how to learn norwegian (dec2013)v3

Learn Norwegian, version 2 (December 2013). Authors: Nicola Biolcati and Gitte Kristensen

Norwegian guide: How to learn Norwegian!The Only Guide You Need For Learning Norwegian!

1 Welcome2 The Language

3 Useful Resources4 Norwegian art, films, and music

5 Hints for learning a language fast and easy6 General Information, articles etc.

About the authors:

Nicola: I was 18 years old when I wrote the guide for the first time, now I'm almost 20.I decided to make a big update with a lot of new informations, so it will be ok for ananother year I guess.The structure is the same, I've just edited the chapters adding and removing things.I also replaced non working linksI come from Rome, Italy. I love Norwegian Black Metal music (and Scandinavian music ingeneral) and reading books.I like to learn about new cultures and languages.I can speak Italian and English, and I understand Spanish and Norwegian pretty much.I'm currently studying in Rome.

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Gitte: I am a professional teacher, in English, Norwegian and Theology. I have also studiedpedagogy, pedagogical entrepreneurship and motivational psychology. I have many years ofexperience in teaching kids, teens and adult immigrants. I know the system and the testsyou need to pass in order to be qualified for education or work in Norway. I have been ateacher and administrator for a course aimed at immigrants in Norway; teaching motiva-tion, Norwegian language, social studies, work life in Norway, cultural differences and com-munication. I also help students as a career coach, helping them make a plan and giving ad-vise with knowledge of the Norwegian educational system and work system.I offer information about learning Norwegian language and how to start a life in Norwaythrough education or work.

1 - Welcome

Hei alle sammen!

If you're reading this, it probably means that you're interested in Norwegian language and Norwegian culture.In this document, you'll find some useful things such as multimedia files, informations about norway, hints and so on.

Enjoy!

2 - The Language

Norwegian is a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Norway, where its the official language. Together with Swedish and Danish, Norwegian forms a continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional variants.

These Scandinavian languages together with the Faroese language and Icelandic language, as well as some extinct languages, constitute the North Germanic languages (also called Scandinavian languages). Faroese and Icelandic are hardly mutually intelligible with Norwegian in their spoken form, because continental Scandinavian has diverged from them.

As established by law and governmental policy, there are two official forms of written Norwegian Bokml (literally "book tongue") and Nynorsk (literally "new Norwegian").

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There is no officially sanctioned standard of spoken Norwegian, and most Norwegians speak their own dialect in all circumstances.

Norwegians are educated in both Bokml and Nynorsk. A 2005 poll indicates that 86.3% use primarily Bokml as their daily written language, 5.5% use both Bokml and Nynorsk, and 7.5% use primarily Nynorsk.

Full language history: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_language

Information about the different levels and their content in language learning: http://www.pearsonlongman.com/ae/cef/cefguide.pdf

About Norway's national day:http://www.visitnorway.com/uk/About-Norway/History/Norways-national-day/Traditional Costumes:http://www.norway-hei.com/norwegian-national-costumes.html

2.1 - The Alphabet

In the Norwegian alphabet there are 3 danish letters: " , and ".I call them " the 3 weird letters".some Norwegian people are so imaginative and some guys decided to make a song about these letters, so foreign people can learn them easly.This is the link to the song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f488uJAQgmwThere are other resources for learn them, but we'll talk about that in the chapter "Resources"!

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2.2 - The Dialects

So guys, like in every country in the world there are dialects in Norway too.

This video explains the dialects: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHmUo3bD9CU&feature=related

It says about bokml, nynorsk and it shows you some examples about how people says words in the north or in the south.For instance, in the west they say "Eg" instead of "Jeg" and in the north they use "g".

In this website: http://www.ling.hf.ntnu.no/nos/?list you'll find multimedia files and you can hear about their accent while they talk.

There are sections, so if you want to hear someone from bergen talking, click on Bergen and then on the speaker icon, if you want to ear someone from Troms, do the same with it.

3 - Resources

In this chapter I'll try to show you many ways about how to learn the language faster with the help of your computer and some pc-programs like Anki.If you'll combine these elements together, you'll learn a lot in a short time!

