HS-140: PharmacologyWeek 8: Urinary System Disorders and Calculating Doses

Overview of Unit 8

Reading: Chapter 28: Urinary System Disorders Chapter 9: Calculating Doses of Nonparenteral

Medications Chapter 10: Calculating Doses of Parenteral

Medications

Discussion Board

Seminar

Assignment

Quiz

The Urinary System

Made up of Organs which form & excrete urine: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra

4

Diuretic Agents

Increase urine flow.Increase urine flow.

Treat edema, fluid accumulation:Treat edema, fluid accumulation: LungsLungs ExtremitiesExtremities Abdomen Abdomen

Promote excretion of the following:Promote excretion of the following: SodiumSodium PotassiumPotassium ChlorideChloride BicarbonateBicarbonate WaterWater

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)

Most common bacterial infection in the U.S.

10 – 20% of females have a UTI during lifetime.

E. Coli causes ~90% of all cultured UTI’s.

Turn to p. 587 of textbook. What are some symptoms of lower UTIs?

Virtual Field Trip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u11DfF6fuCM When you finish watching this video, provide a brief summary.

UTI Drug Therapy: Antibacterials

Antibacterials Kill bacteria, in the urine and systemically. Turn to p. 588 of textbook. What are some

examples of antibiotics given for UTIs? What patient education would you provide for a

patient on an antibiotics for a UTI?

UTI Drug Therapy: Antiseptics

Antiseptics Antibiotic activity only in the urine. What is some patient education that you would

provide for a patient on a urinary antiseptic (p. 590 of textbook)?

UTI Drug Therapy: Analgesics

Analgesics Topical and local anesthesia on the lining of

the urinary-tract. Turn to p. 590 of textbook. What is an

example of analgesic given for UTIs? What is some patient education that you

would provide for a patient on a urinary tract analgesic (p. 590 of textbook)?

9

Drugs Used to Treat Enuresis

Enuresis :Enuresis : Involuntary urination at night.Involuntary urination at night. Common in children.Common in children. Caused by a spastic bladder Caused by a spastic bladder

that is stimulated to empty that is stimulated to empty when small amount of urine is when small amount of urine is present.present.

Imipramine hydrochloride Imipramine hydrochloride (Tofranil)(Tofranil) Also acts as an antidepressant Also acts as an antidepressant

agent.agent. What dosage is this drug used What dosage is this drug used

at to treat enuresis? (p. 589 of at to treat enuresis? (p. 589 of textbook)textbook)

Refer to Chapters 7, 8 and 9.

Turn in early in case you need to make corrections.

Don’t forget about the Math Center if you need help.

10

Calculating Dosages: Assingment Tips

Basic Rules for Calculations

Always check units (numerator/denominator).

Always work the problem out on paper, even the math seems easy.

Check and re-check all decimals and fractions.

Determine whether the results make sense.

Take one last look to make sure you calculated the dose in the correct units.

Ordered: 300mcg

On hand: 0.15 mg tablets

How many tablets do you need?

12

Unit 8 Assignment Review

 

Ordered: 1.2g

On hand: 600 mg/tab

How many tablets do you need?

13

Unit 8 Assignment Review

 

Ordered: 1500 Units of a parenteral medication, IM

On hand 10,000 Units/ml

How many mL’s do you need?

14

Unit 8 Assignment Review

Thank you for your attention and participation in tonight’s seminar!

Any questions?

I look forward to the rest of Unit 8. Please contact me with any questions throughout the week.