nated R oot P ort 2/ 9 -1 0 ( ag P ort 1 3 / 3 7 ) R oot M ax A g e 20 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F orward D el ay 1 5 sec B r id g e I D M A C A D D R 0 0 -30 -9 6-7 3-7 4-0 0 B r id g e I D P r io r ity 1638 4 B r id g e M ax A g e 2 0 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F o r w ar d D el ay 15 sec P o r t V l an P o r t-S tate C o st P r io r ity P o r tf ast C h an n el _ id ------------------------ ---- ------------- ----- -------- ---------- ----------1/ 1 1 n o t-co n n ected 4 32 d isab l ed 0 1/ 2 1 n o t-co n n ected 4 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 6 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 7 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 8 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 -10 1 f o r w ar d in g 12 32 d isab l ed 8 0 5 2 / 11 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 12 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 15/ 1 1 f o r w ar d in g 5 32 d isab l ed 0

P a g e 45 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree 2 V L A N 2 Spanning tree enabl ed S p an n in g tr ee ty p e ieee D esig nated R oot 0 0 -3 0 -9 6 -7 3 -7 4 -0 1 D esig nated R oot P riority 8 1 9 2 D esig nated R oot C ost 0 D esig nated R oot P ort 1 / 0 R oot M ax A g e 20 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F orward D el ay 1 5 sec B r id g e I D M A C A D D R 0 0 -30 -9 6-7 3-7 4-0 1 B r id g e I D P r io r ity 8 19 2 B r id g e M ax A g e 2 0 sec H el l o T im e 2 sec F o r w ar d D el ay 15 sec P o r t V l an P o r t-S tate C o st P r io r ity P o r tf ast C h an n el _ id ------------------------ ---- ------------- ----- -------- ---------- ----------2 / 1 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 2 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 3 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 4 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 5 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 -10 2 f o r w ar d in g 12 32 d isab l ed 8 0 5 15/ 1 2 f o r w ar d in g 5 32 d isab l ed 0

2 . S p a nning T re e L oop C onditions In o r d e r f o r a n S T P l o o p t o o c c u r , t h e r e m u s t b e L 2 p h y s i c a l r e d u n d a n c y i n t h e n e t w o r k . An S T P d o e s n o t o c c u r i f t h e r e i s n o p o s s i b i l i t y o f a p h y s i c a l l o o p c o n d i t i o n . S y m p t o m s o f a n S T P l o o p c o n d i t i o n a r e :

� T o t a l n e t w o r k o u t a g e � L o s s o f c o n n e c t i v i t y � T h e r e p o r t b y n e t w o r k e q u i p m e n t o f h i g h p r o c e s s a n d s y s t e m u t i l i z a t i o n

T h e s h ow s y s te m c o m m a n d h e l p s y o u d e t e r m i n e t h e s y s t e m u t i l i z a t i o n o f a p a r t i c u l a r s w i t c h . T h e s h ow s y s te m c o m m a n d d e n o t e s t h e s e i t e m s :

� Cu r r e n t t r a f f i c p e r c e n t a g e � P e a k t r a f f i c p e r c e n t a g e � Da t e a n d t i m e o f t h e l a s t p e a k

S y s t e m u t i l i z a t i o n t h a t i s a b o v e 20 p e r c e n t u s u a l l y i n d i c a t e s a l o o p . U t i l i z a t i o n a b o v e s e v e n p e r c e n t i n d i c a t e s a p o s s i b l e l o o p . Bu t , t h e s e p e r c e n t a g e s a r e o n l y a p p r o x i m a t i o n s . T h e a p p r o x i m a t i o n s v a r y s o m e w h a t w i t h d i f f e r e n t h a r d w a r e , s u c h a s S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e I v e r s u s S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e IIIG o r Ca t a l y s t 4000 v e r s u s Ca t a l y s t 6000. He r e i s s a m p l e o u t p u t o f t h e s h ow s y s te m c o m m a n d :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow system

P a g e 46 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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P S 1-S tatu s P S 2 -S tatu s F an -S tatu s T em p -A l ar m S y s-S tatu s U p tim e d , h : m : s L o g o u t ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------o k n o n e o k o f f o k 5, 0 0 : 58 : 16 2 0 m in P S 1-T y p e P S 2 -T y p e M o d em B au d T r af f ic P eak P eak -T im e ------------ ------------ ------- ----- ------- ---- ------------------------- W S -C 50 0 8 B n o n e d isab l e 9 60 0 0 % 7 0 % T ue J an 9 20 0 1 , 1 6 : 50 : 52 System N am e System L oc ation System C ontac t ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ S w itch _ 1

T h i s o u t p u t s h o w s t h e s e i t e m s : � T h e c u r r e n t t r a f f i c p e r c e n t a g e , 0 % � T h e p e a k t r a f f i c p e r c e n t a g e , 7 0 % � T h e d a t e a n d t i m e o f t h e l a s t p e a k

T h e s y s t e m u t i l i z a t i o n o f 70 p e r c e n t i n d i c a t e s a p o s s i b l e l o o p a t t h e t i m e t h a t t h e s h ow s y s te m c o m m a n d o u t p u t s h o w s . A s i n g l e V L AN t h a t e x p e r i e n c e s a n S T P l o o p c o n d i t i o n c a n c o n g e s t a l i n k a n d s t a r v e t h e o t h e r V L AN s o f b a n d w i d t h . T h e s h ow m a c c o m m a n d n o t e s w h i c h p o r t s t r a n s m i t o r r e c e i v e a n e x c e s s i v e n u m b e r o f p a c k e t s . Ex c e s s i v e b r o a d c a s t a n d m u l t i c a s t c a n i n d i c a t e p o r t s t h a t a r e p a r t o f a n S T P l o o p . T h i s e x a m p l e o u t p u t o f t h e s h ow m a c c o m m a n d s h o w s a h i g h n u m b e r o f m u l t i c a s t a n d b r o a d c a s t p a c k e t s o n p o r t 2/ 11. In v e s t i g a t e t h i s p o r t . As a g e n e r a l r u l e , s u s p e c t a l i n k o f a n S T P l o o p c o n d i t i o n a n y t i m e t h a t m u l t i c a s t o r b r o a d c a s t e x c e e d s t h e n u m b e r o f u n i c a s t p a c k e t s . N ote : T h e s w i t c h a l s o c o u n t s S T P b r i d g e p r o t o c o l d a t a u n i t s ( BP DU s ) t h a t a r e r e c e i v e d a n d t r a n s m i t t e d a s m u l t i c a s t f r a m e s . A p o r t t h a t i s i n t h e S T P b l o c k i n g s t a t e s t i l l t r a n s m i t s a n d r e c e i v e s S T P BP DU s .