3.1 - Resources for your smartphone

So, there are many apps you can find useful.I have 50 languages and it's quite good.You choose the language you want to learn, and then the language you speak.There are a lot of lessons, and it translates new words you don't know in yourlanguage.

Good things: easy to use, it's based on flashcards so it's easier to remember thingsBad things: there're only 30/100 free lessons, for the entire app you have to pay 3dollars.

There is Anki for your smartphone too, but I'll tell you about it works later ! It's my favorite app, it's opensource, so it's free! and you can synchronize it with your pc.

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3.2 - Resources for your pc

Here we are !This chapter is about resources for learn norwegian at home with your pc!We have many powerful instruments and we have the net.It's easy to stay in touch with the others, and there are websites that will help you on your path.

I think that the most important thing is to have a dictionary.That's the first thing you'd buy in a foreign land!We can use it in many ways: for understand a word, or for know the gender of the word.For example, you hear the word "Slott". It's a castle, but you don't know if it's "Et Slott" or "En Slott".The dictionary will help you in that too.That's a good one: http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi?OPP&bokmaal=+

- List of the other dictionaries:

http://www.norskengelskordbok.com/en/dictionary-norwegian-englishhttp://www.tritrans.net/indexno.html (English, Norwegian, Spanish)http://www.ordbok.com/norsk-engelsk.html http://translate.google.no/http://www.freedict.com/onldict/nor.htmlhttp://ordbok24.nu/norsk-engelsk-ordbok.html

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On the site of the NTNU (The Norwegian University Of Trondheim), there's a webcourse with audio files, grammar lessons, some quiz about what you've learned and so on.You'll find it a great resource!http://www.ntnu.edu/now

I know that an another problem is: "Hm, did I write it right? and Is this wrong? and Do people think I'm stupid?"That's not a real problem. You'll learn with the time, and Norwegian people will understand for sure !Try to think at someone that is learning your language, if he/she makes mistakes you'll be happy anyway cause he/she try to do it !Sometimes you can ask to a native if your phrase is right, but when there's no one you can use a grammar checker. http://regdili.idi.ntnu.no:8080/studentAce/parseIt will tell you if the grammar structure of your phrase is right.

If you're focusing on the pronunciation, you can download audio files of spoken Norwegian language here: http://www.goethe-verlag.com/book2/NO/index.htm

You can choose files from Norwegian language, to your native language (it says the words or the phrases in Norwegian, and then in your language or the language that you selected).Press 2 for download the audio files at normal speed, press 1 for download the audio files at reduced speed.

What are other things that helps you to learn faster?I think exercise is a good thing. I've learned so much talking with people. You can talk while you're studying, don't wait until you'll be really good. You'll never be good if you don't speak with people in their language, but we will talk about these things later in the chapter "Hints for learning a language fast and easy"Trust me! ;)

I didn't tell you that without a reason anyway, cause I wanted to introduce some good websites in which you can meet Norwegian people (and people from all around the world for sure, but this guide is for learning Norwegian) and you can talk with them.

3.2.1 Interpals

I found Interpals a good one. My brother told me about it.It's like a social network, but it's based on the fact that you can meet people fromanother nations and talk to them about culture, languages and so on.You can do researches for countries, languages and so on.There are a lot of people there, and there's a public chat as well.http://www.interpals.net/

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3.2.2 Livemocha

Livemocha it's good for starting with the language cause there are langauge courses.Unfortunately they removed Norwegian courses.But it was updated just a few months ago, Norwegian courses will come back probably

An another good resource is a personal blog.You can do exercise there, and you can ask to native Norwegians to check if you wrote good.Open a blog after a few months you started to learn the language, so you can write something that has a meaning ehehI have a Norwegian blog with wordpress (which is the best in my opinion), but there are another free services for that like blogger or blogg.no

3.2.3 - Anki

Anki will be your biggest friend, but what is Anki?

Anki is a flashcard system.You can install it on your PC, tablet and smartphone and setup an Ankiweb account and syncronize your flashcards between devices.Also, there are public flashcards made available that you can download and yes, there are Norwegian ones!Some even include Audio tracks!

But how does it works? And why would it be so useful?Anki is based on the spaced memory system.In theory, it helps you learn hundreds of words every week, but how?

