How to Give an How to Give an Effective 2arEffective 2ar

1. Think About the Big Picture1. Think About the Big Picture

Remember: focus on offense – defend your houseRemember: focus on offense – defend your house Isolate 1 or 2 ImpactsIsolate 1 or 2 Impacts Decide on impacts based on negative strategy – know Decide on impacts based on negative strategy – know

what level of your argument you must win to access your what level of your argument you must win to access your impactsimpacts

Know way you may frame the debate depending on 2nr Know way you may frame the debate depending on 2nr strategy before the 1ar speaksstrategy before the 1ar speaks

Don’t immediately start writing your speech when 2nr Don’t immediately start writing your speech when 2nr ends – conceptualize the debateends – conceptualize the debate

However, during the 2nr’s prep time, you can start However, during the 2nr’s prep time, you can start writing your overview based on what you think they are writing your overview based on what you think they are going forgoing for

2. Strategy to Ordering Your Flows2. Strategy to Ordering Your Flows

Should have a strategy for ordering your flows Should have a strategy for ordering your flows for every speechfor every speech

Keep in mind – 2ar tells a story…don’t let the Keep in mind – 2ar tells a story…don’t let the judge write his or her own storyjudge write his or her own story

Don’t put your best argument or the neg’s best Don’t put your best argument or the neg’s best argument on the bottom when possibleargument on the bottom when possible

Almost never want to put your entire case at the Almost never want to put your entire case at the bottombottom

Almost never put the counterplan on the bottomAlmost never put the counterplan on the bottom

3. Overviews – Your overview3. Overviews – Your overview Sometimes a general overview, sometimes done on a Sometimes a general overview, sometimes done on a

specific argumentspecific argument Overview should not be a preview of what we are to hear Overview should not be a preview of what we are to hear

- Instead, use it to frame the debate/start impact - Instead, use it to frame the debate/start impact comparisonscomparisons

Should be less than a minute long, aim for 30-45 Should be less than a minute long, aim for 30-45 secondsseconds

Don’t use the exact same overview for every debate – Don’t use the exact same overview for every debate – however, keep them and re-use parts…you can even however, keep them and re-use parts…you can even write parts ahead of time for different scenarioswrite parts ahead of time for different scenarios

Usually start with why you win it (recognizing negative’s Usually start with why you win it (recognizing negative’s best chance of winning)best chance of winning)

NO UNDERVIEWS ALLOWED IN POLICY DEBATENO UNDERVIEWS ALLOWED IN POLICY DEBATE

Responding to the 2nr Overview…Responding to the 2nr Overview…

Don’t give your overview and then address Don’t give your overview and then address everything in the 2nr overvieweverything in the 2nr overview

- Your impact analysis should take in to Your impact analysis should take in to account 2nr impact assessmentaccount 2nr impact assessment

- Only answer 2nr if arguments that you Only answer 2nr if arguments that you won’t answer in your overview or on the won’t answer in your overview or on the lineline

Scenario 1 - OverviewScenario 1 - Overview

The negative goes for the states CP and the federalism The negative goes for the states CP and the federalism disad, with an Iraq instability/Middle East wars going disad, with an Iraq instability/Middle East wars going nuclear impact. They also kick out of their topicality nuclear impact. They also kick out of their topicality violation and spending tradeoff. There are 3 defensive violation and spending tradeoff. There are 3 defensive on poverty and 3 defensive arguments on ethno-religious on poverty and 3 defensive arguments on ethno-religious conflicts. Going in to your 2ar, you want to win that the conflicts. Going in to your 2ar, you want to win that the counterplan does not solve the ethno-religious conflicts counterplan does not solve the ethno-religious conflicts advantage and that outweighs. You also think it would advantage and that outweighs. You also think it would help to win that federalism is not modeled.help to win that federalism is not modeled.

- What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?- Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? - How might you phrase your overview?How might you phrase your overview?