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow m ac P o r t R cv-U n icast R cv-M u l ticast R cv-B r o ad cast -------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- 1/ 1 0 0 0 1/ 2 0 0 0 2 / 1 5512 7 7 2 9 69 0 2 10 2 5640 2 / 2 0 0 0 2 / 3 0 0 0 2 / 4 0 0 0 2/ 5 0 6 9 54 1 0 2/ 6 0 4 4 0 26 0 2 / 7 0 0 0 2 / 8 0 0 0 2 / 9 0 0 0 2 / 10 0 0 0 2/ 1 1 1 28 3 6 59 1 1 9 8 6 1 1 26 0 1 8 2/ 1 2 6 9 9 3 1 4 4 1 7 7 7 9 54 1 4 1 9 0 6 3 6 4 5 P o r t X m it-U n icast X m it-M u l ticast X m it-B r o ad cast -------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- 1/ 1 0 0 0 1/ 2 0 0 0 2 / 1 32 612 2 11518 9 5 43112 5 2 / 2 0 0 0

P a g e 47 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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2 / 3 0 0 0 2 / 4 0 0 0 2/ 5 0 1 57 4 1 4 0 2/ 6 1 0 6 528 21 1 2 / 7 0 0 0 2 / 8 0 0 0 2 / 9 0 0 0 2 / 10 0 0 0 2/ 1 1 20 9 6 9 1 6 2 1 27 25551 4 56 0 0 21 3 9 2/ 1 2 1 3 59 8 7 3 7 8 24 4 3 1 6 6 P o r t R cv-O ctet X m it-O ctet -------- -------------------- -------------------- 1/ 1 0 0 1/ 2 0 0 2/ 1 54 4 9 0 4 4 9 0 29 57 21 7 1 2 2 / 2 0 0 2 / 3 0 0 2 / 4 0 0 2/ 5 6 9 9 7 3 1 9 1 58 6 0 8 1 6 2/ 6 4 7 8 7 57 0 1 8 50 54 8 9 1 2 / 7 0 0 2 / 8 0 0 2 / 9 0 0 2 / 10 0 0 2/ 1 1 56 0 7 53 23 7 8 0 58 58 9 6 4 9 2/ 1 2 6 8 229 6 4 27 3 8 1 58 1 0 8 0 3 M A C D el y -E x ced M T U -E x ced I n -D iscar d L r n -D iscr d I n -L o st O u t-L o st -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 1/ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1/ 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2/ 1 0 0 7 1 8 9 20 0 0 0 2 / 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 / 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 / 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2/ 5 0 - 3 0 1 0 2/ 6 0 - 0 0 0 0 2 / 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 / 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 / 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 / 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 2/ 1 1 0 0 6 7 0 0 0 2/ 1 2 0 0 8 6 9 0 3 0

Is s u e t h e s e s s ion c o m m a n d i n o r d e r t o s e e t h e AT M a n d r o u t e r c o u n t e r s . L ast-T im e-C l ear ed -------------------------- F r i J an 5 2 0 0 1, 13: 30 : 45

3 . T op l og y C h a ng e N otif ica tion An o t h e r c o m m a n d t h a t i s v i t a l t o t h e d i a g n o s i s o f S T P i s s u e s i s t h e s h ow s p a ntre e s ta tis tics c o m m a n d . T h i s c o m m a n d t r a c k s T o p o l o g y Ch a n g e N o t i f i c a t i o n ( T CN ) m e s s a g e s b a c k t o t h e o r i g i n a t o r . T h e s e m e s s a g e s , s e n t a s s p e c i a l BP DU s b e t w e e n s w i t c h e s , i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e r e h a s b e e n a t o p o l o g y c h a n g e o n a s w i t c h . T h a t s w i t c h s e n d s a T CN o u t i t s r o o t p o r t . T h e T CN m o v e s u p s t r e a m t o t h e r o o t b r i d g e . T h e r o o t

P a g e 48 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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b r i d g e t h e n s e n d s a n o t h e r s p e c i a l BP DU , a T o p o l o g y Ch a n g e Ac k n o w l e d g e m e n t ( T CA), o u t a l l o f i t s p o r t s . T h e r o o t b r i d g e s e t s t h e T CN b i t i n t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n BP DU . T h i s c a u s e s a l l n o n r o o t b r i d g e s t o s e t t h e i r M AC a d d r e s s t a b l e a g i n g t i m e r t o t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n S T P f o r w a r d d e l a y . In o r d e r t o i s o l a t e t h i s p r o b l e m , a c c e s s t h e r o o t b r i d g e f o r e a c h V L AN a n d i s s u e t h e s h ow s p a ntre e s ta tis tics c o m m a n d f o r t h e s w i t c h -c o n n e c t e d p o r t s . T h e l ast to p o l o g y ch an g e o ccu r r ed e n t r y g i v e s t h e t i m e t h a t t h e l a s t T CN w a s r e c e i v e d . In t h i s s i t u a t i o n , y o u a r e t o o l a t e t o s e e w h o i s s u e d t h e T CN s t h a t c a n h a v e c a u s e d t h e p o s s i b l e S T P l o o p . T h e to p o l o g y ch an g e co u n t e n t r y g i v e s y o u a n i d e a a b o u t t h e n u m b e r o f T CN s t h a t o c c u r . Du r i n g a n S T P l o o p , t h i s c o u n t e r c a n i n c r e m e n t e v e r y m i n u t e . R e f e r t o S p a n n i n g T r e e P r o t o c o l P r o b l e m s a n d R e l a t e d De s i g n Co n s i d e r a t i o n s f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n . T h i s d o c u m e n t c o n t a i n s m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n h o w t o i n t e r p r e t t h e s h ow s p a ntre e s ta tis tics c o m m a n d . O t h e r u s e f u l i n f o r m a t i o n i n c l u d e s :

� P o r t o f t h e l a s t T CN � T i m e o f l a s t T CN � Cu r r e n t c o u n t o f T CN s