The spaced memory system was discovered by a German scientist.It's based on the fact that if you study 30 pages, you'll forget them after a day, but if you study them again after a day, you'll remember them for 3 days, and if you do it again for 10 days, and so on.

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The comfortable thing is that there are already Norwegian decks, so the only thing you have to do, is to study 5 minutes every day, and you'll learn 150 words every week, without forgetting them after a short time.

There are a few secrets too while you're studying, but we'll talk about them in the fifth chapter.

Well, after you opened it you'll have a deck with a lot of words and verbs to learn.You can choose how much words you want to learn everyday. 20 is ok (It's the default choice).Your first word will appear, for example "Hi".You have to know how to say "Hi" in Norwegian.Do you know it? I guess you don't know it cause it's the first time you see it, so choose "Show answer".The answer is "Hei", but you didn't know it, so select "I don't know it, show me again in a few minutes".There are 4 choices: "ask me again in a few minutes", "ask me tomorrow", "ask me in 4 days", "ask me in 7 days".After a few minutes you'll probably remember how to say "hi" in Norwegian, but if you're not sure cause itsa difficult word you can tell him:"Ask me tomorrow".And the day after : Ask me in a week, Ask me in a month and so on.Remember to study every day, its important!You can study in the bus too on your smartphone and then synchronize the decks!http://ankisrs.net/The most useful deck youll find is called Norskkurs , and theres an another deck with a lot of verbs.Theyre all important anyway, and youll learn a lot in a few time.

If you want to watch something on youtube, theres an user that posts a lot of useful videos:https://www.youtube.com/user/Crienexzy

3.2.4 Books

Youll probably need a book to study the grammar !You cant learn so much about it without studying all the rules.The most useful in my opinion is: Routledge Norwegian An Essential Grammar. (I cant give you any download links cause its protected by copyright, but if youre a pirate youll probably find it by yourself on the net ;) )There are other books divided in lessons like Ny i norge, Teach yourself Norwegian , P vei and so on, but theyre useless if you learn the words in other ways.

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The book I mentioned before has not sections where it tells you names of the animals like other books, but you can learn them faster with other ways than studying a from book.

If you want to read before the basics than a complete book, read this file.http://www.sendspace.com/file/w3guh6 Theres a file called learnnorwegian_en that you have to read if youre starting now.It tells you the most basic rules about grammar, and there are some exercises.

NB: If you're not constantly using Anki, you should consider using ny i norge or p vei.Most people in the group use p vei tough.

The websites of the two most important publishers are:

http://www.fagogkultur.no/ ("Ny i Norge, "Nkler til Norge", "Liv og levnet")http://www.cappelen.no/ ("P vei", "Stein p stein", "Her p berget")

3.2.5 Artige

In the last two years I saw a lot of memes surrounding the net.Theres a website, I think it was created in 2012 but Im not sure, that includes memes and funny photos.Most of them are in Norwegian, so you can translate them and got funny.You wont understand a few of them, but it will be ok.You can ask in the group if you want to understand a particular joke.Its called artige.no

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4 - Norwegian art, films, and music

4.1 - Music

Norway is a famous country for its extreme music.Black metal is a Norwegian kind of music.Famous artists are: Burzum, Mayhem, Darkthrone, Immortal, Emperor, and Ulver.Some became famous worldwide thanks to the television and the newspapers.Around the 90s, Norwegian reportes talked a lot about their acts like burning of churces, suicides, homicides etc.

By the way, here's a link to the Norwegian radio: http://tunein.com/radio/Norway-r100392/

4.2 Films and tv

There arent a lot of Norwegian movies, but theyre good!I watched them with subtitles ( http://www.subtitleseeker.com )I saw Dd Sn a few days ago.It was made in the north of Norway, but you shouldn't watch it if youre scared by zombies and guts.I liked Sofies Verden as well, but it could be a little boring if youre not interested in philosophy.I found it a little similar to Amelie (the french film).I loved Elling, I found it very hilarious.

Here's a list with all the movies: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_films

If you want to watch their tv shows this is the link: http://tv.nrk.no/programmer/utlandthere's also a channel called nrk super made for children, you should understand better: http://tv.nrksuper.no/utland

You should watch I kveld med Ylvis, you'll spend a good time.They're a comic duo. You can find some espisodes on youtube.