Scenario 2 - OverviewScenario 2 - Overview

The negative kicked politics, went for spending The negative kicked politics, went for spending tradeoff and defense against both of your tradeoff and defense against both of your advantages, poverty and ethno-religious advantages, poverty and ethno-religious conflicts. You believe the negative kicked out of conflicts. You believe the negative kicked out of politics incorrectly, and the impact is extinction politics incorrectly, and the impact is extinction because of nuclear war.because of nuclear war.

- What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?- Do you give a global overview or a specific Do you give a global overview or a specific

overview? overview? - How might you phrase your overview?How might you phrase your overview?

Scenario 3 – OverviewScenario 3 – Overview

The negative went for ASPEC for 2 minutes The negative went for ASPEC for 2 minutes and then went for politics and case and then went for politics and case defense against your 1 advantage, defense against your 1 advantage, poverty. poverty.

- What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?

- Do you give a global overview or a specific Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? overview?

- How might you phrase your overview?How might you phrase your overview?

Scenario 4 - OverviewScenario 4 - Overview

The negative goes for topicality – The negative goes for topicality – substantially means 20% for five minutes.substantially means 20% for five minutes.

- What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?What is the order of the flows in the 2ar?

- Do you give a global overview or a specific Do you give a global overview or a specific overview? overview?

- How might you phrase your overview?How might you phrase your overview?

4. Pick, Choose, and Use Detail4. Pick, Choose, and Use Detail

Don’t have to extend every 1ar argumentDon’t have to extend every 1ar argument Be willing to devote significant time to an Be willing to devote significant time to an

argumentargument Don’t forget about the line-by-lineDon’t forget about the line-by-line Exploit the weakness of the negative Exploit the weakness of the negative

strategy….strategy….

5. Take Advantage of 2nr 5. Take Advantage of 2nr WeaknessesWeaknesses

EXAMPLESEXAMPLES DADA

- was the disad kicked out of incorrectly?- was the disad kicked out of incorrectly?- Did the 2nr spend too much time on the link and - Did the 2nr spend too much time on the link and

not enough on the uniqueness?not enough on the uniqueness? T/TheoryT/Theory- Frame based on dropped arguments or best Frame based on dropped arguments or best

arguments. Do a better job explaining your arguments. Do a better job explaining your standards precede/outweigh/solve theirsstandards precede/outweigh/solve theirs

*** The 2nr was NOT perfect – figure out the *** The 2nr was NOT perfect – figure out the imperfectionsimperfections

6. Ask yourself “So What”6. Ask yourself “So What”

Do not just extend 1ar arguments/developDo not just extend 1ar arguments/develop Make sure judge knows why the argument Make sure judge knows why the argument

matters – how it interacts with the rest of matters – how it interacts with the rest of the debatethe debate

7. Comparison, and not just with 7. Comparison, and not just with debate jargondebate jargon

Impact comparison – more than just time-frame, Impact comparison – more than just time-frame, magnitude, and probabilitymagnitude, and probability

- Reasons whyReasons why- Also think about questions of inevitability/who Also think about questions of inevitability/who

controls uniqueness, if case solves the neg’s controls uniqueness, if case solves the neg’s impact, etcimpact, etc

Argument/Evidence ComparisonArgument/Evidence Comparison* Evidence – reasons to prefer?* Evidence – reasons to prefer?

• Argument – How does yours trump the negatives?Argument – How does yours trump the negatives?

These types of comparisons do not happen These types of comparisons do not happen enoughenough

8. Prove you’re an Expert on Your 8. Prove you’re an Expert on Your AffAff

Refer to evidence by cite (and argument) – Refer to evidence by cite (and argument) – know your authorsknow your authors

Explain warrants in your evidence, not just Explain warrants in your evidence, not just tag lines tag lines

(tricks – write on side of evidence, have (tricks – write on side of evidence, have pre-written explanations you can edit)pre-written explanations you can edit)

* Don’t forget to extend 1ar evidence* Don’t forget to extend 1ar evidence

9. Delivery9. Delivery

Show confidence – before, during, and after the Show confidence – before, during, and after the speechspeech

Use emphasisUse emphasis

* slow down on key ideas* slow down on key ideas

* use catch-phrases* use catch-phrases

* connect with your judge* connect with your judge Start out especially strong – know your order, Start out especially strong – know your order,

deliver the first 30 seconds perfectly, etc.deliver the first 30 seconds perfectly, etc.