He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t : S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree statistic s 2/ 5 1 P o r t 2 / 5 V L A N 1 S p an n in g T r ee en ab l ed f o r vl an N o = 1 B P D U -r el ated p ar am eter s p o r t sp an n in g tr ee en ab l ed state f o r w ar d in g p o r t_ id 0 x 8 32 3 p o r t n u m b er 0 x 32 3 p ath co st 12 m essag e ag e ( p o r t/ V L A N ) 2 0 ( 2 0 ) d esig n ated _ r o o t 0 0 -0 1-64-34-9 0 -0 0 d esig n ated _ co st 0 d esig n ated _ b r id g e 0 0 -0 1-64-34-9 0 -0 0 d esig n ated _ p o r t 0 x 8 32 3 to p _ ch an g e_ ack F A L S E co n f ig _ p en d in g F A L S E p o r t_ in co n sisten cy n o n e P O R T b ased in f o r m atio n & statistics co n f ig b p d u ' s x m itted ( p o r t/ V L A N ) 2 9 660 ( 357 0 2 7 ) co n f ig b p d u ' s r eceived ( p o r t/ V L A N ) 2 ( 2 157 2 1) tcn b p d u ' s x m itted ( p o r t/ V L A N ) 0 ( 52 1) tcn b p d u ' s r eceived ( p o r t/ V L A N ) 2 ( 2 0 3) f o r w ar d tr an s co u n t 1 scp f ail u r e co u n t 0 S tatu s o f P o r t T im er s f o r w ar d d el ay tim er I N A C T I V E f o r w ar d d el ay tim er val u e 15 m essag e ag e tim er I N A C T I V E m essag e ag e tim er val u e 0 to p o l o g y ch an g e tim er I N A C T I V E to p o l o g y ch an g e tim er val u e 35 h o l d tim er I N A C T I V E h o l d tim er val u e 1 d el ay r o o t p o r t tim er I N A C T I V E d el ay r o o t p o r t tim er val u e 0

P a g e 49 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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V L A N b ased in f o r m atio n & statistics sp an n in g tr ee ty p e ieee sp an n in g tr ee m u l ticast ad d r ess 0 1-8 0 -c2 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 b r id g e p r io r ity 9 8 b r id g e m ac ad d r ess 0 0 -0 1-64-34-9 0 -0 0 b r id g e h el l o tim e 2 sec b r id g e f o r w ar d d el ay 15( 15) sec topol og y c h ang e initiator: 2/ 2 l ast topol og y c h ang e oc c urred: W ed J an 1 0 20 0 1 , 1 8 : 1 6 : 0 2 to p o l o g y ch an g e F A L S E to p o l o g y ch an g e tim e 35 to p o l o g y ch an g e d etected F A L S E topol og y c h ang e c ount 8 0 topol og y c h ang e l ast rec v d. f rom 0 0 -1 0 -7 b-0 8 -f b-9 4 O th er p o r t-sp ecif ic in f o d y n am ic m ax ag e tr an sitio n s 0 p o r t b p d u o k co u n t 0 m sg ag e ex p ir y co u n t 0 l in k l o ad in g 1 b p d u in p r o cessin g F A L S E n u m o f sim il ar b p d u s to p r o cess 1 r eceived _ in f er io r _ b p d u F A L S E n ex t state 3 sr c m ac co u n t: 0 to tal sr c m ac co u n t 0 cu r r _ sr c_ m ac 0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 n ex t_ sr c_ m ac 0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 ch an n el _ sr c_ m ac 0 0 -10 -7 b -0 8 -e1-7 4 ch an n el sr c co u n t 0 ch an n el o k co u n t 0

T h i s o u t p u t s h o w s t h a t t h e l a s t t o p o l o g y c h a n g e o c c u r r e d f r o m d e v i c e 00-10-7b -08-f b -94 o f f p o r t 2/ 2. N e x t , i s s u e t h e s a m e s h ow s p a ntre e s ta tis tics c o m m a n d f r o m t h e 00-10-7b -08-f b -94 d e v i c e . He r e i s a n e x c e r p t o f t h e s h ow s p a ntre e s ta tis tics o u t p u t f r o m t h e a d j o i n i n g d e v i c e :

V L A N b ased in f o r m atio n & statistics sp an n in g tr ee ty p e ieee sp an n in g tr ee m u l ticast ad d r ess 0 1-8 0 -c2 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 b r id g e p r io r ity 9 8 b r id g e m ac ad d r ess 0 0 -10 -7 b -0 8 -f b -9 4 b r id g e h el l o tim e 2 sec b r id g e f o r w ar d d el ay 15( 15) sec topol og y c h ang e initiator: 5/ 2 l ast topol og y c h ang e oc c urred: W ed J an 1 0 20 0 1 , 1 8 : 1 6 : 0 2 to p o l o g y ch an g e F A L S E to p o l o g y ch an g e tim e 35 to p o l o g y ch an g e d etected F A L S E topol og y c h ang e c ount 8 0 topol og y c h ang e l ast rec v d. f rom 0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0 -0 0

T h e o u t p u t n o t e s t h e M AC a d d r e s s w i t h a l l z e r o e s , w h i c h m e a n s t h a t t h i s s w i t c h i s t h e t o p o l o g y c h a n g e i n i t i a t o r . P o r t 5/ 2 i s t h e p o r t t h a t t r a n s i t i o n e d s t a t e s , w h i c h i s m o s t l i k e l y b e c a u s e t h e p o r t g o e s u p a n d d o w n . If t h i s p o r t i s a t t a c h e d t o a P C o r a s i n g l e h o s t , b e s u r e t h a t S T P P o r t Fa s t i s e n a b l e d o n t h i s p o r t . S T P P o r t Fa s t s u p p r e s s e s S T P T CN s w h e n a p o r t t r a n s i t i o n s s t a t e s . R e f e r t o t h e s e d o c u m e n t s f o r i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t S T P a n d h o w t o t r o u b l e s h o o t l i n k t r a n s i t i o n s t h a t a r e a s s o c i a t e d w i t h n e t w o r k i n t e r f a c e c a r d s ( N ICs ):