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4.3 Norwegian Art

Norway always had good painters!Edvard Munch is Norwegian and The Scream is probably his most famous paint.I love Theodor Kittelsen too and his paintings about mythology are awesome.

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5 - Hints for learning a language fast and easy!

5.1 Motivation

Why are you learning this language?Look at the reasons, each one of these reasons are vague, and with no specific (or a very distant) time limit.A good hint I can give to you, is to aim for little goals.A few days ago I wrote on my blog about my last summer holydays.Ive learned how to say beach, sea and so much other words.Next time I think Id write about music, so Ill learn another words, and step by step I will understand if Im getting better.Without these goals you wont understand what are you doing, and youll lose your time.Mini-goals are one of the most important things!

Remeber that there arent easy or difficult languages, every language has its own characteristics like the genders of the names. You have to think that youre not learning a difficult language, because it would be an excuse for your failure.

Whether you think you can or you think you cant, youre right - Henry Ford

Focus on the positive!

Remember that there are a some people who learned a lot of languages at home, and theyre not genius, theyre smart! ;)

5.2 - Image association

There are two fun techniques I like to apply when I come across new words or phrases. Both ofthem help in producing the words which is way more important than simply recognising thewords. It's unfortunate, but people who learn vocabulary unidirectionally will tend to be quitedisappointed when they need to speak and can't remember how to say what they would indeedrecognise.These techniques are more enjoyable, and after you get used to them they only take a couple ofseconds (or even less) per term to learn. Luckily, any recall technique, even boring repetitionlearning, can help the word be burned into memory if you actually use it a couple of times, in theright context, in a natural conversation. The first few times you will pause a moment (don't forgetto make the pause more interesting than um...!) to remember the association, but then the wordcomes naturally to you and you can abandon the association entirely. You simply know the word.So these strategies are actually temporary means to bring you to this instant recall quicker.The first one is image association. You have to take the word you need to remember and make an imaginative association with its translation in your mind. This should always be as imaginative, colourful, funny and ridiculous as possible. Simply imagining the two objects basically interacting is not enough because that's easy to forget. The stranger the story, the better.

I'll give you one of my favourite examples, applied to the French gare mentioned above. Here'sthe story I made up:There is no word in English (at least that I know of) that sounds almost the same as gar (with anah, not ay sound) so thinking for a moment, the closest I could come up with was Garfield, apopular comic strip (and cartoon and even movie) of a fat, lazy, and sarcastic orange cat (thattalks, of course). I also thought of a very specific train station that I used in my city a couple of times.

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It is important from the very beginning to make everything colourful and full of details andmovement. I imagined the people rushing through the station, under where the timetable can befound, the platform I usually went to, and the machine I would buy the tickets from. Suddenly,there is a big fat orange cat, in very cartoony colours; not your typical tabby cat, but Garfieldhimself with his trademark sneaky grin.But he isnt just sitting in the train station (that would be very easy to forget). He is about to missan important train directly to Milan for a Lasagna-eating competition! He has his suitcases andsunglasses with him, since he is going on holiday, of course, and he is puffing frantically as heruns around trying to figure out which platform his train is going to leave from.Its quite funny that this fat cat has to actually run for the first time in his life. The train is pulling out of theplatform but he dashes after it, throws his suitcase on the back compartment, pounces on andmakes it just in time!With this image, whenever I picture a train station I will always see this ridiculous story of Garfieldrunning through it and that will help me remember to say gare.Conversely, seeing gare and immediately recognising the similarity with Garfield that I assigned it, means that I will see Garfield in a train station. The recall process takes less than a second and barely slows down anicely flowing conversation.Every association I make like this has plenty of random background information to make the storyeven more dramatic and very difficult to forget. If you didn't know it already, I bet if I asked you ina few weeks time you could tell me what the French for train station was if you genuinelyvisualised this story yourself! And of course if you saw or heard gare you could tell me what thismeans too the crucial difference is that this is bidirectional! This important aspect helps a lot ina conversation, since you'll be able to both understand the other person (as with rote learningand lots of exposure in the right context) and actually say the words yourself.

At the beginning it will take a few time, but in a short time it will become the easiest and most powerful thing in the world!

