Notes on Generators

Draw a DC generator like this

Draw an AC generator

Draw a AC Generator (Power Station)

Features:Generator: three outer coils, Magnet spinning at 50 times a secondPowerline: Upper lightening WireThree tier wire hangers, with disk insulators

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Powerline: Upper lightening WireThree tier wire hangers, with disk insulatorsEach disk is 2 KVThe disks are designed to maximize the distance from the wire to the ground, they are designed like umbrellas to keep them dry in wet weather.

Transformers Change one AC voltage to another Voltage

High voltages can transmit power at low current P =VILow currents in the power lines means less power lostP = I2R Doubling the voltage, reduces the losses by a factor of four.

Transformers are AC generators where the spinning magnet has been replaced with coils, they are electrically powered electricity generators called "Substations"

They are drawn like this

Notes

P is primary or the side receiving powerIn a step down draw more coils, with a finer pen. Each loop correspondsTo a fixed number of volts. The wire is finer as it does not have to Carry as much current.

S is secondary or side outputting powerIn a step down draw less coils with a heavy pen. The voltage drops inProportion to the number of coils, but the current increases, thus requiring thicker wire.

Transformers are 95% efficient, and 100% in the HSC!

Transformers

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