P a g e 50 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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� T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g Ci s c o Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h e s t o N IC Co m p a t i b i l i t y Is s u e s � U s i n g P o r t Fa s t a n d O t h e r Co m m a n d s t o Fi x W o r k s t a t i o n S t a r t u p Co n n e c t i v i t y De l a y s � Co n f i g u r i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g Et h e r n e t 10/ 100/ 1000M b Ha l f / Fu l l Du p l e x Au t o -N e g o t i a t i o n � U n d e r s t a n d i n g S p a n n i n g -T r e e P r o t o c o l T o p o l o g y Ch a n g e s � S p a n n i n g T r e e P r o t o c o l P r o b l e m s a n d R e l a t e d De s i g n Co n s i d e r a t i o n s

4 . D is conne cte d B l ock e d P orts Be c a u s e o f t h e l o a d -b a l a n c i n g n a t u r e o f Fa s t Et h e r Ch a n n e l ( FEC) ( p o r t -c h a n n e l i n g ), FEC i s s u e s c a n c o n t r i b u t e t o b o t h HS R P a n d S T P p r o b l e m s . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t S T P o r HS R P , r e m o v e t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n f o r a n y FEC c o n n e c t i o n s . Af t e r t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n c h a n g e s a r e i n p l a c e , i s s u e t h e s h ow s p a ntre e b l ock e dp orts c o m m a n d o n b o t h s w i t c h e s . En s u r e t h a t a t l e a s t o n e o f t h e p o r t s s t a r t s b l o c k i n g o n e i t h e r s i d e o f t h e c o n n e c t i o n . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree bl oc kedports T = tr u n k g = g r o u p P o r ts V l an s ----- ---------- 2/ 6 ( T ) 2 N u m b er o f b l o ck ed p o r ts ( seg m en ts) in th e sy stem : 1 S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree bl oc kedports T = tr u n k g = g r o u p P o r ts V l an s ----- ---------- 2/ 1 0 ( T ) 1 N u m b er o f b l o ck ed p o r ts ( seg m en ts) in th e sy stem : 1

R e f e r t o t h e s e d o c u m e n t s f o r i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t Fa s t Et h e r Ch a n n e l : � U n d e r s t a n d i n g Et h e r Ch a n n e l L o a d Ba l a n c i n g a n d R e d u n d a n c y o n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h e s � Co n f i g u r e Et h e r Ch a n n e l Be t w e e n Ca t a l y s t 4500/ 4000, 5500/ 5000, a n d 6500/ 6000 S w i t c h e s T h a t R u n Ca t O S S y s t e m S o f t w a r e

5 . B roa dca s t S up p re s s ion En a b l e b r o a d c a s t s u p p r e s s i o n i n o r d e r t o h e l p c u t d o w n t h e i m p a c t f r o m a b r o a d c a s t s t o r m . A b r o a d c a s t s t o r m i s o n e o f t h e m a i n s i d e e f f e c t s o f a n S T P l o o p . R e f e r t o Co n f i g u r i n g Br o a d c a s t S u p p r e s s i o n f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) set port broadc ast 2/ 5 ? P ack ets p er seco n d P er cen tag e S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) set port broadc ast 2/ 5 1 0 % P ort( s) 2/ 1 -1 2 broadc ast traf f ic l im ited to 1 0 % . S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow port broadc ast 2/ 5

P a g e 51 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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P o r t B r o ad cast-L im it B r o ad cast-D r o p -------- --------------- -------------- 2/ 5 1 0 % -

6 . C ons ol e a nd T e l ne t A cce s s Co n s o l e o r T e l n e t t r a f f i c t o t h e s w i t c h o f t e n b e c o m e s t o o s l u g g i s h t o p r o p e r l y t r a c k d o w n a n o f f e n d i n g d e v i c e d u r i n g a n S T P l o o p . In o r d e r t o f o r c e t h e n e t w o r k t o r e c o v e r i n s t a n t l y , r e m o v e a l l r e d u n d a n t p h y s i c a l l i n k s . Af t e r S T P i s a l l o w e d t o r e c o n v e r g e o n t h e n e w n o n r e d u n d a n t t o p o l o g y , r e a t t a c h o n e r e d u n d a n t l i n k a t a t i m e . If t h e S T P l o o p r e t u r n s a f t e r y o u a d d o n e p a r t i c u l a r s e g m e n t , y o u h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h e o f f e n d i n g d e v i c e s . 7 . S p a nning T re e F e a ture s : P ortf a s t, U p l ink F a s t, a nd B a ck b one F a s t V e r i f y t h a t P o r t Fa s t , U p l i n k Fa s t , a n d Ba c k b o n e Fa s t a r e c o n f i g u r e d p r o p e r l y . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t S T P i s s u e s , d i s a b l e a l l a d v a n c e d S T P ( U p l i n k Fa s t a n d Ba c k b o n e Fa s t ). In a d d i t i o n , v e r i f y t h a t S T P P o r t Fa s t i s o n l y e n a b l e d o n p o r t s t h a t a r e d i r e c t l y c o n n e c t e d t o n o n b r i d g i n g h o s t s . N o n b r i d g i n g h o s t s i n c l u d e u s e r w o r k s t a t i o n s a n d r o u t e r s w i t h o u t b r i d g e g r o u p s . Do n o t e n a b l e P o r t Fa s t o n p o r t s t h a t a r e c o n n e c t e d t o h u b s o r o t h e r s w i t c h e s . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

S w itch _ 2 > ( en ab l e) sh ow port spantree P o r t( s) V l an P o r t-S tate C o st P r io r ity P o r tf ast C h an n el _ id ------------------------ ---- ------------- ----- -------- ---------- ----------1/ 1 1 n o t-co n n ected 4 32 d isab l ed 0 1/ 2 1 n o t-co n n ected 4 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 1 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 2 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 3 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 4 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 5 2 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 6 1 f o r w ar d in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 7 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 8 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 1 b l o ck in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 2 f o r w ar d in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 3 f o r w ar d in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 10 0 3 n o t-co n n ected 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 9 10 0 5 n o t-co n n ected 19 4 d isab l ed 0 2 / 10 1 b l o ck in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 10 2 f o r w ar d in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 10 3 b l o ck in g 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 10 10 0 3 n o t-co n n ected 19 32 d isab l ed 0 2 / 10 10 0 5 n o t-co n n ected 19 4 d isab l ed 0 2/ 1 1 2 f orwarding 1 0 0 3 2 enabl ed 0 2 / 12 1 n o t-co n n ected 10 0 32 d isab l ed 0 15/ 1 1 f o r w ar d in g 5 32 d isab l ed 0 15/ 1 2 f o r w ar d in g 5 32 d isab l ed 0

O n l y e n a b l e U p l i n k Fa s t o n l e a f -n o d e s w i t c h e s . L e a f -n o d e s w i t c h e s a r e c l o s e t s w i t c h e s t o w h i c h u s e r s d i r e c t l y c o n n e c t . U p l i n k Fa s t i s a n S T P o p t i m i z a t i o n t h a t i s m e a n t o n l y f o r u p l i n k p o r t s t o t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n o r c o r e l a y e r o f t h e n e t w o r k . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) set spantree upl inkf ast enabl e V L A N s 1-10 0 5 b r id g e p r io r ity set to 49 152 . T h e p o r t co st an d p o r tvl an co st o f al l p o r ts set to ab o ve 30 0 0 .