5.3 Change the world

Turn your little world into Norwegian.Change your OS language if you have Ubuntu like me, by the settingmenu/language,Or if you have Windows, then change the language of your browser, of yourfacebook, of your skype etc.Youll learn a lot in a few days, and youll be surprised! I experienced itmyself! An another useful tip is to be careful while you speak in a foreign language.Try to reduce your accent! People will understand better. You have only tokeep calm and speak.For example, when I talk on skype with people from Iceland or Finland, theysay becosh instead of because, cause they have a really strong s in theirlanguage.It could be difficult to understand them if you're not used to that accent.

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5.4 Most used words in all languages !

While you speak about daily topics, you use only about 6.000 words, so if you study the most used words in a language, youll understand the meaning of what a person is telling you, without knowing so much words.

5.4.1 - The hundred most common words

1. A,an 23. Good-bye2. After 24. Happy3. Again 25. (I) have4. All 26. He5. Almost 27. Hello6. Also 28. Here7. Always 29. How8. And 30. Hi9. Because 31. (I) Am10. Before 32.If11. Big 33. In12. But 34. (I) Know13. (I) can 35. Last14. (I) come 36. (I) Like15. Either/or 37. Little16. (I) find 38. (I) Love17. First 39. (I) Make18. For 40. Many19. Friend20. From21. (I) go22. Good

41. One 42. More 43. Most 44. Much 45. My46. New 47. No 48. Not 49. Now 50. Of51. Often 52. On 53. One 54. Only 55. Or56. Other 57. Our 58. Out 59. Over 60. People61. Place 62. Please 63. Same 64. (I) see 65. She66. So 67. Some 68. Sometimes 69. Still 70. Such71. (I) tell 72. Thank you 73. That 74. The 75. Their76. Them 77. Then 78. There is 79. They 80. Thing81. (I) think 82. This 83. Time 84. To 85. Under86. Up 87. Us 88. (I) use 89. Very 90. We91. What 92. When 93. Where 94. Which 95. Who96. Why 97. With 98. Yes 99. You 100. Your

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6 Random Informations, Articles etc.

For people who wants to know more about the Norwegian immigration rules and how to apply for residence: http://www.udi.no/Norwegian-Directorate-of-Immigration/

Documentary about Spanish immigrants looking for work in Norway. http://tv.nrk.no/serie/brennpunkt/mdup11001012/02-10-2012

Whats Weird About Norway: A touchy-feely guys view of a touchless, feel-less nation:https://medium.com/estimated-time-of-arrival/b1a51c79a3d0

24 Ways We Should All Be More Like Scandinavians: http://www.buzzfeed.com/tabathaleggett/lessons-the-uk-should-learn-from-scandinavia

If you're young you could like to join an au pair exchange program, this is one of the most famous websites for that: http://www.aupair-world.co.ukYou'll work in a Norwegian family, and you can learn the language while you do that.Check the website, there are more details there

15 things you should know before moving to Norway: http://snakkernorsk.blogspot.com.br/2013/11/15-things-you-should-know-before-moving.html

Social studies (mandatory) for immigrants in Norway 50 hours, with ending examhttp://www.samfunnskunnskap.no/?lang=no (in different languages)http://www.samfunnskunnskap.no/?page_id=181&lang=no%20-%20Lessons (exercises)

All the websites for learning Norwegian Online:

Learn Norwegian online: Level A1 A2 B1:

A1 A2:http://norsk123.cappelendamm.no/http://www.ntnu.edu/nowhttp://www.freenorwegianlessons.com/http://www.goethe-verlag.com/book2/NO/index.htmhttp://www.internetpolyglot.com/lessons-no-enhttp://www.surfacelanguages.com/language/Norwegianhttp://www.linguanaut.com/learn_norwegian.htmhttp://abc.cappelendamm.no/http://norskna.portfolio.no/http://fsi-language-courses.org/Content.php?page=Norwegian

A1 B1: Interactive language learning

http://www.lingq.com/http://eurotalk.com/en/resources/learn/norwegian

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http://www.norwegianclass101.com/norwegian-phrases/http://mylanguages.org/learn_norwegian.phphttp://lp.babbel.com/d/ENG_index.html?l2=NOR

Flash cards: http://ankisrs.net/

As I told you before I prefer to combine Anki, with a grammar book, with http://www.ntnu.edu/now (that in my opinion is the best website for studying Norwegian online).You can check the others anyway!