10. Role of the 1ar10. Role of the 1ar

1ar’s job is not done1ar’s job is not done- get evidence in order- get evidence in order- May need to help out by reading some - May need to help out by reading some evidence for the 2ar and help with comparisonevidence for the 2ar and help with comparison

- Must flow! Must flow! - Only interrupt partner if they are about to loseOnly interrupt partner if they are about to lose- Do not write out the majority of the speech for Do not write out the majority of the speech for

the 2arthe 2ar* can help with small parts, but make sure * can help with small parts, but make sure

you have taken time to make sure you you have taken time to make sure you understand the arguments/can read themunderstand the arguments/can read them

12. Tips Versus the CP12. Tips Versus the CP• When Going for PermutationsWhen Going for Permutations- Make sure it is clear which perm you are going forMake sure it is clear which perm you are going for- Repeat text and what it meansRepeat text and what it means- Explain why the permutation is better than the counterplanExplain why the permutation is better than the counterplan- Make sure you answer theoryMake sure you answer theory

• If you go for theory versus the counterplanIf you go for theory versus the counterplan- make sure you do the link, internal link, and impact workmake sure you do the link, internal link, and impact work- not enough to just respond to the neg, need to be sure you can win not enough to just respond to the neg, need to be sure you can win

itit

• When debating the solvency deficitWhen debating the solvency deficit- Make sure you are citing evidence, not just in generic terms – - Make sure you are citing evidence, not just in generic terms –

especially 1ac evidenceespecially 1ac evidence

13. Tips Versus the Kritik13. Tips Versus the Kritik

You must continue the debate about the You must continue the debate about the alternative – think of like a counterplan alternative – think of like a counterplan

- easiest way for aff to lose the k debate is - easiest way for aff to lose the k debate is concede that the alternative solves all the concede that the alternative solves all the casecase

• Same tips for permutations applySame tips for permutations apply

• Remember, you must have your story – Remember, you must have your story – don’t just extend 1ar argumentsdon’t just extend 1ar arguments

14. Tips Versus Topicality/Theory14. Tips Versus Topicality/Theory

Have a strategy! Have an overview!Have a strategy! Have an overview! Frame your arguments offensivelyFrame your arguments offensively

- example: literature checks- example: literature checks Most likely will be a competing interpretations debate Most likely will be a competing interpretations debate

because you almost always want to extend a counter-because you almost always want to extend a counter-interpretation in the 2ar: make sure you have arguments interpretation in the 2ar: make sure you have arguments your interpretation is good and why theirs is badyour interpretation is good and why theirs is bad

Compare impacts for standards – ex. what is more Compare impacts for standards – ex. what is more important, fair limits versus more negative ground?important, fair limits versus more negative ground?

Can argue against the 2nr’s framing of the debate being Can argue against the 2nr’s framing of the debate being about competing interpretationsabout competing interpretations

15. Tips for the Case Debate15. Tips for the Case Debate

Don’t have to go for all your advantages – Don’t have to go for all your advantages – pick based on 2nr strategypick based on 2nr strategy

If you are going for an advantage If you are going for an advantage outweighs the neg, do not put it on the outweighs the neg, do not put it on the bottombottom

Cites = key!Cites = key! Don’t get bogged down on bad arguments, Don’t get bogged down on bad arguments,

but make sure you have an answerbut make sure you have an answer

Finals of the TOC – 2arFinals of the TOC – 2ar

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xI7YKjvBSY

Did this 2ar follow all the guidelines?Did this 2ar follow all the guidelines?

Now it is your turn to be in the finals of the Now it is your turn to be in the finals of the TOC…. 2010!TOC…. 2010!