How to Hold it Together Ionic Bonds

How to Hold it Together Ionic Bonds

Ch. 5, Sec. 2Ch. 5, Sec. 2

Ionic Bonds Ionic Bonds

formed by a complete TRANSFER of electrons (electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another).

formed by a complete TRANSFER of electrons (electrons are lost by one atom and gained by another).

Ionic Bonds Ionic Bonds

When an atom gains or loses one or more electrons, the charged particle that results is called an ion. A known fact is that oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other. This strong force of attraction is what keeps the atoms stuck together as a compound.

When an atom gains or loses one or more electrons, the charged particle that results is called an ion. A known fact is that oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other. This strong force of attraction is what keeps the atoms stuck together as a compound.

Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 1: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Na ClNa Cl

Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 1: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Na ClNa Cl

p+ = 11n = 12

p+ = 17n = 18

Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 1: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Na ClNa Cl

p+ = 11n = 12

p+ = 17n = 18

Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 1: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Na ClNa Cl

p+ = 11n = 12

p+ = 17n = 18

2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 1: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Na ClNa Cl

p+ = 11n = 12

p+ = 17n = 18

2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

Example 1: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 1: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Na ClNa Cl

p+ = 11n = 12

p+ = 17n = 18

2e- 8e- 8e- 2e-

1+ 1-

Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 2: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Ca OCa O

Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 2: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Ca OCa O

p+ = 20n = 20

p+ = 8n = 8

Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 2: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Ca O

Ca O

p+ = 20n = 20

p+ = 8n = 8

Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 2: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Ca O

Ca O

p+ = 20n = 20

p+ = 8n = 82e-

2e- 8e- 8e-

Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 2: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Ca O

Ca O

p+ = 20n = 20

p+ = 8n = 82e-

2e- 8e- 8e-

Example 2: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 2: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Ca 2+ O 2-

Ca 2+ O 2-

p+ = 20n = 20

p+ = 8n = 82e-

2e- 8e- 8e-

Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 3: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Cl Mg ClCl Mg Cl

Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 3: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Cl Mg ClCl Mg Cl

p = 17n = 18

p = 12n = 12

p = 17n = 18

2e- 8e-8e- 2e-

Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 3: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Cl Mg ClCl Mg Cl

p = 17n = 18

p = 12n = 12

p = 17n = 18

2e- 8e-8e- 2e-

Example 3: Show how the valence electron moves and the resulting charge for each atom.Example 3: Show how the valence electron

moves and the resulting charge for each atom.

Cl 1- Mg 2+ Cl 1-Cl 1- Mg 2+ Cl 1-

p = 17n = 18

p = 12n = 12

p = 17n = 18

2e- 8e-8e- 2e-

Properties of Ionic Compounds

Properties of Ionic Compounds

Hard Brittle Solids High melting points Conducts electricity when

dissolved in water

Hard Brittle Solids High melting points Conducts electricity when

dissolved in water

Complete the chart for each element.Complete the chart for each element.

Element # of Protons

# of Electrons

# of Valence

Electrons

Oxidation Number

Sodium

Chlorine

Beryllium

Fluorine

Lithium

Oxygen

Phosphorus

Complete the chart for each element.Complete the chart for each element.

Element # of Protons # of Electrons # of Va lence Electrons

Oxidation Number

Sodium 11 11 1 1+ Chlorine 17 17 7 1- Beryllium 4 4 2 2+ Fluorine 9 9 7 1- Lithium 3 3 1 1+ Oxygen 8 8 6 2- Phosphorus 15 15 5 3-

Follow your teacher’s directions to complete each ionic bond.

Follow your teacher’s directions to complete each ionic bond.

(1) Potassium + Fluorine(2) Magnesium + Iodine(3) Sodium + Oxygen(4) Sodium + Chlorine(5) Calcium + Chlorine(6) Aluminum + Chlorine

(1) Potassium + Fluorine(2) Magnesium + Iodine(3) Sodium + Oxygen(4) Sodium + Chlorine(5) Calcium + Chlorine(6) Aluminum + Chlorine

Potassium + FluorinePotassium + Fluorine

KFKF

Magnesium + IodineMagnesium + Iodine

MgI2MgI2

Sodium + OxygenSodium + Oxygen

Na2ONa2O

Sodium + ChlorineSodium + Chlorine

NaClNaCl

Calcium + ChlorineCalcium + Chlorine

CaCl2CaCl2

Aluminum + Chlorine Aluminum + Chlorine

AlCl3AlCl3