Language history, phonetics, pronunciation:

Language questions answered: http://www.sprakrad.no/nb-no/Sprakhjelp/Raad/Spoersmaal_og_svar/http://www.mediaworks-online.com/nfu_english.htm - Language training software.http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp - world languages, software, publications, etc. Look up Norwegian.http://library.thinkquest.org/18802/langhist.htm -Brief history of the Norwegian language (in English).http://www.aftenposten.no/ekspertene/spraak/ - Per Hegge's daily column on language - Read the question of the day.

Nordic Language council project - Scandinavian languageshttp://www.nordisk-sprakrad.no/nsr_internordisk.htm,

Phonetic perspective sk & kj:http://sprakrad.no/nb-no/Toppmeny/Publikasjoner/Spraaknytt/Arkivet/2006/Spraaknytt_1_2006/Fonetisk_perspektiv/

An introduction to the basics of Norwegian: Pronunciation, phrases and vocabulary: http://www.101languages.net/norwegian/basics.html

ONE Minute Languages: http://coffeebreakspanish.typepad.com/oneminutelanguages/one_minute_norwegian/index.html - Scroll down for ten video Norwegian lessons.

http://www.podbean.com/podcast-detail?pid=33015 - Play audio for Norwegian Made Easy

http://www.mysen.vgs.no/elevomr/engelsk/engspr.htm (Eng)- links for learning English

http://www.dagbladet.no/kultur/1999/02/17/158130.html - kj- og sj? f.eks. kjkken/kiosk/kylling mot sju/skyte/skeiv?

Article about the present day falling together of these two soundshttp://www.ling.hf.ntnu.no/ipa/no/index.html - Norwegian sounds. Click on vowels or consonants in the chart to hear their sounds.http://www.ling.hf.ntnu.no/ipa/no/ipachart_no_vowels.html - Norwegian sounds. Description of vowels and diphthongs.http://particle.physics.ucdavis.edu/laura/norsk.html (Eng) Short page on pronunciation of vowels.

Norsk fonetikk for utlendinger - (Book), by Strandskogen, se-Berit; 3 (Norwegian Phonetics for Foreigners)

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Sources:http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0884321487/002-6720700-7939205?v=glance&n=283155http://www.norli.no/ type in 'norsk fonetikk' - see offerings with books, cds, cassettes.

Norwegian phonetics, plus books, workbooks, CDs.http://www.gyldendal.no/new/default.asp?ID_Publisher=1&ID_Collection=2342C9D3899949ADC1256BAE002D46E4

Folkesprk - a 'new' language, combining all Germanic languages: http://www.Langmaker.comhttp://groups.yahoo.com/group/folkspraak/

Norsk school on the Nett: Learn grammar, reading comprehension, literature, learning resources, writing rules, and more: http://www.norsksidene.no/

Language community, worldwide for people interested in language: http://www.unilang.org

http://www.phrasebase.com/archive/norwegian/index.html - Forum with discussions about Norwegian, including phrases, questions and answers.

http://www.omniglot.com/writing/norwegian.htm - About Norwegian (Eng)

Nordic Languages:

http://www.forskning.no/Artikler/2004/januar/1073896666.77 'Scandinavian semicommunication" and more recently yvind Maurud (1976).

His graphics representing how well users of each language understand each other are quite good -- page 12-- even if one can't read the whole report. You can download it here: http://www.nordisk-sprakrad.no/DET-OMIS.PDF(The report is in Swedish.)