P a g e 52 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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S tatio n u p d ate r ate set to 15 p ack ets/ 10 0 m s. u p l in k f ast al l -p r o to co l s f iel d set to o f f . u p l in k f ast en ab l ed f o r b r id g e. S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree upl inkf ast S tatio n u p d ate r ate set to 15 p ack ets/ 10 0 m s. u p l in k f ast al l -p r o to co l s f iel d set to o f f . V L A N p o r t l ist ----------------------------------------------- 1 2/ 2( f wd) , 2/ 5-6 2 2/ 5( f wd) , 2/ 6

Co n f i g u r e Ba c k b o n e Fa s t o n a l l s w i t c h e s i n t h e n e t w o r k . Ba c k b o n e Fa s t i s a n S T P o p t i m i z a t i o n t h a t a l t e r s t h e M ax A g e t i m e r a t t h e r e c e i p t o f a n i n f e r i o r BP DU t h a t t h e d e s i g n a t e d b r i d g e s e n d s . He r e i s s a m p l e c o m m a n d o u t p u t :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) set spantree bac kbonef ast enabl e B ack b o n ef ast en ab l ed f o r al l V L A N s S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) sh ow spantree bac kbonef ast B ac kbonef ast is enabl ed.

R e f e r t o Co n f i g u r i n g S p a n n i n g T r e e P o r t Fa s t , U p l i n k Fa s t , Ba c k b o n e Fa s t , a n d L o o p Gu a r d f o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e s e Ca t O S f e a t u r e s . 8 . B P D U G ua rd W h e n y o u e n a b l e P o r t Fa s t BP DU g u a r d , a n o n t r u n k i n g , P o r t Fa s t -e n a b l e d p o r t i s m o v e d i n t o a n e r r d i s a b l e s t a t e a t t h e r e c e i p t o f a BP DU o n t h a t p o r t . T h i s f e a t u r e h e l p s y o u f i n d p o r t s t h a t a r e i n c o r r e c t l y c o n f i g u r e d f o r P o r t Fa s t . T h e f e a t u r e a l s o d e t e c t s w h e r e d e v i c e s m a y r e f l e c t p a c k e t s o r i n t e r j e c t S T P BP DU s i n t o t h e n e t w o r k . W h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t S T P i s s u e s , e n a b l e t h i s f e a t u r e o n a l l p o r t s . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e o n Ca t O S :

S w itch _ 1> ( en ab l e) set spantree portf ast bpdu-q uard enabl e S p an tr ee P o r tF ast b p d u -g u ar d en ab l ed o n th is sw itch .

9 . V T P P runing W h e n V T P P r u n i n g i s e n a b l e d i n t h e n e t w o r k , i t c a n c a u s e t h e d e v i c e s o f a n HS R P g r o u p t o g o a c t i v e . T h i s r e s u l t s i n IP c o n f l i c t s a m o n g t h e g a t e w a y s a n d c a u s e t r a f f i c i s s u e s . M a k e s u r e t h e V L AN o f a n y HS R P g r o u p i s n o t p r u n e d b y V T P i n t h e n e t w o r k .

F . C G M P L ea v e P ro c essing a nd H S RP I ntero p era b il ity HS R P c o m m u n i c a t e s t o t h e d e s t i n a t i o n M AC a d d r e s s o f 01-00-5e -00-00-02, w h i c h i s t h e s a m e d e s t i n a t i o n M AC a d d r e s s t h a t IGM P f a s t -l e a v e p r o c e s s i n g u s e s . IGM P f a s t -l e a v e p r o c e s s i n g i s a n IGM P V e r s i o n 2 f e a t u r e . W i t h CGM P l e a v e p r o c e s s i n g e n a b l e d o n Ci s c o s w i t c h e s , a l l m u l t i c a s t t r a f f i c w i t h t h e d e s t i n a t i o n M AC a d d r e s s o f 01-00-5e -00-00-02 i s f o r w a r d e d t o t h e s w i t c h CP U . If t h e p a c k e t i s n o t a n IGM P m e s s a g e , t h e s w i t c h CP U r e g e n e r a t e s t h e p a c k e t a n d s e n d s t h e p a c k e t t o a l l r o u t e r p o r t s . Be c a u s e HS R P u s e s t h e s a m e d e s t i n a t i o n m u l t i c a s t a d d r e s s , a l l HS R P p a c k e t s m u s t f i r s t b e s e n t t o t h e s w i t c h CP U , w h i c h t h e n r e g e n e r a t e s a n d s e n d s t h e p a c k e t s t o a l l r o u t e r p o r t s . T h e r e f o r e , w h e n y o u t r o u b l e s h o o t HS R P p r o b l e m s , d i s a b l e CGM P l e a v e p r o c e s s i n g b e t w e e n HS R P p e e r s .

P a g e 53 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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N ote : T h e u s e o f IGM P s n o o p i n g o n t h e Ca t a l y s t 6500 a n d 5500 w i t h N e t Fl o w Fe a t u r e Ca r d ( N FFC) II d o e s n o t h a v e t h i s i s s u e . In o r d e r t o d e t e r m i n e i f CGM P l e a v e p r o c e s s i n g i s e n a b l e d o n Ca t O S s w i t c h e s , i s s u e t h e s h ow cg m p l e a v e c o m m a n d . He r e i s a n e x a m p l e :

S w itch > ( en ab l e) sh ow c g m p l eav e C G M P : d isab l ed C G M P l eav e: disabl ed F o r C atal y st 2 9 0 0 X L / 350 0 X L sw itch es, issu e th e sh o w cg m p state co m m an d : s-2 9 2 4x l -2 7 a# sh ow c g m p state C G M P is r u n n in g . C G M P F ast L eav e is not running . D ef au l t r o u ter tim eo u t is 30 0 sec.