The Nordic Language Council http://www.nordisk-sprakrad.no/has issued a number of helpful publications (and an online dictionary) about Nordisk sprkforstelse, for example "Att forst varandra i Norden" -- available free at: http://www.nordisk-sprakrad.no/folder_att_forstaa/folder_index.htm

You can also compare texts in the Nordic Languages and compare pronunciations at: http://www.nordisk-sprakrad.no/nsr_ligheter.htm

Chart of Old Norse Language: http://indoeuro.bizland.com/tree/germ/norse.html

Runenews: http://www.khm.uio.no/forskning/publikasjoner/runenews/nor_2003/

Rules for comma uses: http://www.korrekturavdelingen.no/K4kommaRegler.htm

On the use of prepositions: http://sprakrad.no/nb-no/Sprakhjelp/Rettskriving_Ordboeker/Skriveregler_og_grammatikk/Preposisjonsbruk_bm/

Preposition exercise: http://www.dammskolen.no/grunnskole/utvalgte_oppgaver/preposisjoner

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Sounds of vowels and consonants at Norskklassen's page: http://norskklassen.ce-service.biz/sounds-g.htm

http://tomnichol.info/languages/norwegian.html Language resources.

http://dialektor.mohive.com/index2.html - Interactive tool for learning to recognize dialects; Bokml or Nynorsk.

http://www.norskedialekter.no/ - Norwegian dialects

http://www.fys.uio.no/~haralds/tronderdialekt.html#lydar - Trndersk dialekt.

http://www.answers.com/topic/nord-norge The Northern Norwegian dialects share a common musical intonation, different from the southern dialects of Norway.

(in English) Norwegian dialects: http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Norwegian-dialects

Determining where a person is from by his/her dialect.Here is one site that explains how to determine where one is from:http://home.no.net/johawelt/webside/norsk/dialektar.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_dialects

Something interesting to play with, just float your mouse over the word (don't click it) & it pronounces the word in the Stavanger dialect:http://www.soundcomparisons.com/Eng/Direct/Englishes/SglLgNorwStavanger.htm

Norwegian sounds by watching your mouth in the mirror, and follow the suggestions at:http://www.hf.ntnu.no/anv/hjemmesiderifas/Olafstoff/Artpos/artposvok.htm

The use of De and du is found at http://www.aftenposten.no/ekspertene/spraak/?action=question&id=1993 -- by Per Egil Hegge

http://www.norwegianlanguage.info/ - (Eng) Norword. Download previous lessons.

Eurotalk has Talk Now, Talk More, Talk the talk, World Talk, Talk Business: CD's from beginners to advanced: http://eurotalk.com/us/products/talknow/norwegian

http://www.stolaf.edu/depts/norwegian/grammar/grammar.html - (Eng) NorTana (Norwegian Teachers Assn). Rules of grammar.

Word order, nouns, verbs, tense, etc.

Grammar: Click on part of speech- substantiv, verb, adverb, etc. http://www.riksmalsforbundet.no/grammatikk/http://www.verbix.com/languages/norwegian.shtml Type in a verb and see it conjugated

Grammar game for students p Internett - bokml og nynorsk http://www.tekstlab.uio.no/grei/

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http://www.quia.com/pages/readingnorwegian.html - Games with nouns, verbs, Viking words, adjectives and adverbs, games with useful phrases, time expressions, and more.

http://www.korrekturavdelingen.no/ - Correct use of accents, punctuation, common mistakes, etc.

Norsksider Grammar and literature level B1 C1:http://www.ressurssidene.no/view.cgi?&link_id=0.1034.1044&session_id=563391661&spraak=nn

Grammar: http://regdili.idi.ntnu.no:8080/studentAce/parse

http://norskklassen.ce-service.biz/ - (Eng & Nor) Norskklassen. Yahoo email group; very informative aid to learning norsk. Join for free and click on files to see some Norwegian grammar and useful vocabulary. Contribute emails to the class.

http://www.sprakrad.no/Sprakhjelp/Rettskriving_Ordboeker/Skriveregler_og_grammatikk/ -

Norsk Sprkrdet/Norwegian Language Council: Skriveregler og grammatikk/Rules of Writing and Grammar.

http://www.sprakrad.no/Sprakhjelp/Rettskriving_Ordboeker/Geografiske_namn/

- Geographical names in Norwegian.

http://www.yourdictionary.com/languages/germanic.html#norway - (Eng) Links to dictionaries, grammar, Internet terms.http://www.quia.com/pages/readingnorwegian.html - (Eng) Flashcards, word match, concentration, games and exercises.

http://www.flashcardexchange.com/flashcards/view/248562 Flashcard practice

http://www.flashcardexchange.com/tag/Norwegian - Select a category and practice.

http://www.sofn.com/norwegianculture/languagelessons/ -Select a lesson-Useful phrases when meeting orleaving, counting, the weather, sports, inside the house, etc. with pronunciation guide (no sound)

http://www.sofn.com/norwegianculture/languagelessons/index.html (Norwegian in five minutes a day)

Net school; grammar, litterature, etc. http://www.ressurssidene.no/view.cgi?&link_id=0.1034.1044&session_id=0&spraak=bm

Nordisk Institutt: Nordisk sprk og Litteratur http://www.hf.uib.no/i/Nordisk/nymappe/

http://softrat.home.mindspring.com/germanic.html a tree of Germanic languages.

Interlex is a free Windows application that helps you learn vocabulary in a foreign language quickly and easily. First you compile a list of words and phrases, then you test yourself until you have learned them.http://www.vocab.co.uk/index.htm

A collection of English/Norwegian idioms, free to download and use!http://www.nettverksted.no/O-ringen/Idiomaten.htm

USE of "P" AND "I":

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p: http://www.lexin.no/lexin.html?dict=nbo-eng-maxi&ui-lang=ENG&checked-languages=E&checked-languages=N&checked-languages=B&search=p%C3%A5

i: http://www.lexin.no/lexin.html?dict=nbo-eng-maxi&ui-lang=ENG&checked-languages=E&checked-languages=N&checked-languages=B&search=i

List of abbreviations - Sprkrdet: http://www.sprakrad.no/Raad/Skriveregler_og_grammatikk/Forkortinger/

Words in Context: Type in a word and see it in context; see how it is used, with words before and words after it. Many languages, including Norwegian.

http://www.niederlandistik.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/web-conc.cgi?sprache=en&art=googlehttp://decentius.hit.uib.no/lexin.html?ui-lang=nbo&dict=nbo&checked-languages=N - Words in categories, matching words to pictures;

Familie og slekt, Ulykker og sykdom, Matvarer og kjkkenutstyr, etc.

http://decentius.hit.uib.no/lexin/image-group?dict=nbo&group=1&active=0&checked-languages=E&checked-languages=N&ui-lang=nbo

- Chart showing the family tree

with terms for relatives. ie. aunt, uncle, cousin,etc.

http://www.oasalumni.org/vocab.htm - Vocabulary drills, gives norsk word- then you type in meaning. Keyed to 1997 edition of Margaretha Danbolt Simons' Teach Yourself Norwegian.

http://www.nettnorsk.no/ - Download exercises for learning norsk.

http://www.aschehoug.no/sarepta/bokmal/lettles/lettles.htm - Exercises: use of comma, double letters, expressions, common misspelled words,etc. Click on Workbook to try the exercises. Write in answers click on 'Rett' to see results.

http://www.iteslj.org/v/ -short vocabulary testhttp://iteslj.org/cw/ - crossword puzzles, start with Easy

Norwegian online interactive drills, tests; using multiple choicehttp://www.statvoks.no/konsept/norsk2/ - try nettgrammatikk.

http://www.carla.umn.edu/lctl/materials/norwegian/norwegian-verbs.html - Louis Janus' list of common Norwegian verbs.

http://www.webland.no/Sitater/ - A B A K U S: Proverbs, quotations, expressions.

Click on a letter for a person/source (kildene) or a category (kategoriene).

http://www.caplex.no/ - 64,000 articles in Norwegian, daily quotation, crossword help.

http://home.c2i.net/fhoseth/ - Mini crosswords-Norwegian clues/English answers:

http://creativeproverbs.com/no01.htm - (Eng) Proverbs from Norway, but not in Norwegian.

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We are at the end of this guide !Ive tried to share my knowledge, and I hope it will help people of our facebook group : Learn Norwegian Lre Norsk, and all people who will read it.For specific questions, you can ask in the group!

Thanks to Gitte who added parts, sent me tons of resources for the new update, especially for the 6th section and edited the document.

For all the Italian people in the group:Siete dei pazzi scatenati ragazzi, non mollate mai!

Good luck with learning Norwegian!

Your sincerely,

Nicola Biolcati and Gitte Kristensen

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how to learn norwegian (dec2013)v3

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