G . D iv id e a nd C o nquer If a l l o t h e r a t t e m p t s t o i s o l a t e o r r e s o l v e HS R P f a i l , t h e " d i v i d e a n d c o n q u e r " m e t h o d i s t h e n e x t a p p r o a c h . T h i s m e t h o d h e l p s i s o l a t e t h e n e t w o r k a n d c o m p o n e n t s t h a t m a k e u p t h e n e t w o r k . Di v i d e a n d c o n q u e r i n v o l v e s a n y o n e o f t h e g u i d e l i n e s i n t h i s l i s t : N ote : T h i s l i s t r e p e a t s s o m e g u i d e l i n e s f r o m o t h e r s e c t i o n s o f t h i s d o c u m e n t .

� Cr e a t e a t e s t V L AN f o r HS R P a n d i s o l a t e d V L AN t o s w i t c h w i t h HS R P r o u t e r s . � Di s c o n n e c t a l l r e d u n d a n t p o r t s . � Br e a k FEC p o r t s i n t o s i n g l e c o n n e c t e d p o r t s . � R e d u c e HS R P g r o u p m e m b e r s t o o n l y t w o m e m b e r s . � P r u n e t r u n k p o r t s s u c h t h a t o n l y n e c e s s a r y V L AN s p r o p a g a t e a c r o s s t h o s e p o r t s . � Di s c o n n e c t c o n n e c t e d s w i t c h e s i n t h e n e t w o r k u n t i l t h e p r o b l e m s c e a s e .

K now n I ssu es N umb er o f H S RP G ro up s S up p o rted f o r C a ta l y st 65 0 0 / 60 0 0 S eries P F C 2 / M S F C 2 a nd C a ta l y st 3 5 5 0 T h e P o l i c y Fe a t u r e Ca r d 2 ( P FC2)/ M S FC2 f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 6500/ 6000 s e r i e s s u p p o r t s a m a x i m u m o f 16 u n i q u e HS R P g r o u p s . If y o u n e e d m o r e t h a n 16 HS R P g r o u p s , y o u c a n r e u s e t h e s a m e HS R P g r o u p n u m b e r s i n d i f f e r e n t V L AN s . Fo r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n HS R P g r o u p l i m i t a t i o n s f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 6500/ 6000 s e r i e s , r e f e r t o HS R P Gr o u p L i m i t a t i o n o n Ca t a l y s t 6500/ 6000 S e r i e s S w i t c h e s Fr e q u e n t l y As k e d Q u e s t i o n s . A s i m i l a r l i m i t a t i o n e x i s t s f o r t h e Ca t a l y s t 3550 s e r i e s , w h i c h s u p p o r t s a m a x i m u m o f 16 HS R P g r o u p s . T h i s i s a h a r d w a r e l i m i t a t i o n a n d t h e r e i s n o w o r k a r o u n d .

P a g e 54 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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H S RP S ta te F l a p p ing / U nsta b l e W h en Y o u U se C isc o 2 62 0 / 2 62 1, C isc o 3 60 0 w ith F a st E th ernet, o r P A -2 F E I S L T h i s p r o b l e m c a n o c c u r w i t h Fa s t Et h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e s a t t h e d i s r u p t i o n o f n e t w o r k c o n n e c t i v i t y o r a t t h e a d d i t i o n o f a n HS R P r o u t e r w i t h h i g h e r p r i o r i t y t o a n e t w o r k . W h e n t h e HS R P s t a t e c h a n g e s f r o m a c t i v e t o s p e a k i n g , t h e r o u t e r r e s e t s t h e i n t e r f a c e i n o r d e r t o r e m o v e t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s f r o m t h e i n t e r f a c e s M AC a d d r e s s f i l t e r . O n l y s p e c i f i c h a r d w a r e t h a t i s u s e d o n t h e Fa s t Et h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e s f o r Ci s c o 2600s , 3600s , a n d 7500s h a v e t h i s i s s u e . T h e r o u t e r i n t e r f a c e r e s e t c a u s e s a l i n k s t a t e c h a n g e o n Fa s t Et h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e s , a n d t h e s w i t c h d e t e c t s t h e c h a n g e . If t h e s w i t c h r u n s S T P , t h e c h a n g e c a u s e s a n S T P t r a n s i t i o n . T h e S T P t a k e s 30 s e c o n d s t o t r a n s i t i o n t h e p o r t i n t o t h e f o r w ar d in g s t a t e . T h i s t i m e i s t w i c e t h e d e f a u l t f o r w a r d d e l a y t i m e o f 15 s e c o n d s . At t h e s a m e t i m e , t h e s p e a k i n g r o u t e r t r a n s i t i o n s t o t h e stan d b y s t a t e a f t e r 10 s e c o n d s , w h i c h i s t h e HS R P h o l d t i m e . S T P i s n o t f o r w a r d i n g y e t , s o n o HS R P h e l l o m e s s a g e s a r e r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e a c t i v e r o u t e r . T h i s c a u s e s t h e s t a n d b y r o u t e r t o b e c o m e a c t i v e a f t e r a b o u t 10 s e c o n d s . Bo t h r o u t e r s a r e n o w active. W h e n t h e S T P p o r t s b e c o m e f o r w a r d i n g , t h e l o w e r -p r i o r i t y r o u t e r c h a n g e s f r o m a c t i v e t o s p e a k i n g , a n d t h e w h o l e p r o c e s s r e p e a t s .

P l a tf orm D e s crip tion C is co B ug ID F ix W ork a round

Ci s c o 2620/ 2621

Fa s t Et h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e s t a r t s t o f l a p w h e n HS R P i s c o n f i g u r e d a n d t h e c a b l e i s u n p l u g g e d .

CS Cd p 57792 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

A s o f t w a r e u p g r a d e ; r e f e r t o t h e b u g f o r r e v i s i o n d e t a i l s .

En a b l e s s p a n n i n g t r e e P o r t Fa s t o n t h e c o n n e c t e d s w i t c h p o r t .

Ci s c o 2620/ 2621

HS R P s t a t e i s f l a p p i n g o n 2600 w i t h Fa s t Et h e r n e t .

CS Cd r 02376 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1.3

En a b l e s s p a n n i n g t r e e P o r t Fa s t o n t h e c o n n e c t e d s w i t c h p o r t .

Ci s c o 3600 w i t h N M -1FE-T X 1

HS R P s t a t e i s f l a p p i n g o n 2600 a n d 3600 Fa s t Et h e r n e t .

CS Cd r 02376 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1.3

En a b l e s s p a n n i n g t r e e P o r t Fa s t o n t h e c o n n e c t e d s w i t c h p o r t .

Ci s c o 4500 w i t h Fa s t Et h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e

HS R P s t a t e i s f l a p p i n g o n 4500 Fa s t Et h e r n e t .

CS Cd s 16055 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1.5

En a b l e s s p a n n i n g t r e e P o r t Fa s t o n t h e c o n n e c t e d s w i t c h p o r t .

Ci s c o 7200/ 7500 w i t h P A-2FEIS L 2

HS R P s t a t e i s f l a p p i n g o n P A-2FEIS L .

CS Cd m 89593 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e

En a b l e s s p a n n i n g t r e e P o r t Fa s t o n t h e c o n n e c t e d

P a g e 55 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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1 N M -1FE-T X = o n e -p o r t Fa s t Et h e r n e t ( 10/ 100BAS E-T X i n t e r f a c e ) n e t w o r k m o d u l e .

1 P A-2FEIS L = t w o -p o r t Fa s t Et h e r n e t In t e r S w i t c h L i n k [ IS L ] p o r t a d a p t e r .

An a l t e r n a t i v e w o r k a r o u n d i s t o a d j u s t t h e HS R P t i m e r s s o t h a t t h e S T P f o r w a r d d e l a y i s l e s s t h a n h a l f o f t h e d e f a u l t HS R P h o l d t i m e . T h e d e f a u l t S T P f o r w a r d d e l a y i s 15 s e c o n d s , a n d t h e d e f a u l t HS R P h o l d t i m e i s 10 s e c o n d s .

H S RP S tuc k in I nitia l o r A c tiv e S ta te o n C isc o 2 62 0 / 2 62 1, C isc o 3 60 0 w ith F a st E th ernet, o r P A -2 F E I S L Fa s t Et h e r n e t i n t e r f a c e s o n t h e Ci s c o 2600, 3600, a n d 7200 r o u t e r s c a n e x p e r i e n c e t h e s e i s s u e s w h e n HS R P i s c o n f i g u r e d :

� HS R P r e m a i n s i n active s t a t e w h e n t h e i n t e r f a c e g o e s d o w n o r i s u n p l u g g e d . � HS R P r e m a i n s i n in itial s t a t e w h e n t h e i n t e r f a c e g o e s u p . � In t e r f a c e t r a c k i n g d o e s n o t w o r k .

A t i m i n g -s e n s e p r o b l e m o f i n t e r f a c e u p / d o w n c a u s e s t h e s e HS R P i s s u e s . T h e t i m i n g p r o b l e m i s t h a t t h e r e i s a d e l a y b e t w e e n t h e o c c u r r e n c e o f t h e i n t e r f a c e e v e n t a n d t h e u p d a t e o f t h e i n t e r f a c e s t a t e o f t h e r o u t e r .

12.1.5 s w i t c h p o r t .

P l a tf orm D e s crip tion C is co B ug ID F ix W ork a round

Ci s c o 2620/ 2621

HS R P g e t s s t u c k i n in itial s t a t e .

CS Cd p 24680 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

A s o f t w a r e u p g r a d e ; r e f e r t o t h e b u g f o r r e v i s i o n d e t a i l s .

Is s u e t h e s h utdow n a n d no s h utdow n c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o r e s e t t h e i n t e r f a c e .

Ci s c o 3600 w i t h N M -1FE-T X

HS R P g e t s s t u c k i n in itial s t a t e o n t h e N M -1FE-T X m o d u l e i n 3600.

CS Cd p 24680 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

A s o f t w a r e u p g r a d e ; r e f e r t o t h e b u g f o r r e v i s i o n d e t a i l s .

Is s u e t h e s h utdow n a n d no s h utdow n c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o r e s e t t h e i n t e r f a c e .

Ci s c o HS R P g e t s s t u c k i n

A s o f t w a r e u p g r a d e ;

Is s u e t h e s h utdow n

P a g e 56 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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U na b l e to P ing H S RP S ta nd b y A d d ress o n C isc o 2 5 0 0 a nd 45 0 0 S eries Ro uters

In t h i s d i a g r a m , R o u t e r A r e p r e s e n t s a Ci s c o 2500 s e r i e s r o u t e r , a n d R o u t e r B r e p r e s e n t s a Ci s c o 4500 s e r i e s r o u t e r . If R o u t e r A p i n g s t h e v i r t u a l IP a d d r e s s o n L AN 1, 10.1.1.1, t h e r o u t e r f i r s t s e n d s o u t a n AR P r e q u e s t . R o u t e r B r e s p o n d s w i t h a n AR P r e p l y t h a t c o n t a i n s t h e v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s . R o u t e r B i g n o r e s t h i s AR P r e p l y b e c a u s e t h e v i r t u a l M AC a d d r e s s i s t h e s a m e a s t h e R o u t e r B E1 i n t e r f a c e a d d r e s s . T h e r e i s a k n o w n r e s t r i c t i o n w i t h t h e 10 M B Et h e r n e t c o n t r o l l e r o n t h e Ci s c o 2500 a n d 4500 s e r i e s r o u t e r s . T h e Et h e r n e t c o n t r o l l e r o n l y s u p p o r t s a s i n g l e M AC a d d r e s s i n i t s a d d r e s s f i l t e r . As a r e s u l t , o n l y o n e HS R P g r o u p c a n b e c o n f i g u r e d i n a n i n t e r f a c e . T h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s i s a l s o u s e d a s t h e i n t e r f a c e M AC a d d r e s s . T h i s c a u s e s p r o b l e m s w h e n t h e s a m e HS R P g r o u p i s c o n f i g u r e d o n d i f f e r e n t Et h e r n e t s o n t h e s a m e r o u t e r . T h e s h ow s ta ndb y c o m m a n d s h o w s u s e o f t h e M AC a d d r e s s a s t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s . T h e r e a r e t w o w o r k a r o u n d s t o t h i s i s s u e :

� Co n f i g u r e d i f f e r e n t HS R P g r o u p s o n d i f f e r e n t i n t e r f a c e s . N ote : T h i s w o r k a r o u n d i s r e c o m m e n d e d .

� Is s u e t h e s ta ndb y us e -b ia c o m m a n d o n o n e o r b o t h i n t e r f a c e s .

M L S F l o w s A re N o t C rea ted f o r D ev ic es T h a t U se H S RP S ta nd b y I P A d d ress a s D ef a ul t G a tew a y M L S s w i t c h i n g c a n f a i l w h e n HS R P i s e n a b l e d a n d y o u u s e Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 4)E o n o n e o f t h e s e :

7200/ 7500 w i t h P A-2FEIS L

in itial s t a t e o n t h e P A-2FEIS L m o d u l e i n 7200/ 7500.

CS Cd r 01156 ( r e g i s t e r e d

c u s t o m e r s o n l y )

r e f e r t o t h e b u g f o r r e v i s i o n d e t a i l s .

a n d no s h utdow n c o m m a n d s i n o r d e r t o r e s e t t h e i n t e r f a c e .

P a g e 57 o f 59Ci s c o - U n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g HS R P P r o b l e m s i n Ca t a l y s t S w i t c h N e t w o ...

1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1

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� S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e 1/ M S FC1 � S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e 2/ M S FC2 � S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e 1/ M S FC2

T h e s y m p t o m s a r e d i f f e r e n t f o r e a c h c o m b i n a t i o n , a s t h i s l i s t s h o w s : � Fo r S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e 1/ M S FC1 a n d S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e 1/ M S FC2 ( w h i c h u s e N e t f l o w -M L S )—T h e M L S s h o r t c u t s c a n f a i l t o b e c r e a t e d w h e n t r a f f i c i s s e n t t o a n HS R P M AC a d d r e s s . An y c l i e n t t h a t u s e s t h e HS R P s t a n d b y IP a d d r e s s a s t h e d e f a u l t g a t e w a y u s e s t h e HS R P M AC a d d r e s s .

� Fo r S u p e r v i s o r En g i n e 2/ M S FC2 ( w h i c h u s e s Ci s c o Ex p r e s s Fo r w a r d i n g -M L S )—T h e Ci s c o Ex p r e s s Fo r w a r d i n g a d j a c e n c y t a b l e c a n f a i l t o b e p o p u l a t e d c o r r e c t l y o n t h e s w i t c h .

R e f e r t o Ci s c o b u g ID CS Cd s 89040 ( r e g i s t e r e d c u s t o m e r s o n l y ) . T h e f i x i s a v a i l a b l e w i t h Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 5a )E f o r t h e Ca t O S ( c 6m s f c ) i m a g e s , a n d w i t h Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e R e l e a s e 12.1( 5a )E1 f o r t h e Ci s c o IO S S o f t w a r e ( c 6s u p ) i m a g e s .

C a ta l y st 2 9 48 G , 2 9 8 0 G , 49 12 G , 40 0 3 , a nd 40 0 6 H S RP -C G M P I ntero p era b il ity I ssues T h e Ca t a l y s t 4000 p r o d u c t l i n e ( 2948G, 2980G, 4912G, 4003, a n d 4006) s o f t w a r e h a s s e v e r a l i s s u e s t h a t r e l a t e t o HS R P a n d CGM P i n t e r o p e r a b i l i t y . Al l t h e i s s u e s a r e r e s o l v e d i n s o f t w a r e v e r s i o n s 6.3.6 a n d 7.2.1. En a b l e m e n t o f CGM P c a n c a u s e p r o b l e m s w i t h HS R P . T h i s p r o b l e m i s r e s o l v e d i n s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e 6.3( 6). A r o u t e r i n HS R P stan d b y s t a t u s i s c h a n g e d t o active s t a t u s . W h e n t h e s t a t u s i s r e s t o r e d , t h e r o u t e r d o e s n o t g o b a c k t o stan d b y s t a t u s f r o m active s t a t u s . T h i s p r o b l e m i s r e s o l v e d i n s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e 6.3( 6). If y o u r u n HS R P a n d h a v e e n a b l e d CGM P l e a v e , M castR x u s e c a n s h o w a t 25 p e r c e n t CP U u s a g e . T h i s p r o b l e m o c c u r s b e c a u s e CGM P l e a v e a n d HS R P h e l l o p a c k e t s s h a r e t h e s a m e d e s t i n a t i o n M AC a d d r e s s . T h e p r o b l e m i s r e s o l v e d i n s o f t w a r e r e l e a s e 6.3( 6).

N etP r o D i sc u ssi on F or u m s - F ea tu r ed Conv er sa ti ons N e t w o r k i n g P r o f e s s i o n a l s Co n n e c t i o n i s a f o r u m f o r n e t w o r k i n g p r o f e s s i o n a l s t o s h a r e q u e s t i o n s , s u g g e s t i o n s , a n d i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t n e t w o r k i n g s o l u t i o n s , p r o d u c t s , a n d t e c h n o l o g i e s . T h e f e a t u r e d l i n k s a r e s o m e o f t h e m o s t r e c e n t c o n v e r s a t i o n s a v a i l a b l e i n t h i s t e c h n o l o g y . N e t P r o Di s c u s s i o n Fo r u m s - Fe a t u r e d Co n v e r s a t i o n s f o r L AN N e t w o r k In f r a s t r u c t u r e : L AN R o u t i n g a n d S w i t c h i n g S w i t c h U p l i n k - U n d e r s i z e P a c k e t s - J a n 28, 2008 Ch a n g i n g Ci s c o S w i t c h - J a n 28, 2008 M u l t i p l e V L AN s o n a s i n g l e S w i t c h p o r t - J a n 28, 2008 U p g r a d e 3620 r o u t e r w i t h 2811 r o u t e r - J a n 28, 2008 V S S - J a n 28, 2008 N e t w o r k In f r a s t r u c t u r e : Ge t t i n g S t a r t e d w i t h L AN s

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1/ 28/ 2008h t t p : / / k b a s e .c i s c o .c o m / p a w s / s e r v l e t / V i e w Fi l e / 10583/ 62.x m l ?c o n v e r t P a t h s = 1